阅读说明：本技术 汽轮机自启停顺控方法、超超临界汽轮机机组及其方法 (Turbine automatic start-stop sequential control method, ultra-supercritical turbine unit and method thereof ) 是由 包锦华 迟鼎南 黄勇 李刚 于 2020-12-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种汽轮机自启停顺控方法、超超临界汽轮机机组及其方法,包括：汽轮机控制系统自控联锁汽轮机辅助系统,汽轮机控制系统制定启动过程或停机过程的各个运行步骤；汽轮机控制系统自动对当前运行步骤所对应的汽轮机辅助系统发出动作指令,汽轮机辅助系统在接受动作指令之后向汽轮机控制系统反馈当前状态,汽轮机控制系统自动获取并判断汽轮机辅助系统的当前状态是否满足执行下一个运行步骤的前提条件,若满足,则执行下一个运行步骤,直至完成整个启动过程或停机过程。本发明能够通过自启停控制,实现一键启停的控制策略,提高了汽轮机的自动化水平,避免了因人工操作失误而造成的损失,延长了汽轮机的运行寿命。(The invention provides a turbine automatic start-stop sequential control method, an ultra-supercritical turbine unit and a method thereof, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the steam turbine control system automatically interlocks the steam turbine auxiliary system, and sets each operation step of a starting process or a stopping process; the method comprises the steps that a steam turbine control system automatically sends an action instruction to a steam turbine auxiliary system corresponding to a current operation step, the steam turbine auxiliary system feeds back a current state to the steam turbine control system after receiving the action instruction, the steam turbine control system automatically obtains and judges whether the current state of the steam turbine auxiliary system meets a precondition for executing a next operation step, and if yes, the next operation step is executed until the whole starting process or stopping process is completed. The invention can realize a one-key start-stop control strategy through automatic start-stop control, improve the automation level of the steam turbine, avoid the loss caused by manual operation errors and prolong the service life of the steam turbine.)

1. The method for controlling the automatic start and stop sequence of the steam turbine is characterized by comprising the following steps:

based on the operation specification of each operation step of the starting process or the stopping process of the steam turbine, the steam turbine control system automatically controls and interlocks the steam turbine auxiliary system, and the steam turbine control system sets each operation step of the starting process or the stopping process;

in each operation step of the starting process or the stopping process, the steam turbine control system automatically sends an action instruction to the steam turbine auxiliary system corresponding to the current operation step, the steam turbine auxiliary system executes corresponding action after receiving the action instruction and feeds back the current state to the steam turbine control system, the steam turbine control system automatically acquires and judges whether the current state of the steam turbine auxiliary system meets the precondition for executing the next operation step, and if yes, the next operation step is executed until the whole starting process or the stopping process is completed.

2. The turbine automatic start-stop sequence control method according to claim 1, wherein the starting process comprises the steps of:

detecting the metal temperature of a main part of the steam turbine and the steam inlet parameter of the steam, judging whether the metal temperature of the main part is matched with the steam inlet parameter of the steam, and executing the next operation step if the metal temperature of the main part is matched with the steam inlet parameter of the steam;

before and during the flushing, the steam turbine control system preheats the main part to be preheated to a warming-up degree; the turbine control system automatically determines one or more of a ramp rate, a target speed, and a load ramp rate of the turbine based on the thermal stress of the primary component.

3. The turbine automatic start-stop sequence control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the shutdown process includes the steps of:

one or more of a turndown rate, a target speed, and a load reduction of the turbine are automatically determined based on thermal stresses of the main components of the turbine.

4. The turbine automatic start-stop sequence control method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: the main component is one or more of a rotor, a cylinder, a main valve and an adjusting valve.

5. The turbine automatic start-stop sequence control method according to claim 2, characterized in that: and the matching criterion adopted for the metal temperature of the main part and the steam inlet parameter of the steam is the temperature criterion of the digital electro-hydraulic control system of the steam turbine.

6. The turbine automatic start-stop sequence control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the steam turbine auxiliary system is one or more of a lubricating oil system, a control oil system, a drainage system, a steam extraction system and a shaft seal system.

