阅读说明：本技术 一种双激励纵扭复合超声振动装置 (Double-excitation longitudinal-torsional composite ultrasonic vibration device ) 是由 赵学奇 马原 许超 于 2021-07-22 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及超声振动加工技术领域,特指一种双激励纵扭复合超声振动装置,包括用于产生纵向超声振动的两个超声振子、用于将两个超声振子产生的纵向超声振动转化为纵扭复合振动的变幅杆以及用于切削材料的刀具,两个超声振子之间呈角度倾斜以及相互交错的固定安装在变幅杆上端两侧,变幅杆的下端与刀具固定连接。采用这样的结构设置,超声振子产生的纵向超声振动以一定角度传递到变幅杆时,会产生轴向分量和径向分量,轴向分量使变幅杆下端作纵向振动,径向分量使变幅杆下端作扭转振动,传递到变幅杆的波形相互叠加,则在变幅杆的下端产生纵扭复合振动,并作用力于刀具,实现对材料的切削加工,有利于减小切削力和提高加工效率,改善加工质量。(The invention relates to the technical field of ultrasonic vibration processing, in particular to a double-excitation longitudinal-torsional composite ultrasonic vibration device which comprises two ultrasonic vibrators for generating longitudinal ultrasonic vibration, an amplitude transformer for converting the longitudinal ultrasonic vibration generated by the two ultrasonic vibrators into longitudinal-torsional composite vibration and a cutter for cutting materials, wherein the two ultrasonic vibrators are fixedly arranged on two sides of the upper end of the amplitude transformer in an angle-inclined and mutually staggered manner, and the lower end of the amplitude transformer is fixedly connected with the cutter. By adopting the structure, when the longitudinal ultrasonic vibration generated by the ultrasonic vibrator is transmitted to the amplitude transformer at a certain angle, an axial component and a radial component can be generated, the axial component enables the lower end of the amplitude transformer to vibrate longitudinally, the radial component enables the lower end of the amplitude transformer to vibrate in a torsional mode, and waveforms transmitted to the amplitude transformer are mutually superposed, so that longitudinal-torsional composite vibration is generated at the lower end of the amplitude transformer, and an acting force is exerted on a cutter, so that the cutting processing of materials is realized, the cutting force is reduced, the processing efficiency is improved, and the processing quality is improved.)

1. The utility model provides a compound ultrasonic vibration device of double excitation indulge and turn round which characterized in that: the ultrasonic vibration cutting machine comprises two ultrasonic vibrators (1) for generating longitudinal ultrasonic vibration, an amplitude transformer (2) for converting the longitudinal ultrasonic vibration generated by the two ultrasonic vibrators (1) into longitudinal-torsional composite vibration and a cutter (5) for cutting materials, wherein the two ultrasonic vibrators (1) are obliquely arranged at an angle and fixedly arranged on two sides of the upper end of the amplitude transformer (2) in a mutually staggered mode, and the lower end of the amplitude transformer (2) is fixedly connected with the cutter (5).

2. A dual excitation torsional compound ultrasonic vibration device as defined in claim 1, wherein: the ultrasonic vibrator (1) comprises a rear cover plate (101), a fastener (102), a plurality of electrode plates (103) and a plurality of piezoelectric ceramic plates (104), wherein the electrode plates (103) and the piezoelectric ceramic plates (104) are axially and alternately arranged and fixed between the rear cover plate (101) and an amplitude transformer (2), the polarization directions of the two adjacent piezoelectric ceramic plates (104) are opposite, the fastener (102) penetrates through the rear cover plate (101), the electrode plates (103) and the piezoelectric ceramic plates (104) and is fixed on the amplitude transformer (2), and the electrode plates (103) are connected with an electric energy transmission system circuit.

3. A dual excitation torsional composite ultrasonic vibration device as defined in claim 2, wherein: the number of the electrode plates (103) is equal to that of the piezoelectric ceramic plates (104) and is even, and the electrode plates (103) are made of copper sheets or silver-plated copper sheets.

