阅读说明：本技术 单级直列大功率两极双凹坑单相永磁步进电机 (Single-stage in-line high-power two-pole double-pit single-phase permanent magnet stepping motor ) 是由 邵金泽 于 2019-10-09 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种单级直列大功率两极双凹坑单相永磁步进电机是由：两极性永磁转子,定子,激磁线圈,转子轴,上端盖,下端盖,转子轴轴承,转子轴驱动齿轮,控制器,控制器锁紧螺母,左霍尔传感器联动调节器,右霍尔传感器联动调节器,正极激磁线圈接线柱,负极激磁线圈接线柱,压盘,压盘紧固螺栓,电机定位螺栓,缸盖,缸体,动力输出轴,动力输出轴从动齿轮,动力输出轴轴承,飞轮,离合器,油底壳,放油螺栓,机油加注螺栓孔以及磁控触发器和驱动器组成,本发明是一种全新结构概念的新型电动机它突破了传统电动机的基本概念,为未来电动机的发展引领了前进的方向。(A single-stage in-line high-power two-pole double-pit single-phase permanent magnet stepping motor is composed of: the invention relates to a bipolar permanent magnet motor, which comprises a bipolar permanent magnet rotor, a stator, an excitation coil, a rotor shaft, an upper end cover, a lower end cover, a rotor shaft bearing, a rotor shaft driving gear, a controller locking nut, a left Hall sensor linkage regulator, a right Hall sensor linkage regulator, a positive excitation coil terminal, a negative excitation coil terminal, a pressure plate fastening bolt, a motor positioning bolt, a cylinder cover, a cylinder body, a power output shaft driven gear, a power output shaft bearing, a flywheel, a clutch, an oil pan, an oil drain bolt, an engine oil filling bolt hole, a magnetic control trigger and a driver.)

1. A single-stage in-line high-power two-pole double-pit single-phase permanent magnet stepping motor is characterized by comprising: the dual-polarity permanent magnet motor comprises a bipolar permanent magnet rotor, a stator, an exciting coil, a rotor shaft, an upper end cover, a lower end cover, a rotor shaft bearing, a rotor shaft driving gear, a controller locking nut, a left Hall sensor linkage regulator, a right Hall sensor linkage regulator, a positive exciting coil terminal, a negative exciting coil terminal, a pressure plate fastening bolt, a motor positioning bolt, a cylinder cover, a cylinder body, a power output shaft driven gear, a power output shaft bearing, a flywheel, a clutch, an oil pan, an oil drain bolt, an engine oil bolt filling hole and a magnetic control trigger and a driver, wherein the mutual position and the assembly relation are as follows: the bipolar permanent magnet assembly is formed by assembling bipolar permanent magnets on a rotor shaft, the rotor shaft (4) is respectively assembled and connected with an upper end cover (11) and a lower end cover (12) through an upper rotor shaft bearing (15) and a lower rotor shaft bearing (15), a stator (13) is assembled and connected with the upper end cover (11) and the lower end cover (12) through bolts, a motor positioning fastening bolt (14) is connected with the lower end cover (12) through a cylinder body (10), a left Hall sensor linkage regulator (3) and a right Hall sensor linkage regulator (23) are respectively assembled and connected on the left side and the right side of the upper end cover (11) through bolts, a pressure plate (9) connects the cylinder body (10) and the upper end cover (11) through a pressure plate fastening bolt (8), an excitation coil positive input end (2) is assembled and fixed on the left pressure plate (9), an excitation coil negative input end (7) is assembled and fixed on the right side (9), a controller (6) is assembled with a rotor shaft (4) through a controller locking nut (5), a rotor shaft driving gear (16) is assembled at the lower end of the rotor shaft (4) and meshed with a power output shaft driven gear (17), the power output shaft driven gear (17) is assembled and fixed on a power output shaft (20), the power output shaft (20) is respectively connected with a cylinder body (10) through a front power output shaft bearing and a rear power output shaft bearing (18), a cylinder cover (1) is assembled on the cylinder body (10) through bolts, an oil pan (21) is assembled below the cylinder body (10) through bolts, an oil drain bolt (22) is assembled on an oil drain hole of the oil pan (21), an oil filling bolt hole (24) is opened on the cylinder body (10), a flywheel (19) is assembled at the tail end of the power output shaft, a clutch is assembled on the flywheel (19), an excitation coil is wound on a stator iron core and is divided into a positive input end (2) of the excitation coil and a negative input end (7) of the excitation coil The left Hall sensor linkage regulator (3) and the right Hall sensor linkage regulator (23) are respectively connected with the magnetic control trigger and are connected with the driver.

