阅读说明：本技术 一种基于滚动磁体的弱多稳态振动发电装置 (Weak multistable vibration power generation device based on rolling magnet ) 是由 王平 王沂峰 何庆 王启航 高天赐 李晨钟 李子涵 于 2020-09-10 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种基于滚动磁体的弱多稳态振动发电装置,包括通过导线依次连接的振动发电装置、整流滤波稳压电路和负载模块；振动发电装置包括矩形截面管、长线圈和径向磁化圆柱磁体；矩形截面管的内部呈矩形截面孔腔的管状结构,其内容置有可沿矩形界面管轴方向自由滚动的径向磁化圆柱磁体；长线圈沿同一方向连续缠绕于矩形截面管的外壁上；矩形截面管的两端分别盖设左端盖和右端盖,且矩形截面管两端分别固定于左连接夹具和右连接夹具上；位于矩形截面管下端的磁铁的左右两端分别固定于左连接夹具和右连接夹具的下部；整流滤波稳压电路包括依次电性连接的单相桥式整流电路、电容滤波电路和并联稳压电路；负载模块包括负载。(The invention discloses a rolling magnet-based weak multistable vibration power generation device, which comprises a vibration power generation device, a rectification filtering voltage stabilizing circuit and a load module, wherein the vibration power generation device, the rectification filtering voltage stabilizing circuit and the load module are sequentially connected through a lead; the vibration power generation device comprises a rectangular section tube, a long coil and a radial magnetized cylindrical magnet; the interior of the rectangular section pipe is of a tubular structure with a rectangular section hole cavity, and a radial magnetized cylindrical magnet which can freely roll along the direction of a rectangular interface pipe shaft is contained in the rectangular section pipe; the long coil is continuously wound on the outer wall of the rectangular section tube along the same direction; the two ends of the rectangular section pipe are respectively covered with a left end cover and a right end cover, and the two ends of the rectangular section pipe are respectively fixed on the left connecting clamp and the right connecting clamp; the left end and the right end of the magnet positioned at the lower end of the rectangular section pipe are respectively fixed at the lower parts of the left connecting clamp and the right connecting clamp; the rectification filtering voltage stabilizing circuit comprises a single-phase bridge rectification circuit, a capacitor filtering circuit and a parallel voltage stabilizing circuit which are electrically connected in sequence; the load module includes a load.)

1. The utility model provides a weak multistable vibration power generation facility based on rolling magnet which characterized in that: the device comprises a vibration power generation device, a rectification filtering voltage stabilizing circuit and a load module which are sequentially connected through a lead;

the vibration power generation device comprises a rectangular section tube, a long coil and a radial magnetized cylindrical magnet; the interior of the rectangular cross-section pipe is of a tubular structure with a rectangular cross-section hole cavity, and a radial magnetized cylindrical magnet capable of freely rolling along the direction of a rectangular interface pipe shaft is contained in the rectangular cross-section pipe; the long coils are continuously wound on the outer wall of the rectangular section tube along the same direction; the two ends of the rectangular section pipe are respectively covered with a left end cover and a right end cover, and the two ends of the rectangular section pipe are respectively fixed on the left connecting clamp and the right connecting clamp; the left end and the right end of the magnet positioned at the lower end of the rectangular section pipe are respectively fixed at the lower parts of the left connecting clamp and the right connecting clamp;

the rectification filtering voltage stabilizing circuit comprises a single-phase bridge rectification circuit, a capacitor filtering circuit and a parallel voltage stabilizing circuit which are electrically connected in sequence; the load module includes a load.

2. A rolling magnet based weak multistable vibration power plant according to claim 1 characterised in that: and the upper parts of the left connecting clamp and the right connecting clamp are respectively fixed at the positions of the left end and the right end of the rectangular section pipe, which are connected with the proximal end parts.

3. A rolling magnet based weak multistable vibration power plant according to claim 1 characterised in that: and the bottom supporting positions of the left connecting clamp and the right connecting clamp are fixed on the vibrating body.

4. A rolling magnet based weak multistable vibration power plant according to claim 1 characterised in that: the single-phase bridge rectifier circuit comprises four diodes connected through a lead.

5. A rolling magnet based weak multistable vibration power plant according to claim 1 characterised in that: the capacitance filter circuit comprises a capacitor arranged in parallel with the load.

6. A rolling magnet based weak multistable vibration power plant according to claim 1 characterised in that: the parallel voltage stabilizing circuit comprises a protective resistor and a voltage stabilizing diode, and the voltage stabilizing diode is connected with the load in an inverse parallel mode.

7. A rolling magnet based weak multistable vibration power plant according to claim 6 where: the protection resistor is connected in series with a parallel circuit consisting of a voltage stabilizing diode and a load.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of power generation devices, and particularly relates to a weak multistable vibration power generation device based on a rolling magnet.

Background

In recent years, environmental energy collection technology has attracted extensive research interest in order to protect the environment, reduce the pollution of waste batteries, and reduce the cost for replacing equipment batteries regularly. Environmental energy collection is of great significance in clean production and improvement of energy utilization efficiency. The available energy sources in the present environment mainly comprise solar energy, wind energy, water energy, heat energy, mechanical energy and the like. Among the available environmental energy sources, the mechanical vibration energy is an ideal energy source except for the energy sources with mature development technologies such as solar energy, wind energy and water energy. The phenomenon of mechanical vibration is very common in life, the energy density is high, and the method is not limited by weather and geographical environment, so the vibration energy collecting technology has wide prospect in solving the problem that human beings cannot reach areas, particularly the electricity consumption problem of sensing and communication equipment in areas (such as tunnels) with limited solar energy and wind energy.

Vibrations such as rail, bridge vibrations, human body movements, water flow excitation, etc. caused by train passage can all be used for energy collection. The energy conversion mechanisms mainly used in the current vibration energy harvesting device design include: electromagnetic induction, piezoelectric effect, electrostatic induction, triboelectrification and the like. The electromagnetic vibration power generation principle is that the magnetic flux inside a coil is changed due to the relative motion of the coil and a magnet in the vibration process, induced electromotive force is generated at two ends of the coil, and mechanical vibration energy is converted into electric energy. Common mechanical vibration energy collecting devices can be roughly divided into two types according to the structural form, one is a resonant type, as shown in fig. 5(a), that is, the inertia force in the vibration is utilized to drive the relative motion of the magnet and the coil, and the current is generated in the closed circuit; the other is mechanical (a rack and a gear are combined, as shown in fig. 5 (b)), that is, the rack and the gear are driven to move relatively by using the relative displacement between the objects in the vibration process, so that the linear motion of the rack is converted into the rotary motion of the gear, and further the motor is driven to convert the mechanical energy into the electric energy. The piezoelectric vibration energy collecting device utilizes the mechanical deformation of a piezoelectric material in the vibration process, the surface of the two ends of the piezoelectric body generates potential difference, and current is formed in a closed circuit. Piezoelectric materials have found widespread use in smart structural design due to their inherent electromechanical coupling characteristics. At present, the most common form of the piezoelectric vibration generating device is a cantilever beam structure. The electrostatic power generation device is generally composed of a positive electrode plate, a negative electrode plate, a load circuit and an electrostatic shielding cavity. In the vibration process, the two polar plates move relatively, so that the capacitance between the two substrates is changed, the charge between the two polar plates is redistributed, and current is formed in an external load circuit connected with the two electrodes. The intrinsic friction generation mode is that charge transfer is generated in the contact process of materials by utilizing the difference of charge constraint capacities of different materials, and then current is formed in an external circuit. The friction type vibration generating set utilizes vibration to drive the material pole plate to repeatedly contact and separate, and realizes continuous current output in a load circuit. The friction type vibration power generation devices reported at present include a contact separation type, a sliding type, a single electrode type, a free floating type, and the like.

