阅读说明：本技术 一种分级进料气化炉系统 (Grading feeding gasification furnace system ) 是由 陈智 刘刚 李小宇 任永强 张欢 朱富强 马腾飞 袁悦 于 2021-01-13 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种分级进料气化炉系统,将反应室设置于气化炉壳体内,在反应室的同一反应腔体内设有上下两层布置的烧嘴,下层在同一平面内设有若干个沿反应室壁面周向均匀布置的一级烧嘴,上层在同一平面内设有若干个沿反应室壁面周向均匀布置的二级烧嘴,一级烧嘴与二级烧嘴的旋向相同,在一级烧嘴和二级烧嘴射流形成的一级反应和二级反应过程中产生的高温熔融灰渣在旋流流场离心力作用下向反应室水冷壁运动而被水冷壁壁面捕捉,反应室顶部出口缩口结构能够提高对从反应区逃逸的高温熔融灰渣的捕捉率,从而提高气化炉的捕渣率,两级的旋流流场旋转方向相同,可以降低二级反应的流场对一级反应的流场的影响,保证一级反应的稳定控制。(The invention discloses a gasification furnace system with graded feeding, a reaction chamber is arranged in a gasification furnace shell, an upper layer and a lower layer of burners are arranged in the same reaction cavity of the reaction chamber, a plurality of primary burners are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the wall surface of the reaction chamber in the same plane in the lower layer, a plurality of secondary burners are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the wall surface of the reaction chamber in the same plane in the upper layer, the primary burners and the secondary burners have the same rotating direction, high-temperature molten ash generated in the primary reaction and the secondary reaction processes formed by the jet flow of the primary burners and the secondary burners moves to the water wall of the reaction chamber under the centrifugal force action of a rotational flow field and is captured by the wall surface of the water wall, an outlet necking structure at the top of the reaction chamber can improve the capture rate of the high-temperature molten ash escaping from the reaction zone, thereby improving the slag capture rate of the, the influence of the flow field of the second-stage reaction on the flow field of the first-stage reaction can be reduced, and the stable control of the first-stage reaction is ensured.)

1. A graded feed gasification furnace system is characterized by comprising a gasification furnace feed system and a gasification furnace; the gasifier feed system comprises a pulverized coal feed tank (10) and a pulverized coal pipeline (12);

the gasification furnace comprises a gasification furnace shell (1) and a reaction chamber (3), wherein the reaction chamber (3) is arranged in the gasification furnace shell (1), the outer wall of the reaction chamber (3) is provided with a water-cooled wall (2), the bottom of the reaction chamber (3) is provided with a slag discharge port (6), the top of the reaction chamber (3) is provided with a gas outlet (5), the reaction chamber (3) is internally provided with upper and lower layers of burners, the lower layer is internally provided with a plurality of primary burners (7) which are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the wall surface of the reaction chamber (3) in the same plane, the primary burners (7) are communicated with the reaction chamber (3), and the axes of the primary burners (7) rotate in the same direction and are tangent to; a plurality of secondary burners (9) which are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the wall surface of the reaction chamber (3) are arranged in the same plane on the upper layer, the secondary burners (9) are communicated with the reaction chamber (3), the axes of the secondary burners (9) rotate in the same direction and are tangent to the same circumference, and the rotation directions of the primary burner (7) and the secondary burner (9) are the same;

the lower end of the coal powder feeding tank (10) is at least provided with a coal powder conical hopper (11), and each coal powder conical hopper (11) is connected with a burner of the gasification furnace through a coal powder pipeline (12).

2. A staged feed gasifier system according to claim 1, wherein a first imaginary circle is coaxially aligned with the reaction chamber (3) in the reaction chamber (3), the axis of each of the primary burners (7) is tangential to said first imaginary circle, and the first imaginary circles formed by the jets of the primary burners are rotated in the same direction.

3. A staged feed gasifier system according to claim 1, wherein a second imaginary circle coaxial with the reaction chamber (3) corresponds to the center of the reaction chamber (3), the axis of each secondary burner (9) is tangent to said second imaginary circle, and the direction of rotation of the second imaginary circle formed by the fluid jetted from the secondary burners is the same as the direction of rotation of the first imaginary circle.

