阅读说明：本技术 三个雨量传感器融合系统 (Three rainfall sensor fusion system ) 是由 张鑫 李昌兴 雷勇 邵楠 张雪芬 汪洲 黄剑钊 宋树礼 严国威 张明 庞文静 于 2020-12-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了三个雨量传感器融合系统,在雨量融合计算中,所有与雨量相关变量的取值均用传感器输出脉冲数代替,对于0.1mm的雨量传感器,融合计算式中变量取值除以10才是雨量要素值；S1：分钟雨量融合值初步计算,根据三个雨量传感器当前分钟降水量观测值的相互关系,计算分钟降水量融合的初始取值；S2：计算三个雨量传感器分钟值与分钟融合初始取值的差值；S3：计算三个雨量传感器的累积雨量偏差；S4：分钟雨量融合值修正量计算；S5：融合值和累积雨量偏差值的修正,其值为B；S6：传感器状态判断；S7：环境因素对修正的值进一步修正,其值为A。同时,减少了人工数据处理及维护的工作量,为地面气象观测业务自动化提供良好的基础。(The invention discloses a fusion system of three rainfall sensors, wherein in rainfall fusion calculation, values of all variables related to rainfall are replaced by the number of sensor output pulses, and for a rainfall sensor with the thickness of 0.1mm, the value of the variable in a fusion calculation formula is divided by 10 to obtain a rainfall element value; s1: preliminarily calculating a minute rainfall fusion value, and calculating an initial value of the minute rainfall fusion according to the mutual relation of the current minute rainfall observation values of the three rainfall sensors; s2: calculating the difference value between the minute value and the minute fusion initial value of the three rainfall sensors; s3: calculating the accumulated rainfall deviation of the three rainfall sensors; s4: calculating the correction quantity of the minute rainfall fusion value; s5: correcting the fusion value and the accumulated rainfall deviation value, wherein the value is B; s6: judging the state of the sensor; s7: the environmental factor further modifies the modified value, which is a. Meanwhile, the workload of manual data processing and maintenance is reduced, and a good foundation is provided for the automation of ground meteorological observation service.)

1. Three rainfall sensor fuses system, its characterized in that includes: in the rainfall fusion calculation, all values of variables related to rainfall are replaced by the output pulse number of the sensor, and for a rainfall sensor with the thickness of 0.1mm, the value of the rainfall element is obtained by dividing the value of the variables in the fusion calculation formula by 10;

s1: preliminarily calculating a minute rainfall fusion value, and calculating an initial value of the minute rainfall fusion according to the mutual relation of the current minute rainfall observation values of the three rainfall sensors;

s2: calculating the difference value between the minute value and the minute fusion initial value of the three rainfall sensors;

s3: calculating the accumulated rainfall deviation of the three rainfall sensors;

s4: calculating the correction quantity of the minute rainfall fusion value;

s5: correcting the fusion value and the accumulated rainfall deviation value, wherein the output value is B;

s6: judging the state of the sensor;

s7: the environmental factor further modifies the modified value to output a value a.

2. The three rainfall sensor fusion system of claim 1 wherein: the environmental factors include temperature, relative humidity, and altitude, with temperature represented by T, relative humidity represented by RH, and altitude represented by H.

3. The three rainfall sensor fusion system of claim 2 wherein: satisfy a ═ a | B, and a ═ T/25-1 × (H/800-1) × (RH/0.3-1).

4. The three rainfall sensor fusion system of claim 3 wherein: the maximum humidity is the maximum humidity of the month of the last year.

5. The three rainfall sensor fusion system of claim 2 wherein: RH-absolute humidity/maximum humidity.

6. The three rainfall sensor fusion system of claim 2 wherein: satisfy a ═ a | B, and a ═ T/20-1 × (H/400-1) × (RH/0.4-1).

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of precipitation data processing, in particular to a fusion system of three rainfall sensors.

Background

At present, rainfall sensors used in ground meteorological observation services are divided into a tipping bucket type and a weighing type.

The tipping bucket type rainfall sensor consists of a water bearing device (the caliber is 20cm, the area is 314 cm)²) The collected precipitation enters the upper tipping bucket through the funnel, and when the rainfall is accumulated to a certain amount, the upper tipping bucket overturns under the action of the gravity of the precipitation, and the precipitation enters the collecting funnel. When precipitation is injected into the metering tipping bucket from the throttling pipe of the collecting hopper, and when the precipitation amount born by the metering tipping bucket is 0.1mm, the metering tipping bucket dumps the precipitation to the counting tipping bucket, so that the counting tipping bucket overturns once. When the counting tipping bucket is turned over, the magnetic steel related to the counting tipping bucket scans the reed pipe once. The reed switch is instantaneously closed once due to magnetization. Therefore, when the precipitation amount reaches 0.1mm each time, a switching signal is sent out, and the collector automatically collects and stores the signal.