4. A dual excitation torsional composite ultrasonic vibration device as defined in claim 2, wherein: the ultrasonic vibrator mounting structure is characterized in that two inclined planes (201) which are arranged in a staggered mode and used for mounting the ultrasonic vibrators (1) are arranged at the upper end of the amplitude transformer (2), threaded holes (202) matched with the fasteners (102) are vertically formed in the inclined planes (201), a mounting flange (203) is arranged on the outer circumferential face of the middle portion of the amplitude transformer (2), at least one annular groove (204) is formed in the upper end face and the lower end face of the mounting flange (203), and the depth of the annular groove (204) is larger than or equal to half of the thickness of the mounting flange (203).

5. The double-excitation torsional composite ultrasonic vibration device according to claim 4, characterized in that: the inclined angle of the inclined surface (201) ranges from 0 degree to 90 degrees.

6. A dual excitation torsional compound ultrasonic vibration device as defined in claim 1, wherein: the lower end of the amplitude transformer (2) is fixedly connected to the cutter (5) through the chuck (3) and the pressing cap (4), an external thread (205) matched with the pressing cap (4) is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the lower end of the amplitude transformer (2), a taper hole (206) used for installing the chuck (3) is formed in the lower end of the amplitude transformer (2), one end of the cutter (5) is arranged in the chuck (3) installed in the taper hole (206) in a penetrating mode, and is screwed on the external thread (205) at the lower end of the amplitude transformer (2) through the pressing cap (4), and one end of the cutter (5) is locked at the lower end of the amplitude transformer (2).

7. A dual excitation torsional compound ultrasonic vibration device as defined in claim 1, wherein: the lower end of the amplitude transformer (2) is fixedly connected to the cutter (5) through hot fitting or cold fitting.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of ultrasonic vibration processing, in particular to a double-excitation longitudinal-torsional composite ultrasonic vibration device.

Background

In the existing ultrasonic processing, longitudinal ultrasonic vibration is generally adopted, the axial impact force is large, the surface processing effect of the hard and brittle material is influenced, and researches show that longitudinal-torsional composite vibration is more beneficial to reducing cutting force, improving processing efficiency and improving processing quality. There are two main methods for realizing longitudinal-torsional composite ultrasonic vibration: firstly, the piezoelectric ceramic plate is polarized along the tangential direction, but the method has the advantages of complex process, large processing difficulty and high rejection rate, and the prepared transducer has small power and large loss of torsional moment; secondly, the amplitude transformer adopts special structural design, such as an inclined groove type, a spiral groove type and a mortise and tenon type, so that when longitudinal waves generated by the transducer are obliquely incident into the groove, torsional vibration is generated, but the inclined grooves can only convert part of longitudinal vibration into torsional vibration, and the torsional vibration is transmitted in the solid amplitude transformer, energy loss is caused due to friction among internal materials, and the final torsional component is very small.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a double-excitation longitudinal-torsional composite ultrasonic vibration device, which realizes larger torsional vibration amplitude output, improves the longitudinal-torsional conversion efficiency, is convenient for replacing different cutters and is suitable for rotary ultrasonic processing of materials with high hardness and strong brittleness.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme applied by the invention is as follows:

the double-excitation longitudinal-torsional composite ultrasonic vibration device comprises two ultrasonic vibrators for generating longitudinal ultrasonic vibration, a variable amplitude rod for converting the longitudinal ultrasonic vibration generated by the two ultrasonic vibrators into longitudinal-torsional composite vibration and a cutter for cutting materials, wherein the two ultrasonic vibrators are fixedly arranged on two sides of the upper end of the variable amplitude rod in an angle-inclined manner and mutually staggered manner, and the lower end of the variable amplitude rod is fixedly connected with the cutter.

