阅读说明：本技术 一种适用于柔性蒙皮形状重构的方法 (Method suitable for shape reconstruction of flexible skin ) 是由 祝连庆 刘炳峰 董明利 孙广开 何彦霖 李红 庄炜 于 2020-12-08 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种适用于柔性蒙皮形状重构的方法,该方法利用传感点提供的几何信息建立数学模型,应用微分学思想,借助运动坐标系的概念解算出不同传感点的位置坐标,并采用线性插值的方法对不同传感点之间进行位置插值,实现柔性蒙皮结构的重建。(The invention provides a method suitable for reconstructing the shape of a flexible skin, which utilizes geometric information provided by sensing points to establish a mathematical model, applies a differential theory, calculates the position coordinates of different sensing points by means of the concept of a motion coordinate system, and adopts a linear interpolation method to carry out position interpolation between different sensing points so as to realize the reconstruction of the flexible skin structure.)

1. A method for shape reconstruction of a flexible skin, the method comprising the steps of:

step a, packaging the fiber bragg grating sensor on the surface of a skin through an elastic sealant to enable the distances between sensing points to be equal;

b, respectively connecting the fiber bragg grating sensor, the broadband light source and the spectrometer through a coupler interface; the other interface of the coupler is connected with a demodulator, and the other end of the demodulator is connected with upper computer reconstruction software;

c, bending the surface of the skin, drifting the central wavelength of the fiber grating sensor, and calculating the central wavelength drifting amount of the fiber grating sensor under the specific curvature through the demodulator;

d, inputting a group of central wavelength drift data of the demodulator into the upper computer reconstruction software, and generating a section reconstruction curve by the upper computer reconstruction software;

and e, rotating the matrix to establish the relation of each coordinate system according to the motion coordinate system principle. And finally, obtaining absolute coordinate position information of all the sensing points, and fitting a model of the whole curved surface change by an interpolation method to realize the reconstruction and visualization of the flexible intelligent skin of the morphing wing.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the sensing point is denoted as O₁、O₂And O₃And O is₁O₂＝O₂O₃In a coordinate system X as L₁-Z₁In, O₁(0,0) from the geometric relationship, O can be obtained₂In a coordinate system X₁-Z₁In (1/K, sin θ)₁K) and is denoted as (x)₁,z₁) Wherein K represents a curvature, θ₁Representing a rectangular coordinate system X₂-Z₂Rotated to X₁-Z₁The angle of rotation of (c); o is₃In rectangular coordinate system X₁-Z₁Coordinate of (x)₂,z₂) This can be shown as follows:

wherein (x)₂’,z₂') represents O₃In rectangular coordinate system X₂-Z₂Coordinates of (2).

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the elastomeric sealant is GD414, and the elastomeric sealant has a thickness ≦ 1 mm.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of optical fiber devices, and particularly relates to a method suitable for shape reconstruction of a flexible skin.

Background

With the development of aerospace technologies, the application requirements of advanced aircrafts are higher and higher. The self-adaptive aircraft with high maneuverability, stealth performance and excellent flight efficiency is the direction of continuous research and exploration in developed countries in the world at present. The deformable wing technology has attracted extensive attention due to its continuity, large scale and multi-dimensional deformation. The shape of the flexible skin of the morphing wing will directly affect the aerodynamic properties of the aircraft. Therefore, the real-time and effective flexible skin monitoring technology can ensure the variant shape and position precision of the deformed wing, thereby improving the maneuverability, stability and safety of the aircraft in the high-altitude flight state.

The flexible skin is a flexible surface layer structure. The optical fiber has the advantages of small volume, light weight, high response speed, high sensitivity and the like, so that the optical fiber grating sensor can be implanted into the flexible skin of the deformed wing, a multipoint multipath distributed measurement system is realized, physical quantity information such as strain, displacement and the like generated by deformation of the flexible skin is sensed quickly, and real-time monitoring on the deformed wing of the high-speed aircraft is realized.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a method suitable for shape reconstruction of a flexible skin, wherein a fiber grating sensor is implanted into the flexible skin of a deformable wing, so that a multipoint multipath distributed measurement system is realized, and physical quantity information such as strain and displacement generated by deformation of the flexible skin is rapidly sensed, so that real-time monitoring on the deformable wing of a high-speed aircraft is realized, and the applicability of the device is improved.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a method for flexible skin shape reconstruction, the method comprising the steps of: step a, packaging the fiber bragg grating sensor on the surface of a skin through an elastic sealant to enable the distances between sensing points to be equal; b, respectively connecting the fiber bragg grating sensor, the broadband light source and the spectrometer through a coupler interface; the other interface of the coupler is connected with a demodulator, and the other end of the demodulator is connected with upper computer reconstruction software; c, bending the surface of the skin, drifting the central wavelength of the fiber grating sensor, and calculating the central wavelength drifting amount of the fiber grating sensor under the specific curvature through the demodulator; d, inputting a group of central wavelength drift data of the demodulator into the upper computer reconstruction software, and generating a section reconstruction curve by the upper computer reconstruction software; and e, rotating the matrix to establish the relation of each coordinate system according to the motion coordinate system principle. And finally, obtaining absolute coordinate position information of all the sensing points, and fitting a model of the whole curved surface change by an interpolation method to realize the reconstruction and visualization of the flexible intelligent skin of the morphing wing.

Preferably, the sensing point is marked as O₁、O₂And O₃And O is₁O₂＝O₂O₃In a coordinate system X as L₁-Z₁In, O₁(0,0) from the geometric relationship, O can be obtained₂In a coordinate system X₁-Z₁In (1/K, sin θ)₁K) and is denoted as (x)₁,z₁) Wherein K represents a curvature, θ₁Representing a rectangular coordinate system X₂-Z₂Rotated to X₁-Z₁The angle of rotation of (c); o is₃In rectangular coordinate system X₁-Z₁Coordinate of (x)₂,z₂) This can be shown as follows:

wherein (x)₂’,z₂') represents O₃In rectangular coordinate system X₂-Z₂Coordinates of (2).

Preferably, the elastic sealant is GD414, and the thickness of the elastic sealant is less than or equal to 1 mm.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the reconstruction algorithm utilizes geometric information provided by sensing points to establish a mathematical model, applies a differential theory, solves position coordinates of different sensing points by means of the concept of a motion coordinate system, and performs position interpolation between different sensing points by adopting a linear interpolation method to realize the reconstruction of a flexible skin structure;

2. the fiber bragg grating sensor is implanted into the flexible skin of the morphing wing, a multipoint multipath distributed measurement system is realized, physical quantity information such as strain and displacement generated by the deformation of the flexible skin is sensed quickly, and therefore the real-time monitoring of the morphing wing of the high-speed aircraft is realized.

It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the invention, as claimed.

Drawings

Further objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of embodiments of the invention, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a principal schematic of the surface reconstruction of the present invention;

FIG. 2 schematically illustrates a skin sample of the present invention;

FIG. 3 schematically illustrates a schematic representation of the reconstitution experimental method of the present invention;

fig. 4 schematically shows a reconstruction result diagram of the present invention.

In the figure:

1. FBG sensor 2, grating

3. Flexible skin 4, coupler

5. Broadband light source 6 and spectrometer

7. Demodulator 8 and upper computer reconstruction software

Detailed Description

The objects and functions of the present invention and methods for accomplishing the same will be apparent by reference to the exemplary embodiments. However, the present invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments disclosed below; it can be implemented in different forms. The nature of the description is merely to assist those skilled in the relevant art in a comprehensive understanding of the specific details of the invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same or similar parts, or the same or similar steps.

The algorithm is suitable for real-time monitoring of the shape of the flexible skin, and is based on a motion coordinate system, and the shape reconstruction is formed by sensing points.

In order to achieve the above-listed purposes, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the reconstruction algorithm utilizes geometric information provided by sensing points to establish a mathematical model, applies a differential theory, solves position coordinates of different sensing points by means of the concept of a motion coordinate system, and performs position interpolation between different sensing points by adopting a linear interpolation method to realize reconstruction of a flexible skin structure.

The principle of the flexible skin surface reconstruction is shown in fig. 1.

The FBG sensors 1 are uniformly arranged on the flexible skin 3, and the distances between the sensing points are equal. As shown, O₁，O₂，O₃Is three different sensing points, and O₁O₂＝O₂O₃L. When the flexible skin is bent, the line segments become a combination of a plurality of arcs, and the central angle and the curvature of each arc can be calculated through the drift amount of the wavelength of the fiber grating sensor. In a coordinate system X₁-Z₁In, O₁(0,0) from the geometric relationship, O can be obtained₂The coordinates are (1/K, sin theta/K) and are denoted as (x)₁,z₁). With O₂A rectangular coordinate system is established for the origin of coordinates as shown in the figure, and the same can be used for solving O₃In rectangular coordinate system X₂-Z₂And is noted as (x)₂’,z₂'). Rotation and translation of coordinate system are used in algorithm implementation to obtain O₃In a coordinate system X₁-Z₁Coordinates of (2). The geometrical relationship in the schematic diagram of the curved surface reconstruction can be obtained, and the rotation included angle between the latter coordinate system and the former coordinate system is the central angle of the circular arc of the former coordinate system. Thus, from a rectangular coordinate system X₂-Z₂Rotated to X₁-Z₁The rotation angle of (d) is θ 1. Then O is₃In rectangular coordinate system X₁-Z₁Coordinate of (x)₂,z₂) This can be shown as follows:

in the same way, by analogy, the relation of each coordinate system is established by rotating the matrix according to the principle of the motion coordinate system. And finally, obtaining absolute coordinate position information of all the sensing points, and fitting a model of the whole curved surface change by an interpolation method to realize reconstruction and visualization of the flexible intelligent skin of the morphing wing. A flexible skin style is shown in fig. 2.

The length of the skin sample is 20cm, 4 FBGs are distributed on the material, the sensor interval is 5cm, and the positions 2.5cm, 7.5cm, 12.5cm and 17.5cm from the right side are respectively marked as S1, S2, S3 and S4. And packaging the FBG on the surface of the skin by using GD414 elastic sealant, wherein the thickness of the FBG is less than or equal to 1 mm. The experimental system shown in fig. 3 is adopted, and the curvature reconstruction method is utilized to perform linear reconstruction on the flexible skin.

Light emitted by the broadband light source 5 is incident to the FBG sensor 1 after passing through the coupler 4, the FBG sensor 1 reflects light with the same period as the center wavelength of the FBG sensor 1 to the coupler 4 and transmits the light to the spectrometer 6, and the spectrometer 6 stores the center wavelength of the FBG sensor 1 in real time in an image and numerical mode. When the packaged sensor is bent with a certain curvature, the central wavelength of the FBG sensor can drift, the demodulator is used for recording data again, and the central wavelength drift amount under the specific curvature can be calculated by comparing the original central wavelength. And inputting a group of central wavelength drift data into a reconstruction algorithm to generate a section reconstruction curve. With a radius of curvature of 5.00m^-1For example, the reconstruction results are shown in fig. 4.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the reconstruction algorithm utilizes geometric information provided by sensing points to establish a mathematical model, applies a differential theory, solves position coordinates of different sensing points by means of the concept of a motion coordinate system, and performs position interpolation between different sensing points by adopting a linear interpolation method to realize the reconstruction of a flexible skin structure; the fiber bragg grating sensor is implanted into the flexible skin of the morphing wing, a multipoint multipath distributed measurement system is realized, physical quantity information such as strain and displacement generated by the deformation of the flexible skin is sensed quickly, and therefore the real-time monitoring of the morphing wing of the high-speed aircraft is realized.

Other embodiments of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the invention being indicated by the following claims.