Only one rainfall sensor collects rainfall, and once an instrument fails, is blocked, is struck by lightning, or is influenced by environment to cause observation data to be deficient or abnormal, the integrity of the data is influenced, and the rainfall information cannot be accurately acquired.

Disclosure of Invention

1. Technical problem to be solved

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a fusion system of three rainfall sensors, which is characterized in that precipitation quantity values of the three tipping bucket rainfall sensors are collected, even if one sensor is in fault, blocked and other abnormal conditions occur, other normal working rainfall sensors acquire fusion rainfall information through an intelligent fusion algorithm, and data can be calibrated according to temperature and humidity, so that the fusion system is more accurate.

2. Technical scheme

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.

In the rainfall fusion calculation, all values of variables related to rainfall are replaced by the output pulse number of the sensor, and for a rainfall sensor with the thickness of 0.1mm, the value of the rainfall element is obtained by dividing the value of the variables in the fusion calculation formula by 10;

s1: preliminarily calculating a minute rainfall fusion value, and calculating an initial value of the minute rainfall fusion according to the mutual relation of the current minute rainfall observation values of the three rainfall sensors;

s2: calculating the difference value between the minute value and the minute fusion initial value of the three rainfall sensors;

s3: calculating the accumulated rainfall deviation of the three rainfall sensors;

s4: calculating the correction quantity of the minute rainfall fusion value;

s5: correcting the fusion value and the accumulated rainfall deviation value, wherein the value is B;

s6: judging the state of the sensor;

s7: the environmental factor further modifies the modified value, which is a.

In some embodiments, the environmental factors include temperature, relative humidity, and altitude, with temperature represented by T, relative humidity represented by RH, and altitude represented by H.

In some embodiments, the output terminal of the main collector is connected to the input terminal of the integrated hardware controller.

In some embodiments, a ═ a | B, and a ═ T/25-1) × (H/800-1) × (RH/0.3-1) are satisfied.

In some embodiments, the maximum humidity is the maximum humidity of the month of the previous year.

In some embodiments, RH ═ absolute humidity/maximum humidity.

In some embodiments, a ═ a | B, and a ═ T/20-1) × (H/400-1) × (RH/0.4-1) are satisfied.

3. Advantageous effects

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

(1) according to the scheme, the rainfall values of the three rainfall sensors are collected, and an intelligent fusion algorithm is applied, so that the data loss of a single sensor is effectively solved, and the integrity and the continuity of observation data are guaranteed; the abnormal value of minute precipitation generated when the instrument is blocked or broken down is well eliminated, and more accurate precipitation data are provided for business, service and scientific research. Meanwhile, the workload of manual data processing and maintenance is reduced, and a good foundation is provided for the automation of ground meteorological observation service.

(2) The rainfall collection and fusion control module collects the rainfall values of the three tipping bucket type rainfall sensors, the calculation processing is carried out through the written intelligent fusion algorithm program, and the final output data is corrected, so that more accurate rainfall values are obtained.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a rainfall sensor detection system according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention; it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any inventive work are within the scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1, in the rainfall fusion calculation, all values of variables related to rainfall are replaced by the number of sensor output pulses, and for a rainfall sensor with 0.1mm, the value of the variable in the fusion calculation formula is divided by 10 to obtain a rainfall element value;

s1: preliminarily calculating a minute rainfall fusion value, and calculating an initial value of the minute rainfall fusion according to the mutual relation of the current minute rainfall observation values of the three rainfall sensors;

s2: calculating the difference value between the minute value and the minute fusion initial value of the three rainfall sensors;

s3: calculating the accumulated rainfall deviation of the three rainfall sensors;

s4: calculating the correction quantity of the minute rainfall fusion value;

s5: correcting the fusion value and the accumulated rainfall deviation value, wherein the value is B;

s6: judging the state of the sensor;

s7: the environmental factor further modifies the modified value, which is a.

The environmental factors include temperature, relative humidity, and altitude, with temperature represented by T, relative humidity represented by RH, and altitude represented by H.

And the output end of the main collector is connected with the input end of the comprehensive integrated hardware controller.

The maximum humidity is the maximum humidity of the month of the last year.

RH-absolute humidity/maximum humidity.

Satisfy a ═ a | B, and a ═ T/20-1 × (H/400-1) × (RH/0.4-1).