According to the scheme, the ultrasonic vibrator comprises a rear cover plate, a fastening piece, a plurality of electrode plates and a plurality of piezoelectric ceramic pieces, the electrode plates and the piezoelectric ceramic pieces are axially and alternately arranged and fixed between the rear cover plate and the amplitude transformer, the polarization directions of the two adjacent piezoelectric ceramic pieces are opposite, the fastening piece penetrates through the rear cover plate, the electrode plates and the piezoelectric ceramic pieces and then is fixed on the amplitude transformer, and the electrode plates are in circuit connection with the electric energy transmission system.

According to the scheme, the number of the electrode plates is equal to that of the piezoelectric ceramic plates and is even, and the electrode plate material is a copper sheet or a silver-plated copper sheet.

According to the scheme, the upper end of the amplitude transformer is provided with two inclined planes which are arranged in a staggered mode and used for mounting the ultrasonic vibrators, threaded holes matched with the fasteners are vertically formed in the inclined planes, the outer circumferential surface of the middle portion of the amplitude transformer is provided with the mounting flange, the upper end face and the lower end face of the mounting flange are provided with at least one annular groove, and the depth of the annular groove is larger than or equal to half of the thickness of the mounting flange.

According to the scheme, the inclination angle of the inclined surface ranges from 0 degree to 90 degrees.

According to the scheme, the lower end of the amplitude transformer is fixedly connected to the cutter through the chuck and the pressing cap, the outer circumferential surface of the lower end of the amplitude transformer is provided with an external thread matched with the pressing cap, a taper hole used for installing the chuck is formed in the lower end of the amplitude transformer, one end of the cutter is arranged in the chuck of the taper hole in a penetrating mode and is screwed on the external thread at the lower end of the amplitude transformer through the pressing cap, and one end of the cutter is locked at the lower end of the amplitude transformer.

According to the scheme, the lower end of the amplitude transformer is fixedly connected to the cutter through hot fitting or cold fitting.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

by adopting the structure, when the longitudinal ultrasonic vibration generated by the ultrasonic vibrator is transmitted to the amplitude transformer at a certain angle, an axial component and a radial component are generated, the axial component enables the lower end of the amplitude transformer to vibrate longitudinally, the radial component enables the lower end of the amplitude transformer to vibrate in a torsional mode, and waveforms transmitted to the amplitude transformer are mutually superposed, so that longitudinal-torsional composite vibration is generated at the lower end of the amplitude transformer, and acts on a cutter, and the cutting processing of the material is realized.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a dual-excitation longitudinal-torsional composite ultrasonic vibration device according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a dual-excitation torsional-composite ultrasonic vibration device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the structure of a horn according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a dual-excitation longitudinal-torsional composite ultrasonic vibration device in the second embodiment of the present invention.

1. An ultrasonic vibrator; 2. an amplitude transformer; 3. a chuck; 4. pressing the cap; 5. a cutter; 101. a rear cover plate; 102. a fastener; 103. an electrode sheet; 104. piezoelectric ceramic plates; 201. an inclined surface; 202. a threaded hole; 203. installing a flange; 204. an annular groove; 205. an external thread; 206. a taper hole;

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

The first embodiment is as follows:

as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the dual-excitation longitudinal-torsional composite ultrasonic vibration device of the present invention includes two ultrasonic vibrators 1 for generating longitudinal ultrasonic vibration, a horn 2 for converting the longitudinal ultrasonic vibration generated by the two ultrasonic vibrators 1 into longitudinal-torsional composite vibration, and a cutter 5 for cutting a material, wherein the two ultrasonic vibrators 1 are fixedly mounted on two sides of an upper end of the horn 2 in an inclined angle and staggered manner, and a lower end of the horn 2 is fixedly connected to the cutter 5. The above constitutes the basic structure of the present invention.

