阅读说明：本技术 一种双层栈桥式逆作法施工方法 (Double-deck trestle type reverse construction method ) 是由 王飞 丁应章 周圣平 徐强 孙玉叶 沈东杰 唐立帆 周炜炜 程大勇 林永祥 熊超 于 2021-02-01 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及建筑施工领域,提供了一种双层栈桥式逆作法施工工艺,包括由结构板形成双层栈桥、围护应力监测系统、交通管理系统。所述的技术由上下两层结构板形成的双层栈桥、围护应力监测系统和交通管理系统组成,具有如下优点：第一便于施工,易于推广；第二出土效率高；第三是交通动线清晰合理,第四可以减少土方开挖过程中的扬尘,绿色环保；本发明提供的这种双层栈桥逆作法施工工艺解决了现有技术中因顶板洞口开设限制,逆作法比顺作法出土效率低,且逆作法土方开挖与地下结构同时施工,大量投入机械设备及材料堆场致使场内交通环境恶劣的问题,为深基坑逆作法施工技术的发展拓展了思路,具有相当的社会效益。(The invention relates to the field of building construction, and provides a double-layer trestle type reverse construction method construction process. The technology comprises a double-layer trestle formed by an upper layer of structural plate and a lower layer of structural plate, a containment stress monitoring system and a traffic management system, and has the following advantages: the construction is convenient, and the popularization is easy; the second unearthing efficiency is high; thirdly, the traffic line is clear and reasonable, and fourthly, the dust emission in the earth excavation process can be reduced, so that the method is green and environment-friendly; the double-layer trestle reverse construction method provided by the invention solves the problems that in the prior art, because the roof opening is limited, the reverse construction method has lower unearthing efficiency than the forward construction method, and because the reverse construction method adopts earthwork excavation and the underground structure to be constructed simultaneously, a large amount of mechanical equipment and material yards are invested, the traffic environment in a field is severe, the concept is expanded for the development of the deep foundation pit reverse construction method construction technology, and the double-layer trestle reverse construction method has considerable social benefits.)

1. A double-layer trestle type reverse construction method construction process is characterized by comprising a double-layer trestle formed by structural plates, a containment stress monitoring system and a traffic management system.

2. The double-deck trestle type reverse construction method construction process of claim 1, wherein the construction method for forming the double-deck trestle by the structural plate at least comprises the following steps:

step (1): excavating a first layer of earthwork to an elevation below the bottom of the B0 board, pouring a cushion layer, erecting a formwork support, constructing the B0 board, reserving a soil taking hole, after the construction of the B0 board is completed, driving an excavator to the side of the soil taking hole of the B0 board, and enabling an earthwork vehicle to pass through the B0 board;

step (2): excavating a second layer of earthwork to the elevation below the B2 plate, transporting the earthwork outside through an excavated hole of the B0 plate, pouring a cushion layer, building a formwork support, constructing slopes of the B2 plate and the B2 plate below the B0, and reinforcing a lattice column in the range of a heavy roadway between the B0 plate and the B2 plate;

and (3): after the construction of the B2 plate is completed, the excavator drives to the B2 plate soil taking wharf to take soil, the earth moving vehicles pass through the B0 plate and the B2 plate, and the B0 plate is used as a main material storage yard and a large mechanical equipment parking yard.

3. The double-deck trestle type reverse construction method construction process of claim 2, wherein the construction method for forming the double-deck trestle by the structural plate further comprises the following steps:

and (4): excavating the third layer of earthwork to the elevation below the B3 board, transporting the earthwork outside through the unearthed openings of the B0 and B2 boards, pouring a cushion layer, erecting a formwork support and constructing the B3 board;

and (5): and excavating the earthwork of the fourth layer to the elevation of the bottom surface of the foundation pit, vertically transporting the earthwork through the excavated openings of the B0, B2 and B3 boards, pouring a cushion layer, binding a bottom plate reinforcing steel bar, and constructing the bottom plate of the basement.

4. The double-layer trestle type reverse construction method construction process of claim 2 or 3, wherein the construction method for forming the double-layer trestle by the structural plates further comprises the following steps:

and (6): dismantling the slope ramp of the B2 plate below the B0 plate, building a formwork support on the B2 plate, constructing the B1 plate structure, and stopping using the heavy lane on the B2 plate;

and (7): and (4) sequentially manufacturing a structure plate and a B1 plate structure plate reserved in the range of the unearthed hole of the construction, and integrally finishing the basement.

5. The double-deck trestle type reverse construction method construction process of claim 4, wherein the formwork support in the step (1), the formwork support in the step (2), the formwork support in the step (4) and the formwork support in the step (6) all adopt socket-type disc buckle type tool scaffolds.

6. The double-deck trestle type reverse construction method construction process of claim 2, wherein the slope of the slope way of the B2 plate under the B0 plate is 1: (5-10), the width is integral multiple of the space between the lattice columns; concrete anti-collision guardrails are required to be arranged on two sides of the slope of the B2 plate below the B0 plate.

7. The double-deck trestle type reverse construction method construction process according to claim 2, wherein in the step (2), the latticed column is reinforced in a mode of cross reinforcement of steel inclined struts, and each span of the steel inclined struts is reinforced in the lane direction within the range of a heavy vehicle lane.

8. The double-deck trestle type reverse construction method construction process of claim 4, wherein the B1 board structure is constructed by a forward construction method after the bottom board construction is completed, so that the height between the B0 and B2 boards meets the requirement of the working space of conventional mechanical equipment.

9. The double-deck trestle type reverse construction method construction process of claim 4, wherein the traffic flow lines of the construction vehicles on the B0 board and the B2 board are all unidirectional circular lines, and the traffic flow traveling directions of the overlapped parts of the different circular lines are the same.

10. The double-deck trestle type reverse construction method construction process of claim 2, wherein the containment stress monitoring system comprises: monitoring vertical stress of the lattice column and monitoring axial stress of a force transfer beam at an unearthed opening.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of building construction, in particular to a double-deck trestle type reverse construction method.

Background

With the high-speed increase of economy in China, super high-rise buildings and large-scale multi-storey basement engineering are gradually increased, and extra-large and extra-deep foundation pits are also increased. Due to the development of urban construction, the situations that other important buildings and underground traffic tunnels exist in the adjacent foundation pit are very common. Under the condition, the foundation pit is difficult to adopt the technical means of external anchoring, the traditional internal supporting method is not economical and applicable due to the appearance of the ultra-large foundation pit, and the large deep foundation pit support has the dilemma that the external anchoring cannot be realized and the internal supporting is difficult to realize.

Under the dilemma that the inner part is difficult to support and the outer part is difficult to anchor, the reverse construction method is selected for more and more oversized ultra-deep foundation pits. However, because the opening of the top plate is limited, the reverse construction method has lower unearthing efficiency than the forward construction method, and the earth excavation and the underground structure are constructed simultaneously by the reverse construction method, so that the traffic environment in the yard is severe due to the large investment of mechanical equipment and material yards.

Disclosure of Invention

On the basis of the common general knowledge in the field, the above-mentioned preferred conditions can be combined arbitrarily without departing from the concept and the protection scope of the invention.

In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a double-layer trestle type reverse construction method construction process which comprises a double-layer trestle formed by structural plates, a containment stress monitoring system and a traffic management system.

As a preferred technical solution, the construction method for forming a double-deck trestle by using the structural slab of the present invention at least comprises the following steps:

step (1): excavating a first layer of earthwork to an elevation below the bottom of the B0 board, pouring a cushion layer, erecting a formwork support, constructing the B0 board, reserving a soil taking hole, after the construction of the B0 board is completed, driving an excavator to the side of the soil taking hole of the B0 board, and enabling an earthwork vehicle to pass through the B0 board;

step (2): excavating a second layer of earthwork to the elevation below the B2 plate, transporting the earthwork outside through an excavated hole of the B0 plate, pouring a cushion layer, building a formwork support, constructing slopes of the B2 plate and the B2 plate below the B0, and reinforcing a lattice column in the range of a heavy roadway between the B0 plate and the B2 plate;

and (3): after the construction of the B2 plate is completed, the excavator drives to the B2 plate soil taking wharf to take soil, the earth moving vehicles pass through the B0 plate and the B2 plate, and the B0 plate is used as a main material storage yard and a large mechanical equipment parking yard.

As a preferable technical solution, the construction method for forming a double-deck trestle by using the structural slab further includes:

and (4): excavating the third layer of earthwork to the elevation below the B3 board, transporting the earthwork outside through the unearthed openings of the B0 and B2 boards, pouring a cushion layer, erecting a formwork support and constructing the B3 board;

and (5): and excavating the earthwork of the fourth layer to the elevation of the bottom surface of the foundation pit, vertically transporting the earthwork through the excavated openings of the B0, B2 and B3 boards, pouring a cushion layer, binding a bottom plate reinforcing steel bar, and constructing the bottom plate of the basement.

As a preferable technical solution, the construction method for forming a double-deck trestle by using the structural slab further includes:

and (6): dismantling the slope ramp of the B2 plate below the B0 plate, building a formwork support on the B2 plate, constructing the B1 plate structure, and stopping using the heavy lane on the B2 plate;

and (7): and (4) sequentially manufacturing a structure plate and a B1 plate structure plate reserved in the range of the unearthed hole of the construction, and integrally finishing the basement.

As a preferable technical scheme, the formwork support in the step (1), the formwork support in the step (2), the formwork support in the step (4) and the formwork support in the step (6) all adopt socket-type disc buckle tool scaffolds.

As a preferable technical scheme, the slope of the B2 plate under the B0 plate is 1: (5-10), wherein the width is an integral multiple of the space between the lattice columns; concrete anti-collision guardrails are required to be arranged on two sides of the ramp.

As a preferable technical scheme, in the step (2) of the invention, the latticed column is reinforced in a mode of cross reinforcement of the steel inclined struts, and each span of the steel inclined struts is reinforced in the heavy lane range along the lane direction.

As a preferable technical scheme, the B1 plate structure is constructed by a forward construction method after the construction of the bottom plate is completed, so that the height between the B0 and the B2 plate meets the requirement of the working space of conventional mechanical equipment.

As a preferable technical scheme, traffic flow lines of construction vehicles on the B0 plate and the B2 plate are all one-way circular lines, and traffic flow driving directions of overlapped parts of different circular lines are the same.

As a preferred technical solution, the containment stress monitoring system in the present invention includes: monitoring vertical stress of the lattice column and monitoring axial stress of a force transfer beam at an unearthed opening.

As a preferable technical solution, in the invention, the lattice column vertical stress monitoring controls the arrangement of the B0 plate yard and the accumulation of heavy-duty vehicles according to the monitoring data; and monitoring the axial stress of the unearthed tunnel entrance force transfer beam, and evaluating the safety of the enclosure system according to monitoring data.

As a preferable technical scheme, the traffic management system comprises traffic signal management and pedestrian and vehicle distribution management.

As a preferable technical solution, in the traffic signal management of the present invention, it is required to set traffic guide signs, zebra crossings and traffic lights at the intersections of B0 boards and B2 boards, and draw guide lines for each lane; and the man-vehicle flow distribution management requires that a rigid isolation belt is erected between a sidewalk and a roadway by using a shaped fence.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages and effects:

the invention provides a double-layer trestle type reverse construction method construction process, which consists of a double-layer trestle formed by an upper layer of structural plate and a lower layer of structural plate, an envelope stress monitoring system and a traffic management system, provides a novel reverse construction method construction technology, can be applied to all projects with more than four layers, and has the following advantages: the construction is convenient, and the popularization is easy; the second unearthing efficiency is high; thirdly, the traffic line is clear and reasonable, and fourthly, the dust emission in the earth excavation process can be reduced, so that the method is green and environment-friendly; the double-layer trestle reverse construction method provided by the invention solves the problems that in the prior art, because the roof opening is limited, the reverse construction method has lower unearthing efficiency than the forward construction method, and because the reverse construction method adopts earthwork excavation and the underground structure to be constructed simultaneously, a large amount of mechanical equipment and material yards are invested, the traffic environment in a field is severe, the concept is expanded for the development of the deep foundation pit reverse construction method construction technology, and the double-layer trestle reverse construction method has considerable social benefits. The double-layer trestle type top-down construction technology effectively solves the problems of limited space and low unearthing efficiency of a top-down construction method construction project site, and has the advantages of high construction efficiency and clear and reasonable traffic line.

