阅读说明：本技术 余热回收利用装置 (Waste heat recycling device ) 是由 杜红勇 时振堂 李琼 陶丽楠 李君� 刘维功 于 2019-10-15 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及余热利用技术领域,公开了一种余热回收利用装置,包括：烟气轮机、主风机以及发电机,其中,所述烟气轮机、所述主风机以及所述发电机依次连接；余热锅炉,所述余热锅炉与所述烟气轮机相连接；以及蒸汽管网,所述蒸汽管网与所述烟气轮机相连接,其中,所述蒸汽管网向所述烟气轮机的内部输送高温高压的蒸汽余热以对所述烟气轮机进行做功并带动所述烟气轮机转动,通过所述烟气轮机转动带动所述主风机转动,通过所述主风机转动带动所述发电机转动,所述烟气轮机中剩余的余热传递到所述余热锅炉内,用于加热所述余热锅炉。该余热回收利用装置具有能够有效地实现蒸汽余热的梯级利用,避免能量的浪费的优点。(The invention relates to the technical field of waste heat utilization, and discloses a waste heat recycling device, which comprises: the system comprises a flue gas turbine, a main fan and a generator, wherein the flue gas turbine, the main fan and the generator are sequentially connected; the waste heat boiler is connected with the flue gas turbine; and the steam pipe network is connected with the flue gas turbine, the steam pipe network conveys high-temperature and high-pressure steam waste heat to the inside of the flue gas turbine so as to do work on the flue gas turbine and drive the flue gas turbine to rotate, the main fan is driven to rotate through the rotation of the flue gas turbine, the main fan drives the generator to rotate, and the residual waste heat in the flue gas turbine is transmitted into the waste heat boiler and used for heating the waste heat boiler. The waste heat recycling device has the advantages of effectively realizing the cascade utilization of the steam waste heat and avoiding the waste of energy.)

1. A waste heat recovery device, characterized by comprising:

the system comprises a flue gas turbine, a main fan and a generator, wherein the flue gas turbine, the main fan and the generator are sequentially connected;

the waste heat boiler is connected with the flue gas turbine; and

the steam pipe network is connected with the flue gas turbine, wherein the steam pipe network conveys high-temperature and high-pressure steam waste heat to the inside of the flue gas turbine so as to do work on the flue gas turbine and drive the flue gas turbine to rotate, the main fan is driven to rotate through the rotation of the flue gas turbine, the main fan drives the generator to rotate, and the residual waste heat in the flue gas turbine is transmitted into the waste heat boiler and used for heating the waste heat boiler.

2. The waste heat recovery and utilization device of claim 1, wherein an outlet of the steam pipe network is connected with a first inlet of the flue gas turbine through a steam pipeline.

3. The waste heat recovery device according to claim 2, wherein a steam pipeline sensor capable of monitoring a steam temperature, a steam pressure and a steam flow rate in the steam pipeline is provided on the steam pipeline.

4. The waste heat recovery and utilization device according to claim 2, wherein a first adjusting valve capable of adjusting the size of the cross-sectional diameter of the steam pipe is further provided in the steam pipe.

5. The waste heat recovery and utilization device of claim 3, further comprising a catalytic cracking regenerator, wherein the catalytic cracking regenerator is connected to the second inlet of the flue gas turbine through a flue gas duct.

6. The waste heat recycling device according to claim 5, wherein a flue gas duct sensor capable of monitoring the flue gas temperature, the flue gas pressure and the flue gas flow inside the flue gas duct is arranged on the flue gas duct.

7. The waste heat recovery and utilization device according to claim 5, wherein a second regulating valve capable of regulating the size of the section caliber of the flue gas pipeline is arranged on the flue gas pipeline.

8. The waste heat recovery and utilization device of claim 6, further comprising a master controller, wherein the master controller is electrically connected to the steam duct sensor and the flue gas duct sensor, respectively.

9. The waste heat recycling device according to claim 1, wherein an output shaft of the flue gas turbine is coaxially connected with an input shaft of the main fan;

the output shaft of the main fan is coaxially connected with the input shaft of the generator.

10. The waste heat recovery and utilization device of claim 1, further comprising a structure to be heated, wherein a first end of the waste heat boiler is connected to the flue gas turbine, and a second end of the waste heat boiler is connected to the structure to be heated.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of waste heat utilization, in particular to a waste heat recycling device.