2. The single-stage in-line high-power two-pole two-pit single-phase permanent magnet stepping motor of claim 1, wherein: the included angle of the center connecting line between the inner circle openings of the stator is 40 degrees.

3. The single-stage in-line high-power two-pole two-pit single-phase permanent magnet stepping motor according to claim 1, wherein the stator structure is a circular half-moon split structure.

4. The single-stage in-line high-power two-pole two-pit single-phase permanent magnet stepping motor of claim 1, wherein: the left and right Hall sensor linkage regulator is formed by assembling a left regulator and a right regulator with a Hall circuit board assembly.

5. The single-stage in-line high-power two-pole two-pit single-phase permanent magnet stepping motor of claim 1, wherein: the controller is a controller assembly formed by respectively embedding two bipolar magnetic shoes with 40-degree included angles at two ends of a clamping groove on a base with 40-degree included angles at two ends of the clamping groove.

6. The single-stage in-line high-power two-pole two-pit single-phase permanent magnet stepping motor of claim 1, wherein: the design principle of the size of the opening on the inner circle of the stator must follow that R is more than or equal to (R2-R1)/2 + 2, R is the radius of the opening, R1 is the radius of the inner hole of the stator, and R2 is the radius of the outer edge of the inner hole of the stator.

7. The single-stage in-line high-power two-pole two-pit single-phase permanent magnet stepping motor of claim 1, wherein: the power output shaft can output power by using the front end or the flywheel at the tail end, and when the flywheel at the tail end is used for outputting power, a clutch is required to be additionally arranged.

Technical Field

The invention and the stepping motor technology are improved and innovated on the basis of the single-stage high-power dipolar double-pit single-phase permanent magnet stepping motor invented by the inventor, in particular to the field of electric drive of electric tricycles, electric automobiles and the like.

Background

The defects of high-speed torque, small transverse volume, overlarge size and the like of the motor are found through long-time running and a large number of experiments of the original single-stage high-power dipolar double-pit single-phase permanent magnet stepping motor, and in order to effectively make up the defects, the motor is structurally distributed in an in-line mode, and one-stage speed change is added, so that the torque output of the motor is greatly improved, the transverse volume is further reduced, and meanwhile, a good basic environment is also improved for the heat dissipation of the motor.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to develop a single-stage in-line high-power two-pole double-pit single-phase permanent magnet stepping motor with a brand new structure concept by comprehensive improvement and innovation on the basis of the single-stage high-power two-pole double-pit single-phase permanent magnet stepping motor, and provide power for electric tricycles, electric automobiles and the like.

The invention aims to realize that a single-stage high-power two-pole double-pit single-phase permanent magnet stepping motor assembly is embedded and assembled in a cylinder body in an in-line mode, a driven gear on a power output shaft is driven by a driving gear on a rotor shaft so as to output power from the front end of the power output shaft or output power through a flywheel at the tail end of the power output shaft, and when the flywheel is used as a power output end, a clutch needs to be assembled on the flywheel, and the specific implementation technical scheme is as follows: a single-stage in-line high-power two-pole double-pit single-phase permanent magnet stepping motor is composed of: the bipolar permanent magnet rotor, the stator, excitation coil, the rotor shaft, the upper end cover, the lower end cover, rotor shaft bearing, rotor shaft drive gear, a controller, controller lock nut, left hall sensor coordinated regulator, right hall sensor coordinated regulator, anodal excitation coil terminal, negative pole excitation coil terminal, the pressure disk, pressure disk fastening bolt, motor location fastening bolt, the cylinder cap, the cylinder body, power output shaft driven gear, power output shaft bearing, the flywheel, the clutch, the oil pan, the oil drain bolt, the machine oil filling bolt hole to and magnetic control trigger and driver constitute, its mutual position and assembly relation are: the bipolar permanent magnet is assembled on a rotor shaft to form a bipolar permanent magnet rotor assembly as shown in figure (4), the rotor shaft (4) as shown in figure 1 is respectively assembled and connected with an upper end cover (11) and a lower end cover (12) through an upper rotor shaft bearing and a lower rotor shaft bearing (15), a stator (13) is respectively assembled and connected with the upper end cover (11) and the lower end cover (12) through bolts, a motor positioning fastening bolt (14) is connected with the lower end cover (12) through a cylinder body (10), a left Hall sensor linkage regulator (3) and a right Hall sensor linkage regulator (23) are respectively assembled and connected on the left side and the right side of the upper end cover (11) through a sliding groove center adjusting bolt, a pressure plate (9) connects the cylinder body (10) and the upper end cover (11) through a fastening pressure plate bolt (8), an excitation coil positive input end (2) is assembled and fixed on the left pressure plate (9), an excitation coil negative input end (7) is assembled and fixed on the, a controller (6) is assembled with a rotor shaft (4) through a controller locking nut (5), a rotor shaft driving gear (16) is assembled at the lower end of the rotor shaft (4) and meshed with a power output shaft driven gear (17), the power output shaft driven gear (17) is assembled and fixed on a power output shaft (20), the power output shaft (20) is respectively connected with a cylinder body (10) through a front power output shaft bearing and a rear power output shaft bearing (18), a cylinder cover (1) is assembled on the cylinder body (10) through bolts, an oil pan (21) is assembled below the cylinder body (10) through bolts, an oil drain bolt (22) is assembled on an oil drain hole of the oil pan (21), an oil filling bolt hole (24) is opened on the cylinder body (10), a flywheel (19) is assembled at the tail end of the power output shaft, a clutch is assembled on the flywheel (19), an excitation coil is wound on a stator iron core, shown in figure 2, and passes through an excitation coil input end (2) and an excitation coil negative pole input end (2 7) The left Hall sensor linkage regulator (3) and the right Hall sensor linkage regulator (23) are respectively connected with the magnetic control trigger, and the driver is connected with the reference figure (11).

