阅读说明：本技术 一种喷播用绿化纤维覆盖物、绿化纤维及其制备方法 (Green fiber covering material for spray seeding, green fiber and preparation method thereof ) 是由 焦荆风 申新山 冯玲正 于 2020-12-25 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种喷播用绿化纤维覆盖物及其制备方法,包括针叶树材和阔叶树材,针叶树材重量占比为60～70％,阔叶树材的重量占比为30～40％；其中,两种树材中树皮的重量占比小于5％。本发明还公开了一种喷播用绿化纤维。该喷播用绿化纤维覆盖物的目的是解决绿化纤维的生产工艺复杂而导致生产成本较高的问题。(The invention discloses a greening fiber covering for spray seeding and a preparation method thereof, wherein the greening fiber covering comprises coniferous trees and broadleaf trees, the weight proportion of the coniferous trees is 60-70%, and the weight proportion of the broadleaf trees is 30-40%; wherein, the weight ratio of bark in the two trees is less than 5%. The invention also discloses a greening fiber for spray seeding. The purpose of the greening fiber covering for spray seeding is to solve the problem of high production cost caused by complex production process of greening fiber.)

1. The greening fiber covering for spray seeding is characterized by comprising 60-70% of coniferous trees and 30-40% of broadleaf trees by weight; wherein, the weight ratio of bark in the two trees is less than 5%.

2. The greening fiber for spray seeding according to claim 1, wherein the length of the covering of the greening fiber for spray seeding is 15 to 25 mm.

3. The greening fiber for spray seeding is characterized by comprising a water-retaining agent, an adhesive anda greening fiber covering for spray-seeding as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the ratio of the water-retaining agent is 10 to 30g/m²The proportion of the adhesive is 5-15g/m²The proportion of the greening fiber covering for spray seeding is 850-1500g/m²。

4. The spray-seeding greening fiber of claim 3, wherein the adhesive comprises modified starch, cellulosic material and high molecular weight polymer.

5. A method of making a greening fibre covering for spray seeding as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 2, comprising the steps of:

screening the sizes of the broad-leaved wood chips and the coniferous wood chips processed by the chipping machine;

washing the screened wood chips with water;

softening the washed wood chips for a set time by saturated steam at a set temperature;

the softened chips are defibrated.

6. The method for preparing greening fiber for spray seeding according to claim 5, wherein the size screening of the chipper processed hardwood chips and coniferous wood chips specifically comprises the following steps:

chipping broad leaf trees and coniferous trees;

screening the broad leaf wood chips and the coniferous wood chips on a chip screening machine;

and impregnating the chipped hardwood wood chips and the chipped coniferous wood chips with a nitrogen-containing solution.

7. The method for preparing greening fiber for spray seeding according to claim 5, wherein the wood chips after water washing are softened at a set temperature for a set time, specifically:

softening the mixture with 160-180 ℃ saturated steam for 1-2 min.

8. The method for preparing greening fiber for spray seeding according to claim 5, wherein the softened wood chips are subjected to fiber separation, specifically:

the grinding disc clearance during fiber separation is 0.1-0.2 mm.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of spray-seeding ecological restoration engineering, and particularly relates to a greening fiber covering for spray seeding, a greening fiber and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The traditional greening mode is to plant trees and grass artificially, the efficiency is low, the cost is high, the greening mode is difficult to implement in special areas (steep slopes, beside roadbed and the like), and the effect is not satisfactory. The emergence of the greening fiber production technology makes the problems solved, and the greening effect has special ornamental value.

In the 80 s, the western countries began to adopt the spray seeding mode for grass planting and greening; in the 90 s, with the development of such spray-seeding methods, a series of industrial products were produced, including fiber coverings (carriers and coverings for spray-seeding seeds), water-retaining agents (for keeping soil moist), and adhesives (for adhering fiber coverings and seeds to soil). These products have large-scale industrial production enterprises in countries such as the United states, Canada, Japan, and the like, and are currently exported to Europe, southeast Asia, and China. However, the existing greening fiber has complex production process and higher production cost.

In view of the above, those skilled in the art need to provide a covering material of greening fiber for spray seeding, a greening fiber and a preparation method thereof to solve the problem of high production cost caused by complex production process of the greening fiber.

Disclosure of Invention

Technical problem to be solved

The technical problem solved by the invention is that the production cost is higher due to the complex production process of the greening fiber.

(II) technical scheme

The invention provides a greening fiber covering for spray seeding, which comprises 60-70% by weight of coniferous trees and 30-40% by weight of broadleaf trees; wherein, the weight ratio of bark in the two trees is less than 5%.

Furthermore, the length of the greening fiber covering for spray seeding is 15-25 mm.