Background

The catalytic cracking unit of the oil refinery is a device with excess heat and more high-grade energy, and the recovery of the flue gas energy has a very obvious effect in energy conservation. The operation efficiency of the catalytic cracking energy recovery system and the energy saving effect of the whole system are easily influenced by the operation conditions and the flue gas performance of the catalytic cracking unit. The energy recovery system needs to be put into operation normally after the catalytic cracking unit operates normally and the flue gas property reaches the standard, and the fluctuation of the production energy of the catalytic cracking unit can influence the output of the energy recovery system after the normal operation, so that the high working capacity and the high-efficiency operation can not be maintained all the time. In addition, the steam waste heat resource of the oil refinery is rich, and if the steam waste heat resource cannot be fully recycled, the energy waste is also caused.

Disclosure of Invention

Technical problem to be solved

The invention aims to provide a waste heat recycling device to solve the technical problems that waste heat cannot be fully utilized and energy is easily wasted in the prior art.

(II) technical scheme

In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a waste heat recovery and utilization device, including: the system comprises a flue gas turbine, a main fan and a generator, wherein the flue gas turbine, the main fan and the generator are sequentially connected; the waste heat boiler is connected with the flue gas turbine; and the steam pipe network is connected with the flue gas turbine, the steam pipe network conveys high-temperature and high-pressure steam waste heat to the inside of the flue gas turbine so as to do work on the flue gas turbine and drive the flue gas turbine to rotate, the main fan is driven to rotate through the rotation of the flue gas turbine, the main fan drives the generator to rotate, and the residual waste heat in the flue gas turbine is transmitted into the waste heat boiler and used for heating the waste heat boiler.

And the outlet of the steam pipe network is connected with the first inlet of the flue gas turbine through a steam pipeline.

The steam pipeline is provided with a steam pipeline sensor which can monitor the steam temperature, the steam pressure and the steam flow in the steam pipeline.

The steam pipeline is also provided with a first adjusting valve capable of adjusting the size of the section caliber of the steam pipeline.

The waste heat recycling device further comprises a catalytic cracking regenerator, and the catalytic cracking regenerator is connected with the second inlet of the flue gas turbine through a flue gas pipeline.

The flue gas pipeline is provided with a flue gas pipeline sensor which can monitor the flue gas temperature, the flue gas pressure and the flue gas flow inside the flue gas pipeline.

The flue gas pipeline is provided with a second regulating valve capable of regulating the size of the section caliber of the flue gas pipeline.

The waste heat recycling device further comprises a main controller, wherein the main controller is electrically connected with the steam pipeline sensor and the smoke pipeline sensor respectively.

The output shaft of the flue gas turbine is coaxially connected with the input shaft of the main fan; the output shaft of the main fan is coaxially connected with the input shaft of the generator.

The waste heat recycling device further comprises a to-be-heated structure, wherein the first end of the waste heat boiler is connected with the flue gas turbine, and the second end of the waste heat boiler is connected with the to-be-heated structure.

(III) advantageous effects

Compared with the prior art, the waste heat recycling device provided by the invention has the following advantages:

before the catalytic cracking unit does not normally operate, a catalytic cracking regenerator located in the catalytic cracking unit and described below also does not normally operate, and at this time, the supply amount of the flue gas generated by the catalytic cracking regenerator is unstable, and sufficient flue gas cannot be normally supplied to the flue gas turbine, so that the flue gas turbine cannot drag the main fan, and at the same time, the main fan cannot be started, that is, the main fan cannot normally rotate. In order to start the main fan before the catalytic cracking device normally operates, the steam pipe network can be additionally arranged, high-temperature and high-pressure steam waste heat in the steam pipe network is conveyed to the inside of the flue gas turbine, the flue gas turbine is acted and dragged to rotate, and the main fan rotates to drive the generator to rotate and generate electricity, so that the situation that a standby fan needs to be started firstly and a large-capacity starting device (such as an independent transformer, a soft starting device and the like) needs to be configured on the standby fan before the catalytic cracking device does not normally operate is avoided. In addition, this application has also avoided the main blower to cause the impact to the electric wire netting when starting through the mode of addding steam pipe network and starting the main blower. It is thus clear that this application is through the steam waste heat in the make full use of steam pipe network to doing work and finally reaching the purpose that makes the generator generate electricity to the flue gas turbine, and, the electric energy that the generator produced can also supply power net, heating installation or lighting apparatus etc. use, remaining steam waste heat can also transmit for exhaust-heat boiler in the flue gas turbine, with heating exhaust-heat boiler, go to heat other equipment that need be heated through exhaust-heat boiler, this application has fully utilized the steam waste heat in the steam pipe network, the cascade utilization of energy has been realized, energy saving has been reached, avoid the extravagant purpose of energy.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram of a waste heat recovery device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numerals:

1: a flue gas turbine; 11: a first inlet; 12: a second inlet; 2: a main fan; 3: a generator; 4: a waste heat boiler; 5: a steam pipe network; 6: a steam line; 7: a steam line sensor; 8: a first regulating valve; 9: a catalytic cracking regenerator; 10: a flue gas duct; 20: a flue gas duct sensor; 30: a second regulating valve; 40: a master controller; 50: a structure to be heated.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.

As shown in fig. 1, the waste heat recycling device is schematically shown to include a flue gas turbine 1, a main fan 2, a generator 3, a waste heat boiler 4 and a steam pipe network 5.

In the embodiment of the present application, the flue gas turbine 1, the main fan 2 and the generator 3 are connected in sequence.

The waste heat boiler 4 is connected with the flue gas turbine 1.

This steam pipe network 5 is connected with this gas turbine 1, and wherein, this steam pipe network 5 carries the highly compressed steam waste heat of high temperature in order to do work and drive this gas turbine 1 rotation to this gas turbine 1 to the inside of this gas turbine 1, rotates through this gas turbine 1 and drives this main blower 2 rotation, rotates through this main blower 2 and drives this generator 3 rotation, and remaining waste heat transmits this exhaust-heat boiler 4 in this gas turbine 1 for heat this exhaust-heat boiler 4. Specifically, before the catalytic cracking apparatus does not operate normally, the following catalytic cracking regenerator 9 in the catalytic cracking apparatus does not operate normally, and at this time, the supply amount of the flue gas generated by the catalytic cracking regenerator 9 is unstable, and the flue gas cannot be supplied to the flue gas turbine 1 normally enough, so that the flue gas turbine 1 cannot drag the main fan 2, and at the same time, the main fan 2 cannot be started, that is, the main fan 2 cannot rotate normally. In order to start the main fan 2 before the catalytic cracking device operates normally, the steam pipe network 5 can be additionally arranged, high-temperature and high-pressure steam waste heat in the steam pipe network 5 is conveyed into the flue gas turbine 1, the flue gas turbine 1 is acted and the main fan 2 is dragged to rotate, the main fan 2 rotates to drive the generator 3 to rotate and generate electricity, and therefore the situation that before the catalytic cracking device does not operate normally, a standby fan needs to be started first and is provided with a large-capacity starting device (such as an independent transformer, a soft starting device and the like) for starting the main fan 2 is avoided. In addition, this application has also avoided main fan 2 to cause the impact to the electric wire netting when starting effectively through the mode of addding steam pipe network 5 and starting main fan 2.

It can be seen that this application is through the steam waste heat in make full use of steam pipe network 5 to doing work and finally reaching the purpose that makes generator 3 generate electricity to flue gas turbine 1, and, the electric energy that generator 3 produced can also supply network, heating installation or lighting apparatus etc. use, remaining steam waste heat can also transmit for exhaust-heat boiler 4 in flue gas turbine 1, with heating exhaust-heat boiler 4, go to heat other equipment that need be heated through exhaust-heat boiler 4, this application has fully utilized the steam waste heat in steam pipe network 5, the cascade utilization of energy has been realized, energy saving has been reached, avoid the extravagant purpose of energy.

It should be noted that the structures and operating principles of the flue gas turbine 1, the main fan 2, the generator 3, the waste heat boiler 4 and the steam pipe network 5 are well known to those skilled in the art, and for the sake of brevity, detailed description is omitted here.

It should be noted that the temperature of the so-called "high-temperature high-pressure steam" is in the range of 200 ℃ to 400 ℃ and the pressure is in the range of 10MPa (MPa) to 40MPa (MPa).

In the embodiment of the application, as shown in fig. 1, the outlet of the steam pipe network 5 is connected to the first inlet 11 of the flue gas turbine 1 via a steam pipe 6. In order to avoid the leakage of the steam in the steam pipe 6, it is necessary to ensure the sealing performance between the outlet of the steam pipe network 5 and the inlet of the steam pipe 6 and between the outlet of the steam pipe 6 and the first inlet 11 of the flue gas turbine 1, and specifically, a seal ring, a seal strip, a seal ring, or the like may be added to the connection portion of the interface.

It should be noted that the steam in the steam pipe network 5 may be steam which is surplus in the catalytic cracking unit of the oil refinery or steam which is directly generated by the catalytic cracking unit of the oil refinery. The structure and operation principle of the catalytic cracking unit in the oil refinery are well known to those skilled in the art, and are not described in detail herein for the sake of brevity.