4. A progressive feed gasifier system according to claim 2, wherein an even number of primary burners (7) are provided in the lower layer of the reaction chamber (3) in the same plane, uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the wall of the reaction chamber (3).

5. The gasification furnace system with graded feed according to claim 4, wherein the connecting line of the center of the outlet of the primary burner (7) and the center of the first imaginary circle is a first center connecting line, the included angle formed by the axis of the primary burner (7) and the first center connecting line is alpha, and alpha is larger than 0 degree and smaller than or equal to 10 degrees.

6. A staged feed gasifier system according to claim 4, wherein four or six primary burners (7) are arranged in the lower layer in the reaction chamber (3).

7. A staged feed gasifier system according to claim 3, wherein an even number of secondary burners (9) are provided in the same plane in the upper layer of the reaction chamber (3) and are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the wall surface of the reaction chamber (3).

8. The progressive feed gasifier system of claim 7, wherein a line connecting the center of the outlet of the secondary burner (9) and the center of the second imaginary circle is a second center connecting line, and an included angle formed by the axis of the secondary burner (9) and the second center connecting line is β, wherein β is greater than 0 ° and less than or equal to 30 °.

9. The gasification furnace system with the graded feeding as claimed in claim 4, wherein four first-stage burners (7) are arranged on the lower layer in the reaction chamber (3), two second-stage burners (9) are arranged on the upper layer in the reaction chamber (3), the gasification furnace system further comprises two pulverized coal feeding tanks (10) with three pulverized coal conical hoppers (11) arranged at the lower ends, one pulverized coal conical hopper is connected to one second-stage burner (9) in each of the two pulverized coal feeding tanks (10), the other two pulverized coal conical hoppers of one pulverized coal feeding tank (10) are connected to the two first-stage burners (7) at intervals, and the other two pulverized coal conical hoppers of the other pulverized coal feeding tank (10) are connected to the remaining two first-stage burners (7) at intervals.

10. A progressive feed gasifier system according to claim 1, wherein the slag discharge (6) and the gas outlet (5) of the reaction chamber (3) are both of a throat structure, the smallest diameter of which is smaller than the diameter of the reaction chamber; the outlet of the first-stage burner is provided with a first-stage burner cover (8), and the outlet of the second-stage burner is provided with a second-stage burner cover (13).

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of energy chemical technology and equipment, in particular to a graded feed gasification furnace system.

Background

The coal gasification technology is one of key core technologies for clean and efficient utilization of coal, and is a basis for developing an Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) power generation system and a coal-based energy chemical system. There are three main types of coal gasification technologies that are currently being industrialized, including fixed bed gasification, fluidized bed gasification, and entrained flow gasification, wherein entrained flow gasification represents the development of large scale coal gasification technologies.

The two-section entrained-flow bed gasification furnace is one of typical furnace types, a plurality of pulverized coal burners are arranged in a first-section reaction chamber, a plurality of coal water slurry burners are arranged in a second-section reaction chamber, a dry coal powder conveying system supplies pulverized coal to the pulverized coal burners, and a coal water slurry preparing and conveying system supplies coal water to the coal water slurry burners. The outlet temperature of the synthetic gas is greatly reduced by utilizing physical chilling and chemical chilling of the second-stage reaction chamber, but the problems of contamination of a heating surface, low slag capturing rate, insufficient carbon conversion rate of the second-stage reaction and the like are easily caused, and the system is complicated and the efficiency of the system is greatly reduced by adopting a dry coal powder conveying system and a coal water slurry preparing and conveying system.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a graded feed gasification furnace system to overcome the defects of the prior art.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a graded feed gasification furnace system comprises a gasification furnace feed system and a gasification furnace; the gasification furnace feeding system comprises a coal powder feeding tank and a coal powder pipeline;

the gasification furnace comprises a gasification furnace shell and a reaction chamber, the reaction chamber is arranged in the gasification furnace shell, the outer wall of the reaction chamber is provided with a water-cooled wall, the bottom of the reaction chamber is provided with a slag discharge port, the top of the reaction chamber is provided with a gas outlet, the reaction chamber is internally provided with two layers of burners, the lower layer is provided with a plurality of primary burners uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the wall surface of the reaction chamber in the same plane, the primary burners are communicated with the reaction chamber, and the axes of the primary burners rotate in the same direction and are tangent to the same circumference; the upper layer is provided with a plurality of secondary burners uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the wall surface of the reaction chamber in the same plane, the secondary burners are communicated with the reaction chamber, the axes of the plurality of secondary burners rotate in the same direction and are tangent to the same circumference, and the rotation directions of the primary burners and the secondary burners are the same;

the lower end of the pulverized coal feeding tank is at least provided with a pulverized coal conical hopper, and each pulverized coal conical hopper is connected with a burner of the gasification furnace through a pulverized coal pipeline.