The invention adopts the structure arrangement, and the working principle is as follows: when longitudinal ultrasonic vibration generated by the ultrasonic vibrator 1 is transmitted to the amplitude transformer 2 at a certain angle, an axial component and a radial component are generated, the axial component enables the lower end of the amplitude transformer 2 to vibrate longitudinally, the radial component enables the lower end of the amplitude transformer 2 to vibrate in a torsional mode, waveforms transmitted to the amplitude transformer 2 are mutually superposed, longitudinal-torsional composite vibration is generated at the lower end of the amplitude transformer 2, and force is applied to the cutter 5, and cutting processing of materials is achieved.

In this embodiment, the ultrasonic vibrator 1 includes a back cover plate 101, a fastening member 102, a plurality of electrode pads 103, and a plurality of piezoelectric ceramic plates 104, the plurality of electrode pads 103 and the plurality of piezoelectric ceramic plates 104 are axially and alternately arranged and fixed between the back cover plate 101 and the horn 2, polarization directions of two adjacent piezoelectric ceramic plates 104 are opposite, the fastening member 102 passes through the back cover plate 101, the plurality of electrode pads 103, and the plurality of piezoelectric ceramic plates 104 and then is fixed on the horn 2, and the electrode pads 103 are electrically connected to the power transmission system. With this arrangement, the plurality of electrode pads 103 and the plurality of piezoceramic wafers 104 are connected in series by the fasteners 102, and assembly is very simple. In practical application, it is necessary to ensure close contact between the electrode plates 103, the piezoelectric ceramic plates 104 and the horn 2 during assembly.

In the embodiment, the number of the electrode pads 103 is equal to or even than that of the piezoelectric ceramic pieces 104, and the electrode pads 103 are made of copper sheets or silver-plated copper sheets.

In this embodiment, the upper end of the horn 2 is provided with two inclined surfaces 201 which are arranged in a staggered manner and used for mounting the ultrasonic vibrators 1, the inclined surfaces 201 are vertically provided with threaded holes 202 matched with the fasteners 102, the outer circumferential surface of the middle part of the horn 2 is provided with a mounting flange 203, the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the mounting flange 203 are provided with at least one annular groove 204, and the depth of the annular groove 204 is greater than or equal to half of the thickness of the mounting flange 203. By adopting the structure, the two ultrasonic vibrators 1 are conveniently assembled on the amplitude transformer 2. In practical application, the lower end of the cutter 5 should be an antinode in an ultrasonic resonance mode, the amplitude is the largest, the mounting flange 203 should be a node in the ultrasonic resonance mode, the ideal amplitude is 0, and the annular groove 204 has a vibration reduction effect, so that the ultrasonic vibration is prevented from being transmitted to a machine tool spindle through the cutter handle.

In this embodiment, the inclined surface 201 has an inclination angle ranging from 0 ° to 90 °.

In this embodiment, the lower end of the horn 2 is fixedly connected to the cutter 5 through the chuck 3 and the pressing cap 4, the outer circumferential surface of the lower end of the horn 2 is provided with an external thread 205 matched with the pressing cap 4, the inner portion of the lower end of the horn 2 is provided with a tapered hole 206 for installing the chuck 3, one end of the cutter 5 is arranged in the chuck 3 installed in the tapered hole 206 in a penetrating manner, and is screwed on the external thread 205 at the lower end of the horn 2 through the pressing cap 4, so that one end of the cutter 5 is locked at the lower end of the horn 2. By adopting the structure, the cutter 5 is fixed at the lower end of the amplitude transformer 2 through the chuck 3 and the pressing cap 4, the assembly is very convenient, wherein the chuck 3 can be an ER spring chuck, an SK chuck and the like which are common in the market, and the machining cutters 5 with different diameters can be conveniently replaced.

Example two:

in this embodiment, the lower end of the horn 2 is fixedly attached to the cutter 5 by hot or cold fitting. The difference between the second embodiment and the first embodiment is: the connecting mode of the amplitude transformer 2 and the cutter 5 is hot charging, and the embodiment is the connecting mode of the clamping head 3 and the pressing cap 4.

While the embodiments of the present invention have been described, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, which are only illustrative and not restrictive, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims.