阅读说明：本技术 自热式快速供氢装置 (Self-heating type quick hydrogen supply device ) 是由 王�琦 叶建华 李志念 武媛方 郭秀梅 王树茂 蒋利军 于 2021-06-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提出一种自热式快速供氢装置,具体结构包括储氢罐、储水罐、发热包、保温外壳、水罐阀门、温度计和氢气阀门；储氢罐位于保温外壳的正中间位置,其罐体周围紧贴发热包；储水罐位于保温外壳上方,两者之间的水罐阀门控制水的开闭；温度计紧邻发热包；储氢罐外接氢气阀门控制氢气的开闭。具有发热迅速、操作简单、可重复使用、无环境污染等优势。(The invention provides an self-heating type rapid hydrogen supply device which comprises a hydrogen storage tank, a water storage tank, a heating bag, a heat preservation shell, a water tank valve, a thermometer and a hydrogen valve, wherein the hydrogen storage tank is arranged in the heat preservation shell; the hydrogen storage tank is positioned in the middle of the heat preservation shell, and the periphery of the tank body is tightly attached to the heating bag; the water storage tank is positioned above the heat-insulating shell, and a water tank valve between the water storage tank and the heat-insulating shell controls the opening and closing of water; the thermometer is close to the heating bag; the hydrogen storage tank is externally connected with a hydrogen valve for controlling the opening and closing of hydrogen. Has the advantages of rapid heating, simple operation, repeated use, no environmental pollution and the like.)

1. An automatic heating type rapid hydrogen supply device is characterized in that: comprises a hydrogen storage tank, a water supply tank, a heating bag, a heat preservation shell, a water tank valve, a thermometer and a hydrogen valve.

2. The self-heating type rapid hydrogen supply device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the hydrogen storage tank is positioned in the middle of the heat preservation shell, the periphery of the hydrogen storage tank body is tightly attached to the heating bag, heating agents are filled in the heating bag, the water storage tank is positioned above the heat preservation shell, and a water tank valve between the hydrogen storage tank and the heat preservation shell controls the opening and closing of water, so that the inflow amount of the water is controlled and the heat preservation shell is prevented from expanding; the thermometer is inserted into the heat-insulating shell and is close to the heating bag, and the hydrogen storage tank is externally connected with a hydrogen valve door to control the opening and closing of hydrogen.

3. The self-heating type rapid hydrogen supply device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the tank body of the hydrogen storage tank is made of stainless steel.

4. The self-heating type rapid hydrogen supply device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the hydrogen storage tank is loaded with hydrogen storage alloy powder materials.

5. The self-heating type rapid hydrogen supply device according to claim 4, characterized in that: the material of the hydrogen storage alloy powder is any one or more of titanium AB2 type and AB type, rare earth AB3 and AB5 type, titanium vanadium solid solution, magnesium-based hydrogen storage alloy, coordination hydride, metal nitrogen hydride, ammonia borane and other hydrogen storage materials.

6. The self-heating type rapid hydrogen supply device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the water storage tank is made of a low-heat-conductivity material.

7. The self-heating type rapid hydrogen supply device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the heat-insulating shell adopts a double-layer vacuum heat-insulating structural design or a lining heat-insulating material structure.

8. The self-heating type rapid hydrogen supply device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the outer package of the heating bag is made of non-woven fabrics.

9. The self-heating type rapid hydrogen supply device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the heating bag is filled with calcium oxide heating agent, and the calcium oxide is powdery.

10. The self-heating type rapid hydrogen supply device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the thermometer range is 120 degrees celsius.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of solid hydrogen storage and supply, in particular to an self-heating type rapid hydrogen supply device.