Furthermore, a first imaginary circle is coaxially corresponding to the reaction chamber in the reaction chamber, the axis of each primary burner is tangent to the first imaginary circle, and the first imaginary circles formed by the fluid jetted from the primary burners rotate along the same direction.

Furthermore, a second imaginary circle which is coaxial with the reaction chamber corresponds to the center of the reaction chamber, the axis of each secondary burner is tangent to the second imaginary circle, and the rotating direction of the second imaginary circle formed by the fluid jetted from the secondary burner is the same as the rotating direction of the first imaginary circle.

Furthermore, an even number of first-stage burners uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the wall surface of the reaction chamber are arranged in the same plane at the lower layer in the reaction chamber.

Furthermore, a connecting line of the center of the outlet of the first-stage burner and the center of the first imaginary circle is a first center connecting line, an included angle formed by the axis of the first-stage burner and the first center connecting line is alpha, and alpha is more than 0 degree and less than or equal to 10 degrees.

Furthermore, four or six primary burners are arranged at the lower layer in the reaction chamber.

Furthermore, an even number of secondary burners uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the wall surface of the reaction chamber are arranged in the same plane on the upper layer in the reaction chamber.

Furthermore, a connecting line of the center of the outlet of the secondary burner and the center of the second imaginary circle is a second center connecting line, an included angle formed by the axis of the secondary burner and the second center connecting line is beta, and beta is more than 0 degree and less than or equal to 30 degrees.

Further, the lower floor sets up four one-level nozzles in the reacting chamber, the upper strata sets up two second grade nozzles in the reacting chamber, still include that two lower extremes are equipped with the buggy feed tank that three buggy awl was fought, all there is a buggy awl fill to connect in a second grade nozzle in two buggy feed tanks, two other buggy awl fill of one of them buggy feed tank connect in two looks spaced one-level nozzles, two other buggy awl fill of another buggy feed tank connect in two remaining looks spaced one-level nozzles.

Furthermore, the slag discharge port at the bottom and the gas outlet at the top of the reaction chamber are both in a necking structure, and the minimum diameter of the necking structure is smaller than that of the reaction chamber; the outlet of the first-stage burner is provided with a first-stage burner cover, and the outlet of the second-stage burner is provided with a second-stage burner cover.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

the invention relates to a gasification furnace system with graded feeding, which is characterized in that a reaction chamber is arranged in a gasification furnace shell, the outer wall of the reaction chamber is provided with a water-cooled wall, an upper layer and a lower layer of burners are arranged in the same reaction cavity of the reaction chamber, the lower layer is provided with a plurality of primary burners which are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the wall surface of the reaction chamber in the same plane, the primary burners are communicated with the reaction chamber, and the axes of the primary burners rotate along the same direction and are tangent to the same circumference; the upper layer is provided with a plurality of secondary burners which are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the wall surface of the reaction chamber in the same plane, the secondary burners are communicated with the reaction chamber, the axes of the plurality of secondary burners rotate in the same direction and are tangent to the same circumference, the rotational directions of the primary burners and the secondary burners are the same, high-temperature molten ash generated in the primary reaction and the secondary reaction processes formed by the jet flow of the primary burners and the secondary burners moves to the water-cooled wall of the reaction chamber under the centrifugal force action of a rotational flow field and is captured by the wall surface of the water-cooled wall, the top outlet of the reaction chamber can improve the capture rate of the high-temperature molten ash escaping from the reaction area, thereby improving the slag capture rate of the gasification furnace, the rotational directions of the two-stage rotational flow field are the same, the influence of the flow field of the secondary reaction on the flow field of the primary reaction can be reduced, the stable, the gasifier feed system can be simplified.