Drawings

Fig. 1 to 7 are drawings illustrating an example of reverse four-layer engineering in embodiment 1.

Fig. 1 is a plan view of a double-deck trestle type inverse method foundation pit bracing system in the construction method of the invention, version B0.

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of step (1) in the construction method according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of step (2) in the construction method of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a cross-sectional position A-A in FIG. 1 in step (3) of the construction method according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of step (4) in the construction method according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of step (5) in the construction method according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view showing a cross-sectional position A-A in FIG. 1 at step (6) in the construction method according to the present invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic view of a lattice column diagonal bracing reinforcing structure in the construction method of the present invention.

1-underground diaphragm wall; 111-bracing stress monitoring points; 112-unearthed hole; 113-heavy lanes; 114-traffic flow lines; 2-a muck truck; 3-an excavator; 4-lattice columns; 5-concrete tank truck; 6-a ground pump; 7-B0 lower B2 plate ramp; 8-long arm excavator; 9-steel diagonal bracing; 10-a base plate; 101-B0 board; 102-B2 board; 103-B3 board; 104-B1 board.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments. The invention provides a double-deck trestle type top construction technology aiming at the problems in the prior art, and aims to solve the problems that in the prior art, because a roof hole is limited, a top-down construction method is lower in unearthing efficiency than a forward construction method, and because a large amount of mechanical equipment and a material yard are invested in an onsite traffic environment due to the fact that a top-down construction method and an underground structure are constructed simultaneously, the onsite earth excavation is poor in efficiency.

The invention provides a double-deck trestle type reverse construction method construction process, which comprises a double-deck trestle formed by structural plates, a containment stress monitoring system and a traffic management system.

In some embodiments, the construction method of the double-layer trestle formed by the structural plates at least comprises the following steps:

step (1): excavating a first layer of earthwork to an elevation below the bottom of the B0 board, pouring a cushion layer, erecting a formwork support, constructing the B0 board, reserving a soil taking hole, after the construction of the B0 board is completed, driving an excavator to the side of the soil taking hole of the B0 board, and enabling an earthwork vehicle to pass through the B0 board; step (2): excavating a second layer of earthwork to the elevation below the B2 plate, transporting the earthwork outside through an excavated hole of the B0 plate, pouring a cushion layer, building a formwork support, constructing slopes of the B2 plate and the B2 plate below the B0, and reinforcing a lattice column in the range of a heavy roadway between the B0 plate and the B2 plate; and (3): after the construction of the B2 plate is completed, the excavator drives to the B2 plate soil taking wharf to take soil, the earth moving vehicles pass through the B0 plate and the B2 plate, and the B0 plate is used as a material yard and a large mechanical equipment parking yard.

In some embodiments, the construction method for forming the double-layer trestle by the structural plate further comprises the following steps: and (4): excavating the third layer of earthwork to the elevation below the B3 board, transporting the earthwork outside through the unearthed openings of the B0 and B2 boards, pouring a cushion layer, erecting a formwork support and constructing the B3 board; and (5): and excavating the earthwork of the fourth layer to the elevation of the bottom surface of the foundation pit, vertically transporting the earthwork through the excavated openings of the B0, B2 and B3 boards, pouring a cushion layer, binding a bottom plate reinforcing steel bar, and constructing the bottom plate of the basement.

In some preferred embodiments, the construction method of the structural slab to form the double-deck trestle further comprises: and (6): dismantling the slope ramp of the B2 plate below the B0 plate, building a formwork support on the B2 plate, constructing the B1 plate structure, and stopping using the heavy lane on the B2 plate; and (7): and (4) sequentially manufacturing a structure plate and a B1 plate structure plate reserved in the range of the unearthed hole of the construction, and integrally finishing the basement.