Background

At present, there are three main ways of storing hydrogen that have been put into practical use: gaseous hydrogen storage, liquid hydrogen storage, and solid state hydrogen storage based on metal hydrogen storage alloys. Compared with other hydrogen storage modes, the solid-state hydrogen storage technology has the advantages of high hydrogen storage density, low pressure, good safety, high hydrogen purity and the like, and is an important direction for the development of the hydrogen storage technology. The solid hydrogen storage device is similar to gaseous and liquid hydrogen storage tanks in appearance, but a large amount of hydrogen storage materials are loaded in the tank body of the solid hydrogen storage device, and hydrogen storage is mainly carried out through reversible chemical reaction between the hydrogen storage materials and hydrogen.

Generally, hydrogen storage materials require some amount of heat to be absorbed when hydrogen is released. This also results in a general disadvantage of current state of the art solid state hydrogen storage devices, which require the absorption of large amounts of heat for rapid hydrogen discharge. A heater is usually used to heat a heat-conducting liquid (such as water, silicone oil, etc.), and then the heat-conducting liquid heats the housing of the solid-state hydrogen storage device, so as to realize rapid hydrogen discharge of the hydrogen storage material. This relatively complex set of heating systems greatly affects the portability and ease of use of solid-state hydrogen storage devices, resulting in two problematic issues with fast hydrogen supply devices.

1. Problem of heat source requirement

Hydrogen storage materials commonly used at 1mol H evolution₂When the heat source is used, about 30kJ of heat is needed, and the problems of heat source and heat exchange need to be solved every time the heat source is used. Therefore, in a scenario where rapid hydrogen supply is required, an additional heating device must be carried.

2. Problem of portability of device

Heat sources such as electric heaters and fuel heaters have a large mass and require certain use conditions. If the electric heater is used in rainy days, the fuel heating equipment has certain fire risks. The convenience of use of the hydrogen supply device is affected. The heat-conducting liquid required for heating the hydrogen storage device and the storage container are carried specially, and an additional heat exchanger and a temperature controller are required in the using process, so that the portability of the device is directly influenced.

At present, the solid-state hydrogen storage device rarely considers a scheme with a heat source, for example, in "a carbon-containing composite hydrogen storage alloy and a preparation method thereof, a composite solid-state hydrogen storage tank and a hydrogen storage performance test method" disclosed in CN110788329A, a plurality of powdery carbon materials with good heat conductivity are used, and the carbon materials have good hydrogen discharge performance, but a better hydrogen discharge effect can be achieved by an external heat source. Similar problems exist in other patents such as CN110788330A and CN 110788331A.

The generation mode of the CN110589759A hydrogen is chemical replacement reaction, namely: and water is injected into the reaction tank from the water storage tank, and the water is directly contacted with the hydrogen production raw material in the tank to carry out chemical reaction to generate hydrogen. Such methods have several limitations: 1. the requirement on the purity of water is high; 2. the interior of the reaction tank needs to be cleaned again after each hydrogen production reaction is finished; 3. the hydrogen production reactant cannot be recycled; 4. the generated hydrogen contains impurities such as water vapor, oxygen and the like, and the impurities are required to be removed. The hydrogen production method adopted in CN111244510A is an electrolytic water production method, and has limitations as described above.

Therefore, the environment-friendly self-heating hydrogen supply device which has self-heating capacity and is easy to recycle is provided, high-purity, safe and stable hydrogen is provided for hydrogen equipment under different environments, and good help is provided for use under different environments.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a portable, easy-to-use and environment-friendly self-heating type rapid hydrogen supply device, which can rapidly generate enough heat through the reaction of water (without requiring purity) and a chemical heat generating agent, provide heat source support for hydrogen supply and ensure that the device continuously and stably releases hydrogen. And the replaceable structural design is adopted, so that low-cost repeated use is ensured.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an automatic heating type rapid hydrogen supply device which comprises a hydrogen storage tank, a water supply tank, a heating bag, a heat preservation shell, a water tank valve, a thermometer and a hydrogen valve.

