阅读说明：本技术 脑损伤病人伤后认知功能的评价方法和系统 (Method and system for evaluating cognitive function of brain injury patient after injury ) 是由 陶陆阳 陈溪萍 刘司南 陶泓旭 史超群 赵冰洋 于 2020-12-28 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种脑损伤病人伤后认知功能的评价方法及系统,先向测试者呈现视觉刺激流,视觉刺激流包括执行刺激流和抑制刺激流；采集测试者观察视觉刺激流过程中产生的脑电信号；对脑电信号进行处理获取脑电信息图,脑电信息图包括脑电波形图、脑电时频图和脑电功能连接图；以正常人测试获取的脑电信息图作为正常对照组,将脑损伤病人测试获得的脑电信息图和正常对照组进行比对,并判断是否同时满足第一条件、第二条件和第三条件,若判断为是,则最终评定为脑损伤病人伤后认知功能恢复良好,否则,评定为脑损伤病人伤后认知功能恢复不良。本发明还公开了一种基于上述方法的系统。本发明能够对脑损伤病人的伤后认知功能恢复情况进行有效评价。(The invention discloses a method and a system for evaluating cognitive function of a brain-injured patient after injury, which are characterized in that a visual stimulus flow is presented to a tester firstly, and the visual stimulus flow comprises an execution stimulus flow and an inhibition stimulus flow; collecting an electroencephalogram signal generated in the process of observing the visual stimulus flow by a tester; processing the electroencephalogram signals to obtain an electroencephalogram information map, wherein the electroencephalogram information map comprises an electroencephalogram waveform map, an electroencephalogram time-frequency map and an electroencephalogram function connection map; taking an electroencephalogram information graph obtained by a normal person test as a normal control group, comparing the electroencephalogram information graph obtained by the brain injury patient test with the normal control group, and judging whether the first condition, the second condition and the third condition are simultaneously met, if so, finally evaluating that the cognitive function of the brain injury patient is recovered well after injury, otherwise, evaluating that the cognitive function of the brain injury patient is recovered badly after injury. The invention also discloses a system based on the method. The method can effectively evaluate the recovery condition of the cognitive function after the brain injury patient is injured.)

1. A method for evaluating cognitive function of a brain injury patient after injury is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1) presenting a visual stimulus stream to the tester, the visual stimulus stream comprising an executive stimulus stream and a suppressive stimulus stream; the testers comprise normal persons and brain injury patients, and the normal persons are healthy persons;

s2) enabling a tester to observe the visual stimulus flow, executing response when observing the executing stimulus flow, inhibiting response when observing the inhibiting stimulus flow, and collecting electroencephalogram signals generated in the process of observing the visual stimulus flow by the tester;

s3) processing the electroencephalogram signals to obtain an electroencephalogram information map, wherein the electroencephalogram information map comprises an electroencephalogram waveform map, an electroencephalogram time-frequency map and an electroencephalogram function connection map;

recording the operation of observing the stimulating flow and performing response execution by a tester as Go operation, and recording the operation of inhibiting response when observing the stimulating flow inhibition by the tester as Nogo operation, wherein the electroencephalogram comprises an electroencephalogram under Go operation and an electroencephalogram under Nogo operation, the electroencephalogram time-frequency diagram comprises a time-frequency electroencephalogram under Go operation and an electroencephalogram time-frequency diagram under Nogo operation, and the electroencephalogram function connection diagram comprises brain function connection under Go operation and brain function connection under Nogo operation;

s4) taking the electroencephalogram information graph obtained by normal person test as a normal control group, comparing the electroencephalogram information graph obtained by brain injury patient test with the normal control group, and judging whether a first condition, a second condition and a third condition are met:

the first condition is: the comparison result between the electroencephalogram obtained by the brain injury patient test and the electroencephalogram in the normal control group shows that the cognitive dysfunction appears after the brain injury patient is injured and the cognitive dysfunction is better;

the second condition is: the comparison result of the electroencephalogram time-frequency diagram obtained by testing the brain injury patient and the electroencephalogram time-frequency diagram in the normal control group shows that the brain injury patient has cognitive dysfunction after injury and is good after injury;

the third condition is: the comparison result of the brain electrical function connection diagram obtained by the brain injury patient test and the brain electrical function connection diagram in the normal control group shows that the brain injury patient has cognitive dysfunction after injury and is good after injury;

if the first condition, the second condition and the third condition are simultaneously met, the recovery of the cognitive function of the brain injury patient after injury is finally evaluated to be good, otherwise, the recovery of the cognitive function of the brain injury patient after injury is evaluated to be poor.

2. The method of assessing post-traumatic cognitive function in a brain-impaired patient according to claim 1, wherein the execution response is a key press operation, and the suppression response is a key press failure.

3. The method of evaluating post-traumatic cognitive function in a brain injury patient according to claim 1,

the electroencephalograms in the normal control group all comprise early waves, medium waves, middle and late waves, the early waves comprise positive waves appearing within 100-120 ms and negative waves appearing within 100-200 ms, and the medium waves comprise positive waves appearing within 180-220 ms; the middle and late waves comprise negative waves appearing within 200-400 ms, and the late waves comprise positive waves appearing within 300-700 ms;

the comparison result between the electroencephalogram obtained from the brain injury patient test and the electroencephalogram in the normal control group is obtained by the following method:

if the electroencephalograms of the brain injury patients comprise the early waves, the middle and late waves and the late waves, the amplitude of the middle and late waves is reduced to 50% -100% when the electroencephalograms of the brain injury patients under the operation of the NoGo are compared with the electroencephalograms of the normal control group under the operation of the NoGo, and the amplitude of the late waves is reduced to 50% -100% when the electroencephalograms of the brain injury patients under the operation of the Go are compared with the electroencephalograms of the normal control group under the operation of the Go, the cognitive dysfunction appears after the brain injury of the brain injury patients and the brain dysfunction is good later;

if the electroencephalogram of the brain injury patient does not include the middle-stage wave and the late-stage wave, the cognitive dysfunction appears after the brain injury of the brain injury patient but the brain injury is not good after the brain injury patient is cured;

if the electroencephalogram under the NoGo operation of the brain injury patient comprises the middle and late waves, and compared with the electroencephalogram under the NoGo operation of the normal control group, the amplitude of the middle and late waves is reduced to below 50 percent, indicating that the brain injury patient has cognitive dysfunction but is poor after healing after the brain injury;

if the electroencephalogram under the Go operation of the brain injury patient comprises the middle and late waves, and the amplitude of the middle and late waves of the electroencephalogram under the Go operation of the brain injury patient is reduced to be below 50% compared with the amplitude of the electroencephalogram under the Go operation of the normal control group, the cognitive dysfunction but the post-cure dysfunction of the brain injury patient is indicated.

4. The method of evaluating post-traumatic cognitive function in a brain injury patient according to claim 1,

the electroencephalogram time-frequency diagram in the normal control group comprises delta waves, theta waves, alpha waves, beta waves and gamma waves, the frequency range of the delta waves is 1-3 Hz, the frequency range of the theta waves is 4-7 Hz, the frequency range of the alpha waves is 8-12 Hz, the frequency range of the beta waves is 13-30 Hz, and the frequency range of the gamma waves is 31-80 Hz;

the comparison result between the electroencephalogram time-frequency graph obtained by testing the brain injury patient and the electroencephalogram time-frequency graph in the normal control group is obtained by the following method:

if the electroencephalogram time-frequency diagram of the brain injury patient comprises the delta wave, the theta wave, the alpha wave, the beta wave and the gamma wave, the electroencephalogram time-frequency diagram under the operation of the Nogo of the brain injury patient is compared with the electroencephalogram time-frequency diagram under the operation of the Nogo in the normal control group, the energy values of the delta wave, the theta wave, the alpha wave, the beta wave and the gamma wave are all reduced to 50% -100%, and the electroencephalogram time-frequency diagram under the operation of the Go of the brain injury patient is compared with the electroencephalogram time-frequency diagram under the operation of the Go in the normal control group, the energy values of the delta wave, the theta wave, the alpha wave, the beta wave and the gamma wave are all reduced to 50% -100%, the situation that the brain injury patient has cognitive dysfunction after brain injury but is good after brain injury is detected is indicated;

if the electroencephalogram time-frequency diagram of the brain injury patient comprises the delta wave, the theta wave, the alpha wave, the beta wave and the gamma wave, the electroencephalogram time-frequency diagram under the operation of the Nogo of the brain injury patient is compared with the electroencephalogram time-frequency diagram under the operation of the Nogo in the normal control group, the energy value of at least one of the delta wave, the theta wave, the alpha wave, the beta wave and the gamma wave is reduced to be below 50%, and the electroencephalogram time-frequency diagram under the operation of the Go of the brain injury patient is compared with the electroencephalogram time-frequency diagram under the operation of the Go in the normal control group, the energy values of the delta wave, the theta wave, the alpha wave, the beta wave and the gamma wave are reduced to be 50% -100% of the normal control group, the situation that the brain injury patient has cognitive dysfunction after brain injury but is poor after healing is indicated;

if the brain electrical time-frequency diagram of the brain injury patient lacks any one of the delta wave, the theta wave, the alpha wave, the beta wave and the gamma wave, the cognitive dysfunction appears after the brain injury of the brain injury patient but the brain injury patient is not good after the brain injury patient is cured.

5. The method of evaluating post-traumatic cognitive function in a brain injury patient according to claim 1,

the electroencephalogram function connection diagram in the normal control group comprises intra-hemisphere connection and inter-hemisphere connection;

the comparison result of the brain electrical function connection diagram obtained by the brain injury patient test and the brain electrical function connection diagram in the normal control group is obtained by the following method:

if the electroencephalogram functional connection diagram of the brain injury patient comprises the intra-hemispheric connection and the inter-hemispheric connection, and compared with the electroencephalogram functional connection diagram in the normal control group, the electroencephalogram functional connection diagram of the brain injury patient has the advantages that the functional connection strength of at least one intra-hemispheric connection is weakened to 50% -100%, and the functional connection strength of at least one inter-hemispheric connection is strengthened to 100% -150%, the cognitive dysfunction appears but the brain injury of the brain injury patient is better;

if the electroencephalogram functional connection diagram of the brain injury patient comprises the intra-hemispheric connection and the inter-hemispheric connection, and compared with the electroencephalogram functional connection diagram in the normal control group, the electroencephalogram functional connection diagram of the brain injury patient has the advantages that the functional connection strength of at least one intra-hemispheric connection is weakened to be below 50%, and the functional connection strength of at least one inter-hemispheric connection is enhanced to be above 150%, the cognitive dysfunction appears after the brain injury of the brain injury patient and is poor after the brain injury patient is cured.

6. The method of assessing post-traumatic cognitive function in a brain-impaired patient according to claim 5, wherein said intra-hemispheric junction comprises a frontal-central junction, a frontal-temporal junction, a temporal-parietal junction, a frontal junction, or a temporal junction; the connection between hemispheres comprises connection between hemispheres of bilateral frontal areas or connection between hemispheres of bilateral central apical areas.

7. A system for evaluating cognitive function of a brain-injured patient after injury, comprising:

a display module for presenting a visual stimulus stream to a tester, the visual stimulus stream comprising an executive stimulus stream and a suppressive stimulus stream;

the acquisition module is used for acquiring the electroencephalogram signals generated in the process that the tester observes the visual stimulus flow and sending the acquired electroencephalogram signals to the analysis processing module;

the analysis processing module is used for processing the electroencephalogram signal to obtain an electroencephalogram information map, the electroencephalogram information map comprises an electroencephalogram waveform map, an electroencephalogram time-frequency map and an electroencephalogram function connection map, the electroencephalogram information map obtained by testing of normal people is used as a normal contrast group, the electroencephalogram information map obtained by testing of a brain injury patient is compared with the normal contrast group, and whether a first condition, a second condition and a third condition are met is judged:

the first condition is: the comparison result between the electroencephalogram obtained by the brain injury patient test and the electroencephalogram in the normal control group shows that the cognitive dysfunction appears but is better after the brain injury patient is injured;

the second condition is: the comparison result of the electroencephalogram time-frequency diagram obtained by testing the brain injury patient and the electroencephalogram time-frequency diagram in the normal control group shows that the brain injury patient has cognitive dysfunction after injury but is better after injury;

the third condition is: the comparison result of the brain electrical function connection diagram obtained by the brain injury patient test and the brain electrical function connection diagram in the normal control group shows that the brain injury patient has cognitive dysfunction after injury but is better after injury;

and if the analysis processing module judges that the first condition, the second condition and the third condition are simultaneously met, the recovery of the cognitive function of the brain injury patient after injury is finally evaluated to be good, otherwise, the recovery of the cognitive function of the brain injury patient after injury is evaluated to be poor.