Furthermore, a connecting line between the center of the outlet of the first-stage burner and the center of the first imaginary circle is a first central connecting line, an included angle formed by the axis of the first-stage burner and the first central connecting line is alpha, alpha is more than 0 degree and less than or equal to 10 degrees, the improvement of the flow field balance of the reaction is facilitated, and the uniform mixing is facilitated.

Furthermore, a slag discharge port and a gas outlet of the reaction chamber are both in a throat structure, the minimum diameter of the throat structure is smaller than the diameter of the reaction chamber, and the throat structure of the outlet at the top of the reaction chamber can improve the capture rate of high-temperature molten ash escaping from the reaction zone and improve the slag capture rate.

Furthermore, two pulverized coal feeding tanks containing three pulverized coal conical hoppers are connected to the system, so that the system is effectively simplified.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an overall system in an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the primary burners of the gasifier in the embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the secondary burners of the gasifier in the embodiment of the invention.

In the figure: 1-a gasification furnace shell; 2-water cooling wall; 3-a reaction chamber; 4-an annular space; 5-a gas outlet; 6-a slag discharge port; 7-a first-stage burner; 8-a first-stage burner cover; 9-a secondary burner; 10-a pulverized coal feed tank; 11-coal powder cone; 12-a pulverized coal pipeline; 13-secondary burner cap.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the detailed description. The following examples or figures are illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

For a better understanding of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings of the embodiments, and the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1, a staged feed gasifier system includes a gasifier feed system and a gasifier; the gasifier feed system comprises a pulverized coal feed tank 10 and a pulverized coal pipeline 12;

the gasification furnace comprises a gasification furnace shell 1 and a reaction chamber 3, the reaction chamber 3 is arranged in the gasification furnace shell 1, the outer wall of the reaction chamber 3 is provided with a water-cooled wall 2, the bottom of the reaction chamber 3 is provided with a slag discharge port 6, the top of the reaction chamber 3 is provided with a gas outlet 5, a section of reaction chamber 3 is internally provided with a reaction cavity, the same reaction cavity is internally provided with burners which are arranged in an upper layer and a lower layer, the lower layer is internally provided with a plurality of primary burners 7 which are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the wall surface of the reaction chamber 3 in the same plane, the primary burners 7 are communicated with the reaction chamber 3, and the axes of the primary; a plurality of secondary burners 9 uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the wall surface of the reaction chamber 3 are arranged in the same plane on the upper layer, the secondary burners 9 are communicated with the reaction chamber 3, the axes of the secondary burners 9 rotate in the same direction and are tangent to the same circumference, and the rotation directions of the primary burners 7 and the secondary burners 9 are the same;

the lower end of the pulverized coal feeding tank 10 is at least provided with one pulverized coal conical hopper 11, and each pulverized coal conical hopper 11 is connected with a burner of the gasification furnace through a pulverized coal pipeline 12.

The pulverized coal flow rate regulating system, the pulverized coal flow regulating system and the pulverized coal flow measuring system are arranged on the pulverized coal pipeline, and pulverized coal in the pulverized coal pipeline enters the gasification furnace through the coal burner after flow regulation and flow measurement.

Specifically, a first imaginary circle coaxially corresponds to the reaction chamber 3 in the reaction chamber 3, the axis of each primary burner 7 is tangent to the first imaginary circle, and the first imaginary circles formed by the fluid jetted from the primary burners rotate in the same direction; the burners on the upper layer are secondary burners 9, the secondary burners 9 are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the wall surface of the reaction chamber, the secondary burners 9 are communicated with the reaction chamber, a second imaginary circle coaxial with the reaction chamber 3 corresponds to the center of the reaction chamber 3, the axis of each secondary burner 9 is tangent to the second imaginary circle, and the rotating direction of the second imaginary circle formed by fluid jetted from the secondary burners is the same as that of the first imaginary circle.

