阅读说明：本技术 控制装置 (Control device ) 是由 不破康宏 于 2019-08-01 设计创作，主要内容包括：控制装置(30)应用于系统(100),该系统(100)具备：旋转电机(10),能够将多个绕组样式的某个切换为通电对象绕组；以及逆变器(20),与直流电源(40)连接,通过使按每个相设置的开关(22、23)通断而使通电对象绕组通电。控制装置具备：参数取得部,取得与旋转电机的感应电压的振幅具有相关的参数；控制部,对逆变器进行控制以满足切换条件,该切换条件是,从逆变器向通电对象绕组施加的施加电压的等价波形的振幅及相位与在通电对象绕组中产生的感应电压的振幅及相位相同；绕组切换部,在满足切换条件的情况下切换通电对象绕组；以及存储部(32),存储将开关的占空比与参数建立了对应的映射。控制部基于映射和参数对逆变器进行控制。(A control device (30) is applied to a system (100), and the system (100) is provided with: a rotating electrical machine (10) capable of switching one of a plurality of winding types to a current-carrying winding; and an inverter (20) connected to the DC power supply (40) and configured to energize the energized windings by turning on and off switches (22, 23) provided for each phase. The control device is provided with: a parameter acquisition unit that acquires a parameter related to the amplitude of the induced voltage of the rotating electrical machine; a control unit that controls the inverter so as to satisfy a switching condition that an amplitude and a phase of an equivalent waveform of an applied voltage applied from the inverter to the current-carrying winding are the same as an amplitude and a phase of an induced voltage generated in the current-carrying winding; a winding switching unit that switches the current-carrying winding when a switching condition is satisfied; and a storage unit (32) that stores a map in which the duty ratio of the switch is associated with the parameter. The control unit controls the inverter based on the map and the parameter.)

1. A control device (30) applied to a system (100),

the system (100) is provided with:

a rotating electrical machine (10) that can switch any one of a plurality of winding patterns (PM1, PM2) having different numbers of turns to a current-carrying winding; and

an inverter (20) connected to a DC power supply (40) and configured to energize the energization-target winding by turning on and off switches (22, 23) provided for each phase;

the above-mentioned control device is characterized in that,

the disclosed device is provided with:

a parameter acquisition unit that acquires a parameter related to the amplitude of the induced voltage of the rotating electrical machine;

a control unit that controls the inverter so as to satisfy a switching condition that an amplitude and a phase of an equivalent waveform of an applied voltage applied from the inverter to the current-carrying object winding are the same as an amplitude and a phase of an induced voltage generated in the current-carrying object winding;

a winding switching unit configured to switch the current-carrying winding when the switching condition is satisfied; and

a storage unit (32) that stores a map (MP1, MP2) in which a Duty ratio (Duty) that defines an on time of the switch is associated with the parameter;

the control unit determines the duty ratio based on the map and the acquired parameter, and controls the inverter based on the determined duty ratio.

2. The control device of claim 1,

the parameter acquisition unit acquires a rotation speed (Ne) of the rotating electric machine or a value related thereto as the parameter;

the storage unit stores the duty ratio corresponding to the rotation speed of the rotating electric machine.

3. The control device of claim 2,

a rotor of the rotating electric machine and a crankshaft (72) of an engine (70) are capable of power transmission;

a position information acquisition unit that acquires information on a Crank Angle (CA) that is a rotational angle position of the crankshaft with respect to a reference position;

the control unit corrects the determined duty ratio based on the acquired crank angle, and controls the inverter based on the corrected duty ratio.

4. The control device according to any one of claims 1 to 3,

a plurality of the maps corresponding to the respective winding patterns are stored in the storage unit;

the control unit controls the inverter based on the map corresponding to the current winding pattern.

5. The control device of claim 4,

the winding switching unit switches the current-carrying winding when the rotational speed of the rotating electrical machine is equal to or less than a threshold (Ntg1, Ntg2) set based on the power supply voltage of the direct-current power supply.

6. The control apparatus of claim 5,

the winding switching unit prohibits switching of the current-carrying winding when the rotational speed of the rotating electrical machine is greater than the threshold value.

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a control device applied to a system including a rotating electric machine and an inverter.

Background

Conventionally, a technique for appropriately switching windings of a rotating electric machine has been proposed. For example, in the technique described in patent document 1, an inverter including a series connection body of an upper arm switch and a lower arm switch is provided for each phase of a 3-phase winding connected in a star connection, and a winding switching switch is connected to the 3-phase winding. When the windings of the rotating electric machine are switched, feedback control is performed on the switches of the inverter so that the current flowing through the windings of the rotating electric machine becomes zero, that is, the applied voltage applied to the rotating electric machine by the inverter and the induced voltage of the rotating electric machine become the same phase and the same amplitude. When the applied voltage and the induced voltage have the same phase and the same amplitude after a predetermined adjustment period, the winding of the rotating electric machine is switched by the winding switching switch. Thereby, when switching the winding of the rotating electric machine, no surge voltage is applied to the inverter.

Documents of the prior art

Patent document

Patent document 1: japanese patent laid-open publication No. 2013-62888

Disclosure of Invention

However, in the technique described in patent document 1, since the feedback control is performed on each switch of the inverter when switching the winding of the rotating electric machine, the adjustment period required for switching the winding is prolonged. Therefore, for example, when the amplitude of the induced voltage increases beyond the amplitude adjustment range of the applied voltage during the adjustment period, a problem arises in that the windings cannot be switched. Therefore, a technique capable of shortening the adjustment period required for switching the windings is desired.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a winding switching device capable of shortening an adjustment period required for winding switching.

The present invention is a control device applied to a system including: a rotating electrical machine capable of switching one of a plurality of winding types having different numbers of turns to a current-carrying object winding; and an inverter connected to a direct-current power supply, and configured to turn on and off switches provided for each phase to energize the energization-target winding; the control device includes: a parameter acquisition unit that acquires a parameter related to the amplitude of the induced voltage of the rotating electrical machine; a control unit that controls the inverter so as to satisfy a switching condition that an amplitude and a phase of an equivalent waveform of an applied voltage applied from the inverter to the current-carrying object winding are the same as an amplitude and a phase of an induced voltage generated in the current-carrying object winding; a winding switching unit configured to switch the current-carrying winding when the switching condition is satisfied; and a storage unit that stores a map in which a duty ratio that defines an on time of the switch is associated with the parameter; the control unit determines the duty ratio based on the map and the acquired parameter, and controls the inverter based on the determined duty ratio.

Since the current-carrying windings are switched so as to satisfy the switching condition that the amplitude and phase of the equivalent waveform of the applied voltage are the same as those of the induced voltage, the current-carrying windings can be switched in a state where the current flowing through the windings of the respective phases is zero, and the occurrence of the surge voltage can be suppressed. On the other hand, if the duty ratio of the switch is feedback-controlled in order to set the current flowing through the winding of each phase to zero, the adjustment period required for switching the winding becomes longer, and there arises a problem that the winding to be energized cannot be appropriately switched.

In the control device of the present invention, a map in which the duty ratio of the switch and a parameter correlated with the amplitude of the induced voltage are associated with each other is stored in the storage unit. Therefore, when switching the windings of the rotating electric machine, the duty ratio of the switch can be determined based on the map and the acquired parameters. As a result, feedback control of the duty ratio of the switch is no longer necessary, and the adjustment period required for switching the windings can be shortened as compared with the case of performing feedback control.

Drawings

The above object, other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a diagram showing an overall configuration of an in-vehicle motor control system.

Fig. 2 is a diagram showing a change in applied voltage in the control of the inverter.

Fig. 3 is a flowchart showing the control process.

Fig. 4 is a flowchart showing the winding switching process according to embodiment 1.

Fig. 5 is a diagram showing a relationship between the rotation speed and the power supply voltage.

Fig. 6 is a diagram showing the adjustment period.

Fig. 7 is a diagram showing changes in the rotational speed and the like when the motorcycle is driven.

Fig. 8 is a flowchart showing the winding switching process according to embodiment 2.

Fig. 9 is a diagram showing a variation in rotation speed in a combustion cycle of the engine.

Detailed Description

(embodiment 1)

Hereinafter, embodiment 1 in which the control device of the present invention is applied to the control system 100 for the in-vehicle motor will be described with reference to the drawings.

As shown in fig. 1, a control system 100 according to the present embodiment is used for controlling a rotating electric machine 10 of a two-wheeled vehicle, and includes the rotating electric machine 10, an inverter (power converter) 20, a control device 30, and a winding switching circuit 50. In the present embodiment, the control system 100 corresponds to a "system".

The rotating electrical machine 10 is, for example, an mg (motor generator). The rotor 11 (rotor) of the rotary electric machine 10 is coupled to a crankshaft 72 of the engine 70 so as to be capable of power transmission, and the rotary electric machine 10 rotates by rotation of the crankshaft 72, while the crankshaft 72 rotates by rotation of the rotary electric machine 10. That is, the rotating electrical machine 10 has a power generation function of generating power (regenerative power generation) by rotation of the crankshaft 72 and a power running function of applying a rotational force to the crankshaft 72.

The rotating electric machine 10 includes a rotor 11 and a stator 13 (stator). The rotor 11 is provided with a permanent magnet 12 for excitation. That is, the rotating electrical machine 10 is a permanent magnet excitation type rotating electrical machine. The permanent magnet 12 is specifically a neodymium magnet or a ferrite magnet.

A stator winding 14, which is a multi-phase winding corresponding to each of the U-phase, V-phase, and W-phase, is provided on the stator 13 of the rotating electric machine 10. These stator windings 14 are connected in a Y-shape (star connection), and each stator winding 14 is formed of, for example, a wave winding, and includes a1 st winding 15 and a2 nd winding 16.

In each phase, one end of the 1 st winding 15 is electrically connected (hereinafter simply connected) to the inverter 20. The other end of the 1 st winding 15 is connected to one end of the 2 nd winding 16 or the 2 nd neutral point Np2 via the winding switching circuit 50. The other end of the 2 nd winding 16 is connected to a1 st neutral point Np1 different from the 2 nd neutral point Np 2.

The winding switching circuit 50 includes 1 st, 2 nd, and 3 rd switches 51a, 51b, and 51 c. In the present embodiment, as the switches 51a to 51c, voltage-controlled semiconductor switching elements, specifically, MOSFETs, IGBTs, SiC switching elements, or mechanical relays can be used.

Each of the switches 51a to 51c has 1 st and 2 nd switching terminals 52 and 53 and a connection terminal 54 selectively connected to one of the switching terminals 52 and 53. The connection terminal 54 is connected to the other end of the 1 st winding 15. The 1 st switching terminal 52 is connected to one end of the 2 nd winding 16, and the 2 nd switching terminal 53 is connected to the 2 nd neutral point Np 2.

The stator winding 14 of the rotating electric machine 10 is connected to a battery 40 as a dc power supply via an inverter 20. The voltage of the battery 40 may be, for example, 12V as in the auxiliary equipment, or may be a high voltage higher than the voltage. The battery 40 is specifically, for example, a battery pack in which a plurality of lithium ion secondary batteries are connected in series. The battery 40 may be a nickel-metal hydride battery or another type of battery.

The inverter 20 is configured by connecting 3 series-connected bodies of high-side switching elements 22a, 22b, and 22c (upper arm switch 22) and low-side switching elements 23a, 23b, and 23c (lower arm switch 23) in parallel. In each phase, the stator winding 14 of the corresponding phase of the rotating electric machine 10 is connected to the connection point of the upper arm switch 22 and the lower arm switch 23. In the present embodiment, voltage-controlled semiconductor switching elements, more specifically, MOSFETs are used as the upper and lower arm switches 22 and 23.

The inverter 20 turns on and off the upper arm switch 22 and the lower arm switch 23 provided for each phase, thereby energizing the stator winding 14 of each phase. Specifically, the inverter 20 turns on and off the upper arm switch 22 and the lower arm switch 23 to generate an applied voltage VI from the power supply voltage VD of the battery 40, and applies the applied voltage VI to the stator winding 14 of each phase.

The control system 100 includes a voltage detection unit 21 and a magnetic pole position sensor 60. The voltage detection unit 21 detects the voltage of the battery 40 as a power supply voltage VD. Examples are rotary transformers (resolvers), encoders, hall sensors. The magnetic pole position sensor 60 outputs an angle signal that varies according to the rotation angle of the rotating electrical machine 10. In the present embodiment, the magnetic pole position sensor 60 is a hall sensor that outputs a binary signal according to the polarity of the magnetic pole of the rotor 11. Control device 30 obtains detection values of voltage detection unit 21, magnetic pole position sensor 60, and the like. The functions provided by the control device 30 can be provided by software recorded in a physical memory device, a computer that executes the software, hardware, or a combination thereof, for example.

