阅读说明：本技术 一种综合防控柑橘溃疡病的组合剂及防控方法 (Combined agent for comprehensively preventing and controlling citrus canker and prevention and control method ) 是由 黄宏平 赵伏伟 毕美超 朱杰 别文力 于 2021-07-07 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种综合防控柑橘溃疡病的组合剂及防控方法,该组合剂包括50％氯溴异氰尿酸可溶性粉剂和77％硫酸铜钙可湿性粉剂,两者质量比为5-6:8-10。采用该组合剂分别在新梢长度2-3㎝时、新叶展开后或第一次药后约15天时、第二次用药后约15天时三次喷施植株,对柑橘溃疡病具有显著的防效。(The invention discloses a combined agent for comprehensively preventing and controlling citrus canker and a prevention and control method thereof, wherein the combined agent comprises 50% of chlorobromoisocyanuric acid soluble powder and 77% of copper calcium sulfate wettable powder, and the mass ratio of the chlorobromoisocyanuric acid soluble powder to the copper calcium sulfate wettable powder is 5-6: 8-10. The plant is sprayed by the composition for three times when the young sprout length is 2-3 cm, the new leaf is unfolded or about 15 days after the first time of pesticide application and about 15 days after the second time of pesticide application respectively, so that the composition has obvious prevention effect on citrus canker.)

1. The composition for comprehensively preventing and controlling the citrus canker is characterized by comprising 50 percent of chlorobromoisocyanuric acid soluble powder and 77 percent of copper calcium sulfate wettable powder.

2. The combination according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the 50% chlorobromoisocyanuric acid soluble powder to the 77% copper calcium sulfate wettable powder is 5-6: 8-10.

3. The combination according to claim 2, wherein the mass ratio of the 50% chlorobromoisocyanuric acid soluble powder to the 77% copper calcium sulfate wettable powder is 1: 2.

4. The combination of claim 1, wherein the combination is a foliar spray.

5. The combination according to claim 4, wherein the combination is prepared by adding 200g of 77% copper calcium sulfate wettable powder and 100g of 50% chlorobromoisocyanuric acid soluble powder into 100kg of water.

6. The method for preventing and controlling the citrus canker is characterized by comprising the following steps:

a. when the young sprout length is 2-3 cm, the composition agent of any one of claims 1-5 is adopted to carry out comprehensive agent spraying on citrus plants;

b. (ii) applying a full dose spray of the composition of any one of claims 1 to 5 to the citrus plant 15 days after the new leaves are unfolded or after the first dose;

c. (iii) a third application 15 days after the second application in step b, a full dose spray of the citrus plant is applied with the combination according to any of claims 1-5.

7. The prevention and control method according to claim 6, wherein the comprehensive spraying of the chemical agent is to spray both the front and back surfaces of the leaf surface and spray both the inner chamber and the outer leaves.

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of pest control, in particular to a combined agent for comprehensively controlling citrus canker and a control method.

Background

The citrus canker pathogen is Xanthomonas carpi (academic name: Xanthomonas campestris pv. citri (Hasse) Dye), mainly harmful leaves, branches and tips, fruits and sepals. After the plants are damaged, fallen leaves, fallen fruits and weak tree vigor exist, and the damaged fruits have poor appearance; when the seedlings are damaged, leaves fall off, branches and tips are dry, growth is hindered, outplanting is delayed, leaves fall off when serious, and the whole seedlings die. The citrus canker is a disease in the world and is also one of important diseases in citrus producing areas in China. In China, except for most of Sichuan and in Guizhou, the occurrence is different. The incidence of orchard losses is generally 10-20%, and the serious incidence can reach more than 30%. At 25-30 ℃, the rainfall is positively correlated with the disease onset. There is a peak of onset in the growth of new shoots each time, especially in summer and autumn. Once citrus canker develops, it is very difficult to treat.

The existing prevention and control medicament and method for citrus canker are single, depend on copper prevention, lack of effective treatment means, cannot perform comprehensive and systematic prevention and control, and have poor effect, for example, Chua Shuhua '77% copper calcium sulfate WP prevention and control citrus canker drug effect test' (Fujian agricultural science, No. 6 2011). At present, the single use of copper calcium sulfate for preventing citrus canker has the following defects: 1) the copper calcium sulfate has no systemic property, cannot kill pathogenic bacteria invading into plants, only has protective effect, has no treatment effect, and has poor prevention and treatment effect. 2) The release speed of copper sulfate calcium copper ions is low, pathogenic bacteria cannot be killed quickly, and the base number of the pathogenic bacteria is reduced, so that the prevention and treatment effect is poor. The chlorobromoisocyanuric acid alone is used for preventing and treating citrus canker, and the problems that the medicament has short duration, only 3-7 days, cannot prevent and control the invasion of pathogenic bacteria in the young sprout stage for a long time and the like exist.

Therefore, the finding of a combined medicament for comprehensively preventing and controlling citrus canker and a prevention and control method are necessary for ensuring the yield of citrus and improving the quality of citrus.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a combined agent for comprehensively preventing and controlling citrus canker with high prevention effect and a prevention and control method.

The invention provides a combined agent for comprehensively preventing and controlling citrus canker, which comprises 50 percent of chlorobromoisocyanuric acid soluble powder and 77 percent of copper calcium sulfate wettable powder.

Specifically, the mass ratio of 50% chlorobromoisocyanuric acid soluble powder to 77% copper calcium sulfate wettable powder is 5-6: 8-10.