As shown in FIG. 2, in the present application, an even number of first-stage burners 7 uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the wall surface of the reaction chamber 3 are arranged in the same plane at the lower layer in the reaction chamber 3; specifically, a connecting line of the center of the outlet of the primary burner 7 and the center of the first imaginary circle is a first center connecting line, an included angle formed by the axis of the primary burner 7 and the first center connecting line is alpha, and alpha is more than 0 degree and less than or equal to 10 degrees;

as shown in fig. 3, an even number of secondary burners 9 uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the wall surface of the reaction chamber 3 are arranged in the same plane at the upper layer in the reaction chamber 3; the line between the center of the outlet of the secondary burner 9 and the center of the second imaginary circle is a second center connecting line, the included angle formed by the axis of the secondary burner 9 and the second center connecting line is beta, and beta is more than 0 degree and less than or equal to 30 degrees.

The bottom slag discharge port of the reaction chamber 3 is of a throat structure, and the minimum diameter of the throat structure is smaller than that of the reaction chamber.

The gas outlet at the top of the reaction chamber is of a necking structure, and the minimum diameter of the necking structure is smaller than the diameter of the reaction chamber.

The primary burners are arranged on the same height surface, and the primary burners are arranged at the middle lower section of the reaction chamber; the secondary burners are arranged on the same height surface, and the secondary burners are arranged at the middle-upper section of the reaction chamber.

The water-cooled wall is arranged in the gasification furnace shell, and a gasification furnace annular space is formed between the water-cooled wall and the gasification furnace shell.

Specifically, four or six primary burners 7 are adopted, four or six primary burners 7 are arranged at the lower layer in the reaction chamber 3, four primary burners 7 are adopted, and the four primary burners 7 are distributed in the reaction chamber 3 at equal intervals; specifically, this application adopts two second grade nozzles 9, and upper strata sets up two second grade nozzles 9 in reacting chamber 3, and second grade nozzle 9 axisymmetric sets up in reacting chamber 3.

The outlet of the first-stage burner is provided with a first-stage burner cover 8, and the outlet of the second-stage burner is provided with a second-stage burner cover 13.

It is specific, the lower floor sets up four one-level nozzles 7 in this application reacting chamber 3, the upper strata sets up two second grade nozzles 9 in reacting chamber 3, still include that two lower extremes are equipped with the buggy feed tank 10 that three buggy awl was fought 11, all there is a buggy awl fill to connect in a second grade nozzle 9 in two buggy feed tank 10, two other buggy awl fill of one of them buggy feed tank 10 connect in two looks spaced one-level nozzles 7, other two buggy awl fill of another buggy feed tank 10 connect in two remaining looks spaced one-level nozzles 7, the system is effectively simplified.

The gasification furnace reaction chamber is provided with a plurality of burners uniformly arranged at an upper layer and a lower layer, the burner at the lower layer is a first-stage burner, the burner at the upper layer is a second-stage burner, when the gasification furnace operates, the average temperature of the first-stage reaction in the region of the first-stage burner can reach more than 1400-1500 ℃, the second-stage burner and the first-stage burner are positioned in the same reaction chamber and are close to each other, the second-stage reaction in the region of the second-stage burner can more utilize the high temperature of the first-stage reaction, and the reaction rate and the carbon conversion rate of.

The gasification furnace is provided with a reaction chamber, the lower part of the reaction chamber is provided with a plurality of primary burners, and the upper part of the reaction chamber is provided with a plurality of secondary burners. The reaction chamber adopts a water-cooled wall structure, the top outlet and the bottom outlet of the reaction chamber are both in a necking structure, the primary burner and the secondary burner are uniformly arranged in a tangential combustion mode, a rotational flow field is formed in the reaction chamber, high-temperature molten ash and unburned carbon particles formed in the primary reaction and the secondary reaction move towards the water-cooled wall of the reaction chamber under the centrifugal force action of the rotational flow field and are more easily captured by the wall surface of the water-cooled wall, and therefore the slag capture rate of the gasification furnace can be improved by more than five to ten percent; the temperature control of the first-stage reaction is the key of the operation of the gasification furnace, the rotational directions of the two-stage rotational flow fields are the same, the influence of the flow field of the second-stage reaction on the flow field of the first-stage reaction can be reduced, and the stable control of the first-stage reaction is ensured; the coal powder feeding tank is adopted to supply coal powder to the feeding system of the plurality of burners through the plurality of coal powder pipelines, so that the feeding system of the gasification furnace can be simplified.

Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made on the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments without departing from the scope of the embodiments of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.