阅读说明：本技术 一种基于光纤光栅传感器的桨叶复杂环境测试系统及测试方法 (Blade complex environment testing system and testing method based on fiber grating sensor ) 是由 王潇 詹祺 李博 夏品奇 于 2020-12-28 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种基于光纤光栅传感器的桨叶复杂环境测试系统及测试方法,该系统及方法通过固定实验台、亚克力水箱、压力传感器、漩涡发生器、加热装置、液氮降温装置、温度监控装置、FBG(FIBER BRAGG GRATING,光纤布拉格光栅)传感器、传感器保护罩、宽带光源发射器、光纤耦合器、光纤光栅波长解调器等简易装置实现控制环境温度、控制桨叶流场、控制桨叶离心力等要素的功能,模拟桨叶在复杂环境条件下的工作场景,测量出其在复杂环境动载荷下的响应特性。该发明具有结构简单,成本低廉,操作方便,可行性高、可操作变量多的优点。在测量方面精度高、准确性好、反应灵敏能有效反应桨叶在工作时的特征。该项发明对直升机的研究具有重要意义。(The invention discloses a blade complex environment testing system and a testing method based on a FIBER BRAGG GRATING sensor, wherein the system and the method realize the functions of controlling the environmental temperature, controlling the flow field of a blade, controlling the centrifugal force of the blade and other elements through simple devices such as a fixed experiment table, an acrylic water tank, a pressure sensor, a vortex generator, a heating device, a liquid nitrogen cooling device, a temperature monitoring device, an FBG (FIBER Bragg GRATING) sensor, a sensor protective cover, a broadband light source emitter, an optical FIBER coupler, a FIBER BRAGG GRATING wavelength demodulator and the like, simulate the working scene of the blade under the complex environmental condition, and measure the response characteristic of the blade under the complex environmental dynamic load. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, convenient operation, high feasibility and more operable variables. The blade has high precision, good accuracy and sensitive response in the aspect of measurement, and can effectively reflect the characteristics of the blade in working. The invention has important significance for the research of helicopters.)

1. The paddle complex environment testing system based on the fiber bragg grating sensor is characterized in that the system structure comprises a water tank testing device and an optical measuring device, wherein the water tank testing device comprises a paddle to be tested, and the water tank testing device is used for simulating the strain of the paddle at different working temperatures and when the temperature changes suddenly based on the adoption of a water tank and a vortex generating device in the water tank; the optical measurement device comprises a broadband light source emitter, an optical fiber coupler and an optical fiber grating wavelength demodulator, and the optical measurement device transmits a broadband light source through an optical fiber and is used for generating a sampling light source required by testing.

2. The system for testing the complex environment of the blade based on the fiber bragg grating sensor is characterized in that the water tank testing device comprises a fixed test bed, a blade fixing clamp, an acrylic water tank and a water tank fixing clamp;

a paddle fixing clamp is arranged on the fixed test bed and used for hanging the paddle to be tested on the fixed test bed;

the paddle is externally provided with an acrylic water tank, and the acrylic water tank is fixed on the paddle through a water tank fixing clamp.

3. The system for testing the complex environment of the blade based on the fiber grating sensor as claimed in claim 2, wherein a vortex generator, a heating device, a liquid nitrogen cooling device and a temperature monitoring device are arranged in the acrylic water tank;

the body of the acrylic water tank comprises a bottom plate, a front panel and a back plate, wherein a vortex generator is integrated on the bottom plate, and the top and the bottom of the front panel are respectively provided with a water inlet and a water outlet; the inside curb plate equidistance of ya keli water tank is vertical places temperature sensor, and the backplate bottom sets up heating and cooling device and reserves the mouth, and positive panel and backplate central authorities have water tank fixation clamp of symmetry, equidistance to reserve the mouth.

4. The system for testing the complex environment of the blade based on the fiber bragg grating sensor as claimed in claim 3, wherein the water tank fixing clamp is a cylinder and is connected to the front side plate and the back side plate of the water tank and the blade;

the water tank fixing clamp is a cylindrical bolt with the top integrated with a pressure sensor, threads matched with the water tank are arranged on the surface of the cylinder, the load applied to the surface of the blade by the fixing clamp is changed by controlling the screwing-out and screwing-in depth, and the load is transmitted to the display through the pressure sensor to be observed in real time and correspondingly adjusted.

