阅读说明：本技术 一种柴油机用自燃型火焰进气预热系统 (Self-combustion type flame air inlet preheating system for diesel engine ) 是由 黎一锴 王东方 史中杰 于 2020-12-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种柴油机用自燃型火焰进气预热系统,该进气预热系统的燃料储存箱中存储有自燃燃料,并通过燃料输送管路与双油路喷油器的一个通道连通；燃料输送管路中安装有用于将燃料储存箱中的自燃燃料泵送到双油路喷油器的燃料泵送装置；氧化剂储存箱中存储有强氧化剂,并通过氧化剂输送管路与双油路喷油器的另一个通道连通；氧化剂输送管路中安装有用于将氧化剂储存箱中的强氧化剂泵送到双油路喷油器的氧化剂泵送装置；双油路喷油器固定安装于柴油机的进气管路,并通过继电器与控制单元连接；控制单元用于控制双油路喷油器的开关。上述进气预热系统能够保证柴油机在高寒环境下正常冷起动。(The invention discloses a self-combustion type flame air inlet preheating system for a diesel engine, wherein self-combustion fuel is stored in a fuel storage tank of the air inlet preheating system and is communicated with one channel of a double-oil-way fuel injector through a fuel conveying pipeline; a fuel pumping device for pumping the self-ignition fuel in the fuel storage tank to the double-oil-way fuel injector is arranged in the fuel conveying pipeline; strong oxidant is stored in the oxidant storage tank and is communicated with the other channel of the double-oil-way oil injector through an oxidant conveying pipeline; an oxidant pumping device for pumping the strong oxidant in the oxidant storage tank to the double-oil-way oil injector is arranged in the oxidant conveying pipeline; the double-oil-way oil injector is fixedly arranged on an air inlet pipeline of the diesel engine and is connected with the control unit through a relay; the control unit is used for controlling the switch of the double-oil-way oil injector. The air inlet preheating system can ensure that the diesel engine can be normally and cold started in a severe cold environment.)

1. A self-combustion type flame intake preheating system for a diesel engine is characterized by comprising a fuel storage tank, a fuel conveying pipeline, an oxidant storage tank, an oxidant conveying pipeline, a double-oil-way oil injector and a control unit;

the fuel storage tank is stored with self-ignition fuel and is communicated with one channel of the double-oil-way fuel injector through the fuel conveying pipeline; a fuel pumping device for pumping the self-ignition fuel in the fuel storage tank to the double-oil-way fuel injector is installed in the fuel conveying pipeline;

strong oxidant is stored in the oxidant storage tank and is communicated with the other channel of the double-oil-way oil injector through the oxidant conveying pipeline; an oxidant pumping device for pumping the oxidant in the oxidant storage tank to the double-oil-way oil injector is arranged in the oxidant conveying pipeline;

the double-oil-way oil injector is fixedly arranged on an air inlet pipeline of the diesel engine and is connected with the control unit through a relay;

the control unit is used for controlling the switch of the double-oil-way oil injector.

2. The intake air preheating system according to claim 1, further comprising a fuel pressure control valve and an oxidant pressure control valve;

the fuel pressure control valve is arranged in the fuel conveying pipeline between the fuel pumping device and the double-oil-way fuel injector and is used for controlling the conveying pressure of the self-ignition fuel in the fuel conveying pipeline;

the oxidant pressure control valve is arranged on the oxidant conveying pipeline between the oxidant pumping device and the double-oil-way oil injector and used for controlling the conveying pressure of a strong oxidant in the oxidant conveying pipeline;

the control unit is in signal connection with both the fuel pressure control valve and the oxidant pressure control valve and is used for controlling the fuel pressure control valve and the oxidant pressure control valve.

3. The intake air preheating system according to claim 2, further comprising a first temperature sensor, a first pressure sensor, a second temperature sensor, and a second pressure sensor;

the first temperature sensor and the first pressure sensor are arranged at the front end of the double-oil-way oil injector in the air inlet pipeline and are used for measuring the air inlet temperature and the air inlet pressure in the air inlet pipeline;

the second temperature sensor and the second pressure sensor are arranged at the rear end of the double-oil-way oil injector in the air inlet pipeline and are used for measuring the air inlet temperature and the air inlet pressure after the temperature is raised in the air inlet pipeline;

the control unit is in signal connection with the first temperature sensor, the first pressure sensor, the second temperature sensor and the second pressure sensor, and is used for controlling the dual-oil-path oil injector, the fuel pressure control valve and the oxidant pressure control valve according to the measured intake air temperature and intake air pressure.

4. The intake air preheating system of claim 3, wherein the autoignition fuel is a high energy ionic autoignition liquid, metadimethylhydrazine, or methylhydrazine.

5. The intake air preheating system according to claim 4, wherein the strong oxidizer is high-concentration hydrogen peroxide, red fuming nitric acid, or dinitrogen tetroxide.

6. The intake air preheating system of claim 1, wherein the fuel pumping arrangement and the oxidant pumping arrangement are both oil pumps.

7. The intake air preheating system according to claim 1, wherein the control unit is an ECU.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of cold start auxiliary systems of diesel engines, in particular to a self-combustion type flame intake preheating system for a diesel engine.

Background

In a severe cold environment, because each part of the diesel engine is in a cold state, the fit clearance between each part is larger than that under a conventional working condition, and the air leakage is overlarge in the cold starting process; and because the temperature of the inner wall surface of the cylinder is low, the heat transfer loss is large in the cold starting process of the diesel engine, so that the temperature in the cylinder of the diesel engine is increased by only depending on the compression work of the piston and is difficult to reach the ignition temperature of diesel oil spray, and the cold starting failure of the diesel engine is caused. The problem of cold starting of diesel engines is a major reason limiting their field of application and is also a significant problem faced by armored weaponry. In order to improve the cold starting performance of the diesel engine in a high and cold environment, a preheating system is added at the front section of an intake manifold of the diesel engine, so that an effective solution is provided.

Existing intake air preheating systems include both electric preheating and flame preheating. Relevant researches show that the electric preheating is only suitable for small-cylinder-diameter diesel engines, the heating effect on large-cylinder-diameter diesel engines is obviously insufficient, and the performance of the storage battery is greatly limited in high and cold environments; the other type is a flame preheating system, a small amount of diesel oil is sprayed into an air inlet pipe by a flame preheating device used at present, the flame preheating device is evaporated and atomized after being heated by a heating rod and is ignited by the head of a high-temperature electric heating rod, although the flame preheating system has lower requirements on a storage battery compared with an electric preheating system, and can reasonably regulate and control the injection oil quantity according to the heating requirement, but because the oxygen in the air inlet pipe needs to be consumed by the combustion of the diesel oil, the actual oxygen content entering the cylinder is reduced, and the ignition in the cylinder is not facilitated.

Therefore, the conventional glow plug cannot ensure normal cold start of the diesel engine in a high and cold environment.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the invention provides a self-combustion type flame intake preheating system for a diesel engine, which can solve the problem that the normal cold start of the diesel engine cannot be ensured in a severe cold environment due to high requirement on a storage battery, limited temperature rise and limited oxygen content of the existing intake preheating system.

The invention adopts the following specific technical scheme:

a self-combustion type flame air inlet preheating system for a diesel engine comprises a fuel storage tank, a fuel conveying pipeline, an oxidant storage tank, an oxidant conveying pipeline, a double-oil-way oil injector and a control unit;

the fuel storage tank is stored with self-ignition fuel and is communicated with one channel of the double-oil-way fuel injector through the fuel conveying pipeline; a fuel pumping device for pumping the self-ignition fuel in the fuel storage tank to the double-oil-way fuel injector is installed in the fuel conveying pipeline;

strong oxidant is stored in the oxidant storage tank and is communicated with the other channel of the double-oil-way oil injector through the oxidant conveying pipeline; an oxidant pumping device for pumping the strong oxidant in the oxidant storage tank to the double-oil-way oil injector is arranged in the oxidant conveying pipeline;

the double-oil-way oil injector is fixedly arranged on an air inlet pipeline of the diesel engine and is connected with the control unit through a relay;

the control unit is used for controlling the switch of the double-oil-way oil injector.

Still further, a fuel pressure control valve and an oxidant pressure control valve are included;

the fuel pressure control valve is arranged in the fuel conveying pipeline between the fuel pumping device and the double-oil-way fuel injector and is used for controlling the conveying pressure of the self-ignition fuel in the fuel conveying pipeline;

the oxidant pressure control valve is arranged on the oxidant conveying pipeline between the oxidant pumping device and the double-oil-way oil injector and used for controlling the conveying pressure of a strong oxidant in the oxidant conveying pipeline;

the control unit is in signal connection with both the fuel pressure control valve and the oxidant pressure control valve and is used for controlling the fuel pressure control valve and the oxidant pressure control valve.

Furthermore, the device also comprises a first temperature sensor, a first pressure sensor, a second temperature sensor and a second pressure sensor;

the first temperature sensor and the first pressure sensor are arranged at the front end of the double-oil-way oil injector in the air inlet pipeline and are used for measuring the air inlet temperature and the air inlet pressure in the air inlet pipeline;

the second temperature sensor and the second pressure sensor are arranged at the rear end of the double-oil-way oil injector in the air inlet pipeline and are used for measuring the air inlet temperature and the air inlet pressure after the temperature is raised in the air inlet pipeline;

the control unit is in signal connection with the first temperature sensor, the first pressure sensor, the second temperature sensor and the second pressure sensor, and is used for controlling the dual-oil-path oil injector, the fuel pressure control valve and the oxidant pressure control valve according to the measured intake air temperature and intake air pressure.