Wherein, the hydrogen storage tank is positioned at the right middle position of the heat preservation shell, the periphery of the hydrogen storage tank body is tightly attached to the heating bag, the heating bag is filled with heating agent, the water storage tank is positioned above the heat preservation shell, and a water tank valve between the hydrogen storage tank and the heat preservation shell controls the opening and closing of water, thereby controlling the inflow amount of the water and preventing the heat preservation shell from expanding; the thermometer is inserted into the heat-insulating shell and is close to the heating bag, and the hydrogen storage tank is externally connected with a hydrogen valve door to control the opening and closing of hydrogen.

Wherein, the tank body of the hydrogen storage tank is made of stainless steel.

The material of the hydrogen storage alloy powder loaded in the hydrogen storage tank can be any one or more of titanium AB2 type and AB type, rare earth AB3 type and AB5 type, titanium vanadium solid solution, magnesium-based hydrogen storage alloy, coordination hydride, metal nitrogen hydride, ammonia borane and other hydrogen storage materials.

The water storage tank is made of low-thermal conductivity materials such as plastics or resin materials, and is preferably made of Teflon materials.

Wherein, the heat preservation shell adopts a double-layer vacuum heat preservation structure design or a lining heat preservation material structure.

Wherein the heating bag is externally wrapped by non-woven fabrics, and is internally filled with calcium oxide heating agent, and the calcium oxide is powdery.

Wherein the measuring range of the thermometer is 120 ℃.

The invention also provides a using method of the self-heating type rapid hydrogen supply device, which comprises the following steps:

when hydrogen is needed, the valve of the water tank is opened, and water is put into the heat preservation shell to be fully contacted with the heating bag. And when the temperature displayed by the thermometer exceeds 60 ℃, opening a hydrogen valve and entering a normal hydrogen supply stage.

The self-heating type rapid hydrogen supply device provided by the invention adopts calcium oxide as a heating agent, and only needs to add a certain amount of water to rapidly generate heat. After the temperature reaches the designated temperature, hydrogen can be rapidly discharged. The detachable structure is adopted, and the water can be recycled after being simply detached and washed. The whole equipment does not need to additionally increase external auxiliary devices such as a heating source, a heat exchange medium and a heat exchanger, and has good convenience.

The invention has the advantages of

The self-heating type rapid hydrogen supply device provided by the invention can rapidly generate heat after a certain amount of water is added. After the temperature reaches the designated temperature, hydrogen can be rapidly discharged. The detachable structure is adopted, and after the hydrogen filling, water supplementing and heating bag is simply detached, the hydrogen filling, water supplementing and heating bag can be repeatedly utilized.

The main advantages of the device are:

(1) the heating reaction is rapid, and stable large-flow hydrogen can be rapidly obtained;

(2) the material purity requirement is relatively low, and the cost is low; non-purified water can be adopted, and water-containing substances such as rainwater, muddy water, sewage, urine and the like can react with the self-heating bag to generate heat; calcium oxide powder in the presence of certain inert impurities;

(3) the whole assembly and disassembly are simple and convenient, and the reuse is easy;

(4) the heating bag in the invention is disposable, and the final product Ca (OH) in the heating reaction₂Can be gradually converted into CaCO in air₃The environmental pollution can not be caused;

(5) after the hydrogen discharge reaction is finished, the hydrogen storage tank can be recharged without replacing the reaction reagent;

(6) the hydrogen storage alloy can be repeatedly used for many times, and the service life of the hydrogen storage alloy reaches thousands of times;

(7) the produced hydrogen has high purity and can be directly supplied to hydrogen-using equipment with high purity hydrogen requirements, such as fuel cells, detection instruments and the like.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the self-heating type rapid hydrogen supply apparatus according to the present invention.

Wherein, 1-a hydrogen storage tank; 2-a water storage tank; 3-heating bag; 4-heat preservation shell; 5-water tank valve; 6-thermometer; 7-hydrogen valve.

Detailed Description

The invention provides a self-heating type rapid hydrogen supply device which comprises a hydrogen storage tank, a water supply tank, a heating bag, a heat preservation shell, a water tank valve, a thermometer and a hydrogen valve.

Wherein, the hydrogen storage tank is positioned at the right middle position of the heat preservation shell, the periphery of the hydrogen storage tank body is tightly attached to the heating bag, the heating bag is filled with heating agent, the water storage tank is positioned above the heat preservation shell, and a water tank valve between the hydrogen storage tank and the heat preservation shell controls the opening and closing of water, thereby controlling the inflow amount of the water and preventing the heat preservation shell from expanding; the thermometer is inserted into the heat-insulating shell and is close to the heating bag, and the hydrogen storage tank is externally connected with a hydrogen valve door to control the opening and closing of hydrogen.

Wherein, the tank body of the hydrogen storage tank is made of stainless steel.

The material of the hydrogen storage alloy powder loaded in the hydrogen storage tank can be any one or more of titanium AB2 type and AB type, rare earth AB3 type and AB5 type, titanium vanadium solid solution, magnesium-based hydrogen storage alloy, coordination hydride, metal nitrogen hydride, ammonia borane and other hydrogen storage materials.

The water storage tank is made of low-thermal conductivity materials such as plastics or resin materials, and is preferably made of Teflon materials.

Wherein, the heat preservation shell adopts a double-layer vacuum heat preservation structure design or a lining heat preservation material structure.

Wherein the heating bag is externally wrapped by non-woven fabrics, and is internally filled with calcium oxide heating agent, and the calcium oxide is powdery.

Wherein the measuring range of the thermometer is 120 ℃.

The invention also provides a using method of the self-heating type rapid hydrogen supply device, which comprises the following steps:

opening a water tank valve, discharging water in the tank into a heat insulation shell, fully contacting with a heating bag, keeping the water tank valve in an open state, and ensuring that redundant hot gas can be smoothly discharged;

secondly, observing the reading of the thermometer, and opening a hydrogen valve when the temperature of the thermometer exceeds 60 ℃;

thirdly, when the temperature indication of the thermometer is lower than 30 ℃ or the hydrogen is exhausted, closing a hydrogen valve;

fourthly, disassembling the device, cleaning each part and storing for next use;

and fifthly, placing the heating bag in the air, completely drying and then discarding.

The self-heating type rapid hydrogen supply device provided by the invention adopts calcium oxide as a heating agent, and only needs to add a certain amount of water to rapidly generate heat. After the temperature reaches the designated temperature, hydrogen can be rapidly discharged. The detachable structure is adopted, and the water can be recycled after being simply detached and washed. The whole equipment does not need to additionally increase external auxiliary devices such as a heating source, a heat exchange medium and a heat exchanger, and has good convenience.

The following embodiments are described in detail to solve the technical problems by applying technical means to the present invention, and the implementation process of achieving the technical effects can be fully understood and implemented.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1, the self-heating type rapid hydrogen supply device provided by the invention comprises a hydrogen storage tank 1, a water supply tank 2, a heating bag 3, a heat preservation shell 4, a water tank valve 5, a thermometer 6 and a hydrogen valve 7. The hydrogen storage tank 2 is positioned at the right middle position of the heat preservation shell 4, the periphery of the hydrogen storage tank 1 is tightly attached to the heating bag 3, the heating bag 3 is filled with heating agent quicklime, the water storage tank 2 is positioned above the heat preservation shell 4, and a water tank valve 5 between the two controls the opening and closing of water, so that the inflow amount of the water is controlled and the heat preservation shell is prevented from expanding; the thermometer 6 is inserted into the heat preservation shell 4 and is close to the heating bag, and the hydrogen storage tank 1 is externally connected with a hydrogen valve 7 to control the opening and closing of hydrogen.