8. The system for evaluating post-traumatic cognitive function in a brain-impaired patient according to claim 7, wherein said analysis module further comprises an electroencephalogram recording synchronization module for synchronizing the temporal frequency of occurrence of visual stimuli with the temporal frequency of the induced electroencephalogram signal.

9. The system of claim 7, wherein the collection module comprises an electroencephalogram electrode cap and an electroencephalogram amplifier, the electroencephalogram electrode cap is connected with the electroencephalogram amplifier, the electroencephalogram electrode cap comprises a cap body, and at least 32 electrodes are connected to the cap body.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of cognitive evaluation, in particular to a method and a system for evaluating cognitive functions of a brain injury patient after injury.

Background

At present, the imaging technology is mainly used for diagnosing and detecting the acute phase conditions of patients with brain injuries such as brain trauma and TBI clinically, the used technology mainly comprises Computed Tomography (CT) and Structural Magnetic Resonance (SMRI), but compared with the acute phase, the functional recovery period of morphological abnormality after the brain injury is obviously reduced, so that the diagnostic value of the technologies such as CT, MRI and the like in the recovery phase of the brain trauma is weakened.

Compared with the imaging technology, electroencephalography (EEG) has the advantages of good millisecond time resolution, good portability, low cost and the like, and is an effective means for researching the functional characteristics and time dynamics of the cognitive process. Among them, the brain cognitive event related potentials (C-ERPs), event-related oscillations (EROs) and Functional Connections (FC) provide a more convenient and economical way for the establishment of the information processing brain-machine interface.

The C-ERPs are potential changes extracted from an electroencephalogram by averaging multiple times of the same stimulation type, are a way and a method for researching the higher cognitive function of the brain, and the components of the C-ERPs in different experimental paradigms can be used as indexes for evaluating the cognitive dysfunction after brain injury. The brain waveform signals not only change along with time, but also are related to information such as frequency, phase and the like, the EROs evaluates the induced activity in the brain signals related to events through a spectrum analysis technology, and certain frequency components can reflect specific brain cognitive activities and supplement the traditional C-ERPs analysis. Because brain injuries such as TBI can cause damage to the cerebral cortex to a greater extent, the FC has special properties, and the degree of network damage is related to cognitive deficits, it is currently widely believed that coordination and communication among discrete neuronal populations is achieved through synchronization of neural oscillations. FC defects between long-distance and medium-distance areas are ubiquitous and reflect positive network defects of tasks after brain injury such as TBI.

However, the existing method mainly focuses on the identification and detection of the cognitive dysfunction of the brain injury patient in the acute stage after injury, and the recovery condition of the cognitive function of the brain injury patient after injury cannot be effectively evaluated and judged.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a method and a system for evaluating the cognitive function of a brain injury patient after injury, which can effectively evaluate the recovery condition of the cognitive function of the brain injury patient after injury.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:

a method for evaluating cognitive function of a brain injury patient after injury comprises the following steps:

s1) presenting a visual stimulus stream to the tester, the visual stimulus stream comprising an executive stimulus stream and a suppressive stimulus stream; the testers comprise normal persons and brain injury patients, and the normal persons are healthy persons;

s2) enabling a tester to observe the visual stimulus flow, executing response when observing the executing stimulus flow, inhibiting response when observing the inhibiting stimulus flow, and collecting electroencephalogram signals generated in the process of observing the visual stimulus flow by the tester;

s3) processing the electroencephalogram signals to obtain an electroencephalogram information map, wherein the electroencephalogram information map comprises an electroencephalogram waveform map, an electroencephalogram time-frequency map and an electroencephalogram function connection map;

recording the operation of observing the stimulating flow and performing response execution by a tester as Go operation, and recording the operation of inhibiting response when observing the stimulating flow inhibition by the tester as Nogo operation, wherein the electroencephalogram comprises an electroencephalogram under Go operation and an electroencephalogram under Nogo operation, the electroencephalogram time-frequency diagram comprises a time-frequency electroencephalogram under Go operation and an electroencephalogram time-frequency diagram under Nogo operation, and the electroencephalogram function connection diagram comprises brain function connection under Go operation and brain function connection under Nogo operation;

s4) taking the electroencephalogram information graph obtained by normal person test as a normal control group, comparing the electroencephalogram information graph obtained by brain injury patient test with the normal control group, and judging whether a first condition, a second condition and a third condition are met:

the first condition is: the comparison result between the electroencephalogram obtained by the brain injury patient test and the electroencephalogram in the normal control group shows that the cognitive dysfunction appears but is better after the brain injury patient is injured;

the second condition is: the comparison result of the electroencephalogram time-frequency diagram obtained by testing the brain injury patient and the electroencephalogram time-frequency diagram in the normal control group shows that the brain injury patient has cognitive dysfunction after injury but is better after injury;

the third condition is: the comparison result of the brain electrical function connection diagram obtained by the brain injury patient test and the brain electrical function connection diagram in the normal control group shows that the brain injury patient has cognitive dysfunction after injury but is better after injury;

if the first condition, the second condition and the third condition are simultaneously met, the recovery of the cognitive function of the brain injury patient after injury is finally evaluated to be good, otherwise, the recovery of the cognitive function of the brain injury patient after injury is evaluated to be poor.

In one embodiment, the execution response is to perform a key operation, and the suppression response is to not perform a key operation.

In one embodiment, the electroencephalographs in the normal control group all include early waves, middle and late waves, the early waves include positive waves occurring within 100-120 ms and negative waves occurring within 100-200 ms, and the middle waves include positive waves occurring within 180-220 ms; the middle and late waves comprise negative waves appearing within 200-400 ms, and the late waves comprise positive waves appearing within 300-700 ms;

the comparison result between the electroencephalogram obtained from the brain injury patient test and the electroencephalogram in the normal control group is obtained by the following method:

if the electroencephalograms of the brain injury patients comprise the early waves, the middle and late waves and the late waves, the amplitude of the middle and late waves is reduced to 50% -100% when the electroencephalograms of the brain injury patients under the operation of the NoGo are compared with the electroencephalograms of the normal control group under the operation of the NoGo, and the amplitude of the late waves is reduced to 50% -100% when the electroencephalograms of the brain injury patients under the operation of the Go are compared with the electroencephalograms of the normal control group under the operation of the Go, the cognitive dysfunction appears after the brain injury of the brain injury patients and the brain dysfunction is good later;

if the electroencephalogram of the brain injury patient does not include the middle-stage wave and the late-stage wave, the cognitive dysfunction appears after the brain injury of the brain injury patient but the brain injury is not good after the brain injury patient is cured;

if the electroencephalogram under the NoGo operation of the brain injury patient comprises the middle and late waves, and compared with the electroencephalogram under the NoGo operation of the normal control group, the amplitude of the middle and late waves is reduced to below 50 percent, indicating that the brain injury patient has cognitive dysfunction but is poor after healing after the brain injury;

if the electroencephalogram under the Go operation of the brain injury patient comprises the middle and late waves, and the amplitude of the middle and late waves of the electroencephalogram under the Go operation of the brain injury patient is reduced to be below 50% compared with the amplitude of the electroencephalogram under the Go operation of the normal control group, the cognitive dysfunction but the post-cure dysfunction of the brain injury patient is indicated.

In one embodiment, the electroencephalogram time-frequency diagram in the normal control group comprises delta waves, theta waves, alpha waves, beta waves and gamma waves, the frequency range of the delta waves is 1-3 Hz, the frequency range of the theta waves is 4-7 Hz, the frequency range of the alpha waves is 8-12 Hz, the frequency range of the beta waves is 13-30 Hz, and the frequency range of the gamma waves is 31-80 Hz;

the comparison result between the electroencephalogram time-frequency graph obtained by testing the brain injury patient and the electroencephalogram time-frequency graph in the normal control group is obtained by the following method:

if the electroencephalogram time-frequency diagram of the brain injury patient comprises the delta wave, the theta wave, the alpha wave, the beta wave and the gamma wave, the electroencephalogram time-frequency diagram under the operation of the Nogo of the brain injury patient is compared with the electroencephalogram time-frequency diagram under the operation of the Nogo in the normal control group, the energy values of the delta wave, the theta wave, the alpha wave, the beta wave and the gamma wave are all reduced to 50% -100%, and the electroencephalogram time-frequency diagram under the operation of the Go of the brain injury patient is compared with the electroencephalogram time-frequency diagram under the operation of the Go in the normal control group, the energy values of the delta wave, the theta wave, the alpha wave, the beta wave and the gamma wave are all reduced to 50% -100%, the situation that the brain injury patient has cognitive dysfunction after brain injury but is good after brain injury is detected is indicated;

if the electroencephalogram time-frequency diagram of the brain injury patient comprises the delta wave, the theta wave, the alpha wave, the beta wave and the gamma wave, the electroencephalogram time-frequency diagram under the operation of the Nogo of the brain injury patient is compared with the electroencephalogram time-frequency diagram under the operation of the Nogo in the normal control group, the energy value of at least one of the delta wave, the theta wave, the alpha wave, the beta wave and the gamma wave is reduced to below 50%, and the electroencephalogram time-frequency diagram under the operation of the Go of the brain injury patient is compared with the electroencephalogram time-frequency diagram under the operation of the Go in the normal control group, the energy values of the delta wave, the theta wave, the alpha wave, the beta wave and the gamma wave are reduced to 50% -100%, the situation that the brain injury patient has cognitive dysfunction but is poor after the brain injury is caused is indicated; if the brain electrical time-frequency diagram of the brain injury patient lacks any one of the delta wave, the theta wave, the alpha wave, the beta wave and the gamma wave, the cognitive dysfunction appears after the brain injury of the brain injury patient but the brain injury patient is not good after the brain injury patient is cured.

In one embodiment, the functional connections of brain electricity in the normal control group comprise intra-hemispheric connections and inter-hemispheric connections;

the comparison result of the brain electrical function connection diagram obtained by the brain injury patient test and the brain electrical function connection diagram in the normal control group is obtained by the following method:

if the electroencephalogram functional connection diagram of the brain injury patient comprises the intra-hemispheric connection and the inter-hemispheric connection, and compared with the electroencephalogram functional connection diagram in the normal control group, the electroencephalogram functional connection diagram of the brain injury patient has the advantages that the functional connection strength of at least one intra-hemispheric connection is weakened to 50% -100%, and the functional connection strength of at least one inter-hemispheric connection is strengthened to 100% -150%, the cognitive dysfunction appears but the brain injury of the brain injury patient is better;

if the electroencephalogram functional connection diagram of the brain injury patient comprises the intra-hemispheric connection and the inter-hemispheric connection, and compared with the electroencephalogram functional connection diagram in the normal control group, the electroencephalogram functional connection diagram of the brain injury patient has the advantages that the functional connection strength of at least one intra-hemispheric connection is weakened to be below 50%, and the functional connection strength of at least one inter-hemispheric connection is enhanced to be above 150%, the cognitive dysfunction appears after the brain injury of the brain injury patient and is poor after the brain injury patient is cured.

In one embodiment, the intra-hemispheric connection comprises a frontal-central region connection, a frontal-temporal region connection, a temporal-central parietal region connection, an intra-frontal region connection, or an intra-temporal region connection; the connection between hemispheres comprises connection between hemispheres of bilateral frontal areas or connection between hemispheres of bilateral central apical areas.

A system for evaluating post-traumatic cognitive function in a patient with brain injury, comprising:

a display module for presenting a visual stimulus stream to a tester, the visual stimulus stream comprising an executive stimulus stream and a suppressive stimulus stream;

the acquisition module is used for acquiring the electroencephalogram signals generated in the process that the tester observes the visual stimulus flow and sending the acquired electroencephalogram signals to the analysis processing module;

the analysis processing module is used for processing the electroencephalogram signal to obtain an electroencephalogram information map, the electroencephalogram information map comprises an electroencephalogram waveform map, an electroencephalogram time-frequency map and an electroencephalogram function connection map, the electroencephalogram information map obtained by testing of normal people is used as a normal contrast group, the electroencephalogram information map obtained by testing of a brain injury patient is compared with the normal contrast group, and whether a first condition, a second condition and a third condition are met is judged:

the first condition is: the comparison result between the electroencephalogram obtained by the brain injury patient test and the electroencephalogram in the normal control group shows that the cognitive dysfunction appears but is better after the brain injury patient is injured;

the second condition is: the comparison result of the electroencephalogram time-frequency diagram obtained by testing the brain injury patient and the electroencephalogram time-frequency diagram in the normal control group shows that the brain injury patient has cognitive dysfunction after injury but is better after injury;

the third condition is: the comparison result of the brain electrical function connection diagram obtained by the brain injury patient test and the brain electrical function connection diagram in the normal control group shows that the brain injury patient has cognitive dysfunction after injury but is better after injury;

and if the analysis processing module judges that the first condition, the second condition and the third condition are simultaneously met, the recovery of the cognitive function of the brain injury patient after injury is finally evaluated to be good, otherwise, the recovery of the cognitive function of the brain injury patient after injury is evaluated to be poor.

In one embodiment, the analysis processing module further comprises an electroencephalogram recording synchronization module, and the electroencephalogram recording synchronization module is used for synchronizing the time frequency of the occurrence of the visual stimulus stream with the time frequency of the induced electroencephalogram signal.

In one embodiment, the acquisition module comprises an electroencephalogram electrode cap and an electroencephalogram amplifier, the electroencephalogram electrode cap is connected with the electroencephalogram amplifier, the electroencephalogram electrode cap comprises a cap body, and at least 32 electrodes are connected to the cap body.

The invention has the following beneficial effects: according to the method and the system for evaluating the cognitive function of the brain injury patient after injury, comprehensive analysis on a time domain, a frequency domain and a space domain is realized through comprehensive judgment of the electroencephalogram waveform diagram, the electroencephalogram time-frequency diagram and the electroencephalogram function connection diagram, errors of a single analysis method are eliminated, the cognitive function recovery condition of the brain injury patient after injury can be effectively evaluated, and the accuracy of evaluation of the cognitive function recovery condition of the brain injury patient after injury is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a block flow diagram of a method for evaluating post-traumatic cognitive function in a brain-impaired patient according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of the presentation of the visual stimulus stream of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a left side view of a brain electrode arrangement during brain electrical signal acquisition;

FIG. 4 is a top view of the brain electrode arrangement during brain electrical signal acquisition;

fig. 5 is a comparison of electroencephalograms under Go operation;

fig. 6 is a comparison of electroencephalographs under NoGo operation;

FIG. 7 is a comparison of the electroencephalogram at Nogo-GO;

FIG. 8 is a comparison of EEG functional connection graphs corresponding to theta waves;

FIG. 9 is a comparison of electroencephalogram functional connection graphs corresponding to alpha waves;

Detailed Description

The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the following figures and specific examples so that those skilled in the art may better understand the present invention and practice it, but the examples are not intended to limit the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment discloses a method for evaluating post-traumatic cognitive function of a patient with brain injury, comprising the following steps:

s1) as shown in fig. 2, presenting a visual stimulus flow to the tester, the visual stimulus flow comprising an executive stimulus flow and a suppressive stimulus flow; the testers include normal persons who are healthy persons who have not experienced brain damage or other neurological diseases and have normal cognitive function, and brain-damaged patients;

s2) enabling a tester to observe the visual stimulus flow, carrying out execution response when observing the execution stimulus flow, carrying out inhibition response when observing the inhibition stimulus flow, and collecting electroencephalogram signals generated in the process of observing the visual stimulus flow by the tester;

by enabling the testers to perform response execution and response inhibition operations, the change of the brain electrical morphology during the response execution and the response inhibition of the brain can be better collected and observed, and the judgment of the recovery condition of the cognitive dysfunction is more facilitated;

in one embodiment, the execution response is to perform a key operation, and the inhibit response is not to perform a key operation, for example, a double triangle is used as the execution stimulus stream, and a single triangle is used as the inhibit stimulus stream; the tester executes key operation when observing the double triangles and does not execute key operation when observing the single triangles, and when the visual stimulus stream is presented, the tester can insert a single triangular sighting mark which does not need key operation into a plurality of double triangular sighting marks which need key operation, and vice versa, and the sighting mark can be presented according to any proportion, interval time and presentation time.

Wherein, the visual stimulation stream can be made by Eprime, EEGLAb or Mitsar and other open sources and computer program design software or other image editing tools, and the type of the sighting target can be adjusted according to specific conditions; the visual stimulus stream may be formed using Oddball or the S1-S2 paradigm in an ERP stimulus paradigm.

S3) processing and converting the electroencephalogram signals to obtain an electroencephalogram information map, wherein the electroencephalogram information map comprises an electroencephalogram waveform map, an electroencephalogram time-frequency map and an electroencephalogram function connection map;

recording the operation of a tester observing and executing the stimulation flow and executing the response as Go operation, and recording the operation of inhibiting the response when the tester observes and inhibits the stimulation flow as Nogo operation, wherein the electroencephalogram comprises an electroencephalogram under Go operation and an electroencephalogram under Nogo operation, the electroencephalogram time-frequency graph comprises an electroencephalogram time-frequency graph under Go operation and an electroencephalogram time-frequency graph under Nogo operation, and the electroencephalogram function connection graph comprises brain function connection under Go operation and brain function connection under Nogo operation; that is, when the electroencephalogram signal is processed, the electroencephalogram signals excited by Go operation and NoGo operation are separated, and respective electroencephalogram waveform diagrams and electroencephalogram time-frequency diagrams are formed and are respectively embodied in an electroencephalogram function connection diagram.

S4) taking the electroencephalogram information graph obtained by normal person test as a normal control group, comparing the electroencephalogram information graph obtained by brain injury patient test with the normal control group, and judging whether a first condition, a second condition and a third condition are met:

the first condition is: the comparison result between the electroencephalogram obtained by the brain injury patient test and the electroencephalogram in the normal control group shows that the cognitive dysfunction appears but is better after the brain injury patient is injured;

the second condition is: the comparison result of the electroencephalogram time-frequency diagram obtained by testing the brain injury patient and the electroencephalogram time-frequency diagram in the normal control group shows that the brain injury patient has cognitive dysfunction after injury but is better after injury;

the third condition is: the comparison result of the brain electrical function connection diagram obtained by the brain injury patient test and the brain electrical function connection diagram in the normal control group shows that the brain injury patient has cognitive dysfunction after injury but is better after injury;

if the first condition, the second condition and the third condition are simultaneously met, the recovery of the cognitive function of the brain injury patient after injury is finally evaluated to be good, otherwise, the recovery of the cognitive function of the brain injury patient after injury is evaluated to be poor, for example, if one of the three comparison results shows that the cognitive dysfunction of the brain injury patient after injury occurs but the brain injury patient after injury is poor, the recovery of the cognitive function of the brain injury patient after injury is evaluated to be poor, and only if the three comparison results show that the cognitive dysfunction of the brain injury patient after injury occurs but the brain injury patient after injury is good, the recovery of the cognitive function of the brain injury patient after injury is finally evaluated to be good.

As can be understood, when the electroencephalogram information chart obtained by testing the brain injury patient is compared with the normal control group, the electroencephalogram under NoGo's manipulation in a brain-injured patient was compared with the electroencephalogram under NoGo's manipulation in a normal control group, the electroencephalogram under Go manipulation of the brain injury patient was compared with the electroencephalogram under Go manipulation of the normal control group, and, similarly, comparing the electroencephalogram time-frequency diagram under the operation of the Nogo of a brain injury patient with the electroencephalogram time-frequency diagram under the operation of the Nogo in a normal control group, comparing the electroencephalogram time-frequency diagram under Go operation of a brain injury patient with the electroencephalogram time-frequency diagram under Go operation of a normal control group, comparing the functional connection caused by the operation of the human Nogo in the brain injury patient electroencephalogram functional connection diagram with the functional connection caused by the operation of the Nogo in a normal control group, the functional connection caused by the operation of Go in the brain injury patient electroencephalogram functional connection diagram is compared with the functional connection caused by the operation of Go in the normal control group.

The electroencephalogram reflects the number of neurons participating in the cognitive process of the brain and the allocated limit of related information resources to a certain extent; the electroencephalogram time-frequency diagram is an energy diagram, reflects the electroencephalogram fluctuation of rhythmicity and oscillatory nature to a certain extent, provides information about the time course of a cognitive processing event and a neural basis, can more effectively display the difference of fine processing, and after brain injury, the oscillatory activity is obviously changed in at least one frequency band and the energy variability is higher (compared with normal people); the electroencephalogram functional connectivity map reflects coordination and communication among a plurality of scattered neurons, neuron groups or a plurality of brain areas to a certain extent, after brain injury, large-range functional connectivity is obviously enhanced, and the electroencephalogram functional connectivity map may be a compensation mechanism for cognitive function loss of brain injury patients in a function recovery stage; therefore, the evaluation of the cognitive function of the brain injury patient after injury is carried out through the comprehensive judgment of the electroencephalogram waveform chart, the electroencephalogram time-frequency chart and the electroencephalogram function connection chart, and the evaluation accuracy is improved.

In one embodiment, the electroencephalographs (electroencephalography under NoGo operation and electroencephalography under Go operation) in the normal control group each include an early wave, a middle wave and a late wave, the early wave includes a positive wave P1 occurring within 100-120 ms and a negative wave N1 occurring within 100-200 ms, and the middle wave includes a positive wave P2 occurring within 180-220 ms; the middle and late waves comprise a negative wave N2 appearing within 200-400 ms, and the late waves comprise a positive wave P3 appearing within 300-700 ms; in addition, the electroencephalograms in the normal control group have a high amplitude characteristic.

Referring to fig. 5 to 7, the result of comparing the electroencephalogram obtained from the brain injury patient test with the electroencephalogram in the normal control group is obtained by:

if the electroencephalograms (electroencephalograms under NoGo operation and electroencephalograms under Go operation) of the brain-injured patients include early waves, middle waves and late waves, the following two conditions are satisfied: compared with the electroencephalogram under the operation of the Nogo in the normal control group, the electroencephalogram under the operation of the Nogo in the brain injury patient has the advantages that the wave amplitudes of the middle-late stage wave and the late stage wave are reduced to 50% -100% of those of the normal control group; compared with the electroencephalogram under Go operation in the normal control group, the amplitude of the late wave in the electroencephalogram under Go operation of the brain injury patient is reduced to 50% -100% of that of the normal control group, namely the amplitude of the late wave in the electroencephalogram under Go operation of the brain injury patient is reduced to 50% -100% of that of the late wave in the electroencephalogram under Go operation in the normal control group; indicating that the cognitive dysfunction appears but the brain injury is good after the brain injury of the brain injury patient;

if the electroencephalogram (electroencephalogram under Nogo operation and electroencephalogram under Go operation) of the brain injury patient does not comprise waves of middle and late stages, the brain injury patient is indicated to have cognitive dysfunction after brain injury but is poor after recovery;

if the electroencephalogram under the NoGo operation of the brain injury patient comprises a middle-late wave and a late wave, and compared with the electroencephalogram under the NoGo operation of the normal control group, the amplitude of the middle-late wave and the amplitude of the late wave of the electroencephalogram under the NoGo operation of the brain injury patient are both reduced to be less than 50% of that of the normal control group, the cognitive dysfunction of the brain injury patient is shown and the brain injury patient is not good after the brain injury;

if the electroencephalogram under the Go operation of the brain injury patient comprises middle and late waves and the electroencephalogram under the Go operation of the brain injury patient is compared with the electroencephalogram under the Go operation of the normal control group, the amplitude of the middle and late waves is reduced to be below 50% of that of the normal control group, and the fact that the brain injury patient is suffered from cognitive dysfunction after brain injury and is poor after brain injury is cured is indicated.

In one embodiment, the electroencephalogram time-frequency graphs in the normal control group (the electroencephalogram time-frequency graph under the operation of Nogo and the electroencephalogram time-frequency graph under the operation of Go) respectively comprise delta waves, theta waves and a plurality of different frequency bands of alpha waves, beta waves and gamma waves, the frequency band of the delta waves is 1-3 Hz, the frequency band of the theta waves is 4-7 Hz, the frequency band of the alpha waves is 8-12 Hz, the frequency band of the beta waves is 13-30 Hz, and the frequency band of the gamma waves is 31-80 Hz; in addition, the electroencephalogram time-frequency diagram in the normal control group has high-energy characteristics.