Further, the spontaneous combustion fuel is high-energy ionic spontaneous combustion liquid, metadimethylhydrazine or methylhydrazine.

Still further, the strong oxidizing agent is a high concentration of hydrogen peroxide, red fuming nitric acid, or dinitrogen tetroxide.

Still further, the fuel pumping device and the oxidant pumping device are both oil pumps.

Still further, the control unit is an ECU.

Has the advantages that:

the spontaneous combustion type flame air inlet preheating system utilizes the quick reaction combustion heat release characteristic of spontaneous combustion fuel and strong oxidizer to improve the air inlet temperature of the diesel engine in a high and cold environment, does not need a storage battery for power supply, and solves the problem that the air inlet preheating system depends on the storage battery; on the other hand, because of the adoption of the strong oxidant, oxygen is not consumed in the intake heating process, the oxygen content in the intake pipeline is not influenced, and the ignition and combustion of diesel oil spray are promoted after unburned spontaneous combustion fuel, the strong oxidant and active substances generated by reaction enter the cylinder, so that the reliability of cold start of the diesel engine can be ensured.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the self-igniting flame inlet preheat system of the present invention.

The fuel-air-fuel dual-fuel-path fuel injection system comprises a fuel storage tank 1, a fuel delivery pipeline 2, an oxidant storage tank 3, an oxidant delivery pipeline 4, a dual-fuel-path fuel injector 5, a control unit 6, a fuel pumping device 7, an oxidant pumping device 8, an air inlet pipeline 9, an air inlet pipeline 10, a relay 11, a fuel pressure control valve 12, an oxidant pressure control valve 13, a first temperature sensor 14, a first pressure sensor 15, a second temperature sensor 16, a second pressure sensor 17, a flame pressure control valve 12, a fuel-air-fuel dual-path fuel injection system and a fuel-air-fuel dual-path fuel injection system

Detailed Description

The invention is described in detail below by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In the present invention, the alpine environment refers to the situation where the ambient temperature is equal to or lower than-20 ℃, such as: the environment temperature is-20 deg.C, -25 deg.C, -30 deg.C, -35 deg.C, -40 deg.C.

As shown in the structure of fig. 1, the invention provides a self-ignition type flame intake preheating system for a diesel engine, which comprises a fuel storage tank 1, a fuel conveying pipeline 2, an oxidant storage tank 3, an oxidant conveying pipeline 4, a double-oil-way oil injector 5 and a control unit 6; the Control Unit 6 may be an ECU (Electronic Control Unit);

as shown in the structure of fig. 1, the fuel storage tank 1 stores self-ignition fuel and is communicated with one channel of the double-oil-way injector 5 through a fuel conveying pipeline 2; a fuel pumping device 7 for pumping the self-ignition fuel in the fuel storage tank 1 to the dual oil path injector 5 is installed in the fuel delivery pipe 2; the fuel pumping device 7 may be an oil pump, which may be a manual mechanical oil pump or an electric oil pump; the autoignition fuel may be a high energy natural fuel such as: the high-energy ionic spontaneous combustion liquid, the metadimethylhydrazine or the methylhydrazine, and the spontaneous combustion fuel can also be other materials capable of spontaneous combustion, and are not limited to the aforementioned various spontaneous combustion materials;

as shown in the structure of fig. 1, strong oxidant is stored in an oxidant storage tank 3 and is communicated with the other channel of the double-oil-way fuel injector 5 through an oxidant conveying pipeline 4; an oxidant pumping device 8 for pumping the strong oxidant in the oxidant storage tank 3 to the double-oil-way oil injector 5 is arranged in the oxidant conveying pipeline 4; the oxidant pumping device 8 may be an oil pump, which may be a manual mechanical oil pump or an electric oil pump; the strong oxidizing agent may be high-concentration hydrogen peroxide, red fuming nitric acid, or dinitrogen tetroxide, and is not limited to the aforementioned various strong oxidizing agents;

as shown in the structure of fig. 1, the dual-oil-way fuel injector 5 is fixedly installed on an air inlet pipeline 9 of the diesel engine and is connected with the control unit 6 through a relay 10; the control unit 6 is used for controlling the on-off of the double-oil-way fuel injector 5.