5. The system for testing the blade complex environment based on the fiber bragg grating sensor as claimed in any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the optical measurement device comprises a broadband light source emitter, a fiber coupler, a fiber bragg grating wavelength demodulator and an FBG sensor group;

the FBG sensor group is formed by connecting a plurality of FBG sensors in series, the broadband light source output port is connected with the FBG sensor group through optical fibers, the other end of the FBG sensor group is connected with the input port of the optical fiber coupler, and the output port of the optical fiber coupler is connected with the input port of the fiber bragg grating wavelength demodulator.

6. The system for testing the blade complex environment based on the fiber bragg grating sensor as claimed in claim 5, wherein the optical measurement device further comprises a sensor protection cover covering the FBG fiber bragg grating sensor and attached to the surface of the blade for protecting the FBG fiber bragg grating sensor from environmental factors.

7. The fiber grating sensor-based blade complex environment testing method according to claim 2, wherein the testing method comprises the following steps:

s1, before the experiment, the FBG sensor is pasted on the surface of the blade as required, and the sensor protective cover is pasted on the blade to cover the FBG sensor, so that the sensor is prevented from being influenced by external factors;

s2, connecting the FBG sensor with the optical fiber coupler, and connecting the optical fiber coupler with the broadband light source emitter and the fiber bragg grating wavelength demodulator respectively;

s3, connecting the related pipelines of the water tank, the inlet of the liquid nitrogen cooling device and the outlet of the liquid nitrogen cooling device; the water outlet of the water tank and the water inlet of the water tank are respectively and correspondingly connected;

s4, connecting relevant equipment, connecting the temperature monitoring device with an external display, and fixing; connecting a power supply of the heating device, and connecting the vortex generator with an external motor;

s5, the paddle is fixed on the experiment table through the paddle fixing clamp, the water tank is suspended on the paddle through adjusting the pretightening force of the water tank fixing clamp, the centrifugal force borne by the paddle is equivalent through the clamping force of the fixing clamp acted on the paddle by the water tank, so that the required clamping force is calculated according to the required centrifugal force of the experiment, and the load of the water tank fixing clamp is adjusted.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the crossing field of instruments and meters, science and helicopters, in particular to a blade complex environment testing system based on a fiber grating sensor.

Background

The problem of testing the dynamic load of the helicopter blade in a complex environment is always a difficult and miscellaneous disease which puzzles scientists in the relevant field of helicopters, and the invention provides a blade complex environment testing system based on a fiber grating sensor aiming at the problem. In a helicopter blade test experiment, a plurality of test devices such as a wind tunnel experiment device, a vibration test device, a rotating platform and the like are provided.

However, the experimental device can only complete a single control variable experiment, and has large floor area and high use and maintenance cost.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a novel Beidou interface switching device which has the characteristics of high precision, good accuracy, sensitive response and the like and can accurately reflect the strain generated when the paddle is subjected to external load. Has great significance for helicopter research.

The invention relates to a paddle complex environment testing system based on a fiber bragg grating sensor, which structurally comprises a water tank testing device and an optical measuring device, wherein the water tank testing device comprises a paddle to be tested, and is used for simulating the strain of the paddle at different working temperatures and when the temperature changes suddenly based on the adoption of a water tank and a vortex generating device in the water tank; the optical measuring device comprises a broadband light source emitter, an optical fiber coupler and an optical fiber grating wavelength demodulator, and is used for generating a sampling light source required by testing.

Further, the water tank testing device comprises a fixed test bed, a blade fixing clamp, an acrylic water tank and a water tank fixing clamp;

a paddle fixing clamp is arranged on the fixed test bed and used for hanging the paddle to be tested on the fixed test bed;

the paddle is externally provided with an acrylic water tank, and the acrylic water tank is fixed on the paddle through a water tank fixing clamp.