Preferably, the mass ratio of the 50% chlorobromoisocyanuric acid soluble powder to the 77% copper calcium sulfate wettable powder is 1: 2.

Specifically, the composition is a foliar spray, and the preparation method of the composition is to add 200g of 77% copper calcium sulfate wettable powder and 100g of 50% chlorobromoisocyanuric acid soluble powder into 100kg of water.

The copper calcium sulfate is a medicament which has proper copper ion release speed, low phytotoxicity risk and easy mixing, and mainly releases copper ions gradually by acidification of plant surface water, and is combined with proteins of germs to ensure that protease of the germs is denatured and died, thereby playing the role of inhibiting germ germination and hypha development. The dosage form of the copper calcium sulfate is wettable powder, has the characteristics of safety and long lasting period, and has a prevention effect on citrus canker.

The chlorobromoisocyanuric acid is a quick-acting broad-spectrum bactericide, and when the chlorobromoisocyanuric acid is sprayed on the surface of crops, Cl and Br can be slowly released to form hypochlorous acid (HOCl) and bromic acid (HOBr), so that the chlorobromoisocyanuric acid has a strong killing effect on bacteria, fungi and viruses which harm the crops. The chlorobromoisocyanuric acid has systemic property, and can be used for treating citrus canker.

The invention also provides a method for preventing and controlling the citrus canker, which is simple and has a more reasonable medicament using period, and is different from the common mode that the first medicament application is carried out 7 days before germination, the second medicament application is carried out after leaf unfolding and the third medicament application is carried out 15 days after the first medicament application in the commonly used using period for preventing and controlling the citrus canker at present, so that the method is more accordant with the infection characteristics of the citrus canker and is favorable for improving the prevention effect.

The method for comprehensively preventing and controlling the citrus canker comprises the following steps:

a. when the young sprout length is 2-3 cm, the comprehensive agent for comprehensively preventing and controlling the citrus canker is adopted to carry out comprehensive agent spraying on citrus plants.

b. After the new leaves are unfolded, namely about 15 days after the first medicine, the comprehensive agent for preventing and controlling the citrus canker is adopted to carry out comprehensive agent spraying on citrus plants.

c. And c, carrying out comprehensive medicament spraying on the citrus plants by adopting the combined preparation for comprehensively preventing and controlling the citrus canker at an interval of about 15 days after the third medicament is applied in the step b, namely after the second medicament is applied.

The comprehensive medicament spraying means that both the front and the back of the leaf surfaces need to be sprayed during spraying, and both the inner chamber and the outer leaves need to be sprayed.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the combined agent for comprehensively preventing and controlling the citrus canker has the characteristics of easy obtaining, low toxicity, environmental safety, combination of protection and treatment, quick effect and prevention effect, and the prevention effect is up to 66.1 percent after the combined agent for comprehensively preventing and controlling the citrus canker is used. In addition, according to the infection characteristics of the citrus canker, a more appropriate leaf surface spraying period is selected, the combined agent has obvious prevention effect on the citrus canker, and the prevention and control method is simple and has high operability and popularization and application values.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further illustrated and described with reference to the following examples, but the examples described are only a part of the examples of the present invention, and not all of the examples. All other inventions and embodiments based on the present invention and obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without any creative effort belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

The experimental procedures used in the following examples are all conventional procedures unless otherwise specified.

Materials, reagents and the like used in the following examples are commercially available unless otherwise specified.

Example 1 comparative experiments on field control

The method comprises the steps of selecting a citrus orchard with similar growth vigor and canker disease spots on old leaves as a test object, and carrying out treatment setting according to the test scheme of table 1, wherein the treatment is repeated for 3 times, and the treatment is repeated for 3 trees.

The administration time is as follows:

the first medication: and at 13 months in 5, the first batch of new sprouts is 2-3 cm. And (3) second medication: 23 days 5 months, first young shoot leaf-expanding period, second summer bud germination period. The third time of medication: 6 months and 6 days. The amount of the liquid medicine sprayed each time is respectively as follows: 1.75L, 1.25L and 1.25L.

TABLE 1 drug administration protocol settings

The investigation method comprises the following steps: 28 days after the last (3) times of medicine application, selecting two trees per treatment, selecting 5 diseased shoots from the south, the west and the north of each tree, grading according to the number of diseased spots, and counting disease indexes.

The investigation results are shown in table 2, and it can be seen from table 2 that the control effect of the single 77% copper calcium sulfate wettable powder is 57.8%, the control effect of the 50% chlorobromoisocyanuric acid soluble powder is 32%, and the control effect of the 77% copper calcium sulfate + 50% chlorobromoisocyanuric acid combined control medicament of the invention on citrus canker reaches 66.1%, and the effect is obviously superior to the single control effect of the two medicaments, which indicates that the two medicaments have significant synergistic effect. The secondary prevention effect is 66.1 percent of 46 percent of copper hydroxide, but the medicament cannot be mixed, so that the labor cost is increased. The 77% copper calcium sulfate wettable powder and the 0.3% tetramycin aqueous solution are combined, the effect is excellent, but the tetramycin is over high in price, and the popularization and application prospect is limited. In conclusion, the cost performance of the combined prevention and control medicament 77 percent of copper calcium sulfate wettable powder and 50 percent of chlorobromoisocyanuric acid soluble powder is highest.

Table 2 investigation results of prevention and control effects of citrus canker by using combined medicaments