The invention provides a greening fiber for spray seeding, which comprises a water-retaining agent, an adhesive and the greening fiber covering for spray seeding, wherein the proportion of the water-retaining agent is 10-30g/m²The proportion of the adhesive is 5-15g/m²The proportion of the greening fiber covering for spray seeding is 850-1500g/m²。

Further, the adhesive comprises modified starch, cellulose substances and high molecular polymers.

A third aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing a greening fiber covering for spray seeding as described above, comprising the steps of:

screening the sizes of the broad-leaved wood chips and the coniferous wood chips processed by the chipping machine;

washing the screened wood chips with water;

softening the washed wood chips for a set time by saturated steam at a set temperature;

the softened chips are defibrated.

Further, the size screening of the hardwood wood chips and the softwood wood chips processed by the chipping machine comprises the following steps:

chipping broad leaf trees and coniferous trees;

screening the broad leaf wood chips and the coniferous wood chips on a chip screening machine;

and impregnating the chipped hardwood wood chips and the chipped coniferous wood chips with a nitrogen-containing solution.

Further, the softening of the washed wood chips at a set temperature for a set time specifically comprises:

softening the mixture with 160-180 ℃ saturated steam for 1-2 min.

Further, the fiber separation is performed on the softened wood chips, specifically:

the grinding disc clearance during fiber separation is 0.1-0.2 mm.

(III) advantageous effects

The greening fiber covering for spray seeding comprises 60-70% by weight of coniferous trees and 30-40% by weight of broadleaf trees; wherein, the weight ratio of bark in the two trees is less than 5%. After the wood chips of different species are subjected to fiber separation, the length and the width of the fibers are different, which directly influences the dispersion capacity and the suspension capacity of fiber bundles in the water mixed liquid, and after the wood chips of different species are subjected to fiber separation, the fiber length and the width of the fibers are also different, according to the test, the fiber interweaving performance of needle wood is good, a continuous covering layer can be formed after spray sowing, and the fiber suspension performance and the dispersion performance of broad leaf wood are good.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for preparing a greening fiber covering for spray seeding according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples. The following detailed description of the embodiments and the accompanying drawings are provided to illustrate the principles of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, i.e., the invention is not limited to the embodiments described, but covers any modifications, alterations, and improvements in the parts, components, and connections without departing from the spirit of the invention.

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.

It should be clear that the embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts in the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. The present invention is not limited to the specific steps and structures described above and shown in the drawings. Also, a detailed description of known process techniques is omitted herein for the sake of brevity.

According to a first aspect of the embodiment of the invention, the greening fiber covering for spray seeding is provided, and is characterized by comprising 60-70% of coniferous trees and 30-40% of broadleaf trees by weight; wherein, the weight ratio of bark in the two trees is less than 5%.

In this embodiment, the wood chips of different species are defibrated in different lengths and widths of the fibers, which directly affects the dispersion and suspension ability of the fiber bundles in the aqueous mixture,

after the wood chips of different species are subjected to fiber separation, the fiber length and width distribution of the wood chips are also different, according to the test, the needle-leaved wood has good fiber interweaving property, a continuous covering layer can be formed after spraying, the fiber suspension property and the dispersion property of the broad-leaved wood are good, the bark content directly influences the suspension capacity of the wood fibers and can influence the spraying effect, therefore, when branches of the wood are required to be chipped in the wood fibers, barking is firstly carried out or other methods are adopted to remove barks, and manual barking is adopted during the test.

In some optional embodiments, the length of the greening fiber covering for spray seeding is 15-25 mm.

According to a second aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a greening fiber for spray seeding, comprising a water-retaining agent, an adhesive and the greening fiber covering for spray seeding, wherein the ratio of the water-retaining agent is 10-30g/m²The proportion of the adhesive is 5-15g/m²The proportion of the greening fiber covering for spray seeding is 850-1500g/m²。

In this embodiment, the adhesive is developed according to the use requirement, and the adhesive has the following properties: the adhesive has certain viscosity, strong adhesive force and good film forming property; can be quickly dissolved in cold water; the dispersion in water is good, and the caking is avoided; contains no substances influencing the germination and growth of grass seeds, has no pollution and can be naturally degraded.

In order to meet the use requirements, the adhesive takes modified starch as a main material and is matched with a small amount of cellulose substances and high molecular polymers to increase the lubricating property and the bonding force; in addition, small amounts of auxiliaries, such as: tackifiers, coalescents, and the like. Most of the raw materials used in the method can be directly purchased from the market and can be used after being slightly processed.

