阅读说明：本技术 一种充电电机励磁调压控制器、系统及使用方法 (Excitation voltage regulation controller and system for charging motor and use method ) 是由 杨运 邓世刚 吴杰 高俊 唐福 于 2020-12-16 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种充电电机励磁调压控制器、系统及使用方法；励磁调压控制器包括电源电路、采样电路、参考电压电路、比较电路、驱动电路、功率电路和泄放吸收电路；系统包括电源、充电发电机、开关K、励磁调压控制器、发光二极管D和电阻R12。使用方法步骤为：1)为充电发电机提供起励电流；2)接收到起励电流后,充电发电机开始旋转。3)二极管D16、二极管D17、二极管D18的输出电压通过励磁调压控制器D+端为励磁调压控制器供电,并为励磁绕组G供电；4)调节励磁电流,实现充电发电机的稳压和调压。本发明对电池端和励磁整流桥端加入隔离电阻等方式,使励磁调压控制器能可靠工作,减小了电路电磁干扰。(The invention discloses a charging motor excitation voltage regulation controller, a system and a use method; the excitation voltage regulation controller comprises a power circuit, a sampling circuit, a reference voltage circuit, a comparison circuit, a driving circuit, a power circuit and a leakage absorption circuit; the system comprises a power supply, a charging generator, a switch K, an excitation voltage regulation controller, a light emitting diode D and a resistor R12. The using method comprises the following steps: 1) providing excitation current for the charging generator; 2) after receiving the excitation current, the charging generator starts to rotate. 3) The output voltages of the diode D16, the diode D17 and the diode D18 supply power to the excitation voltage regulating controller through the D + end of the excitation voltage regulating controller and supply power to the excitation winding G; 4) and regulating the exciting current to realize the voltage stabilization and the voltage regulation of the charging generator. The invention adds isolation resistors to the battery end and the excitation rectifier bridge end, so that the excitation voltage-regulating controller can work reliably, and the electromagnetic interference of the circuit is reduced.)

1. The excitation voltage regulation controller for the charging motor is characterized by comprising a power supply circuit, a sampling circuit, a reference voltage circuit, a comparison circuit, a driving circuit, a power circuit and a leakage absorption circuit.

The power supply circuit supplies power to the comparison circuit; one end of the power circuit, which is connected with the sampling circuit in series, is marked as a B + end;

the sampling circuit samples the B + end of the power circuit to obtain a sampling voltage value; the sampling circuit adjusts a power supply voltage signal output to the comparison circuit by the power supply circuit according to the sampling voltage;

the reference voltage circuit outputs a constant reference voltage signal to the comparison circuit;

after receiving the reference voltage signal and the power supply voltage signal, the comparison circuit generates a high-low level signal with hysteresis and outputs the high-low level signal to the drive circuit;

the high-low level signal controls the on-off of a triode Q1 and a triode Q2 in the driving circuit, and further controls the on-off of an MOSFET tube U4 in the power circuit;

when the high-low level signal is a high level signal, the drive circuit triode Q1 is switched on, the triode Q2 is switched off, and the MOSFET tube U4 is switched on;

when the high-low level signal is a low level signal, the drive circuit triode Q1 is turned off, the triode Q2 is turned on, and the MOSFET tube U4 is turned off;

the power circuit comprises a MOSFET U4 and a fast recovery diode D3;

the circuit structure of the power circuit is as follows:

the grid electrode of the MOSFET U4 is connected with the driving circuit in series, and the source electrode is grounded;

one end of the MOSFET U4 where the drain is marked as DF end; the DF terminal is connected with the anode of a fast recovery diode D3 in series;

one end of the diode D3 where the cathode is located is marked as a D + end; the D + end is connected with a power circuit in series;

the leakage snubber circuit absorbs and drains the switching spike voltage of the MOSFET U4.

2. The excitation voltage regulation controller of the charging motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the power supply circuit comprises a power supply U1, a filter capacitor C1, a smoothing capacitor C2, a resistor R1, a bleeder resistor R9 and a filter capacitor C4;

the circuit structure of the power supply circuit is as follows:

the end of the power supply U1 where the positive pole is located is Vin, the end where the negative pole is located is Vout, and the ground end is GND;

the GND end is grounded;

the Vin end is connected with a filter capacitor C1 in series and then is grounded;

the Vin end is connected with the D + end of the power circuit after being connected with the resistor R1 in series; the resistor R1 is used for isolating the voltage of the power supply U1 from the output voltage of the charging generator excitation rectifier bridge and limiting the maximum current flowing into the charging generator excitation winding by the power supply U1;

the Vin end is sequentially connected with a resistor R1 and a bleeder resistor R9 in series and then grounded;

the Vin end is sequentially connected with a resistor R1 and a filter capacitor C4 in series and then grounded;

the terminal Vout is connected in series with a smoothing capacitor C2 and then is grounded.

3. The excitation voltage regulation controller of the charging motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the sampling circuit comprises a resistor R3, a resistor R5 and an adjustable resistor R4;

one end of the resistor R3 is connected with the B + end, and the other end of the resistor R3 is grounded after being sequentially connected with the resistor R4 and the resistor R5 in series;

the sliding contact of the adjustable resistor R4 is connected with a comparison circuit in series.

4. The excitation voltage regulation controller of the charging motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the reference voltage circuit comprises a low-temperature drift power supply chip U3, a capacitor C3 and a potentiometer R6;

the IN port of the low-temperature drift power supply chip U3 is connected with a capacitor C3 IN series and then grounded;

the TRIM port of the low-temperature drift power chip U3 is connected with the sliding contact of the potentiometer R6 in series;

the OUT port of the low-temperature drift power supply chip U3 is connected with a potentiometer R6 in series and then is grounded.