Compared with the prior single-stage high-power dipolar double-pit single-phase permanent magnet stepping motor and the traditional common motor, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

(1) because the one-stage speed change is added, the output of high-speed torque is greatly improved compared with the output of the original single-stage high-power two-pole double-pit single-phase permanent magnet motor.

(2) Because the motor adopts the in-line arrangement structure layout, the transverse space occupation ratio is greatly reduced compared with the original single-stage high-power dipolar double-pit single-phase permanent magnet motor.

(4) Because the motor adopts the in-line arrangement structure overall arrangement to improve good basic environment for the heat dissipation of motor, can increase the water course in the cylinder body according to actual need in the future and increase the water cooling facility for the motor.

(5) Because the first-stage speed change is added, compared with the original single-stage high-power two-pole double-pit single-phase permanent magnet motor, the starting torque of the motor is greatly improved.

(6) The device has no rated power, rated rotating speed and rated torque, and only has maximum power, maximum torque and maximum rotating speed.

(7) The external sensor regulator is adopted, so that the debugging is more convenient and the design is more reasonable compared with the original built-in regulator.

(8) Compared with the common motor, the low-speed performance is superior, the motor is the king of torque in the motor, and the active running is the passive running of the motor and is a generator.

(9) The self-independent braking function of the self-generating electric motor is essentially different from the power generation braking of the traditional common motor, the self-independent braking function of the self-generating electric motor can generate electricity externally during braking, the braking torque is very large and is incomparable to the power generation braking of the common motor, and the power generation braking of the common motor is realized after power generation and braking, but the self-independent braking function of the self-generating electric motor is realized after power generation and braking.

Drawings

The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples:

fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a single-stage in-line high-power two-pole double-pit single-phase permanent magnet stepping motor: the oil-gas separator comprises a cylinder cover (1), an excitation coil anode input end (2), a left Hall sensor linkage regulator (3), a rotor shaft (4), a controller locking nut (5), a controller (6), an excitation coil cathode input end (7), a pressure plate locking nut (8), a pressure plate (9), a cylinder body (10), an upper end cover (11), a lower end cover (12), a stator (13), a motor positioning and fastening bolt (14), a rotor shaft bearing (15), a rotor shaft driving gear (16), a power output shaft driven gear (17), a power output shaft bearing (18), a flywheel (19), a power output shaft (20), an oil pan (21), an oil drain bolt (22), a right Hall sensor linkage regulator (23) and an engine oil bolt hole filling (24).

Fig. 2 is a structure diagram of a stator silicon steel sheet: 1-positioning hole, and the included angle of the central connecting line between two gaps of the inner circle of the stator is 40 degrees.

Fig. 3 is a structural parameter diagram of a stator silicon steel sheet: r-opening radius R1-stator inner hole radius R2-stator inner hole outer edge radius.

Fig. 4 is an overall structure diagram of a permanent magnet bipolar rotor: 1-bipolar permanent magnet 2-rotor shaft.

FIG. 5 is a motor assembly structure view: 1-controller 2-rotor shaft 3-left Hall sensor linkage adjuster 4-controller locking nut 5-upper end cover 6-right Hall sensor linkage adjuster 7-stator 8-lower end cover 9-rotor shaft bearing 10-rotor shaft drive gear.

