阅读说明：本技术 一种汽车用磁齿轮永磁电机 (Magnetic gear permanent magnet motor for automobile ) 是由 李林涛 史立伟 荆建宁 刘楷文 李波 司涛 于 2020-12-31 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种汽车用磁齿轮永磁电机,包括定子、外转子和内转子；定子上设置有12个电枢齿,电枢齿上设置有定子绕组,定子绕组共有六相；电枢齿的末端部设置有梳形槽,梳形槽与所在电枢齿同侧的极靴边缘平行；外转子一侧均布有10个外扇形凸极,每个外扇形凸极内隔相同的距离设置有外扇形凸极盆形槽；内转子一侧设置有10个内扇形凸极,每个内扇形凸极内隔相同的距离设置有内扇形凸极盆形槽；内转子上有12个内转子齿,每个内转子齿上都有内转子绕组,内转子绕组共有六相；每个外扇形凸极内有两个永磁体,且充磁方向相同；内转子内有12个永磁体,均为切向充磁。本发明能够有效提高电机的空间利用率,提高电机的输出转矩,降低了电机的转矩脉动。(The invention discloses a magnetic gear permanent magnet motor for an automobile, which comprises a stator, an outer rotor and an inner rotor; 12 armature teeth are arranged on the stator, stator windings are arranged on the armature teeth, and the stator windings share six phases; the tail end part of the armature tooth is provided with a comb-shaped groove which is parallel to the edge of the pole shoe on the same side of the armature tooth; one side of the outer rotor is uniformly provided with 10 outer fan-shaped salient poles, and each outer fan-shaped salient pole is internally provided with an outer fan-shaped salient pole basin-shaped groove with the same distance; one side of the inner rotor is provided with 10 inner fan-shaped salient poles, and each inner fan-shaped salient pole is internally provided with an inner fan-shaped salient pole basin-shaped groove with the same distance; the inner rotor is provided with 12 inner rotor teeth, each inner rotor tooth is provided with an inner rotor winding, and the inner rotor windings share six phases; two permanent magnets are arranged in each outer fan-shaped salient pole, and the magnetizing directions are the same; 12 permanent magnets are arranged in the inner rotor and are all magnetized tangentially. The invention can effectively improve the space utilization rate of the motor, improve the output torque of the motor and reduce the torque pulsation of the motor.)

1. A magnetic gear permanent magnet motor for an automobile is characterized by comprising a base, a stator, an outer rotor and an inner rotor;

a stator is arranged in the base, 12 armature teeth are uniformly arranged on the stator, stator windings are arranged on the armature teeth, two stator windings separated by a mechanical angle of 180 degrees are connected in series to form one phase, and the stator windings are divided into six phases;

comb-shaped grooves are formed in the tail end portions of the armature teeth, the number of the comb-shaped grooves on each armature tooth is 4-8, and the comb-shaped grooves are distributed symmetrically; comb-shaped grooves are not arranged near the central axis of each armature tooth, and the comb-shaped grooves are parallel to the edges of the pole shoes on the same side of the armature tooth;

the outer rotor comprises an outer fan-shaped salient pole, an inner fan-shaped salient pole and a rotor sleeve, and one sides of the outer fan-shaped salient pole and the inner fan-shaped salient pole facing the rotor sleeve are both embedded into the rotor sleeve in a dovetail shape;

the periphery of one side of the outer rotor is uniformly provided with 10 outer fan-shaped salient poles, outer fan-shaped salient pole pot-shaped grooves are arranged in the outer fan-shaped salient poles at the same distance, each outer fan-shaped salient pole pot-shaped groove consists of three sections of air gaps, 2-4 concentric outer fan-shaped salient pole pot-shaped grooves form a group of outer fan-shaped salient pole pot-shaped grooves, and each outer fan-shaped salient pole is internally provided with a group of outer fan-shaped salient pole pot-shaped grooves; three-section provided with outer fan-shaped salient pole basin-shaped grooveThe air gaps are bottom edge air gaps N respectively₁Left side air gap N₂And a right side air gap N₃Air gap N on the left side₂And a right side air gap N₃Air gap N with bottom edge₁The included angle is 90-180 degrees;