An OUT port of the low-temperature drift power supply chip U3 is connected with a comparison circuit in series;

the GND port of the low-temperature drift power supply chip U3 is grounded;

the potentiometer R6 adjusts the reference voltage signal output by the low-temperature-drift power supply chip U3.

5. The excitation voltage regulation controller of the charging motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the comparison circuit comprises a comparator U2, a resistor R2, a resistor R7, a capacitor C6 and a diode D1;

the common joint of the reverse input ends of the comparators U2 is connected with the OUT port of the reference voltage circuit in series;

the common joint of the reverse input ends of the comparators U2 is grounded;

a common joint of a positive input end of the comparator U2 is connected with a sliding contact of the sampling circuit resistor R4 in series;

the common joint of the positive input end of the comparator U2 is connected with the capacitor C6 in series and then is grounded;

a forward input end common junction of the comparator U2 is sequentially connected with the resistor R2 and the cathode of the diode D1 in series; the anode of the diode D1 is connected in series with the output end of the comparator U2; an anode series resistor R2 of the diode D1;

the output end of the comparator U2 is connected with the driving circuit.

6. The excitation voltage regulation controller of the charging motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the driving circuit comprises an NPN type triode Q1, a PNP type triode Q2, a resistor R8 and a resistor R10;

the base of the triode Q1 is connected with the output end of the comparator U2 in series;

the emitter of the transistor Q1 is connected in series with the emitter of the transistor Q2;

an emitter of the triode Q1 is sequentially connected with the resistor R8 and the resistor R10 in series and then grounded;

an emitter of the triode Q1 is connected with the gate of the MOSFET U4 after being connected with the resistor R8 in series;

the base of the triode Q2 is connected with the output end of the comparator U2 in series;

the collector of the triode Q2 is grounded;

an emitter of the triode Q2 is sequentially connected with the resistor R8 and the resistor R10 in series and then grounded;

the emitter of the transistor Q2 is connected in series with the resistor R8 and then connected with the gate of the MOSFET U4.

7. The excitation voltage regulation controller of the charging motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the leakage absorption circuit comprises a resistor R11, a diode D2 and a capacitor C5;

one end of the resistor R11 is connected with the drain of the MOSFET U4 in series, and the other end is connected with the capacitor C5 in series and then grounded;

the cathode of the diode D2 is connected with the drain of the MOSFET U4 in series, and the anode is connected with the capacitor C5 in series and then grounded;

capacitor C5 is grounded and labeled as D.

8. A system for applying the excitation voltage regulation controller of the charging motor according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: the device comprises a charging generator, a switch K, an excitation voltage regulation controller, a light emitting diode D and a resistor R12;

the current at one end where the positive pole of the power supply U1 is located flows into the charging motor excitation voltage regulation controller through the switch K and the excitation voltage regulation controller B +;

the external terminal of the excitation voltage regulation controller comprises a B + end, a D + end, a DF end and a D-end;

the B + end of the excitation voltage regulating controller is connected with the cathode of a light emitting diode D in series; the LED D is connected with the D + end of the excitation voltage regulation controller after being connected with a resistor R12 in series; when the charging generator works, the light-emitting diode D lamp is turned off, and when the charging generator does not work, the light-emitting diode D lamp is turned on;

the D + end of the excitation voltage regulating controller provides current for an excitation winding G of the charging generator; after the current flows through the charging generator, the current returns to the DF end of the excitation voltage regulation controller;

after receiving the current, the DF end of the excitation voltage regulation controller regulates the current by using the power circuit, the sampling circuit, the reference voltage circuit, the comparison circuit, the driving circuit, the power circuit and the leakage absorption circuit, and outputs the current to one end of the negative pole of the power U1 through the D-end.

And the D-end of the excitation voltage regulation controller is grounded.

9. The system for applying the excitation voltage regulation controller of the charging motor according to claim 8, wherein: the charging generator comprises a U-phase winding, a V-phase winding, a W-phase winding, an excitation winding G, a capacitor C, a resistor R13, a diode D4, a diode D5, a diode D6, a diode D7, a diode D8, a diode D9, a diode D10, a diode D11, a diode D12, a diode D13, a diode D14, a diode D15, a diode D16, a diode D17 and a diode D18;

the cathode of the V-phase winding series diode D6; the anode of the diode D6 is connected with the D-end of the excitation voltage regulation controller;

the cathode of the V-phase winding series diode D7; the anode of the diode D7 is connected with the D-end of the excitation voltage regulation controller;

the V-phase winding is connected with the anode of a diode D17 in series; the cathode of the diode D17 is connected with the D + end of the excitation voltage regulation controller; an anode C of the diode D17 is connected with an excitation winding G in series and then is connected with a DF end of the excitation voltage-regulating controller;

the V-phase winding is connected with the anode of a diode D12 in series; the cathode of the diode D12 is connected with the D-end of the excitation voltage regulation controller after being connected with the capacitor C in series;

the V-phase winding is connected with the anode of a diode D13 in series; the cathode of the diode D13 is connected with the D-end of the excitation voltage regulation controller after being connected with the capacitor C in series;

the U-phase winding is connected with the cathode of a diode D8 in series; the anode of the diode D8 is connected with the D-end of the excitation voltage regulation controller;

the U-phase winding is connected with the cathode of a diode D9 in series; the anode of the diode D9 is connected with the D-end of the excitation voltage regulation controller;

the U-phase winding is connected with the anode of a diode D16 in series; the cathode of the diode D16 is connected with the D + end of the excitation voltage regulation controller; an anode C of the diode D16 is connected with an excitation winding G in series and then is connected with a DF end of the excitation voltage-regulating controller;

the U-phase winding is connected with the anode of a diode D14 in series; the cathode of the diode D14 is connected with the D-end of the excitation voltage regulation controller after being connected with the capacitor C in series;

the U-phase winding is connected with the anode of a diode D15 in series; the cathode of the diode D15 is connected with the D-end of the excitation voltage regulation controller after being connected with the capacitor C in series;

the W-phase winding is connected with the cathode of a diode D4 in series; the anode of the diode D4 is connected with the D-end of the excitation voltage regulation controller;

the W-phase winding is connected with the cathode of a diode D5 in series; the anode of the diode D5 is connected with the D-end of the excitation voltage regulation controller;

the W-phase winding is connected with the anode of a diode D18 in series; the cathode of the diode D18 is connected with the D + end of the excitation voltage regulation controller; an anode C of the diode D18 is connected with an excitation winding G in series and then is connected with a DF end of the excitation voltage-regulating controller;

the W-phase winding is connected with the anode of a diode D10 in series; the cathode of the diode D10 is connected with the D-end of the excitation voltage regulation controller after being connected with the capacitor C in series;

the W-phase winding is connected with the anode of a diode D11 in series; the cathode of the diode D11 is connected with the D-end of the excitation voltage regulation controller after being connected with the capacitor C in series;

one end of the W-phase winding is connected with the other end of the W-phase winding after being connected with the resistor R in series.

10. A method for using a system for controlling excitation voltage regulation of a charging motor according to any one of claims 8 to 9, comprising the steps of:

1) closing the switch K;

2) the current of the power supply U1 flows into the excitation voltage regulation controller through the switch K and the B + of the excitation voltage regulation controller, flows into the excitation winding G of the charging generator from the D + end of the excitation voltage regulation controller, returns to the DF end of the excitation voltage regulation controller, flows into the negative electrode of the power supply U1 after being regulated by the excitation voltage regulation controller, and provides excitation current for the charging generator;

3) after receiving the excitation current, the charging generator starts to rotate, and the voltages of the U-phase winding, the V-phase winding and the W-phase winding of the charging generator are increased; the voltage of the U-phase winding of the charging generator is rectified by a diode D8, a diode D9, a diode D14 and a diode D15 and then flows into a power supply U1 to charge a power supply U1; the voltage of the V-phase winding of the charging generator is rectified by a diode D6, a diode D7, a diode D12 and a diode D13 and then flows into a power supply U1 to charge a power supply U1; the voltage of the W-phase winding of the charging generator is rectified by a diode D4, a diode D5, a diode D10 and a diode D11 and then flows into a power supply U1 to charge a power supply U1;

4) when charging generator diode D16, diode D17 and diode D18, output voltage value u>u_dcWhen + epsilon, switch K is disconnected; u. of_dcIs the voltage of power supply U1; epsilon is a preset threshold value; the output voltages of the diode D16, the diode D17 and the diode D18 supply power to the excitation voltage regulating controller through the D + end of the excitation voltage regulating controller and supply power to the excitation winding G;

5) a sampling circuit of the excitation voltage regulation controller samples the voltage of the B + end of the excitation voltage regulation controller in real time, and regulates the duty ratio of the DF end of the excitation voltage regulation controller according to the value of the sampled voltage, so as to regulate the excitation current and realize the voltage stabilization and regulation of the charging generator; the method for adjusting the duty ratio of the DF end of the excitation voltage-regulating controller comprises the following steps: when the sampling voltage value of the B + end of the excitation voltage regulation controller is smaller than a preset voltage threshold value Umax, the excitation voltage regulation controller in the system applying the charging motor excitation voltage regulation controller is switched on, and when the sampling voltage value of the B + end of the excitation voltage regulation controller is larger than or equal to the preset voltage threshold value Umax, the excitation voltage regulation controller in the system applying the charging motor excitation voltage regulation controller is switched off, so that the charging generator works at a constant voltage.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of voltage regulation control, in particular to a charging motor excitation voltage regulation controller, a system and a use method.

Background

The claw pole AC charging generator has simple structure, convenient maintenance and reliable work and is widely applied to various places of production, life and military affairs. The claw pole generator with large rotation speed variation range needs to output constant direct current voltage, adopts an output end DC-DC voltage regulation and stabilization, and has the advantages of large volume, high cost and difficult installation.

The output end DC-DC voltage regulation adopted by the prior art needs a voltage regulation controller with the same power as the generator, has large volume and high cost, and is not beneficial to installation; one way is that the output voltage of the rectifier bridge is regulated by a voltage regulator and then enters the excitation winding, and the upper bridge arm of the voltage regulating circuit is conducted, so that a more complex driving and detecting circuit is needed. The other mode is that the rectified output voltage is subjected to voltage regulation after passing through an excitation winding, when the excitation is started, the starting current is large, when the excitation winding is closed, the voltage on the excitation winding flows back to a power circuit to generate a small voltage, the small voltage causes the MOSFET tube to work in an amplification area to rapidly heat, and if the motor is not rotated for a long time to generate electricity, the possibility of burning the MOSFET tube of the core device exists.

Therefore, a voltage-regulating and voltage-stabilizing controller with high reliability and large voltage-regulating rotating speed range is needed.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to solving the problems of the prior art.

The technical scheme adopted for achieving the purpose of the invention is that the charging motor excitation voltage regulation controller comprises a power supply circuit, a sampling circuit, a reference voltage circuit, a comparison circuit, a driving circuit, a power circuit and a leakage absorption circuit.

The power supply circuit supplies power to the comparison circuit. And one end of the power supply circuit connected with the sampling circuit in series is marked as a B + end.

The power supply circuit comprises a power supply U1, a filter capacitor C1, a smoothing capacitor C2, a resistor R1, a bleeder resistor R9 and a filter capacitor C4.

The circuit structure of the power supply circuit is as follows:

the positive terminal of the power source U1 is denoted as Vin, the negative terminal thereof is denoted as Vout, and the ground terminal thereof is denoted as GND.

The GND terminal is grounded.

The Vin end is connected with the filtering capacitor C1 in series and then is grounded.

The Vin end is connected with the D + end of the power circuit after being connected with the resistor R1 in series. Resistor R1 is used to isolate the power supply U1 voltage from the charging generator field rectifier bridge output voltage and limit the maximum current that the power supply U1 can flow into the charging generator field winding.

The Vin end is connected with the resistor R1 and the bleeder resistor R9 in series in sequence and then grounded.

The Vin end is connected with the resistor R1 and the filter capacitor C4 in series and then is grounded.

The terminal Vout is connected in series with a smoothing capacitor C2 and then is grounded.

The sampling circuit samples the B + end of the power circuit to obtain a sampling voltage value. And the sampling circuit adjusts a power supply voltage signal output to the comparison circuit by the power supply circuit according to the sampling voltage.

The sampling circuit comprises a resistor R3, a resistor R5 and an adjustable resistor R4.

One end of the resistor R3 is connected with the B + end, and the other end is grounded after being sequentially connected with the resistor R4 and the resistor R5 in series.

The sliding contact of the adjustable resistor R4 is connected with a comparison circuit in series.

The reference voltage circuit outputs a constant reference voltage signal to the comparison circuit.

The reference voltage circuit comprises a low-temperature drift power supply chip U3, a capacitor C3 and a potentiometer R6.

The IN port of the low-temperature drift power supply chip U3 is connected with the capacitor C3 IN series and then is grounded.

The TRIM port of the low-temperature drift power supply chip U3 is connected in series with the sliding contact of the potentiometer R6.

The OUT port of the low-temperature drift power supply chip U3 is connected with a potentiometer R6 in series and then is grounded.

The OUT port of the low-temperature drift power supply chip U3 is connected with a comparison circuit in series.

The GND port of the low-temperature drift power supply chip U3 is grounded.

The potentiometer R6 adjusts the reference voltage signal output by the low-temperature-drift power supply chip U3.

After receiving the reference voltage signal and the power supply voltage signal, the comparison circuit generates a high-low level signal with hysteresis and outputs the high-low level signal to the drive circuit.

The comparison circuit comprises a comparator U2, a resistor R2, a resistor R7, a capacitor C6 and a diode D1.

The inverting input common junction of the comparator U2 is connected in series with the OUT port of the reference voltage circuit.

The inverting input common of comparator U2 is connected to ground.

The common joint of the positive input ends of the comparators U2 is connected in series with the sliding contact of the sampling circuit resistor R4.

The common joint of the positive input ends of the comparators U2 is connected in series with the capacitor C6 and then is grounded.

The forward input end common junction of the comparator U2 is connected in series with the resistor R2 and the cathode of the diode D1 in sequence. The anode of the diode D1 is connected in series with the output of the comparator U2. The anode of diode D1 is connected in series with resistor R2.

The output end of the comparator U2 is connected with the driving circuit.

The high-low level signal controls the on-off of a triode Q1 and a triode Q2 in the driving circuit, and further controls the on-off of a MOSFET tube U4 in the power circuit.

When the high-low level signal is a high level signal, the driving circuit transistor Q1 is turned on, and the transistor Q2 is turned off, so that the MOSFET tube U4 is turned on.

When the high-low level signal is a low level signal, the driving circuit transistor Q1 is turned off, the transistor Q2 is turned on, and the MOSFET tube U4 is turned off.

The driving circuit comprises an NPN type triode Q1, a PNP type triode Q2, a resistor R8 and a resistor R10.

The base of the transistor Q1 is connected in series with the output of the comparator U2.

The emitter of transistor Q1 is connected in series with the emitter of transistor Q2.

The emitter of the transistor Q1 is connected in series with the resistor R8 and the resistor R10 in sequence and then grounded.

The emitter of the transistor Q1 is connected in series with the resistor R8 and then connected with the gate of the MOSFET U4.

The base of the transistor Q2 is connected in series with the output of the comparator U2.

The collector of transistor Q2 is connected to ground.

The emitter of the transistor Q2 is connected in series with the resistor R8 and the resistor R10 in sequence and then grounded.

The emitter of the transistor Q2 is connected in series with the resistor R8 and then connected with the gate of the MOSFET U4.

The power circuit comprises a MOSFET tube U4 and a fast recovery diode D3.

The circuit structure of the power circuit is as follows:

the gate of the MOSFET U4 is connected in series with the driver circuit and the source is grounded.

The end of the MOSFET U4 where the drain is located is denoted as DF. The DF terminal is connected in series with the anode of a fast recovery diode D3.

The cathode of the diode D3 is located at one end and is denoted as the D + end. The D + end is connected with a power circuit in series.

The leakage snubber circuit absorbs and drains the switching spike voltage of the MOSFET U4.

The leakage absorption circuit comprises a resistor R11, a diode D2 and a capacitor C5.

One end of the resistor R11 is connected in series with the drain of the MOSFET U4, and the other end is connected in series with the capacitor C5 and then grounded.

The cathode of the diode D2 is connected in series with the drain of the MOSFET U4, and the anode is connected in series with the capacitor C5 and then grounded.

Capacitor C5 is grounded and labeled as D.

A system applying a charging motor excitation voltage regulation controller comprises a charging generator, a switch K, the excitation voltage regulation controller, a light emitting diode D and a resistor R12.

And the current at one end of the positive pole of the power supply U1 flows into the excitation voltage-regulating controller of the charging motor through the switch K and the B + end of the excitation voltage-regulating controller.

The external terminal of the excitation voltage regulation controller comprises a B + end, a D + end, a DF end and a D-end.

And the B + end of the excitation voltage regulation controller is connected in series with the cathode of the light-emitting diode D. The LED D is connected with the D + end of the excitation voltage regulating controller after being connected with the resistor R12 in series. When the charging generator works, the light-emitting diode D lamp is turned off, and when the charging generator does not work, the light-emitting diode D lamp is turned on.

And the D + end of the excitation voltage regulation controller provides current for an excitation winding G of the charging generator. And the current returns to the DF end of the excitation voltage regulation controller after flowing through the charging generator.

After receiving the current, the DF end of the excitation voltage regulation controller regulates the current by using the power circuit, the sampling circuit, the reference voltage circuit, the comparison circuit, the driving circuit, the power circuit and the leakage absorption circuit, and outputs the current to one end of the negative pole of the power U1 through the D-end.

And the D-end of the excitation voltage regulation controller is grounded.

The charging generator comprises a U-phase winding, a V-phase winding, a W-phase winding, an excitation winding G, a capacitor C, a resistor R13, a diode D4, a diode D5, a diode D6, a diode D7, a diode D8, a diode D9, a diode D10, a diode D11, a diode D12, a diode D13, a diode D14, a diode D15, a diode D16, a diode D17 and a diode D18.

The V-phase winding is connected in series with the cathode of diode D6. The anode of the diode D6 is connected with the D-end of the excitation voltage regulation controller.

The V-phase winding is connected in series with the cathode of diode D7. The anode of the diode D7 is connected with the D-end of the excitation voltage regulation controller.

The V-phase winding is connected in series with the anode of diode D17. The cathode of the diode D17 is connected with the D + end of the excitation voltage regulation controller. And an anode C of the diode D17 is connected with the DF end of the excitation voltage regulating controller after being connected with the excitation winding G in series.

The V-phase winding is connected in series with the anode of diode D12. The cathode of the diode D12 is connected in series with the capacitor C and then connected with the D-end of the excitation voltage regulating controller.

The V-phase winding is connected in series with the anode of diode D13. The cathode of the diode D13 is connected in series with the capacitor C and then connected with the D-end of the excitation voltage regulating controller.

The U-phase winding is connected in series with the cathode of diode D8. The anode of the diode D8 is connected with the D-end of the excitation voltage regulation controller.

The U-phase winding is connected in series with the cathode of diode D9. The anode of the diode D9 is connected with the D-end of the excitation voltage regulation controller.

The U-phase winding is connected in series with the anode of diode D16. The cathode of the diode D16 is connected with the D + end of the excitation voltage regulation controller. And an anode C of the diode D16 is connected with the DF end of the excitation voltage regulating controller after being connected with the excitation winding G in series.

The U-phase winding is connected in series with the anode of diode D14. The cathode of the diode D14 is connected in series with the capacitor C and then connected with the D-end of the excitation voltage regulating controller.

The U-phase winding is connected in series with the anode of diode D15. The cathode of the diode D15 is connected in series with the capacitor C and then connected with the D-end of the excitation voltage regulating controller.

The W-phase winding is connected in series with the cathode of diode D4. The anode of the diode D4 is connected with the D-end of the excitation voltage regulation controller.

The W-phase winding is connected in series with the cathode of diode D5. The anode of the diode D5 is connected with the D-end of the excitation voltage regulation controller.

The W-phase winding is connected in series with the anode of the diode D18. The cathode of the diode D18 is connected with the D + end of the excitation voltage regulation controller. And an anode C of the diode D18 is connected with the DF end of the excitation voltage regulating controller after being connected with the excitation winding G in series.

The W-phase winding is connected in series with the anode of the diode D10. The cathode of the diode D10 is connected in series with the capacitor C and then connected with the D-end of the excitation voltage regulating controller.

The W-phase winding is connected in series with the anode of the diode D11. The cathode of the diode D11 is connected in series with the capacitor C and then connected with the D-end of the excitation voltage regulating controller.

One end of the W-phase winding is connected with the other end of the W-phase winding after being connected with the resistor R in series.

A use method of a system applying a charging motor excitation voltage regulation controller comprises the following steps:

1) switch K is closed.

2) The current of the power supply flows into the excitation voltage regulation controller through the switch K and the B + of the excitation voltage regulation controller, flows into the excitation winding G of the charging generator from the D + end of the excitation voltage regulation controller, returns to the DF end of the excitation voltage regulation controller, flows into the negative pole of the power supply U1 after being regulated by the excitation voltage regulation controller, and provides excitation current for the charging generator.

3) After the excitation current is received, the charging generator starts to rotate, and the voltages of the U-phase winding, the V-phase winding and the W-phase winding of the charging generator are increased. The voltage of the U-phase winding of the charging generator flows into a power supply after being rectified by a diode D8, a diode D9, a diode D14 and a diode D15, and charges the power supply. The voltage of the V-phase winding of the charging generator flows into a power supply after being rectified by the diode D6, the diode D7, the diode D12 and the diode D13, and charges the power supply. The voltage of the W-phase winding of the charging generator is rectified by a diode D4, a diode D5, a diode D10 and a diode D11 and flows into a power supply to charge the power supply.

4) When charging generator diode D16, diode D17 and diode D18, output voltage value u>u_dcAnd + epsilon, switch K is opened. u. of_dcIs the supply voltage. Epsilon is a preset threshold value. The output voltage of the diode D16, the diode D17 and the diode D18 supplies power to the excitation voltage regulating controller through the D + end of the excitation voltage regulating controller and supplies power to the excitation winding G.

5) And a sampling circuit of the excitation voltage regulation controller samples the voltage of the B + end of the excitation voltage regulation controller in real time, and regulates the duty ratio of the DF end of the excitation voltage regulation controller according to the value of the sampled voltage, so as to regulate the excitation current and realize the voltage stabilization and regulation of the charging generator.

The method for adjusting the duty ratio of the DF end of the excitation voltage-regulating controller comprises the following steps: when the sampling voltage value of the B + end of the excitation voltage regulation controller is smaller than a preset voltage threshold value Umax, the excitation voltage regulation controller in the system applying the charging motor excitation voltage regulation controller is switched on, and when the sampling voltage value of the B + end of the excitation voltage regulation controller is larger than or equal to the preset voltage threshold value Umax, the excitation voltage regulation controller in the system applying the charging motor excitation voltage regulation controller is switched off, so that the charging generator works at a constant voltage.

The technical effect of the invention is needless to say that the excitation voltage regulation controller disclosed by the invention can be used in charging generators with various power levels, and the parameters can be slightly adjusted and can also be used in charging generators with various voltage levels. Based on the characteristic that circuit parameter value selection has great influence on performance, the invention adopts the modes of reasonably selecting sampling points of a sampling circuit, comparing hysteresis positive feedback of a circuit, adding a switch bleeder absorption circuit, adding isolation resistors to a battery end and an excitation rectifier bridge end and the like, so that an excitation voltage regulation controller can reliably work, the electromagnetic interference of the circuit is reduced, and the purpose that a charging generator can output constant 24V voltage within the rotating speed range of 900-7000 rpm is achieved.

The sampling end R3 of the voltage sampling circuit samples a charging battery end B + instead of a D + end, so that the output voltage is more stable, and the voltage difference between no-load and load is smaller; according to the invention, a 680K ohm resistor and a D1 diode 1N4148 are added on the comparator, so that the comparator generates hysteresis, and the switching tube cannot frequently oscillate at a critical point with a close voltage.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system as a whole;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a voltage regulator controller circuit;

fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of a PCB.

Detailed Description

The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, but it should not be construed that the scope of the above-described subject matter is limited to the following examples. Various substitutions and alterations can be made without departing from the technical idea of the invention and the scope of the invention is covered by the present invention according to the common technical knowledge and the conventional means in the field.

Example 1:

referring to fig. 2 and 3, a charging motor excitation voltage regulation controller includes a power circuit, a sampling circuit, a reference voltage circuit, a comparison circuit, a driving circuit, a power circuit, and a leakage absorption circuit.

The power supply circuit supplies power to the comparison circuit. And one end of the power supply circuit connected with the sampling circuit in series is marked as a B + end.

The power supply circuit comprises a power supply U1, a filter capacitor C1, a smoothing capacitor C2, a resistor R1, a bleeder resistor R9 and a filter capacitor C4.

The circuit structure of the power supply circuit is as follows:

the positive terminal of the power source U1 is denoted as Vin, the negative terminal thereof is denoted as Vout, and the ground terminal thereof is denoted as GND.

The GND terminal is grounded.

The Vin end is connected with the filtering capacitor C1 in series and then is grounded.

The Vin end is connected with the D + end of the power circuit after being connected with the resistor R1 in series. R1 is a key resistor, strongly isolates the battery voltage and the output voltage of the excitation rectifier bridge, when the excitation is started, the maximum current flowing into the excitation winding from the battery end is limited, so that the switching device and the circuit are small, the circuit enters a working state after the excitation is started, the voltages at the two ends of the resistor are basically equal, the current in the resistor is small, and a large amount of heating and energy consumption in operation are avoided.

The Vin end is connected with the resistor R1 and the bleeder resistor R9 in series in sequence and then grounded. The resistor R9 is the bleeder resistor of the filter capacitor C4.

The Vin end is connected with the resistor R1 and the filter capacitor C4 in series and then is grounded.

The terminal Vout is connected in series with a smoothing capacitor C2 and then is grounded.

The sampling circuit samples the B + end of the power circuit to obtain a sampling voltage value. And the sampling circuit adjusts a power supply voltage signal output to the comparison circuit by the power supply circuit according to the sampling voltage.

The sampling circuit comprises a resistor R3, a resistor R5 and an adjustable resistor R4.

One end of the resistor R3 is connected with the B + end, and the other end is grounded after being sequentially connected with the resistor R4 and the resistor R5 in series.

The sliding contact of the adjustable resistor R4 is connected with a comparison circuit in series. The resistance of the adjustable resistor R4 is adjusted by the position of the sliding contact.

The reference voltage circuit outputs a constant reference voltage signal to the comparison circuit.

The reference voltage circuit comprises a low-temperature drift power supply chip U3, a capacitor C3 and a potentiometer R6.

The IN port of the low-temperature drift power supply chip U3 is connected with the capacitor C3 IN series and then is grounded.

The TRIM port of the low-temperature drift power supply chip U3 is connected in series with the sliding contact of the potentiometer R6. The resistance of the potentiometer R6 is adjusted by the position of the sliding contact.

The OUT port of the low-temperature drift power supply chip U3 is connected with a potentiometer R6 in series and then is grounded.

The OUT port of the low-temperature drift power supply chip U3 is connected with a comparison circuit in series.

The GND port of the low-temperature drift power supply chip U3 is grounded.

The potentiometer R6 adjusts the reference voltage signal output by the low-temperature-drift power supply chip U3.

After receiving the reference voltage signal and the power supply voltage signal, the comparison circuit generates a high-low level signal with hysteresis and outputs the high-low level signal to the drive circuit.

The comparison circuit comprises a comparator U2, a resistor R2, a resistor R7, a capacitor C6 and a diode D1.

The inverting input common junction of the comparator U2 is connected in series with the OUT port of the reference voltage circuit.

The inverting input common of comparator U2 is connected to ground.

The common joint of the positive input ends of the comparators U2 is connected in series with the sliding contact of the sampling circuit resistor R4.

The common joint of the positive input ends of the comparators U2 is connected in series with the capacitor C6 and then is grounded.

The forward input end common junction of the comparator U2 is connected in series with the resistor R2 and the cathode of the diode D1 in sequence. The anode of the diode D1 is connected in series with the output of the comparator U2. The anode of diode D1 is connected in series with resistor R2.

The output end of the comparator U2 is connected with the driving circuit.

The high-low level signal controls the on-off of a triode Q1 and a triode Q2 in the driving circuit, and further controls the on-off of a MOSFET tube U4 in the power circuit.

When the high-low level signal is a high level signal, the driving circuit transistor Q1 is turned on, and the transistor Q2 is turned off, so that the MOSFET tube U4 is turned on.

When the high-low level signal is a low level signal, the driving circuit transistor Q1 is turned off, the transistor Q2 is turned on, and the MOSFET tube U4 is turned off.

The 680K ohm resistor and the D1 diode 1N4148 are added to the comparator to make the comparator generate hysteresis, so that the switch tube does not frequently oscillate at the critical point of the voltage approach.

The comparison circuit adopts an LM193 comparator, uses a resistor R7 and a diode D1 to provide positive feedback and hysteresis of output, and uses R2 to pull up the output end to avoid output oscillation.

The driving circuit comprises an NPN type triode Q1, a PNP type triode Q2, a resistor R8 and a resistor R10.

The base of the transistor Q1 is connected in series with the output of the comparator U2.

The emitter of transistor Q1 is connected in series with the emitter of transistor Q2.

The emitter of the transistor Q1 is connected in series with the resistor R8 and the resistor R10 in sequence and then grounded.

The emitter of the transistor Q1 is connected in series with the resistor R8 and then connected with the gate of the MOSFET U4.

The base of the transistor Q2 is connected in series with the output of the comparator U2.

The collector of transistor Q2 is connected to ground.

The emitter of the transistor Q2 is connected in series with the resistor R8 and the resistor R10 in sequence and then grounded.

The emitter of the transistor Q2 is connected in series with the resistor R8 and then connected with the gate of the MOSFET U4.

The power circuit comprises a MOSFET tube U4 and a fast recovery diode D3.

The circuit structure of the power circuit is as follows:

the gate of the MOSFET U4 is connected in series with the driver circuit and the source is grounded.

The end of the MOSFET U4 where the drain is located is denoted as DF. The DF terminal is connected in series with the anode of a fast recovery diode D3.

When the MOSFET U4 is turned on, the current flows through the rectifier D16 of FIG. 1_～D18, excitation winding, DF terminal, U4 pipe then flow into the negative pole, because excitation winding inductance is great when shutting off, the electric current can not break suddenly, the electric current of excitation winding passes through DF terminal, passes through fast recovery diode D3, then flows back to the excitation winding through D +.

The cathode of the diode D3 is located at one end and is denoted as the D + end. The D + end is connected with a power circuit in series.

The leakage absorption circuit absorbs and leaks the switching peak voltage of the MOSFET U4, and the electromagnetic compatibility of the system is greatly improved.

The leakage absorption circuit comprises a resistor R11, a diode D2 and a capacitor C5.

One end of the resistor R11 is connected in series with the drain of the MOSFET U4, and the other end is connected in series with the capacitor C5 and then grounded.

The cathode of the diode D2 is connected in series with the drain of the MOSFET U4, and the anode is connected in series with the capacitor C5 and then grounded.

Capacitor C5 is grounded and labeled as D.

The size of the excitation voltage regulator is only 65mm by 65mm, the volume is small, the weight is light, and the size of the PCB is shown in figure 3.

Example 2:

referring to fig. 1, a system using a charging motor excitation voltage regulation controller comprises a power supply, a 3.5kW charging generator, a switch K, an excitation voltage regulation controller, a light emitting diode D and a resistor R12.

And the current at one end of the positive pole of the power supply U1 flows into the excitation voltage-regulating controller of the charging motor through the switch K and the B + end of the excitation voltage-regulating controller.

The external terminal of the excitation voltage regulation controller comprises a B + end, a D + end, a DF end and a D-end.

And the B + end of the excitation voltage regulation controller is connected in series with the cathode of the light-emitting diode D. The LED D is connected with the D + end of the excitation voltage regulating controller after being connected with the resistor R12 in series. The light-emitting diode D indicates whether the charging generator works or not, the light-emitting diode D lamp is turned off when the charging generator works, and the light-emitting diode D lamp is turned on when the charging generator does not work.

And the D + end of the excitation voltage regulation controller provides current for an excitation winding G of the charging generator. And the current returns to the DF end of the excitation voltage regulation controller after flowing through the charging generator.

After receiving the current, the DF end of the excitation voltage regulation controller regulates the current by using the power circuit, the sampling circuit, the reference voltage circuit, the comparison circuit, the driving circuit, the power circuit and the leakage absorption circuit, and outputs the current to one end of the negative pole of the power U1 through the D-end.

And the D-end of the excitation voltage regulation controller is grounded.

The charging generator comprises a U-phase winding, a V-phase winding, a W-phase winding, an excitation winding G, a capacitor C, a resistor R13, a diode D4, a diode D5, a diode D6, a diode D7, a diode D8, a diode D9, a diode D10, a diode D11, a diode D12, a diode D13, a diode D14, a diode D15, a diode D16, a diode D17 and a diode D18.

The V-phase winding is connected in series with the cathode of diode D6. The anode of the diode D6 is connected with the D-end of the excitation voltage regulation controller.

The V-phase winding is connected in series with the cathode of diode D7. The anode of the diode D7 is connected with the D-end of the excitation voltage regulation controller.

The V-phase winding is connected in series with the anode of diode D17. The cathode of the diode D17 is connected with the D + end of the excitation voltage regulation controller. And an anode C of the diode D17 is connected with the DF end of the excitation voltage regulating controller after being connected with the excitation winding G in series.

The V-phase winding is connected in series with the anode of diode D12. The cathode of the diode D12 is connected in series with the capacitor C and then connected with the D-end of the excitation voltage regulating controller.

The V-phase winding is connected in series with the anode of diode D13. The cathode of the diode D13 is connected in series with the capacitor C and then connected with the D-end of the excitation voltage regulating controller.

The U-phase winding is connected in series with the cathode of diode D8. The anode of the diode D8 is connected with the D-end of the excitation voltage regulation controller.

The U-phase winding is connected in series with the cathode of diode D9. The anode of the diode D9 is connected with the D-end of the excitation voltage regulation controller.

The U-phase winding is connected in series with the anode of diode D16. The cathode of the diode D16 is connected with the D + end of the excitation voltage regulation controller. And an anode C of the diode D16 is connected with the DF end of the excitation voltage regulating controller after being connected with the excitation winding G in series.

The U-phase winding is connected in series with the anode of diode D14. The cathode of the diode D14 is connected in series with the capacitor C and then connected with the D-end of the excitation voltage regulating controller.

The U-phase winding is connected in series with the anode of diode D15. The cathode of the diode D15 is connected in series with the capacitor C and then connected with the D-end of the excitation voltage regulating controller.

The W-phase winding is connected in series with the cathode of diode D4. The anode of the diode D4 is connected with the D-end of the excitation voltage regulation controller.

The W-phase winding is connected in series with the cathode of diode D5. The anode of the diode D5 is connected with the D-end of the excitation voltage regulation controller.

The W-phase winding is connected in series with the anode of the diode D18. The cathode of the diode D18 is connected with the D + end of the excitation voltage regulation controller. And an anode C of the diode D18 is connected with the DF end of the excitation voltage regulating controller after being connected with the excitation winding G in series.

The W-phase winding is connected in series with the anode of the diode D10. The cathode of the diode D10 is connected in series with the capacitor C and then connected with the D-end of the excitation voltage regulating controller.

The W-phase winding is connected in series with the anode of the diode D11. The cathode of the diode D11 is connected in series with the capacitor C and then connected with the D-end of the excitation voltage regulating controller.

One end of the W-phase winding is connected with the other end of the W-phase winding after being connected with the resistor R in series.

Example 3:

a use method of a system applying a charging motor excitation voltage regulation controller comprises the following steps:

1) switch K is closed.

2) The current of the power supply flows into the excitation voltage regulation controller through the switch K and the B + of the excitation voltage regulation controller, flows into the excitation winding G of the charging generator from the D + end of the excitation voltage regulation controller, returns to the DF end of the excitation voltage regulation controller, flows into the negative pole of the power supply U1 after being regulated by the excitation voltage regulation controller, and provides excitation current for the charging generator.

3) After the excitation current is received, the charging generator starts to rotate, and the voltages of the U-phase winding, the V-phase winding and the W-phase winding of the charging generator are increased. The voltage of the U-phase winding of the charging generator flows into a power supply after being rectified by a diode D8, a diode D9, a diode D14 and a diode D15, and charges the power supply. The voltage of the V-phase winding of the charging generator flows into a power supply after being rectified by the diode D6, the diode D7, the diode D12 and the diode D13, and charges the power supply. The voltage of the W-phase winding of the charging generator is rectified by a diode D4, a diode D5, a diode D10 and a diode D11 and flows into a power supply to charge the power supply.

4) When charging generator diode D16, diode D17 and diode D18, output voltage value u>u_dcAnd + epsilon, switch K is opened. u. of_dcIs the supply voltage. Epsilon is a preset threshold value. The output voltage of the diode D16, the diode D17 and the diode D18 supplies power to the excitation voltage regulating controller through the D + end of the excitation voltage regulating controller and supplies power to the excitation winding G.

5) And a sampling circuit of the excitation voltage regulation controller samples the voltage of the B + end of the excitation voltage regulation controller in real time, and regulates the duty ratio of the DF end of the excitation voltage regulation controller according to the value of the sampled voltage, so as to regulate the excitation current and realize the voltage stabilization and regulation of the charging generator.

The method for adjusting the duty ratio of the DF end of the excitation voltage-regulating controller comprises the following steps: when the sampling voltage value of the B + end of the excitation voltage regulation controller is smaller than a preset voltage threshold value Umax, the excitation voltage regulation controller in the system applying the charging motor excitation voltage regulation controller is switched on, and when the sampling voltage value of the B + end of the excitation voltage regulation controller is larger than or equal to the preset voltage threshold value Umax, the excitation voltage regulation controller in the system applying the charging motor excitation voltage regulation controller is switched off, so that the charging generator works at a constant voltage.