With the development of MEMS (micro electro mechanical system) and nanotechnology, the electrostatic induction and triboelectric effect have wide prospects in the development of micro vibration power generation devices. However, the two vibration power generation forms have high requirements on materials, processing technologies and working environments, and the generated energy is difficult to meet the power utilization requirements of most of the existing equipment, and is mainly in the research stage at present. The piezoelectric vibration power generation device has a simple structure and higher sensitivity, and generates larger voltage output under smaller vibration excitation. However, since piezoelectric materials generally have large internal resistance, which limits the improvement of energy conversion efficiency, they are mostly used for sensor design at present. Compared with piezoelectric type, electrostatic type and friction type, the electromagnetic type vibration generating device has a relatively large volume, but can generate larger current under the same excitation, which also means that more power is used for loading electric equipment. In addition, the electromagnetic vibration energy collecting device has low requirements on materials and processing technology, so that the electromagnetic vibration energy collecting device has a practical prospect.

The existing electromagnetic vibration power generation devices are mainly divided into a resonant type and a mechanical type (a rack and a gear combination). Because of simple structure and clear principle, the resonant vibration power generation device is the earliest proposed electromagnetic vibration power generation device, such as patents CN 103733487B and CN 104600949B. Resonant vibration generators typically require spring elements to connect the vibrator to the base frame and produce a large power output only when excited near the resonant frequency of the vibrator. But the ambient vibration is usually variable and will cause a significant drop in output power when the excitation frequency deviates. Therefore, the existing resonant vibration power generation device has poor adaptability to variable frequency vibration. In order to simplify the structural design, the vibrator of the resonant vibration power generation device generally has only one degree of freedom in translation, as in patent CN 109600013B. The vibrator is easy to generate sliding friction with surrounding structures in the vibration process, so that energy dissipation is caused. Because the vibrator has only one translational degree of freedom, a large induced electromotive force can be generated only when the magnet enters and exits from the end position of the coil, and the electromotive force generated when the magnet is in the coil can be partially or completely offset, so that the improvement of the power generation efficiency is influenced.

The mechanical vibration power generation device, such as the patent CN 104863810B, CN 206972452U, needs to be equipped with a rack, a gear, etc., so that the overall structure is relatively complex and there is a certain difficulty in miniaturization. In addition, the mechanical vibration power generation device generally needs larger vibration displacement to normally work, and may not normally work under weak vibration.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to overcoming the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art and providing a rolling magnet based weak steady-state vibration power generation device to solve or improve the above-mentioned problems.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:

a weak multistable vibration power generation device based on a rolling magnet comprises a vibration power generation device, a rectification filtering voltage stabilizing circuit and a load module which are sequentially connected through a lead;

the vibration power generation device comprises a rectangular section tube, a long coil and a radial magnetized cylindrical magnet; the interior of the rectangular section pipe is of a tubular structure with a rectangular section hole cavity, and a radial magnetized cylindrical magnet which can freely roll along the direction of a rectangular interface pipe shaft is contained in the rectangular section pipe; the long coil is continuously wound on the outer wall of the rectangular section tube along the same direction; the two ends of the rectangular section pipe are respectively covered with a left end cover and a right end cover, and the two ends of the rectangular section pipe are respectively fixed on the left connecting clamp and the right connecting clamp; the left end and the right end of the magnet positioned at the lower end of the rectangular section pipe are respectively fixed at the lower parts of the left connecting clamp and the right connecting clamp;

the rectification filtering voltage stabilizing circuit comprises a single-phase bridge rectification circuit, a capacitor filtering circuit and a parallel voltage stabilizing circuit which are electrically connected in sequence; the load module includes a load.

Preferably, upper portions of the left and right attaching jigs are fixed to positions of the left and right both ends of the rectangular-section tube at the proximal end portions, respectively.

Preferably, the bottom supporting positions of the left connecting clamp and the right connecting clamp are fixed on the vibrating body.

Preferably, the single-phase bridge rectifier circuit comprises four diodes connected by wires.

Preferably, the capacitive filter circuit comprises a capacitor arranged in parallel with the load.

Preferably, the parallel type voltage stabilizing circuit comprises a protective resistor and a voltage stabilizing diode, and the voltage stabilizing diode is connected with the load in an anti-parallel mode.