The greening fiber for spray seeding has the following advantages:

the water miscibility is good, and the uniform mixed liquid is formed by quick adsorption after water is added;

the dispersibility is good, and after the grass seeds are mixed by adding water, the fiber can be uniformly distributed in the liquid along with the grass seeds;

the suspension property is good, after the water is added for mixing, the fiber carrying the grass seeds can be uniformly suspended in the water mixed solution after stirring; stopping stirring the water mixed solution, standing for 10min, and not generating precipitation and separation;

has no toxicity and no influence on the germination and growth of grass seeds.

The water retention property is good, the grass seeds are kept in a wet state for a long time after spray sowing, and the germination and growth are facilitated;

the indication is good, and the spray-sowing effect can be clearly identified after spray-sowing.

The green fiber (namely wood fiber) added into the spray-seeding greening fiber substrate can form excellent moisture effectiveness and excellent air permeability, is lighter than white peat, has better root system performance, has better technical index than the white peat, and can be packed by 38 percent more than the white peat in each vehicle during transportation.

Adding 50% wood fiber into 0-40mm powdered peat to produce the substrate effect of lump peat, wherein the air permeability reaches 38%, the water content effectiveness reaches 13%, and the water holding capacity reaches 36%; the air capacity of the powdery peat without wood fiber is only 39%, the water efficiency is 8%, but the water holding capacity reaches 53%, so that the water content of the substrate is too high, and the ventilation is seriously insufficient.

50 percent of black peat and 50 percent of wood fiber are mixed, the air permeability can reach 40 percent, the air permeability can be compared favorably with 0-40mm of powdery white peat, the water efficiency is improved to 21 percent compared with the powdery peat, and the water retention is slightly reduced compared with the powdery peat; the black peat without wood fiber has the air permeability of only 20 percent, the water efficiency of 37 percent and the water holding capacity of 83 percent, and the air permeability is seriously insufficient and the water holding capacity is too high, so that the wood fiber has a great effect on improving the physical aspect of the peat.

In some alternative embodiments, the adhesive comprises modified starch, a cellulosic material, and a high molecular weight polymer.

According to a third aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a method for preparing a greening fiber covering for spray seeding as described above, as shown in fig. 1, the method comprising the steps of:

s1, size screening the broad leaf wood chips and the coniferous wood chips processed by the chipping machine;

s2, washing the screened wood chips with water;

s3, softening the washed wood chips for a set time by saturated steam with a set temperature;

and S4, performing fiber separation on the softened wood chips.

In this embodiment, the wood chips are washed with water mainly to remove impurities including metal, sand and dust from the wood chips, so that the service life of the millstone of the defibrator can be prolonged and the production efficiency can be improved. Meanwhile, the water content of the wood chips can be increased by washing the wood chips, and the softening and fiber separation of the wood chips are facilitated.

The purpose of the softening treatment of the wood chips is to facilitate the separation of the fibers, improve the quality of the fibers, reduce the power consumption during the separation of the fibers and shorten the time for the separation of the fibers.

The softening of the wood chips is carried out by adopting saturated steam, and the temperature and the softening time of the steam directly influence the softening effect of the wood chips, thereby influencing the yield of fibers and the power consumption during fiber separation.

According to preliminary examination, the water absorption capacity of the high-power water absorption material produced by the method reaches more than 200g/g (a measuring cylinder method), various performances reach the performances of the same product sold in the market, and the cost is only 1/3 of the product sold in the market.

In some alternative embodiments, in step S1, the chipper processed hardwood chips and softwood chips are subjected to size screening, which specifically includes the following steps:

s101, chipping broad-leaf trees and coniferous trees;

s102, screening broad-leaved tree wood chips and coniferous tree wood chips on a wood chip screening machine;

s103, soaking the chipped broad-leaved wood chips and coniferous wood chips in a nitrogen-containing solution.

In some optional embodiments, in step S3, the washed wood chips are softened at a set temperature for a set time, specifically:

softening the mixture with 160-180 ℃ saturated steam for 1-2 min.

In some alternative embodiments, in step S4, the softened chips are defibrated, specifically:

the grinding disc clearance during fiber separation is 0.1-0.2 mm.

In summary, the greening fiber provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following advantages when used for grass planting and greening:

the planting efficiency is high and can reach 1000m²/A-h；

The seeding uniformity is good, and the unevenness is 10%;

the steep slope sowing can be carried out, the sowing can be carried out when the slope is inclined, and the seeds are prevented from losing after the sowing;

the planting cost is low;

the germination rate of the seeds is high, the survival rate is high, and the germination rate of the effective seeds is 95 percent.

It should be clear that the embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts in the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. The present invention is not limited to the specific steps and structures described above and shown in the drawings. Also, a detailed description of known process techniques is omitted herein for the sake of brevity.

The above are merely examples of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and alterations to this application will become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of this invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.