In another preferred embodiment of the present application, a steam pipe sensor 7 capable of monitoring the steam temperature, the steam pressure and the steam flow rate in the steam pipe 6 is provided on the steam pipe 6. Specifically, the steam pipeline sensor 7 is additionally arranged on the steam pipeline 6, so that the temperature, the pressure and the flow of steam can be monitored in real time, and an operator can timely adjust the temperature, the pressure and the flow of the steam according to the working condition of the flue gas turbine 1 in real time.

In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, a first adjusting valve 8 is further provided on the steam pipe 6 to adjust the size of the cross-sectional bore of the steam pipe 6. Specifically, by additionally arranging the first regulating valve 8 on the steam pipeline 6 and rotating the first regulating valve 8, the size of the section caliber of the steam pipeline 6 can be regulated, so that the purpose of timely and effectively regulating the flow of the steam flowing through the steam pipeline 6 in unit time is achieved, the requirement of the flue gas turbine 1 for doing work can be met, and further, the flue gas turbine 1 can smoothly drive the main fan 2 to rotate.

It should be noted that the first regulating valve 8 can be a common manual valve or a solenoid valve, and it should be understood that the first regulating valve 8 is required to satisfy the requirements of one-way flow and reverse cut-off no matter whether it is a manual valve or a solenoid valve.

As shown in fig. 1, in the embodiment of the present application, the waste heat recycling device further includes a catalytic cracking regenerator 9, and the catalytic cracking regenerator 9 is connected to the second inlet 12 of the flue gas turbine 1 through a flue gas duct 10. Specifically, the catalytic cracking regenerator 9 may introduce high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas into the flue gas turbine 1 through the flue gas pipeline 10 and apply work to the flue gas turbine 1, so that the flue gas turbine 1 can drag the main fan 2 to operate.

It should be noted that before the catalytic cracking regenerator 9 in the catalytic cracking apparatus normally feeds, steam is supplied to the flue gas turbine 1 by the steam pipe network 5 and works on the flue gas turbine 1, so that the flue gas turbine 1 can drive the main blower 2 to start up, and after the catalytic cracking regenerator 9 normally operates, the steam pipe network 5 can be stopped to supply steam to the flue gas turbine 1, that is, only the catalytic cracking regenerator 9 provides high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas to the flue gas turbine 1 and works on the flue gas turbine 1, so as to achieve the purpose of driving the main blower 2 to start up.

In addition, the flue gas turbine 1 can also receive the flue gas and the steam to do work at the same time, that is, in the same time, the high-temperature and high-pressure steam can be introduced into the flue gas turbine 1 through the steam pipeline 6 through the steam pipe network 5 to do work on the flue gas turbine 1, and simultaneously, the high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas can be provided for the inside of the flue gas turbine 1 through the flue gas pipeline 10 through the catalytic cracking regenerator 9 to do work on the flue gas turbine 1.

In a particular embodiment, the so-called "high temperature and high pressure flue gas" has a temperature in the range of 200 ℃ to 400 ℃ and a pressure in the range of 10MPa (MPa) to 40MPa (MPa).

As shown in fig. 1, in the embodiment of the present application, a flue gas duct sensor 20 capable of monitoring the flue gas temperature, the flue gas pressure and the flue gas flow rate inside the flue gas duct 10 is disposed on the flue gas duct 10. Specifically, the flue gas pipeline sensor 20 is additionally arranged on the flue gas pipeline 10, so that the temperature, the pressure and the flow of the flue gas can be monitored in real time, and an operator can timely adjust the temperature, the pressure and the flow of the flue gas according to the working condition of the flue gas turbine 1 in real time.

In another preferred embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 1, a second regulating valve 30 is provided on the flue gas duct 10 to regulate the size of the cross-sectional bore of the flue gas duct 10. Specifically, by additionally arranging the second regulating valve 30 on the flue gas pipeline 10 and rotating the second regulating valve 30, the size of the section aperture of the flue gas pipeline 10 can be regulated, so that the flow of flue gas flowing through the flue gas pipeline 10 in unit time can be effectively regulated in time, the requirement of the flue gas turbine 1 for doing work can be met, and further, the flue gas turbine 1 can smoothly drive the main fan 2 to rotate.

It should be noted that the second regulating valve 30 can be a common manual valve or a solenoid valve, and it should be understood that the requirements of one-way flow and reverse blocking are satisfied no matter whether the second regulating valve 30 is a manual valve or a solenoid valve.

As shown in fig. 1, in the embodiment of the present application, the waste heat recycling device further includes a main controller 40, wherein the main controller 40 is electrically connected to the steam duct sensor 7 and the flue gas duct sensor 20, respectively. Specifically, the steam pipe sensor 7 detects the steam temperature, the steam pressure and the steam flow in the steam pipe 6, and then transmits the detected steam temperature, steam pressure and steam flow to the main controller 40 in the form of wired or wireless electric signals, and the main controller 40 processes the received electric signals and finally processes the electric signals into specific numerical parameters.

Similarly, the flue gas temperature, the flue gas pressure and the flue gas flow rate in the flue gas duct 10 detected by the flue gas duct sensor 20 are transmitted to the main controller 40 in the form of wired or wireless electric signals, and the main controller 40 processes the received electric signals and finally processes the electric signals into specific numerical parameters.

It should be noted that the process of processing the received electrical signal by the master controller 40 is well known to those skilled in the art, and is not described in detail herein for the sake of brevity.

It should be further noted that the main controller 40 can adjust the supply amount of the steam waste heat in the steam pipe network 5 in real time according to the energy efficiency conditions of the generator 3 and the waste heat boiler 4, so as to ensure that the generator 3 and the waste heat boiler 4 can operate in a high-efficiency interval, and improve the operation efficiency thereof.

In the embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 1, the output shaft of the flue gas turbine 1 is coaxially connected to the input shaft of the main fan 2.

The output shaft of the main fan 2 is coaxially connected with the input shaft of the generator 3. Thus, the rotation of the output shaft of the flue gas turbine 1 drives the rotation of the input shaft of the main fan 2, and the rotation of the input shaft of the main fan 2 drives the rotation of the generator 3, so as to achieve the purpose of enabling the generator 3 to generate electricity.

As shown in fig. 1, in a preferred embodiment of the present application, the heat recovery and utilization apparatus further includes a structure to be heated 50, wherein a first end of the heat recovery and utilization apparatus 4 is connected to the flue gas turbine 1, and a second end of the heat recovery and utilization apparatus 4 is connected to the structure to be heated 50. Specifically, after remaining steam waste heat in this gas turbine 1 transmitted in exhaust-heat boiler 4, heat in this exhaust-heat boiler 4 can increase, the temperature can rise, and heat in this exhaust-heat boiler 4 can supply heat for waiting to heat structure 50, like this, has just realized carrying out the cascade utilization to the steam waste heat in the steam pipe network 5, has avoided the waste of energy.

In one particular embodiment, the structure to be heated 50 may be a warmer, a water heater, or the like, which needs to be heated.

As described above, before the catalytic cracking apparatus is not normally operated, the following catalytic cracking regenerator 9 in the catalytic cracking apparatus is also not normally operated, and at this time, the supply amount of the flue gas generated by the catalytic cracking regenerator 9 is unstable, and the flue gas cannot be normally supplied to the flue gas turbine 1 enough to cause the flue gas turbine 1 to not drive the main fan 2, and at the same time, the main fan 2 cannot be started, that is, the main fan 2 cannot be normally rotated. In order to start the main fan 2 before the catalytic cracking device operates normally, the steam pipe network 5 can be additionally arranged, high-temperature and high-pressure steam waste heat in the steam pipe network 5 is conveyed into the flue gas turbine 1, the flue gas turbine 1 is acted and the main fan 2 is dragged to rotate, the main fan 2 rotates to drive the generator 3 to rotate and generate electricity, and therefore the situation that before the catalytic cracking device does not operate normally, a standby fan needs to be started first and is provided with a large-capacity starting device (such as an independent transformer, a soft starting device and the like) for starting the main fan 2 is avoided. In addition, this application has also avoided main fan 2 to cause the impact to the electric wire netting when starting effectively through the mode of addding steam pipe network 5 and starting main fan 2.

It can be seen that this application is through the steam waste heat in make full use of steam pipe network 5 to doing work and finally reaching the purpose that makes generator 3 generate electricity to flue gas turbine 1, and, the electric energy that generator 3 produced can also supply network, heating installation or lighting apparatus etc. use, remaining steam waste heat can also transmit for exhaust-heat boiler 4 in flue gas turbine 1, with heating exhaust-heat boiler 4, go to heat other equipment that need be heated through exhaust-heat boiler 4, this application has fully utilized the steam waste heat in steam pipe network 5, the cascade utilization of energy has been realized, energy saving has been reached, avoid the extravagant purpose of energy.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.