Preferably, the protection resistor is connected in series to a parallel circuit consisting of the zener diode and the load.

The weak multistable vibration power generation device based on the rolling magnet has the following beneficial effects:

the rolling radial magnetized cylindrical magnet is adopted as the vibrator, and the elastic connecting element between the vibrator and an external structure is eliminated, so that the structure is simpler; higher magnetic induction linear cutting rate and higher output voltage can be obtained compared with a sliding magnet vibration power generation device, and rolling resistance is smaller compared with sliding; meanwhile, the lower magnet and the cylindrical magnet are matched to form a multi-stable potential energy structure, and the multi-stable state can be realized without a complex external magnet array structure.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of a rolling magnet based weak multistable vibration power generation device.

Fig. 2 is a front view of a structure of a rolling magnet based weak steady vibration power generation device and a sectional view at a-a.

Fig. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a rectifying, filtering and voltage stabilizing circuit and a load module of the rolling magnet based weak multistable vibration power generation device.

Fig. 4 is a diagram of a nonlinear restoring force and corresponding multi-well potential energy structure of a rolling magnet based weak multistable vibration power generation device.

Fig. 5 is a typical structural schematic of an electromagnetic vibration power generation device of a weak multistable vibration power generation device based on a rolling magnet, wherein, (a) the vibration power generation device of a resonance type is shown; (b) mechanical vibration power generation device.

01, a vibration power generation device; 02. a rectification filtering voltage stabilizing circuit; 03. a load module; 10. a rectangular cross-section tube; 20. a long coil; 30. radially magnetizing the cylindrical magnet; 42. a left end cap; 44. a right end cap; 52. A left connecting clamp; 54. a right connecting clamp; 60. a bottom magnet; 72. 74, 76, 78 are diodes; 80. a capacitor; 90. a protection resistor; 100. and a voltage regulator diode.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided to facilitate the understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined and defined in the appended claims, and all matters produced by the invention using the inventive concept are protected.

According to one embodiment of the application, referring to fig. 1-3, the rolling magnet based weak multistable vibration power generation device of the scheme comprises a vibration power generation device 01, a rectification filter voltage stabilizing circuit 02 and a load module 03 which are sequentially connected through a lead.

The vibration power generation device 01 is used for collecting vibration energy; the rectifying, filtering and voltage stabilizing circuit 02 is mainly used for rectifying and filtering alternating current generated by the vibration power generation device 01 and outputting the alternating current as relatively stable voltage; and the load module 03, through which the direct current processed by the rectification, filtering and voltage stabilizing circuit 02 flows, applies work to the outside.

The vibration generating device 01 includes a rectangular cross section, a long coil 20, a radially magnetized cylindrical magnet, a left end cap 42, a right end cap 44, a left attaching jig 52, a right attaching jig 54, and a bottom magnet 60.

The connection relationship among the above-mentioned parts is:

the inside of the rectangular section pipe 10 is a tubular structure with a rectangular section hole cavity, so that structural support is provided for the whole vibration power generation device 01, and the surface of the bottom cavity wall of the rectangular section pipe 10 cavity is roughened to avoid relative sliding between the cylindrical magnet and the bottom cavity wall. A radial magnetized cylindrical magnet 30 which can freely roll along the direction of the rectangular interface tube axis is accommodated in the magnetic-field-generating device; the long coils 20 are continuously wound on the outer wall of the rectangular-section tube 10 in the same direction.

The rectangular cross-section tube 10 is capped at both ends with a left end cap 42 and a right end cap 44, respectively, to prevent the radially magnetized cylindrical magnet 30 from rolling out of both ends of the rectangular cross-section tube 10 during vibration.

And both ends of the rectangular section pipe 10 are respectively fixed on the left connecting clamp 52 and the right connecting clamp 54; the left and right ends of the magnet at the lower end of the rectangular-section tube 10 are fixed to the lower portions of the left and right attaching jigs 52 and 54, respectively, to ensure that the lower magnet moves together with the overall structure.

The rectification filtering voltage stabilizing circuit 02 comprises a single-phase bridge rectification circuit, a capacitor filtering circuit and a parallel voltage stabilizing circuit which are electrically connected in sequence.