Further, a vortex generator, a heating device, a liquid nitrogen cooling device and a temperature monitoring device are arranged in the acrylic water tank;

the body of the acrylic water tank comprises a bottom plate, a side plate and a back plate, wherein a vortex generator is integrated on the bottom plate, and the top and the bottom of the side plate are respectively provided with a water inlet and a water outlet; the inside curb plate equidistance of ya keli water tank is vertical places temperature sensor, and the backplate bottom sets up heating and cooling device and reserves the mouth, and positive panel and backplate central authorities have water tank fixation clamp of symmetry, equidistance to reserve the mouth.

Furthermore, the water tank fixing clamp is a cylinder and is connected to the front side plate, the back side plate and the paddle;

the water tank fixing clamp is a cylindrical bolt with the top integrated with a pressure sensor, threads matched with the water tank are arranged on the surface of the cylinder, the load applied to the surface of the blade by the fixing clamp can be changed by controlling the screwing-out and screwing-in depth, and the load is transmitted to the display through the pressure sensor and can be observed in real time and correspondingly adjusted. 5 water tank fixation clamps are placed to the symmetry on the positive and negative face of water tank, provide stable and the clamping-force of variation in size according to the demand in the paddle different positions and come the water tank to hang on the paddle.

Furthermore, the optical measuring device comprises a broadband light source emitter, an optical fiber coupler, an optical fiber grating wavelength demodulator and an FBG sensor group;

the FBG (FIBER Bragg Grating) sensor group is formed by connecting a plurality of FBG sensors in series, a broadband light source output port is connected with the FBG sensor group through optical FIBERs, the other end of the FBG sensor group is connected with any input port of an optical FIBER coupler, and an optical FIBER coupler output port is connected with an input port of an optical FIBER GRATING wavelength demodulator. The output ports of the optical fiber coupler need to be connected in sequence according to the rule that the output ports of the optical fiber coupler are fully connected from left to right in a first row and then connected with a second row.

As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the optical measurement device further comprises a sensor protection cover covering on the FBG fiber grating sensor and attached to the surface of the blade for protecting the FBG fiber grating sensor from being affected by environmental factors.

The application also provides a blade complex environment testing method of the system, which comprises the following steps:

s1, before the experiment, the FBG sensor is pasted on the surface of the blade as required, and the sensor protective cover is pasted on the blade to cover the FBG sensor, so that the sensor is prevented from being influenced by external factors;

s2, connecting the FBG sensor with the optical fiber coupler, and connecting the optical fiber coupler with the broadband light source emitter and the fiber bragg grating wavelength demodulator respectively;

s3, connecting the related pipelines of the water tank, the inlet of the liquid nitrogen cooling device and the outlet of the liquid nitrogen cooling device; the water outlet of the water tank and the water inlet of the water tank are respectively and correspondingly connected;

s4, connecting relevant equipment, connecting the temperature monitoring device with an external display, and installing and fixing the temperature monitoring device at the position shown in the figure 2; connecting a power supply of the heating device, and connecting the vortex generator with an external motor;

s5, the paddle is fixed on the experiment table through the paddle fixing clamp, the water tank is suspended on the paddle through adjusting the pretightening force of the water tank fixing clamp, the centrifugal force borne by the paddle is equivalent through the clamping force of the fixing clamp acted on the paddle by the water tank, so that the required clamping force is calculated according to the required centrifugal force of the experiment, and the load of the water tank fixing clamp is adjusted.

Compared with the prior art, the system and the method for testing the complex environment of the blade based on the fiber grating sensor have the following beneficial effects:

1. the blade complex environment testing system based on the fiber grating sensor is simple in structure, low in cost, convenient to operate and free of a wide testing field. The strain of the paddle at different working temperatures and during temperature sudden change can be simulated; the influence of turbulent airflow on the blades can be simulated by water vortex; the influence of centrifugal force generated when the blades rotate on the blades can be simulated. The measurement is carried out by adopting the fiber bragg grating measuring device, the device has the characteristics of high precision, good accuracy, sensitive response, high information acquisition and processing speed and the like, and can accurately reflect the strain generated when the paddle is subjected to the dynamic load. Has great significance for helicopter research.

2. The fiber bragg grating measuring device disclosed by the invention can be used for simultaneously carrying out multipoint sampling, increasing the information acquisition and processing speed by utilizing a wavelength division multiplexing technology and overcoming a cross sensitivity effect, and can be used for respectively outputting the strain measured at a plurality of different points, so that the experimental data can be conveniently observed, and the response characteristics of different positions of the blade to the dynamic load can be researched.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the present invention will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without inventive labor.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the experimental apparatus according to the present invention;

in the figure: 1. the test system comprises a fixed experiment table, 2, a blade fixing clamp, 3, an inlet of a liquid nitrogen cooling device, 4, a blade to be tested, 5, a water tank water outlet, 6, an acrylic water tank, 7, a water tank water inlet, 8, a water tank fixing clamp, 9, an outlet of the liquid nitrogen cooling device and 10, a blade driving motor, wherein the fixed experiment table is fixed on the fixed experiment table;

FIG. 2 is an internal view of an acrylic water tank;

in the figure: 12. a heating device, 11, a vortex generator, 13, a temperature monitoring device;

FIG. 3 is a diagram of an optical measuring device;

in the figure: 14. the broadband optical fiber coupler comprises a broadband light source emitter, 15 optical fiber couplers, 16 optical fiber grating wavelength demodulators, 17 broadband light source output ports, 18 optical fiber coupler output ports, 19 demodulator input ports, 20 first optical fiber feedback signal input ports, 21 second optical fiber feedback signal input ports;

FIG. 4 is a detail view of the blade fixture;

in the figure: 22. 23, an optical fiber, 23, an FBG fiber bragg grating sensor, 24, a sensor protective cover;

fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

The invention relates to a paddle complex environment testing system based on a fiber bragg grating sensor, which structurally comprises a water tank testing device and an optical measuring device, wherein the water tank testing device comprises a paddle to be tested, and is used for simulating the strain of the paddle at different working temperatures and when the temperature changes suddenly based on the adoption of a water tank and a vortex generating device in the water tank; the optical measuring device comprises a broadband light source emitter, an optical fiber coupler and an optical fiber grating wavelength demodulator, and is used for generating a sampling light source required by testing.

Further, the water tank testing device comprises a fixed test bed, a blade fixing clamp, an acrylic water tank and a water tank fixing clamp;

a paddle fixing clamp is arranged on the fixed test bed and used for hanging the paddle to be tested on the fixed test bed; the paddle fixing frame can move at multiple degrees of freedom and can also be locked at a fixed position, the experimental paddle fixing clamp is arranged on the paddle hanging frame, and the clamping paddle prevents the paddle from shaking due to disturbance.

The paddle is externally provided with an acrylic water tank, and the acrylic water tank is fixed on the paddle through a water tank fixing clamp.

Further, a vortex generator, a heating device, a liquid nitrogen cooling device and a temperature monitoring device are arranged in the acrylic water tank;

the body of the acrylic water tank comprises a bottom plate, a side plate and a back plate, wherein a vortex generator is integrated on the bottom plate, and the top and the bottom of the side plate are respectively provided with a water inlet and a water outlet; the inside curb plate equidistance of ya keli water tank is vertical places temperature sensor, and the backplate bottom sets up heating and cooling device and reserves the mouth, and positive panel and backplate central authorities have water tank fixation clamp of symmetry, equidistance to reserve the mouth.

In this embodiment, the structure of ya keli water tank is as shown in fig. 2, and heating device installs in the water tank, can quick adjustment paddle surrounding environment's temperature. The water inlet of the liquid nitrogen cooling device is positioned at the back of the water tank, and the temperature of the environment around the blades can be quickly adjusted. The vortex generator is arranged at the bottom of the water tank, and can change the rotating speed to manufacture a chaotic flow field environment and accelerate water circulation to ensure uniform temperature in the water tank.

Furthermore, the water tank fixing clamp is a cylindrical body and is connected to the side plate and the paddle;

the joint of the water tank fixing clamp is integrated with a pressure sensor, and stable clamping force with different sizes is provided at different positions of the blade according to requirements to hang the water tank on the blade.

In this embodiment, the water tank fixation clamp is a cylindrical bolt of which the top is integrated with a pressure sensor, the surface of the cylinder is provided with threads matched with the water tank, the load applied to the surface of the blade by the fixation clamp is changed by controlling the screwing-out and screwing-in depth, and the load is transmitted to the display through the pressure sensor, observed in real time and adjusted correspondingly. 5 water tank fixation clamps are placed to the symmetry on the positive and negative face of water tank, provide stable and the clamping-force of variation in size according to the demand in the paddle different positions and come the water tank to hang on the paddle.

Furthermore, the optical measuring device comprises a broadband light source emitter, an optical fiber coupler, an optical fiber grating wavelength demodulator and an FBG sensor group;

the FBG sensor group is formed by connecting a plurality of FBG sensors in series and can return a plurality of groups of signal values at the same time. The broadband light source output port is connected with the FBG sensor group through optical fibers, the other end of the FBG sensor group is connected with any input port of the optical fiber coupler, the output port of the optical fiber coupler is connected with the input port of the fiber bragg grating wavelength demodulator, the broadband light source emitter and the fiber bragg grating wavelength demodulator are connected to the optical fiber coupler, and the broadband light source emitter and the fiber bragg grating wavelength demodulator can process multiple groups of signals simultaneously and overcome the cross-sensitive effect. The output ports of the optical fiber coupler need to be connected in sequence according to the rule that the output ports of the optical fiber coupler are fully connected from left to right in a first row and then connected with a second row.

As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the optical measurement device further comprises a sensor protection cover covering on the FBG fiber grating sensor and attached to the surface of the blade for protecting the FBG fiber grating sensor from being affected by environmental factors.

Example 2

The application also provides a blade complex environment testing method of the system, which comprises the following steps:

s1, before the experiment, the FBG sensor is pasted on the surface of the blade as required, and the sensor protective cover is pasted on the blade to cover the FBG sensor, so that the sensor is prevented from being influenced by external factors;

s2, connecting the FBG sensor with the optical fiber coupler, and connecting the optical fiber coupler with the broadband light source emitter and the fiber bragg grating wavelength demodulator respectively;

s3, connecting the related pipelines of the water tank, the inlet of the liquid nitrogen cooling device and the outlet of the liquid nitrogen cooling device; the water outlet of the water tank and the water inlet of the water tank are respectively and correspondingly connected;

s4, connecting relevant equipment, connecting the temperature monitoring device with an external display, and installing and fixing the temperature monitoring device at the position shown in the figure 2; connecting a power supply of the heating device, and connecting the vortex generator with an external motor;

s5, the paddle is fixed on the experiment table through the paddle fixing clamp, the water tank is suspended on the paddle through adjusting the pretightening force of the 5 water tank fixing clamps, the clamping force applied to the surface of the paddle by the fixing clamps is changed by controlling the screwing-out and screwing-in depth, the centrifugal force applied to the paddle is equivalent to the centrifugal force applied to the paddle through the clamping force of the fixing clamps applied to the paddle by the water tank, and therefore the required applied clamping force is calculated according to the centrifugal force required by the experiment, and the load of the water tank fixing clamps is adjusted.

Note that the tank clamp needs to be clamped at the blade ribs, otherwise blade damage may result.

According to the water injection amount required by actual calculation, the flow field around the paddle can be changed through the vortex generator in an experiment, and the response characteristics of different positions of the paddle to the dynamic load are tested; the temperature monitoring device in fig. 2 can feed back the ambient temperature around the paddle from time to time, and can adjust the heating device and the liquid nitrogen cooling device as required to control the ambient temperature of the paddle so as to meet the experimental requirements.

The invention has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, convenient operation, high feasibility, more operable variables, high information acquisition and processing speed and the like. The strain of the paddle at different working temperatures and during temperature sudden change can be simulated; the influence of turbulent airflow on the blades can be simulated by water vortex; the influence of centrifugal force generated when the blades rotate on the blades can be simulated. The measurement is carried out by adopting the fiber bragg grating measuring device, the device has the characteristics of high precision, good accuracy, sensitive response and the like, and the strain generated when the paddle is subjected to external load can be reflected more accurately. Has great significance for helicopter research.

The above description is only exemplary of the present application and should not be taken as limiting the present application, as any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.