In some preferred embodiments, the construction method of the double-layer trestle formed by the structural plates at least comprises the following steps:

step (1): excavating the first layer of earthwork to the elevation of 2.5m below the bottom of the B0 board, pouring a cushion layer, erecting a formwork support, constructing the B0 board, uniformly reserving a soil taking hole, after the construction of the B0 board is finished, driving an excavator to the side of the soil taking hole of the B0 board, and allowing an earthwork vehicle to pass through the B0 board;

step (2): excavating the second layer of earthwork to the elevation 2.5m below the B2 plate, transporting the earthwork outside through the hole of the B0 plate, pouring a cushion layer and erecting a formwork support, constructing slopes of the B2 plate and the B2 plate under the B0, and reinforcing a lattice column in the range of a heavy lane between the B0 plate and the B2 plate;

and (3): after the construction of the B2 plate is completed, the excavator drives to the B2 plate soil taking wharf to take soil, the earth moving vehicles pass through the B0 plate and the B2 plate, and the B0 plate is used as a material yard and a large mechanical equipment parking yard.

And (4): excavating the third layer of earthwork to the elevation of 2.5m below the B3 board, transporting the earthwork out of the soil outlet of the B0 board and the B2 board, pouring a cushion layer, erecting a formwork support and constructing a B3 board;

and (5): and excavating the earthwork of the fourth layer to the elevation of the bottom surface of the foundation pit, vertically transporting the earthwork through the excavated openings of the B0, B2 and B3 boards, pouring a cushion layer, binding a bottom plate reinforcing steel bar, and constructing the bottom plate of the basement.

And (6): dismantling the slope ramp of the B2 plate below the B0 plate, building a formwork support on the B2 plate, constructing the B1 plate structure, and stopping using the heavy lane on the B2 plate;

and (7): and (4) sequentially manufacturing a structure plate and a B1 plate structure plate reserved in the range of the unearthed hole of the construction, and integrally finishing the basement.

In some embodiments, the B0 board has several unearthed holes 112 distributed on a small and dense basis.

In some embodiments, the concrete diagonal bracing in the unearthed opening 112 of the B0 slab buries diagonal bracing stress monitoring points 111.

In some embodiments, the B0 board has several heavy lanes 113 disposed thereon; and traffic flow lines 114 are drawn among the multiple heavy lanes 113 according to the principle of a one-way multi-loop line to guide traffic.

In some embodiments, the formwork support in step (1), the formwork support in step (2), the formwork support in step (4), and the formwork support in step (6) all use socket-type disc fastener tool scaffolds.

In some embodiments, the slope of the B2 plate ramp under the B0 plate is 1: (5-10), the width is integral multiple of the space between the lattice columns; concrete anti-collision guardrails are required to be arranged on two sides of the ramp.

In some preferred embodiments, the slope of the B2 plate ramp under the B0 plate is 1: 8, taking the integral multiple of the space between the lattice columns as the width; concrete anti-collision guardrails with the height of 50cm are required to be arranged on two sides of the slope way.

In some embodiments, in the step (2), the lattice column is reinforced by cross bracing of the steel sections, and each span of the steel sections is reinforced in the lane direction within the range of the heavy vehicle lane.

In some embodiments, in the step (3), the size of the earth taking wharf is required to meet the space requirement of the earth taking and loading operation of the excavator, and is determined by simulating the construction process through the BIM technology.

In some embodiments, the B1 plate structure is constructed by a forward construction method after the floor construction is completed, so that the height between the B0 and the B2 plate meets the requirement of the working space of the conventional mechanical equipment.

In some embodiments, the traffic flow lines of the construction vehicles on the B0 plates and the B2 plates are all one-way circular lines, and the traffic flow driving directions of the overlapped parts of the different circular lines are the same.

In some embodiments, the containment stress monitoring system comprises: monitoring vertical stress of the lattice column and monitoring axial stress of a force transfer beam at an unearthed opening.

In some embodiments, the lattice column vertical stress monitoring controls the placement of B0 panel yards and the accumulation of heavy roadway vehicles according to monitored data; and monitoring the axial stress of the unearthed tunnel entrance force transfer beam, and evaluating the safety of the enclosure system according to monitoring data.

In some embodiments, the traffic management system includes traffic signal management and people-vehicle separation management.

In some embodiments, the traffic signal management requires that a traffic guide board, a zebra crossing and a traffic signal lamp are arranged at the road junctions of the B0 board and the B2 board, and a guide line is drawn for each lane; and the man-vehicle flow distribution management requires that a rigid isolation belt is erected between a sidewalk and a roadway by using a shaped fence.

The double-layer trestle type reverse construction method construction process can be applied to all reverse construction projects with more than four layers.

The experimental methods without specifying specific conditions in the following examples were selected according to the conventional methods and conditions, or according to the commercial instructions. The reagents and starting materials used in the present invention are commercially available.

Example 1

A double-layer trestle type reverse construction method construction process comprises a double-layer trestle formed by structural plates, an enclosure stress monitoring system and a traffic management system. An example of the technique is as follows: hangzhou XiaoA three-phase project traffic center project of a mountain airport, wherein the single-layer area of a foundation pit in a C1 area is 4.1 ten thousand meters²And 4 layers of underground structures with the excavation depth of 18.9m are constructed by adopting a semi-reverse construction method. The double-layer trestle type inverse construction technology is adopted in the foundation pit construction stage.

The construction method for forming the double-layer trestle by the structural plates at least comprises the following steps: step (1): excavating a first layer of earthwork to an elevation below the bottom of the B0 board, pouring a cushion layer, erecting a formwork support, constructing the B0 board, uniformly reserving soil taking holes, after the construction of the B0 board is finished, driving an excavator to the side of the soil taking hole of the B0 board, and allowing an earthwork vehicle to pass through the B0 board; step (2): excavating a second layer of earthwork to the elevation below the B2 plate, transporting the earthwork outside through an excavated hole of the B0 plate, pouring a cushion layer, building a formwork support, constructing slopes of the B2 plate and the B2 plate below the B0, and reinforcing a lattice column in the range of a heavy roadway between the B0 plate and the B2 plate; and (3): after the construction of the B2 plate is completed, the excavator drives to the B2 plate soil taking wharf to take soil, the earth moving vehicles pass through the B0 plate and the B2 plate, and the B0 plate is used as a material yard and a large mechanical equipment parking yard. And (4): excavating the third layer of earthwork to the elevation of 2.5m below the B3 board, transporting the earthwork out of the soil outlet of the B0 board and the B2 board, pouring a cushion layer, erecting a formwork support and constructing a B3 board; and (5): and excavating the earthwork of the fourth layer to the elevation of the bottom surface of the foundation pit, vertically transporting the earthwork through the excavated openings of the B0, B2 and B3 boards, pouring a cushion layer, binding a bottom plate reinforcing steel bar, and constructing the bottom plate of the basement. And (6): dismantling the slope ramp of the B2 plate below the B0 plate, building a formwork support on the B2 plate, constructing the B1 plate structure, and stopping using the heavy lane on the B2 plate; and (7): and (4) sequentially manufacturing a structure plate and a B1 plate structure plate reserved in the range of the unearthed hole of the construction, and integrally finishing the basement. The slope of the B2 plate under the B0 plate is 1: 8, taking the integral multiple of the space between the lattice columns as the width; concrete anti-collision guardrails with the height of 50cm are required to be arranged on two sides of the slope way.

The B1 plate structure is constructed by a forward method, the elevation of the B0 plate surface is-1.1 m, the elevation of the B2 plate surface is-9.1 m, the height difference between the B0 plate and the B2 plate is 8m, the clear height of the space after the height of the beam is deducted is about 7m, and the operation requirement of conventional mechanical equipment is met.

The B0 board is provided with a plurality of soil outlet holes 112 which are distributed according to the principle of small and dense.

And inclined strut stress monitoring points 111 are embedded in concrete inclined struts in unearthed holes 112 on the B0 board.

A plurality of heavy lanes 113 are arranged on the B0 board; and traffic flow lines 114 are drawn among the multiple heavy lanes 113 according to the principle of a one-way multi-loop line to guide traffic.

The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.