FIG. 6 is a right regulator assembly block diagram: (A) the included angles between the two ends of the regulator and the central line are respectively 50 degrees and 40 degrees from 1 to the regulating chute 2 to the Hall sensor wiring socket 3 to the regulator 4 to the Hall sensor assembly assembling interface (B) to the regulator.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the left adjuster assembly: (A) the included angles between the two ends of the regulator (B) and the central line are respectively 40 degrees and 50 degrees from 1, the Hall sensor wiring socket 2, the regulating chute 3, the Hall sensor assembly assembling interface 4, the regulator (B) regulator and the central line.

FIG. 8 is a diagram of a Hall sensor circuit board assembly: (A) the right Hall sensor circuit board assembly (B) is a left Hall sensor circuit board assembly.

FIG. 9 is a diagram of a controller assembly structure: (A) 1-base 2-S type magnetic shoe, the included angle of both ends is 40 degrees 3-N type magnetic shoe, the included angle of both ends is 40 degrees 4-base shaft hole 5-magnetic shoe groove, the included angle of both ends is 40 degrees (B) controller base.

FIG. 10 shows the circuit diagrams of the magnetic control trigger assembly (A), (B), (C) and (D).

FIG. 11 is a circuit diagram of a motor drive assembly.

Fig. 12 is a structural schematic diagram of a single-stage in-line high-power two-pole two-pit single-phase permanent magnet stepping motor.

Detailed Description

A single-stage in-line high-power two-pole double-pit single-phase permanent magnet stepping motor is composed of: the bipolar permanent magnet rotor, the stator, excitation coil, the rotor shaft, the upper end cover, the lower end cover, rotor shaft bearing, rotor shaft drive gear, a controller, controller lock nut, left hall sensor coordinated regulator, right hall sensor coordinated regulator, anodal excitation coil terminal, negative pole excitation coil terminal, the pressure disk, pressure disk fastening bolt, motor location fastening bolt, the cylinder cap, the cylinder body, power output shaft driven gear, power output shaft bearing, the flywheel, the clutch, the oil pan, the oil drain bolt, the machine oil filling bolt hole to and magnetic control trigger and driver constitute, its mutual position and assembly relation are: the bipolar permanent magnet is assembled on a rotor shaft to form a bipolar permanent magnet rotor assembly as shown in figure (4), the rotor shaft (4) as shown in figure 1 is respectively assembled and connected with an upper end cover (11) and a lower end cover (12) through an upper rotor shaft bearing and a lower rotor shaft bearing (15), a stator (13) is respectively assembled and connected with the upper end cover (11) and the lower end cover (12) through bolts, a motor positioning fastening bolt (14) is connected with the lower end cover (12) through a cylinder body (10), a left Hall sensor linkage regulator (3) and a right Hall sensor linkage regulator (23) are respectively assembled and connected on the left side and the right side of the upper end cover (11) through a sliding groove center adjusting bolt, a pressure plate (9) connects the cylinder body (10) and the upper end cover (11) through a pressure plate fastening bolt (8), an excitation coil positive pole input end (2) is assembled and fixed on the left pressure plate (9), an excitation coil negative pole input end (7) is assembled and, a controller (6) is assembled with a rotor shaft (4) through a controller locking nut (5), a rotor shaft driving gear (16) is assembled at the lower end of the rotor shaft (4) and meshed with a power output shaft driven gear (17), the power output shaft driven gear (17) is assembled and fixed on a power output shaft (20), the power output shaft (20) is respectively connected with a cylinder body (10) through a front power output shaft bearing and a rear power output shaft bearing (18), a cylinder cover (1) is assembled on the cylinder body (10) through bolts, an oil pan (21) is assembled below the cylinder body (10) through bolts, an oil drain bolt (22) is assembled on an oil drain hole of the oil pan (21), an oil filling bolt hole (24) is opened on the cylinder body (10), a flywheel (19) is assembled at the tail end of the power output shaft, a clutch is assembled on the flywheel (19), an excitation coil is wound on a stator iron core, shown in figure 2, and passes through an excitation coil input end (2) and an excitation coil negative pole input end (2 7) The reference figure 11 is respectively connected with the positive and negative output ends of the driver, the left Hall sensor linkage regulator (3) and the right Hall sensor linkage regulator (23) are respectively connected with the magnetic control trigger, the reference figures 10 and 11 are respectively connected with the driver, and the concrete technical solution is as follows: the single-stage high-power two-pole double-pit single-phase permanent magnet stepping motor assembly is embedded and assembled in a cylinder body in an in-line mode, due to the fact that an in-line embedded structural layout is adopted, a good basic environment is provided for heat dissipation of a motor, the heat dissipation of the motor can adopt air cooling or water cooling, when water cooling is adopted, a water channel can be easily designed and increased in the cylinder body, an engine oil filling hole is formed in the cylinder body and used for filling engine oil into an oil pan, the motor can output power through the front end of a power output shaft and can also output power through a flywheel at the tail end of the power output shaft, when power is output through the flywheel, a clutch can be assembled on the flywheel, and the design of the magnetic field intensity of a stator exciting coil and the: impedance (ohm) = 2 × 3.14159 = F (operating frequency) × inductance (mH), setting the required 360ohm impedance, therefore: the inductance (mH) = impedance (ohm) ÷ (2 × 3.14159) ÷ F (operating frequency) = 360 = (2 × 3.14159) ÷ 7.06 = 8.116mH from which the number of winding turns can be calculated: turns = [ inductance { (18 × turn diameter (inches)) (40 × turn length (inches)) } ]/turn diameter (inches) empirical formula L = (k × μ 0 μ S × N2 × S)/L where μ 0 is vacuum permeability =4 pi × 10 (-7). (negative seventh power of 10) μ S is the relative permeability of the core inside the coil, μ S = 1N 2 is the cross-sectional area of the coil squared for the number of coil turns in an air coil, in meters squared l length of the coil, in meters k factor, depending on the ratio of the radius (R) to the length (l) of the coil. The calculated inductance is in henry (H).