When the self-combustion type flame intake preheating system is used for cold start of a diesel engine, self-combustion fuel is conveyed to one channel of the double-oil-way fuel injector 5 through the fuel pumping device 7 and the fuel conveying pipeline 2, strong oxidant is conveyed to the other channel of the double-oil-way fuel injector 5 through the oxidant pumping device 8 and the oxidant conveying pipeline 4, when the control unit 6 controls the two channels of the double-oil-way fuel injector 5 to be opened, the strong oxidant and the self-combustion fuel are sprayed out through the two channels in the double-oil-way fuel injector 5, the strong oxidant and the self-combustion fuel trigger chemical reaction at the front end of the double-oil-way fuel injector 5 and quickly catch fire to release heat, and flame 17 is formed in the, the inlet air in the inlet pipeline 9 is heated for improving the inlet air temperature, and the temperature in the cylinder when the piston is positioned at the compression top dead center can be ensured to reach the spontaneous combustion condition of diesel oil spray through the control unit 6; therefore, the air inlet temperature of the diesel engine in a high and cold environment is improved by utilizing the quick reaction combustion heat release characteristic of the spontaneous combustion fuel and the strong oxidant, the power supply of a storage battery is not needed, and the dependence of an air inlet preheating system on the storage battery is solved; on the other hand, because of the adoption of the strong oxidant, oxygen is not consumed in the intake heating process, the oxygen content in the intake pipeline 9 is not influenced, and the ignition and combustion of diesel oil spray are promoted after unburned spontaneous combustion fuel, the strong oxidant and active substances generated by reaction enter the cylinder, so that the reliability of cold start of the diesel engine can be ensured.

In a specific embodiment, as shown in the structure of fig. 1, the self-combustion type flame intake preheating system further includes a fuel pressure control valve 11 and an oxidant pressure control valve 12; the fuel pressure control valve 11 is installed in the fuel delivery pipeline 2 between the fuel pumping device 7 and the double-oil-way fuel injector 5 and is used for controlling the delivery pressure of the self-ignition fuel in the fuel delivery pipeline 2; the oxidant pressure control valve 12 is installed on the oxidant conveying pipeline 4 between the oxidant pumping device 8 and the double-oil-way oil injector 5 and used for controlling the conveying pressure of the strong oxidant in the oxidant conveying pipeline 4; the control unit 6 is in signal connection with both the fuel pressure control valve 11 and the oxidant pressure control valve 12 for controlling the fuel pressure control valve 11 and the oxidant pressure control valve 12.

The delivery pressure of the self-ignition fuel can be controlled by the fuel pressure control valve 11 installed in the fuel delivery pipe 2, and the delivery pressure of the strong oxidant can be controlled by the oxidant pressure control valve 12 installed in the oxidant delivery pipe 4, so that the injection pressure of the dual oil passage injector 5 can be controlled.

In order to further precisely control the intake air temperature, as shown in the structure of fig. 1, the self-combustion type flame intake air preheating system further comprises a first temperature sensor 13, a first pressure sensor 14, a second temperature sensor 15 and a second pressure sensor 16; a first temperature sensor 13 and a first pressure sensor 14 are installed at the front end of the double-oil-way fuel injector 5 in the air inlet pipeline 9 and used for measuring the air inlet temperature and the air inlet pressure in the air inlet pipeline 9; the second temperature sensor 15 and the second pressure sensor 16 are installed at the rear end of the double-oil-way fuel injector 5 in the air inlet pipeline 9 and used for measuring the air inlet temperature and the air inlet pressure after the temperature is raised in the air inlet pipeline 9; the control unit 6 is in signal connection with a first temperature sensor 13, a first pressure sensor 14, a second temperature sensor 15 and a second pressure sensor 16, and is used for controlling the dual oil path injector 5, the fuel pressure control valve 11 and the oxidant pressure control valve 12 according to the measured intake air temperature and intake air pressure.

In fig. 1, the direction of the arrows is the direction of flow of the intake air in the intake conduit 9, the first temperature sensor 13 is used to measure the intake air temperature of the unheated intake air in the intake conduit 9, and the first pressure sensor 14 is used to measure the intake air pressure of the unheated intake air in the intake conduit 9; a second temperature sensor 15 for measuring the intake air temperature of the intake air after the temperature has been raised by the combustion heating of the self-ignition fuel in the intake pipe 9, and a second pressure sensor 16 for measuring the intake air pressure of the intake air after the temperature has been raised by the combustion heating of the self-ignition fuel in the intake pipe 9; the first temperature sensor 13, the first pressure sensor 14, the second temperature sensor 15 and the second pressure sensor 16 send the measured results to the control unit 6, and the control unit 6 controls the fuel pumping device 7, the oxidant pumping device 8 and the relay 10 according to the intake air temperature and the intake air pressure, so that the injection pressure and the injection amount of the spontaneous combustion fuel and the strong oxidant are controlled, the intake air temperature is accurately controlled, and the in-cylinder temperature when the piston reaches the compression top dead center is ensured to reach the spontaneous combustion condition of diesel spray.

In summary, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.