one side of the inner rotor is uniformly provided with 10 inner fan-shaped salient poles at the circumference, inner fan-shaped salient pole pot-shaped grooves are arranged in the inner fan-shaped salient poles at the same distance, each inner fan-shaped salient pole pot-shaped groove is composed of three sections of air gaps, 1-2 concentric inner fan-shaped salient pole pot-shaped grooves form a group of inner fan-shaped salient pole pot-shaped grooves, each inner fan-shaped salient pole is internally provided with a group of inner fan-shaped salient pole pot-shaped grooves, and the three sections of air gaps of the inner fan-shaped salient pole pot-shaped grooves₁Left side air gap W₂And a right side air gap W₃Left side air gap W of inner fan-shaped salient pole basin-shaped groove₂And a right side air gap W₃An air gap W with the bottom edge₁The included angle is 90-180 degrees;

the inner rotor is provided with 12 inner rotor teeth, each inner rotor tooth is provided with an inner rotor winding, the inner rotor windings on the two inner rotor teeth which are separated by a mechanical angle of 180 degrees are connected in series to form one phase, and the inner rotor windings share six phases.

2. A magnetic gear permanent magnet motor for an automobile according to claim 1, characterized in that: two permanent magnets are arranged in each outer fan-shaped salient pole, the magnetizing directions of the two permanent magnets in the same outer fan-shaped salient pole are the same, and the magnetizing directions of the four permanent magnets in the two adjacent outer fan-shaped salient poles are opposite;

the inner rotor is provided with 12 permanent magnets which are magnetized tangentially, and the magnetizing directions of two adjacent permanent magnets are opposite.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of low-speed large-torque transmission motors, and particularly relates to a magnetic gear permanent magnet motor for an automobile.

Background

The traditional transmission system is generally in mechanical gear transmission, the mechanical gear belongs to direct contact transmission, the problems of tooth breakage, abrasion, friction, lubrication and the like can occur in the operation process, the maintenance cost is high, and the generated noise and the leakage of lubricating oil can cause serious pollution.

The magnetic gear permanent magnet motor can realize non-contact transmission and has the advantages of no friction, no abrasion, no need of lubrication and the like. When in operation, the magnetic gear motor has the characteristics of higher power density, torque density and low-speed large torque, and is widely applied to the fields of automobiles, robots and the like.

The early magnetic gear structure is very similar to a mechanical gear, a small driving wheel is used for driving a large driven wheel to run, but only one pair of permanent magnets interact with each other at each moment, so that the utilization rate of the permanent magnets is low, and the practicability is not strong. Along with the development of magnetic gear motors, a novel magnetic gear structure is proposed, and the main principle of the magnetic gear structure lies in that magnetic fields on two rotors are adjusted to enable the modulated magnetic fields to interact, so that the purpose that a driving wheel drives a driven wheel to operate is achieved. Due to the rare earth permanent magnet material, the working efficiency of the magnetic gear motor is obviously improved, but the problems of large torque fluctuation, easy falling of the permanent magnet and the like exist.

For example, chinese patent No. 201711308185.2 proposes a new structure of a magnetic gear composite motor, which has slots on a stator, an armature winding is wound in the slots, and a main permanent magnet for radial magnetization and an auxiliary permanent magnet for tangential slot are embedded at the end of the slots, thereby improving torque density and effectively solving the problem of magnetic leakage. But also faces the problems that the permanent magnet is not easy to fix and the utilization rate of the permanent magnet is low.

Therefore, it is a problem in the magnetic gear motor to improve the utilization rate of the permanent magnets and the efficiency of the magnetic gear motor and to reduce the amount of the permanent magnets.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the magnetic gear permanent magnet motor for the automobile is provided, and the purpose of reducing the torque pulsation is realized through the structure that the slots are formed in the outer rotor and the stator and the permanent magnet is arranged in the inner rotor, and meanwhile, the vibration and the noise of the motor in the operation process can be reduced, and the problem that the permanent magnet is not easy to fix is solved.

In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a magnetic gear permanent magnet motor for an automobile, which structurally comprises a base, a stator, an outer rotor and an inner rotor, wherein armature teeth are arranged on the stator, stator windings are arranged on the armature teeth, the stator windings at 180-degree mechanical angles are connected in series to form one phase, and the stator windings are divided into six phases; comb-shaped grooves are arranged at the tail end parts of the armature teeth, the number of the comb-shaped grooves on each armature tooth is 4-8, the comb-shaped grooves are distributed symmetrically, the comb-shaped grooves are not arranged near the central axis of each armature tooth, and the comb-shaped grooves are parallel to the edge of the pole shoe on the same side of the armature tooth.

The outer rotor comprises an outer fan-shaped salient pole, an inner fan-shaped salient pole and a rotor sleeve, and the outer fan-shaped salient pole and the inner fan-shaped salient pole are embedded into the rotor sleeve in a dovetail shape on one side facing the rotor sleeve.

Furthermore, outer fan-shaped salient pole basin-shaped grooves are formed in the outer fan-shaped salient poles at the same distance, each outer fan-shaped salient pole basin-shaped groove is composed of three sections of air gaps, 2-4 concentric outer fan-shaped salient pole basin-shaped grooves form a group of outer fan-shaped salient pole basin-shaped grooves, and each outer fan-shaped salient pole is internally provided with a group of outer fan-shaped salient pole basin-shaped grooves; three sections of air gaps with outer fan-shaped salient pole basin-shaped grooves are bottom edge air gaps N respectively₁Left side air gap N₂And a right side air gap N₃Air gap N on the left side₂And a right side air gap N₃Air gap N with bottom edge₁The included angle is 90-180 degrees.

Furthermore, inner fan-shaped salient pole basin-shaped grooves are arranged in the inner fan-shaped salient poles at the same distance, each inner fan-shaped salient pole basin-shaped groove is composed of three sections of air gaps, 1-2 concentric inner fan-shaped salient pole basin-shaped grooves form a group of inner fan-shaped salient pole basin-shaped grooves, each inner fan-shaped salient pole is internally provided with a group of inner fan-shaped salient pole basin-shaped grooves, and the three sections of air gaps of each inner fan-shaped salient pole basin-shaped groove are bottom edge air gaps W₁Left side air gap W₂And a right side air gap W₃Left side air gap W of inner fan-shaped salient pole basin-shaped groove₂And a right side air gap W₃An air gap W with the bottom edge₁The included angle is 90-180 degrees.

Furthermore, 12 inner rotor teeth are arranged on the inner rotor, an inner rotor winding is arranged on each inner rotor tooth, the inner rotor windings on the two inner rotor teeth which are separated by a mechanical angle of 180 degrees are connected in series to form one phase, and the inner rotor windings share six phases.

Furthermore, two permanent magnets are arranged in each outer fan-shaped salient pole, the magnetizing directions of the two permanent magnets in the same outer fan-shaped salient pole are the same, and the magnetizing directions of the four permanent magnets in the two adjacent outer fan-shaped salient poles are opposite; 12 permanent magnets are arranged in the inner rotor and are magnetized tangentially, and the magnetizing directions of two adjacent permanent magnets are opposite.

Further, an application of the magnetic gear permanent magnet motor for the automobile is that the stator is fixed, the inner rotor generates torque, and the outer rotor serves as a torque output end, so that a torque and rotating speed transmission conversion device with the same moving direction of the inner rotor and the outer rotor is realized. The specific working mode is as follows: the electromagnetic torque generated by electrifying the inner rotor winding drives the inner rotor to rotate, and the inner rotor permanent magnet forms a modulation magnetic field in the outer rotor in the rotating process of the inner rotor and interacts with a magnetic field formed by the outer rotor permanent magnet, so that the aim of driving the outer rotor to move is fulfilled.

In general, compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) according to the magnetic gear permanent magnet motor for the automobile, the outer rotor is provided with the basin-shaped groove, and the air gap magnetic barrier is arranged in the outer rotor, so that the purpose of limiting a magnetic flux path is achieved, and magnetic lines of force cannot act in the outer rotor at will. Meanwhile, the comb-shaped grooves can reduce quadrature-axis magnetic flux between the outer rotor and the stator, and can allow larger magnetic flux to pass through the direct axis.

(2) According to the magnetic gear permanent magnet motor for the automobile, the comb-shaped groove structure is formed in the stator, so that the air gap magnetic resistance corresponding to the groove forming area is increased, the magnetic force line which vertically enters the outer rotor from the area moves towards the direction with smaller magnetic resistance, and the original radial magnetic flux is decomposed into two components of the radial direction and the tangential direction. The slotting structure of the stator teeth can reduce the radial magnetic density between the stator and the outer rotor, increase the tangential magnetic density, and reduce the effective radial force causing the vibration of the motor, thereby reducing the vibration and noise of the motor in the operation process, simultaneously reducing the quality of the motor and improving the space utilization rate of the motor.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention, the following figures briefly describe the embodiment:

fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a magnetic gear permanent magnet motor device for an automobile according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a stator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an outer rotor according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a partial schematic view of a stator comb-shaped slot provided in an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 5 is a partial schematic view of an outer rotor basin according to an embodiment of the present invention;

the same reference numbers will be used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or like elements or structures, wherein:

1 is a stator, 2 is an outer fan-shaped salient pole, 3 is a rotor sleeve, 4 is an outer fan-shaped salient pole permanent magnet, and 5 is an inner fan-shaped salient pole;

6 is an inner rotor, 7 is a stator winding, 8 is a rotating shaft, 9 is an inner rotor winding, and 10 is an inner rotor permanent magnet;

11 is a comb-shaped groove slotting region, 12 is a comb-shaped groove non-slotting region, and 13 is a basin-shaped groove bottom air gap;

14 is the air gap at the right side of the basin-shaped groove, 15 is the non-grooved area of the basin-shaped groove, and 16 is the air gap at the left side of the basin-shaped groove.

Detailed Description

The objects, aspects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent and more complete from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The described embodiment is only one embodiment to which the present invention is applied, and not all embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1, a magnetic gear permanent magnet motor for an automobile comprises a base, a stator 1, an outer rotor 2 and an inner rotor 6, wherein the stator 1 is installed in the base, armature teeth are arranged on the stator 1, 12 armature teeth are provided in total, stator windings 7 are arranged on the armature teeth, each armature tooth is provided with a stator winding 7, two stator windings 7 which are separated by 180-degree mechanical angles are connected in series to form one phase, and the stator windings are divided into six phases.

The tail end parts of the armature teeth are provided with comb-shaped grooves, the number of the comb-shaped grooves is 8, the comb-shaped grooves are distributed symmetrically, no groove is formed near the central axis of each armature tooth, and the comb-shaped grooves are parallel to the edges of pole shoes on the same side of the armature teeth. The direction of magnetic lines of force entering the outer rotor is changed by the mode of opening the comb-shaped groove, the vertical entering when the groove is not opened is changed into the inclined entering when the groove is opened, so that the air gap magnetic density between the stator and the outer rotor is changed, the radial magnetic density is reduced, the effective radial force of the motor vibration is reduced, and the vibration of the motor during the operation is reduced.

The outer rotor comprises an outer fan-shaped salient pole, an inner fan-shaped salient pole and a rotor sleeve, and one sides of the outer fan-shaped salient pole and the inner fan-shaped salient pole facing the rotor sleeve are both embedded into the rotor sleeve in a dovetail shape.

The outer rotor is provided with ten outer fan-shaped salient poles, an outer fan-shaped salient pole basin-shaped groove is arranged in each outer fan-shaped salient pole at the same distance, each outer fan-shaped salient pole basin-shaped groove is composed of three sections of air gaps, and the air gap on the left side of each outer fan-shaped salient pole basin-shaped groove is N₂The air gap on the right side is N₃And the bottom side air gap is N₁Air gap N on left side of outer fan-shaped salient pole basin-shaped groove₂And a right side air gap N₃Air gap N with bottom edge₁The included angle of the angle is 135 degrees; a group of outer fan-shaped salient pole basin-shaped grooves are formed by two concentric outer fan-shaped salient pole basin-shaped grooves, and a group of outer fan-shaped salient pole basin-shaped grooves are formed in each outer fan-shaped salient pole. The magnetic field lines in the outer fan-shaped salient pole can be only distributed on a given path by changing the trend of the magnetic force lines in the outer fan-shaped salient pole by slotting in the outer fan-shaped salient pole, so that the magnetic potential of the non-slotted part is increased, and the acting force when the non-slotted part acts with a modulation magnetic field is increased.

The outer rotorTen inner fan-shaped salient poles are arranged on each stator, an inner fan-shaped salient pole basin-shaped groove is arranged in each inner fan-shaped salient pole, each inner fan-shaped salient pole basin-shaped groove is composed of three sections of air gaps, and the air gap on the left side edge of each inner fan-shaped salient pole is W₂The air gap on the right side is W₃And a bottom side air gap W₁Left side air gap W of inner fan-shaped salient pole basin-shaped groove₂And a right side air gap W₃An air gap W with the bottom edge₁The included angle is 100 degrees, and an inner fan-shaped salient pole basin-shaped groove is arranged in each inner fan-shaped salient pole. One outer sector salient pole corresponds to one inner sector salient pole, one outer sector salient pole and one inner sector salient pole form a pair of sector salient poles, ten outer sector salient poles and ten inner sector salient poles form ten pairs of sector salient poles, each pair of sector salient poles are connected through non-ferromagnetic materials, one outer sector salient pole and the inner sector salient pole of the outer sector salient pole are connected through ferromagnetic materials formed by laminating silicon steel sheets, and the outer sector salient pole and the inner sector salient pole of the outer sector salient pole are used for forming a modulation magnetic field. The non-ferromagnetic material extends outwardly to be connected with the end cover for connecting the output torque of the output shaft.

The inner rotor is formed by laminating silicon steel sheets, the inner rotor has 12 inner rotor teeth, each inner rotor tooth is provided with an inner rotor winding, the inner rotor windings on the two inner rotor teeth separated by a mechanical angle of 180 degrees are connected in series to form one phase, and the inner rotor windings have six phases.

Two permanent magnets with the same magnetizing direction are arranged in each outer fan-shaped salient pole, are respectively arranged on two sides of a group of pot-shaped grooves and are magnetized tangentially, and the magnetizing directions of the four permanent magnets in the two adjacent outer fan-shaped salient poles are opposite. Each outer fan-shaped salient pole and two adjacent stator teeth form a magnetic flux loop. The inner rotor is provided with 12 permanent magnets, and each inner rotor permanent magnet and two inner rotor teeth adjacent to the inner rotor permanent magnet form a magnetic flux loop.

In the embodiment, the number of pole pairs of the inner rotor permanent magnet is P₁The number of pole pairs of the outer rotor permanent magnet is P₂The number of the ferromagnetic material blocks on the rotor sleeve is P₃The three satisfy the following formula:

P₁₊ P₂₌ P₃（1）;

the working principle of the magnetic gear permanent magnet motor for the vehicle provided by the invention in the embodiment is as follows:

when the inner rotor winding is electrified, the electromagnetic torque generated by the motor winding drives the inner rotor to rotate, and the pole pair number P of the magnetic pole of the inner rotor is enabled to be under the action of the rotor sleeve of the outer rotor₁Pole pair number P of outer rotor magnetic pole₂And the number P of blocks of the rotor sleeve ferromagnetic material on the outer rotor₃And the formula (1) is met, a magnetic gear effect is formed, the electromagnetic torque on the inner rotor is transmitted to the outer rotor through the magnetic gear effect, and finally, the rotation of the load is driven, so that the torque transmission is realized.

The above embodiment is merely representative of an embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the application of the present invention, and any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.