The comparison result between the electroencephalogram time-frequency graph obtained by testing the brain injury patient and the electroencephalogram time-frequency graph in the normal control group is obtained by the following method:

if the electroencephalogram time-frequency diagram of the brain injury patient (the electroencephalogram time-frequency diagram under the operation of NoGo and the electroencephalogram time-frequency diagram under the operation of Go) comprises delta waves, theta waves, alpha waves, beta waves and gamma waves, and the electroencephalogram time-frequency diagram under the operation of NoGo of the brain injury patient is compared with the electroencephalogram time-frequency diagram under the operation of NoGo in the normal control group, the energy values of the delta waves, the theta waves and the alpha waves are all reduced to 50% -100% of that of the normal control group, namely the energy values of the 5 different frequency band waves under the operation of NoGo are all not more than 50% of that of the normal control group, and the electroencephalogram time-frequency diagram under the operation of Go of the brain injury patient is compared with the electroencephalogram time-frequency diagram under the operation of Go in the normal control group, the energy values of the delta waves, the theta waves, the beta waves and the gamma waves are all reduced to 50% -100% of that of the normal control group, and the energy values of the 5 different frequency band under the operation of the Go are, the cognitive dysfunction appears after the brain injury of the brain injury patient and the brain injury is good after healing; that is, the energy values of various waves under the operation of NoGo are not greatly reduced, and the energy values of various waves under the operation of Go are also not greatly reduced, which indicates that the cognitive dysfunction appears after the brain injury of the brain injury patient and is good after the brain injury is cured; for example, the energy value of the delta wave in the electroencephalogram time-frequency diagram under the NoGo operation of the brain injury patient is only reduced to 85% of that of the normal control group, and the energy value of the delta wave in the electroencephalogram time-frequency diagram under the Go operation of the brain injury patient is only reduced to 90% of that of the normal control group, which indicates that the brain injury patient has cognitive dysfunction but is better after the brain injury;

if the electroencephalogram time-frequency diagram of the brain injury patient comprises delta waves, theta waves, alpha waves, beta waves and gamma waves, the electroencephalogram time-frequency diagram under the operation of the Nogo of the brain injury patient is compared with the electroencephalogram time-frequency diagram under the operation of the Nogo in the normal control group, the energy value of at least one of the delta waves, the theta waves, the alpha waves, the beta waves and the gamma waves is reduced to be less than 50% of that of the normal control group, and the electroencephalogram time-frequency diagram under the operation of the Go of the brain injury patient is compared with the electroencephalogram time-frequency diagram under the operation of the Go in the normal control group, the energy values of the delta waves, the theta waves, the alpha waves, the beta waves and the gamma waves are reduced to be 50% -100% of the normal control group, namely the energy values of the 5 frequency band waves under the operation of the Go do not exceed 50% of the normal control group, the situation that the brain injury patient is suffered from cognitive dysfunction after brain injury but; for example, if the energy value of the theta wave in the electroencephalogram time-frequency diagram under the NoGo operation of the brain injury patient is reduced to 30% of the energy value of the theta wave in the normal control group, and the energy value of the delta wave in the electroencephalogram time-frequency diagram under the Go operation of the brain injury patient is only reduced to 95% of the energy value of the theta wave in the normal control group, the cognitive dysfunction of the brain injury patient is indicated to occur but the brain injury patient is not good after the brain injury. That is, the energy value in the θ wave is greatly decreased under the NoGo operation, and the energy in the θ wave is slightly decreased under the Go operation, which indicates that the brain injury patient has cognitive dysfunction after brain injury but is not good after recovery.

If the brain electrical time-frequency diagram of the brain injury patient lacks any one of delta wave, theta wave, alpha wave, beta wave and gamma wave, the brain injury patient is proved to have cognitive dysfunction after brain injury but is cured badly.

In one embodiment, the functional connections of brain electricity in the normal control group comprise intra-hemispheric connections and inter-hemispheric connections; the hemisphere internal connection is the functional connection of the left hemisphere or the right hemisphere of the brain, and the hemisphere connection is the functional connection between the left hemisphere and the right hemisphere of the brain; in addition, functional connection strength of intra-hemispheric connection in the normal control group is generally high, and functional connection strength of inter-hemispheric connection is generally low.

Referring to fig. 8 to 9, the result of comparing the brain electrical function connectivity map obtained from the brain injury patient test with the brain electrical function connectivity map in the normal control group is obtained by the following method:

if the electroencephalogram functional connection diagram of the brain injury patient comprises intra-hemispheric connection and inter-hemispheric connection, and compared with the electroencephalogram functional connection diagram in the normal control group, the electroencephalogram functional connection diagram of the brain injury patient has the advantages that the functional connection strength of at least one intra-hemispheric connection is weakened to 50% -100% of that of the normal control group, and the functional connection strength of at least one inter-hemispheric connection is enhanced to 100% -150% of that of the normal control group, the cognitive dysfunction appears but the brain injury of the brain injury patient is better;

if the electroencephalogram functional connection diagram of the brain injury patient comprises the intra-hemispheric connection and the inter-hemispheric connection, and compared with the electroencephalogram functional connection diagram in the normal control group, the electroencephalogram functional connection diagram of the brain injury patient has the advantages that the functional connection strength of at least one intra-hemispheric connection is weakened to be below 50% of that of the normal control group, and the functional connection strength of at least one inter-hemispheric connection is enhanced to be above 150% of that of the normal control group, the cognitive dysfunction appears after the brain injury of the brain injury patient and is poor after the brain injury patient is cured. In one embodiment, the intra-hemispheric connection comprises a frontal-central region connection, a frontal-temporal region connection, a temporal-central parietal region connection, an intra-frontal region connection, or an intra-temporal region connection; the connection between hemispheres comprises connection between hemispheres at the bilateral frontal area or connection between hemispheres at the bilateral central apical area. It will be appreciated that the above-described intra-hemispherical connections and inter-hemispherical connections are not limited to the above-described connections.