The concrete structure and the using process of each part are as follows:

the structure is as follows:

(1) structure and assembly of hydrogen storage tank

The length of the hydrogen storage tank is 10cm, the inner diameter is 4cm, the wall thickness is 3mm, the inner effective volume is about 120mL, and the hydrogen storage tank is designed to be filled with about 360g of hydrogen storage alloy, so that about 70SL hydrogen supply can be realized.

The hydrogen storage alloy powder contained in the hydrogen storage tank of the embodiment is titanium AB2 type; the hydrogen storage tank is provided with a valve and is placed in the heat-insulating shell.

Structure and assembly of heating bag

Taking 40g of quicklime heating agent, evenly dividing into 4 parts, each part being 10g, filling into 4 non-woven fabric packages, and tightly sealing; 4 heating bags are filled at the density of 1 bag every 90 degrees and are arranged around the hydrogen storage tank.

Structure and assembly of water storage tank

The water storage tank is made of Teflon and has a volume of 100 mL.

The heat preservation shell is double-deck vacuum insulation structure, and internal volume is 500 mL.

The use process comprises the following steps:

opening a water tank valve, discharging water in the tank into the heat-insulating shell, fully contacting with the heating bag, keeping the water tank valve in an open state, and ensuring that redundant hot air can be smoothly discharged;

observing the indication number of the thermometer, and opening a hydrogen valve when the temperature of the thermometer exceeds 60 ℃;

when the thermometer reading is lower than 30 ℃ or the hydrogen is exhausted, closing the hydrogen valve;

disassembling the device, cleaning each part, and storing for the next use;

the heat generating bag is placed in the air, thoroughly dried and discarded.

The device can rapidly release hydrogen in 4-5 minutes under the condition of average hydrogen flow of 15SLPM, and has good rapid hydrogen supply capability.

Example 2

The self-heating type rapid hydrogen supply device which is composed of the same structure as the embodiment 1 is adopted, and the specific structure and the using process of each part are as follows:

the structure is as follows:

structure and assembly of hydrogen storage tank

The length of the hydrogen storage tank is 30cm, the outer diameter is 8cm, the inner effective volume is about 120mL, 3500g of titanium AB2 type hydrogen storage alloy powder is designed to be filled, and about 700SL hydrogen supply can be realized. The hydrogen storage tank is provided with a valve and is arranged in the heat-insulating shell.

Structure and assembly of heating bag

Taking 160g of quicklime heating agent, evenly dividing into 4 parts, each 40g, putting into 4 non-woven fabric bags, and tightly sealing; 4 heating bags are filled at the density of 1 bag every 90 degrees and are arranged around the hydrogen storage tank.

Structure and assembly of water storage tank

The water storage tank is made of Teflon and has a volume of 400 mL.

The heat preservation shell is double-deck vacuum insulation structure, and internal volume is 2500 mL.

The use process comprises the following steps:

opening a water tank valve, discharging water in the tank into the heat-insulating shell, fully contacting with the heating bag, keeping the water tank valve in an open state, and ensuring that redundant hot air can be smoothly discharged;

observing the indication number of the thermometer, and opening a hydrogen valve when the temperature of the thermometer exceeds 60 ℃;

when the thermometer reading is lower than 30 ℃ or the hydrogen is exhausted, closing the hydrogen valve;

the apparatus is disassembled and the various parts are cleaned and stored for the next use.

The heat generating bag is placed in the air, thoroughly dried and discarded.

The device can supply hydrogen rapidly within 7-8 minutes at an average flow rate of 100SLPM, and has good rapid hydrogen supply capacity.

All of the above mentioned intellectual property rights are not intended to be restrictive to other forms of implementing the new and/or new products. Those skilled in the art will take advantage of this important information, and the foregoing will be modified to achieve similar performance. However, all modifications or alterations are based on the new products of the invention and belong to the reserved rights.

The foregoing is directed to preferred embodiments of the present invention, other and further embodiments of the invention may be devised without departing from the basic scope thereof, and the scope thereof is determined by the claims that follow. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.