7. An ultra-supercritical steam turbine plant using the turbine automatic start-stop sequence control method according to claim 1, comprising:

the steam extraction device comprises a plurality of cylinders (1), wherein the cylinders (1) are respectively positioned in a high-pressure operation area, a medium-pressure operation area and a low-pressure operation area, rotors (11) are rotatably arranged in the cylinders (1) in a penetrating manner, and steam extraction check valves (12) connected with the cylinders (1) are arranged in the high-pressure operation area and the medium-pressure operation area;

the steam control valve sets (2) correspond to the high-pressure operation area and the medium-pressure operation area one by one, and each steam control valve set (2) comprises a main throttle valve (21) and an adjusting throttle valve (22) positioned at the downstream of the main throttle valve (21);

the steam supply device (3), the steam supply device (3) is connected with the steam control valve group (2) in the high-pressure operation area through a pipeline;

the oil way system comprises a control oil system (5) and a lubricating oil system (6), the control oil system (5) is connected with an oil engine pipeline of the steam control valve bank (2), and the lubricating oil system (6) is communicated with a bearing structure pipeline for supporting the rotor (11);

the drainage system (8), the drainage system (8) is communicated with the high-pressure operation area, the medium-pressure operation area and the low-pressure operation area respectively;

the generator (7), the generator (7) is connected with the rotor (11) located in the low-pressure operation area.

8. The ultra supercritical steam turbine plant according to claim 7, wherein: the ultra-supercritical turbine unit further comprises a condenser (8), and the condenser (8) is respectively communicated with the high-pressure operation area and the low-pressure operation area through pipelines.

9. A method of sequencing the start-up of an ultra supercritical steam turbine plant according to claim 7 or 8, comprising the steps of:

s11, closing the main steam valve (21), the adjusting steam valve (22) and the steam extraction check valve (12);

s12, opening a drainage system (8) and pre-warming a steam inlet pipeline of the steam turbine;

s13, ensuring the normal operation of the turbine auxiliary system;

s14, judging whether the steam quality meets the valve opening standard, if so, executing the next step; the valve opening criteria include: adjusting whether the valve body temperature of the valve (22) is matched with the saturation temperature of the main steam or not;

s15, the steam turbine control system automatically sets the load target value and the load threshold value of the steam turbine;

s16, judging whether the steam quality meets the requirement of a transfer standard, if so, trying the next step; if not, jumping back to step S14; the standard requirements of the impact transfer include: whether the temperature of the rotor (11) is matched with the steam inlet parameter of the steam or not;

s17, opening the adjusting valve (22), and raising the steam turbine to a warming-up rotation speed by the steam turbine control system at a raising rate determined by the steam turbine temperature margin so as to raise the steam turbine to a rated rotation speed;

and S18, completing grid connection of the generator (7), and ending the starting process.

10. Method for the consequent shutdown of a steam turbine plant according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

s21, reducing the load of the steam turbine to zero;

s22, the generator (7) is disconnected from the grid connection, and the steam control valve bank (2) is closed;

s23, detecting whether the oil way system is normal, if so, executing the next step;

s24, cooling the steam control valve group (2);

and S25, opening the water drainage system (8), draining the water of the steam turbine, and ending the shutdown process.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of steam turbine control, in particular to a steam turbine automatic start-stop sequential control method, an ultra-supercritical steam turbine unit and a method thereof.

Background

The automatic start-stop control system of the steam turbine comprises a start process and a stop process. When starting, the steam turbine can be started safely and at a proper time, a high-availability operation state is realized with the shortest starting time, and the steam turbine and all related auxiliary equipment are safely and reliably switched from a stop state to a power generation state, so that the best economic benefit is obtained. When the power generation system is stopped, the steam turbine and all related auxiliary equipment are safely and reliably brought from the power generation state to the fully closed state of the steam turbine valve and then to the turning state.

However, in the existing starting and stopping processes, most of the starting and stopping processes need the intervention of workers, and are realized in a manual mode, so that the operation is complicated, and errors are easy to occur. In addition, the existing steam turbine self-starting technology only considers the control of the steam inlet valve of the steam turbine.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above drawbacks of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a turbine automatic start-stop sequence control method, an ultra-supercritical steam turbine unit and a method thereof, which implement a one-key start-stop control strategy through automatic start-stop control, improve the automation level of the steam turbine, avoid the loss caused by manual operation errors, and prolong the operation life of the steam turbine.