The calculation formula of the magnetic field intensity is as follows: h = N × I/Le formula: h is the magnetic field intensity with the unit of A/m; n is the number of turns of the excitation coil; i is the excitation current (measured value), in units, a; le is the effective magnetic path length of the test sample in m. Magnetic induction intensity calculation formula: b = Φ/(N × a) formula: b is magnetic induction intensity with the unit of Wb/m ^ 2; Φ is the induced magnetic flux (measured value) in Wb; n is the number of turns of the induction coil; a is the effective sectional area of the test sample, and the unit is m ^ 2.

The size of the radius of the stator opening is a key factor for determining the torque of the motor, the motor torque is greatly reduced if the radius of the stator opening is too small, and a large number of experiments prove that the design of the radius of the stator opening follows the following principle: r is not less than (R2-R1)/2 + 2R-opening radius R1-stator inner hole radius R2-stator inner hole outer edge radius is shown in figure 3, the included angle of the center connecting line between the stator openings is 40 degrees, and the purpose of the stator silicon steel sheet adopting the round half-moon split type structure is to facilitate the winding of the exciting coil to be shown in figure 2. The Hall sensor linkage regulator assembly comprises a left Hall sensor linkage regulator assembly and a right Hall sensor linkage regulator assembly, the right Hall sensor linkage regulator assembly is formed by welding a right regulator assembly and a Hall sensor circuit board assembly together in a combined manner, Hall circuit board assemblies Hall 1 and Hall 2 are welded on the position of a right regulator assembly assembling interface 4 as shown in figures 6 and 8, the left regulator assembly as shown in figure 7 and the right regulator assembly as shown in figure 6 have included angles of 40 degrees and 50 degrees and 40 degrees respectively between the two ends of the left regulator assembly and the horizontal central line, the pulse timing of the motor can be regulated by loosening a central bolt fixed in a regulator sliding groove, the left Hall sensor linkage regulator assembly is formed by welding a left regulator assembly and a Hall sensor circuit board assembly together in a combined manner, the Hall circuit board assemblies Hall 3 and Hall 4 are welded on the position of a left regulator assembly assembling interface 3 as shown in figures 7 and 8, the controller is shown in figure 9 and is composed of a base and two bipolar magnetic shoes, the base is made of engineering plastics or iron materials, the included angle of two ends of a clamping groove embedded with the magnetic shoes on the base is 40 degrees, the included angle of two ends of the bipolar magnetic shoes is also 40 degrees, the controller is shown in figure 9, the magnetic control trigger is shown in figure 10, the driver is shown in figure 11, the existing mature technology of the single-stage high-power bipolar double-pit single-phase permanent magnet stepping motor adopts 12V or 24V for power supply, and when a high-power MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tube cannot meet the power requirement, an IGBT (.

Principle of operation

When the rotor is driven by the driver to run, the driving gear on the rotor shaft drives the driven gear on the power output shaft to drive the power output shaft to rotate clockwise so as to output power from the front end of the power output shaft or output power through the flywheel at the tail end of the power output shaft, the output from the front end or the output through the flywheel at the tail end is determined according to actual conditions, the oil sump is filled with engine oil for splash lubrication of the driving gear of the rotor shaft, the driven gear of the power output shaft and bearings of all parts, the detailed working principle of the motor is seen in the figure 12.