The single-phase bridge rectifier circuit is formed by connecting common diodes 72, 74, 76 and 78 through leads and is used for converting alternating current into pulse direct current.

The capacitor 80 is connected in parallel with the load circuit to form a capacitor filter circuit, so that the filter function is realized based on the characteristic that the end voltage cannot suddenly change when the capacitor is charged and discharged, and the ripple coefficient of the pulse direct current is reduced.

The parallel voltage stabilizing circuit consists of a protective resistor 90 and a voltage stabilizing diode 100 and is used for keeping the direct-current voltage after rectification and filtration stable. The zener diode 100 is connected in reverse parallel with the load, and stabilizes the voltage across the load by using the characteristic that the end part of the zener diode is not changed in the reverse breakdown and is not damaged by the reverse breakdown. The protection resistor 90 is connected in series to the parallel circuit of the zener diode 100 and the load to protect the zener diode 100 from being damaged by excessive current when the zener diode breaks down.

The load module 03 is a common low-power consumption device, such as an acceleration sensor, a wireless data transmission device, and the like.

The invention cancels the elastic connection unit between the vibrator and the foundation and simplifies the structure. The radial magnetized cylindrical magnet 30 has rotational freedom in the rolling process besides translational motion, and compared with a magnet with simple translational motion, the radial magnetized cylindrical magnet can obviously improve the change rate of a magnetic field and obtain higher voltage output. The rotation of the magnetic field of the cylindrical magnet in the rolling process ensures that the induced electromotive forces generated by the coils at different positions cannot be mutually offset, and the magnet still can generate higher voltage output even in the long coil 20. Rolling occurs with less excitation and less mechanical energy loss than sliding. The interaction between the rotating magnetic field of the rolling magnet and the bottom magnet 60 is utilized to provide nonlinear restoring force for the cylindrical magnet, and a multi-well potential energy structure is formed, so that the vibrator can generate multi-stable-state vibration, and the response frequency band of the system is remarkably widened.

The present invention uses the rolling radial magnetized cylindrical magnet 30 as the vibrator, and the elastic connection element between the vibrator and the external structure is eliminated, so that the structure is simpler. The radial magnetized cylindrical magnet 30 has rotational freedom in addition to motion in the rolling process, and compared with a magnet which is purely translated, the radial magnetized cylindrical magnet can obviously improve the change rate of a magnetic field and obtain higher voltage output. Rolling occurs with less excitation and less mechanical resistance than sliding.

A long coil 20 is used to match the radially magnetized cylindrical magnet 30 rolling magnet. The conventional vibration generating device 01 based on sliding magnet, as in patent CN109600013B, generates a large voltage output only when the magnet moves to the end position of the coil, and once inside the coil, the electromotive force is cancelled. However, the radially magnetized cylindrical magnet of the present invention generates a rotational motion in its own magnetic field during rolling, which makes the electromotive force generated by the magnet even inside the coil not be cancelled, thereby facilitating to continuously obtain a higher voltage output.

By utilizing the rotation characteristic of the magnetic field of the radial magnetized cylindrical magnet 30 and the stable magnetic field of the bottom magnet 60, the multi-stable vibration of the cylindrical magnet can be realized, and the response frequency band of the system can be remarkably widened. The rolling magnetic field of the radially magnetized cylindrical magnet 30 interacts with the bottom magnet 60 to provide a non-linear restoring force to the cylindrical magnet, as shown in fig. 4 (a). The nonlinear restoring force generated by the magnetic force can result in a multi-well potential energy structure as shown in fig. 4 (b). Each potential energy trap corresponds to a stable motion state, and the cylindrical magnet can vibrate in each trap and also can vibrate among the traps, so that multi-stable too-vibration can be realized. The system has rigidity changing along with the position due to the nonlinear restoring force, resonance frequencies corresponding to different rigidities are different, and the response frequency band of the system is remarkably widened due to the changing rigidity.

While the embodiments of the invention have been described in detail in connection with the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art without inventive step within the scope of the appended claims.