In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a turbine automatic start-stop sequential control method, which comprises the following steps:

based on the operation specification of each operation step of the starting process or the stopping process of the steam turbine, the steam turbine control system automatically controls and interlocks the steam turbine auxiliary system, and the steam turbine control system sets each operation step of the starting process or the stopping process;

in each operation step of the starting process or the stopping process, the steam turbine control system automatically sends an action instruction to the steam turbine auxiliary system corresponding to the current operation step, the steam turbine auxiliary system executes corresponding action after receiving the action instruction and feeds back the current state to the steam turbine control system, the steam turbine control system automatically acquires and judges whether the current state of the steam turbine auxiliary system meets the precondition for executing the next operation step, and if yes, the next operation step is executed until the whole starting process or the stopping process is completed.

Preferably, the start-up procedure comprises the steps of:

detecting the metal temperature of a main part of the steam turbine and the steam inlet parameter of the steam, judging whether the metal temperature of the main part is matched with the steam inlet parameter of the steam, and executing the next operation step if the metal temperature of the main part is matched with the steam inlet parameter of the steam;

before and during the flushing, the steam turbine control system preheats the main part to be preheated to a warming-up degree; the turbine control system automatically determines one or more of a ramp rate, a target speed, and a load ramp rate of the turbine based on the thermal stress of the primary component.

Preferably, the shutdown process comprises the steps of: one or more of a turndown rate, a target speed, and a load reduction of the turbine are automatically determined based on thermal stresses of the main components of the turbine.

Preferably, the main component is one or more of a rotor, a cylinder, a main port and a regulating port.

Preferably, the matching criterion for the metal temperature of the main component and the steam inlet parameter of the steam is the temperature criterion of a digital electro-hydraulic control system of the steam turbine.

Preferably, the turbine auxiliary system is one or more of a lubricating oil system, a control oil system, a water drainage system, a steam extraction system and a shaft seal system.

The invention also provides an ultra-supercritical steam turbine unit adopting the automatic start-stop sequential control method of the steam turbine, which comprises the following steps:

the plurality of cylinders are respectively positioned in the high-pressure operation area, the medium-pressure operation area and the low-pressure operation area, a rotor is rotatably penetrated in each cylinder, and steam extraction check valves connected with the cylinders are arranged in the high-pressure operation area and the medium-pressure operation area;

the steam control valve groups are in one-to-one correspondence with the high-pressure operation area and the medium-pressure operation area and comprise main valves and adjusting valves positioned at the downstream of the main valves;

the steam supply device is connected with a steam control valve set pipeline positioned in a high-pressure operation area;

the oil way system comprises a control oil system and a lubricating oil system, the control oil system is connected with a hydraulic motor pipeline of the steam control valve group, and the lubricating oil system is communicated with a bearing structure pipeline for supporting the rotor;

the drainage system is respectively communicated with the high-pressure operation area, the medium-pressure operation area and the low-pressure operation area through pipelines;

and the generator is connected with the rotor positioned in the low-voltage operation area.

Preferably, the ultra-supercritical steam turbine unit further comprises a condenser, and the condenser is respectively communicated with the high-pressure operation area and the low-pressure operation area through pipelines.

The invention also provides a starting sequence control method of the ultra-supercritical steam turbine unit, which comprises the following steps:

s11, closing the main steam valve, the adjusting steam valve and the steam extraction check valve;

s12, opening a drainage system and pre-warming a steam inlet pipeline of the steam turbine;

s13, ensuring the normal operation of the turbine auxiliary system;

s14, judging whether the steam quality meets the valve opening standard, if so, executing the next step; the valve opening criteria include: adjusting whether the valve body temperature of the valve is matched with the saturation temperature of the main steam or not;

s15, the steam turbine control system automatically sets the load target value and the load threshold value of the steam turbine;

s16, judging whether the steam quality meets the requirement of a transfer standard, if so, trying the next step; if not, jumping back to step S14; the standard requirements of the impact transfer include: whether the temperature of the rotor is matched with the steam inlet parameter of the steam or not;

s17, opening an adjusting valve, and raising the steam turbine to a warming-up rotation speed by the steam turbine control system at a raising rate determined by the steam turbine temperature margin so as to raise the steam turbine to a rated rotation speed;

and S18, completing grid connection of the generator, and ending the starting process.

The invention also provides a shutdown sequence control method of the ultra-supercritical steam turbine unit, which comprises the following steps:

s21, reducing the load of the steam turbine to zero;

s22, removing the grid connection of the generator, and closing the steam control valve group;

s23, detecting whether the oil way system is normal, if so, executing the next step;

s24, cooling the steam control valve group;

and S25, opening a drainage system, draining the steam turbine, and ending the shutdown process.