The output pulse numbers of the three rainfall sensors in the minute are respectively set as R1, R2 and R3, and if the output values of the three rainfall sensors are completely the same, the R takes the value of R1, R2 or R3; if only two rainfall sensors have the same output value, R takes the same values of the two rainfall sensors; if the output values of the three rainfall sensors are different, R takes the median of the output values of the three rainfall sensors, namely:

if R1 ═ R2 ═ R3, then R ═ R1;

if R1 ═ R2 ≠ R3, then R ═ R1;

if R2 ═ R3 ≠ R1, then R ═ R2;

if R3 ═ R1 ≠ R2, then R ═ R3;

if R1 ≠ R2 ≠ R3, then R ═ the median of R1, R2, and R3.

The second step is that: calculating the difference value between the minute value and the minute fusion initial value of the three rainfall sensors

D₁＝R₁–R

D₂＝R₂–R

D₃＝R₃–R

In the formula D₁、D₂And D₃And the minute output values of the three rainfall sensors and the minute are respectively fused with the deviation of the initial value.

The third step: calculating cumulative rainfall deviation of three rainfall sensors

D_1R＝D_1R+D₁

D_2R＝D_2R+D₂

D_3R＝D_3R+D₃

In the formula, D on the right side of equal sign_1R、D_2RAnd D_3RThe historical accumulated rainfall deviation (not including the current minute) of three rainfall sensors is added to the value of the accumulated rainfall deviation (second step calculation result) of the current minute, namely the accumulated rainfall deviation (D on the left of equal sign) of each sensor including the current minute_1R、D_2RAnd D_3R)。

The fourth step: calculation of minute rainfall fusion value correction

Judging the accumulated rainfall deviation values of the three rainfall sensors, and if the deviation values of two rainfall sensors are both more than or equal to 1, selecting the smaller one of the two corrected values; if the deviation values of the two rainfall sensors are less than or equal to-1, the larger one of the two values is taken as the correction value; if not, the correction value is 0, namely:

if D is_1R>＝1,D_2R>When 1 is equal, DR is equal to MIN (D)_1R,D_2R)；

If D is_2R>＝1,D_3R>When 1, DR is MIN (D)_2R,D_3R)；

If D is_3R>＝1,D_1R>When 1, DR is MIN (D)_3R,D_1R)；

If D is_1R<＝-1,D_2R<When DR is not greater than-1, MAX (D)_1R,D_2R)；

If D is_2R<＝-1,D_3R<When DR is not greater than-1, MAX (D)_2R,D_3R)；

If D is_3R<＝-1,D_1R<When DR is not greater than-1, MAX (D)_3R,D_1R)；

Otherwise: DR is 0

In the formula, DR is the correction quantity of the minute rainfall fusion value, and the value is represented by that in the fusion process, two rainfall sensors have more than one turn (output pulse, including the output pulse in the minute) and do not count the minute rainfall fusion, and the minute rainfall fusion value in the minute is counted; conversely, a negative DR value means that the two rainfall sensors both have more than one turn (output pulse, including output pulse in this minute) and are counted in advance into the minute rainfall fusion value, and should be subtracted from the minute rainfall fusion value.

The fifth step: correction of fusion and accumulated rainfall deviation values

The minute precipitation fusion value is added with a correction value on the basis of the preliminarily calculated fusion value, and the accumulated precipitation deviations of the three quantity sensors are respectively subtracted with the correction value on the basis of the original deviation value. Namely:

R＝R+DR

D_1R＝D_1R-DR

D_2R＝D_2R-DR

D_3R＝D_3R-DR

in the formula, R on the left of the equal sign is a corrected minute precipitation fusion value, if R is 0, the result is marked as no correction, and if R is not equal to 0, the result is marked as correction; left side of equal sign D_1R、D_2RAnd D_3RAnd historical accumulated precipitation deviation (including the current minute) of the three rainfall sensors is used for calculating the fusion correction value of the next minute.

And a sixth step: sensor state determination

If the absolute value of the deviation between the minute value of a certain quantity sensor and the minute fusion value is more than 2, the current minute state of the sensor is marked as suspicious, otherwise, the sensor is marked as normal (except for missing measurement); when the accumulated precipitation is less than 10mm, if the accumulated deviation of a certain rainfall sensor exceeds 0.4mm, the accumulated precipitation state of the rainfall sensor is marked as suspicious, and the other is marked as normal.

Example 1:

when the altitude is 800 or more, when the monthly average temperature is 25 ℃ or more, the relative humidity is 30% or more, and the relative humidity is 40% or less, a ═ a | B, and a ═ T/25-1 × (H/800-1) × (RH/0.3-1) are satisfied, and the final output precipitation amount is a.

Example 2:

when the altitude is 800 or less, and the average temperature in the month is 25 ℃ or less, the relative humidity is 40% or more, and a ═ a | B and a ═ T/20-1 × (H/400-1) × (RH/0.4-1) are satisfied, and the final precipitation amount is a.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention; the scope of the invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art should be able to cover the protection scope of the present invention by equivalent or modified solutions and modifications within the technical scope of the present disclosure.