The embodiment also discloses a system for evaluating the cognitive function of a brain injury patient after injury, which comprises:

the display module is used for presenting a visual stimulus flow to a tester, wherein the visual stimulus flow comprises an execution stimulus flow and a suppression stimulus flow;

the acquisition module is used for acquiring the electroencephalogram signals generated in the process that the tester observes the visual stimulus flow and sending the acquired electroencephalogram signals to the analysis processing module;

the analysis processing module is used for processing the electroencephalogram signal to obtain an electroencephalogram information map, the electroencephalogram information map comprises an electroencephalogram waveform map, an electroencephalogram time-frequency map and an electroencephalogram function connection map, the electroencephalogram information map obtained by testing of normal people is used as a normal contrast group, the electroencephalogram information map obtained by testing of a brain injury patient is compared with the normal contrast group, and whether a first condition, a second condition and a third condition are met is judged:

the first condition is: the comparison result between the electroencephalogram obtained by the brain injury patient test and the electroencephalogram in the normal control group shows that the cognitive dysfunction appears but is better after the brain injury patient is injured;

the second condition is: the comparison result of the electroencephalogram time-frequency diagram obtained by testing the brain injury patient and the electroencephalogram time-frequency diagram in the normal control group shows that the brain injury patient has cognitive dysfunction after injury but is better after injury;

the third condition is: the comparison result of the brain electrical function connection diagram obtained by the brain injury patient test and the brain electrical function connection diagram in the normal control group shows that the brain injury patient has cognitive dysfunction after injury but is better after injury;

and if the analysis processing module judges that the first condition, the second condition and the third condition are simultaneously met, the recovery of the cognitive function of the brain injury patient after injury is finally evaluated to be good, otherwise, the recovery of the cognitive function of the brain injury patient after injury is evaluated to be poor.

In one embodiment, the analysis processing module further includes an electroencephalogram recording synchronization module, and the electroencephalogram recording synchronization module is configured to synchronize the occurrence time frequency of the visual stimulus stream with the time frequency of the induced electroencephalogram signal, so as to complete searching for electroencephalograms induced by the visual stimulus stream at a certain time point, and achieve a purpose of mutual correspondence between the visual stimulus stream and the induced electroencephalograms.

In one embodiment, the acquisition module comprises an electroencephalogram electrode cap and an electroencephalogram amplifier, the electroencephalogram electrode cap is electrically connected with the electroencephalogram amplifier, the electroencephalogram electrode cap comprises a cap body, at least 32 lead electrodes are connected to the cap body to acquire more electroencephalogram information, and the electrode distribution condition refers to fig. 3-4.

In one embodiment, the system for evaluating the post-traumatic cognitive function of the brain injury patient further comprises a visual stimulus stream making module, which is used for making the visual stimulus stream and transmitting the visual stimulus stream to the display module for displaying and presenting.

As described above, electroencephalograms are characterized by amplitude (including peak amplitude and average amplitude), and for example, in normal cognitive function, the late positive wave P3 exhibits a higher amplitude than cognitive dysfunction, and in the case where the above early, middle and late waves are present in the antero-central brain region, the cognitive dysfunction is more severe and the brain damage is worse after the brain damage is cured as the amplitude of the late positive wave P3 of a brain damage patient is lower.

The electroencephalogram time-frequency diagram shows frequency domain changes, is characterized by energy values, and takes physiological region distribution of each frequency band generated by Go operation and Nogo operation of a normal control group as a standard. After the brain is injured, the physiological region distribution of each frequency band changes, the delta wave, the theta wave and the alpha wave of the low frequency band are taken as main changes, and the energy size is taken as an identification characteristic. For example, in normal cognitive function, the theta energy in the low frequency component has a high amplitude compared with that of cognitive dysfunction, and if the value of the theta energy is lower in a brain injury patient, the cognitive dysfunction is more serious, and the brain injury is worse after being cured.

The electroencephalogram function connection diagram reflects space domain change, is characterized by observing function connection strength values guided under different cognitive function conditions among all brain areas in a space domain, and is based on function connection distribution among physiological brain areas of all frequency bands generated by Go operation and Nogo operation of a normal control group. When the brain is injured, the functional connection distribution among physiological brain regions of each frequency band changes, the connection in and among hemispheres is taken as main change, and the functional connection strength is taken as identification characteristic. For example, normal cognitive function has a higher connection strength in the frontal-central area of the intra-hemispheric connection and a lower connection strength in the bilateral frontal area of the inter-hemispheric connection compared to cognitive dysfunction, and if a brain injury patient has a lower intra-hemispheric connection strength and a higher inter-hemispheric connection strength in the corresponding area, the cognitive dysfunction is more serious and the brain injury is worse after the brain injury is cured.

In the whole processing process of periphery-center (brain) -periphery, the brain has an automatic identification and feedback loop for external stimulation information, and the brain electrical loop is influenced by the cognitive dysfunction degree and recovery condition after brain injury. According to the method and the system for evaluating the cognitive function of the brain injury patient after injury, the electroencephalogram signals caused by the execution of the Nogo operation and the Go operation are collected, and the mutual relation between the execution and inhibition of the related visual stimulation, the characteristic electroencephalogram and the corresponding brain area is established, so that the corresponding area part of the brain in the execution and inhibition reaction can be determined; objectively detecting post-injury cognitive function conditions and recovery conditions of various brain injury detectors with different types in the functional recovery period from the advanced cognitive processing level of the brain; can be used for differential diagnosis of acute stage and functional recovery stage cognitive dysfunction.

According to the method and the system for evaluating the cognitive function of the brain injury patient after injury, comprehensive analysis in a time domain, a frequency domain and a space domain is realized through comprehensive judgment of the electroencephalogram waveform diagram, the electroencephalogram time-frequency diagram and the electroencephalogram function connection diagram, errors of a single analysis method are eliminated, whether the cognitive function of a tester is obstructed or not and recovery conditions can be reflected more accurately, and the accuracy of evaluating the cognitive function recovery conditions of the brain injury patient after injury is improved.

The above-mentioned embodiments are merely preferred embodiments for fully illustrating the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. The equivalent substitution or change made by the technical personnel in the technical field on the basis of the invention is all within the protection scope of the invention. The protection scope of the invention is subject to the claims.