As described above, the turbine automatic start-stop sequential control method, the ultra-supercritical turbine unit and the method thereof of the present invention have the following beneficial effects: the automatic start-stop sequence control method of the steam turbine can ensure that the steam turbine can be started safely and efficiently in the shortest time when being started, and ensure that the steam turbine and the steam turbine auxiliary system thereof are safely and reliably switched from a stop state to a power generation state, thereby obtaining the best economic benefit; when the turbine is stopped, the turbine is stopped safely and efficiently in the shortest time, and the turbine auxiliary system thereof are safely and reliably switched from the power generation state to the stop state, so that unnecessary loss is reduced. The steam turbine automatic start-stop sequential control method realizes a one-key start-stop control strategy through automatic start-stop control, improves the automation level of the steam turbine, avoids the loss caused by manual operation errors, and prolongs the service life of the steam turbine.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an ultra supercritical steam turbine plant according to the present invention.

Description of the element reference numerals

1 Cylinder

11 rotor

12 steam extraction check valve

2 steam control valve group

21 main valve

22 regulating valve

3 steam supply device

4 reheater

5 control oil system

6 lubricating oil system

7 electric generator

8 drainage system

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure.

It should be understood that the structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the drawings are only used for matching the disclosure of the present disclosure, and are not used for limiting the conditions that the present disclosure can be implemented, so that the present disclosure is not limited to the technical essence, and any structural modifications, ratio changes, or size adjustments should still fall within the scope of the present disclosure without affecting the efficacy and the achievable purpose of the present disclosure. In addition, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" used in the present specification are for clarity of description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and the relative relationship between the terms and the terms is not to be construed as a scope of the present invention.

The invention provides a turbine automatic start-stop sequential control method, which comprises the following steps:

based on the operation specification of each operation step of the starting process or the stopping process of the steam turbine, the steam turbine control system automatically controls and interlocks the steam turbine auxiliary system, and the steam turbine control system sets each operation step of the starting process or the stopping process;

in each operation step of the starting process or the stopping process, the steam turbine control system automatically sends an action instruction to the steam turbine auxiliary system corresponding to the current operation step, the steam turbine auxiliary system executes corresponding action after receiving the action instruction and feeds back the current state to the steam turbine control system, the steam turbine control system automatically acquires and judges whether the current state of the steam turbine auxiliary system meets the precondition for executing the next operation step, and if yes, the next operation step is executed until the whole starting process or the stopping process is completed.

The automatic start-stop sequence control method of the steam turbine can ensure that the steam turbine can be started safely and efficiently in the shortest time when being started, and ensure that the steam turbine and the steam turbine auxiliary system thereof are safely and reliably switched from a stop state to a power generation state, thereby obtaining the best economic benefit; when the turbine is stopped, the turbine is stopped safely and efficiently in the shortest time, and the turbine auxiliary system thereof are safely and reliably switched from the power generation state to the stop state, so that unnecessary loss is reduced. The steam turbine automatic start-stop sequential control method realizes a one-key start-stop control strategy through automatic start-stop control, improves the automation level of the steam turbine, avoids the loss caused by manual operation errors, and prolongs the service life of the steam turbine.

Further, the starting process includes the following steps:

detecting the metal temperature of a main part of the steam turbine and the steam inlet parameter (such as steam inlet temperature) of steam, judging whether the metal temperature of the main part is matched with the steam inlet parameter of the steam, and executing the next operation step if the metal temperature of the main part is matched with the steam inlet parameter of the steam;

before and during the flushing, the steam turbine control system preheats the main part to be preheated to a warming-up degree; the steam turbine control system automatically determines one or more of the speed-up rate, the target rotating speed and the load speed-up rate of the steam turbine based on the thermal stress of the main component; by the operation, the minimum thermal stress of the steam turbine in the starting process can be ensured.

Further, the shutdown process includes the following steps: one or more of a turndown rate, a target speed, and a load reduction of the turbine are automatically determined based on thermal stresses of the main components of the turbine. By the operation, the thermal stress on the steam turbine in the shutdown process can be ensured to be minimum.

The main part is one or more of a rotor, a cylinder, a main valve and an adjusting valve.

The matching criterion adopted for the metal temperature of the main component and the steam inlet parameter of the steam is the temperature criterion of the digital electro-hydraulic control system of the steam turbine, such as the X temperature criterion.

The steam turbine auxiliary system is one or more of a lubricating oil system, a control oil system, a drainage system, a steam extraction system and a shaft seal system.

As shown in fig. 1, the present invention further provides an ultra-supercritical steam turbine unit adopting the turbine automatic start-stop sequential control method, including:

the steam extraction device comprises a plurality of cylinders 1, wherein the cylinders 1 are respectively positioned in a high-pressure operation area (the cylinder 1 positioned in the high-pressure operation area is called as a high-pressure cylinder), a medium-pressure operation area (the cylinder 1 positioned in the medium-pressure operation area is called as a medium-pressure cylinder) and a low-pressure operation area (the cylinder 1 positioned in the low-pressure operation area is called as a low-pressure cylinder), a rotor 11 is rotatably arranged in the cylinders 1 in a penetrating way, and steam extraction check valves 12 connected with the cylinders 1 are respectively arranged in the high-pressure operation area and the medium-;

the steam control valve sets 2 correspond to the high-pressure operation area and the medium-pressure operation area one by one, and each steam control valve set 2 comprises a main valve 21 and an adjusting valve 22 positioned at the downstream of the main valve 21;

the steam supply device 3 is connected with the steam control valve group 2 in a high-pressure operation area through a pipeline;

the oil path system comprises a control oil system 5 and a lubricating oil system 6, the control oil system 5 is connected with an oil motor pipeline of the steam control valve group 2, and the lubricating oil system 6 is communicated with a bearing structure pipeline for supporting the rotor 11;

the drainage system 8, the drainage system 8 is communicated with the high-pressure operation area, the medium-pressure operation area and the low-pressure operation area respectively;

and the generator 7 is connected with the rotor 11 positioned in a low-voltage operation area.

The ultra-supercritical steam turbine unit can efficiently and safely complete the starting or stopping process.

The ultra-supercritical turbine unit further comprises a condenser 8, and the condenser 8 is respectively communicated with the high-pressure operation area and the low-pressure operation area through pipelines.

The ultra supercritical steam turbine unit further comprises a reheater 4, and the reheater 4 is arranged in a pipeline between the high-pressure operation area and the medium-pressure operation area;

the invention also provides a starting sequence control method of the ultra-supercritical steam turbine unit, which comprises the following steps:

s11, closing the main valve 21, the adjusting valve 22 and the steam extraction check valve 12;

s12, opening the drainage system 8 and pre-warming the steam inlet pipeline of the steam turbine;

s13, ensuring the normal operation of the turbine auxiliary system;

s14, judging whether the steam quality meets the valve opening standard, if so, executing the next step; the above valve opening criteria include: adjusting whether the valve body temperature of the valve 22 is matched with the saturation temperature of the main steam;

s15, the steam turbine control system automatically sets the load target value and the load threshold value of the steam turbine;

s16, judging whether the steam quality meets the requirement of a transfer standard, if so, trying the next step; if not, jumping back to step S14; the standard requirements of the impact transfer include: whether the temperature of the rotor 11 is matched with the steam inlet parameter of the steam;

s17, opening the adjusting valve 22, and raising the turbine to a warming-up rotation speed by the turbine control system at a raising rate determined by the turbine temperature margin so as to raise the turbine to a rated rotation speed;

and S18, completing grid connection of the generator 7, and ending the starting process.

The numbers of the above steps S11 to S18 are merely for dividing the steps, and do not represent the execution order.

The invention also provides a shutdown sequence control method of the ultra-supercritical steam turbine unit, which comprises the following steps:

s21, reducing the load of the steam turbine to zero;

s22, the generator 7 is disconnected from the grid connection, and the steam control valve group 2 is closed;

s23, detecting whether the oil way system is normal, if so, executing the next step;

s24, cooling steam control valve group 2;

and S25, opening the water drainage system 8, draining the steam turbine, and ending the shutdown process.

The numbers of the above steps S21 to S25 are merely for dividing the steps, and do not represent the execution order.

In conclusion, the steam turbine automatic start-stop sequence control method, the ultra-supercritical steam turbine unit and the method thereof realize a one-key start-stop control strategy through automatic start-stop control, improve the automation level of the steam turbine, avoid the loss caused by manual operation errors and prolong the service life of the steam turbine. Therefore, the invention effectively overcomes various defects in the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.

The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.