The controller 30 calculates a magnetic pole position Lm (electrical angle) of the rotor 11 and a rotation speed Ne of the rotor 11 based on an output signal of the magnetic pole position sensor 60. Further, control device 30 calculates a crank angle CA, which is a rotational angle position of crankshaft 72 of engine 70 with respect to a reference position, based on an output signal of magnetic pole position sensor 60.

The control device 30 generates operation signals for the upper and lower arm switches 22 and 23 in order to turn on and off the upper and lower arm switches 22 and 23 constituting the inverter 20 based on the calculated magnetic pole position Lm and the like, and outputs the generated operation signals to the upper and lower arm switches 22 and 23. Thereby, the inverter 20 supplies power to the stator winding 14 of each phase. Here, the operation signal of the upper arm side and the corresponding operation signal of the lower arm side become signals complementary to each other. That is, the upper arm switch 22 and the corresponding lower arm switch 23 are alternately brought into the on state.

Further, the controller 30 calculates the phase and amplitude of the induced voltage VY generated in the stator winding 14 of the rotating electric machine 10 based on the calculated magnetic pole position Lm and the rotation speed Ne. The controller 30 calculates the phase of the induced voltage VY from the magnetic pole position Lm, and calculates the amplitude of the induced voltage VY from the rotation speed Ne. The rotation speed Ne is used for calculation of the amplitude of the induced voltage VY because the amplitude of the induced voltage VY is proportional to the rotation speed Ne. Then, based on the calculated induced voltage VY, the control device 30 generates switching signals for switching the switches 51a to 51c constituting the winding switching circuit 50, and outputs the generated switching signals to the switches 51a to 51 c. This switches the current-carrying windings for each phase.

When the connection terminals 54 of the switches 51a to 51c are simultaneously connected to the 1 st switching terminal 52 in response to the switching signal, the 1 st winding 15 and the 2 nd winding 16 are energized, and the neutral point is the 1 st neutral point Np 1. Hereinafter, the winding pattern in which the 1 st winding 15 and the 2 nd winding 16 are to be energized is referred to as a1 st winding pattern PM 1. When the connection terminals 54 of the switches 51a to 51c are simultaneously connected to the 2 nd switching terminal 53 in response to the switching signal, only the 1 st winding 15 is energized, and the neutral point is the 2 nd neutral point Np 2. Hereinafter, the winding pattern in which only the 1 st winding 15 is to be energized will be referred to as a2 nd winding pattern PM 2. Therefore, the number of turns of the energization-target winding is different in the 1 st winding pattern PM1 and the 2 nd winding pattern PM 2. In the present embodiment, winding pattern PM1 and winding pattern PM 21 correspond to "multiple winding patterns".

When switching the current-carrying winding, control device 30 first generates an operation signal and controls inverter 20 so as to satisfy the switching condition that the amplitude and phase of the equivalent waveform of applied voltage VI from inverter 20 to the current-carrying winding are the same as the amplitude and phase of induced voltage VY. In the control of inverter 20, control device 30 controls Duty ratios Duty of upper arm switch 22 and lower arm switch 23 in 1 electrical angle period Tdw of rotating electric machine 10 so as to satisfy the switching conditions described above. Specifically, the Duty ratio Duty represents a ratio (Ton/Tsw) of the on time Ton of the upper and lower arm switches 22 and 23 to a predetermined period Tsw (see fig. 2) shorter than the 1 electrical angle period Tdw. In the first half period TA obtained by dividing the 1-electrical-angle period Tdw by 2, the control device 30 turns on/off the upper arm switch 22 at the Duty ratio Duty on the condition that the upper and lower arm switches 22 and 23 in the same phase are not simultaneously turned on. In the second half TB obtained by dividing the 1-electrical-angle period Tdw by 2, the control device 30 turns on and off the lower arm switch 23 at the Duty ratio Duty on the condition that the upper and lower arm switches 22 and 23 in the same phase are not simultaneously turned on. In the present embodiment, the Duty ratio Duty is updated by the control device 30 every 1 electrical angle period Tdw. When the switching condition is satisfied, controller 30 generates a switching signal to switch the current-carrying winding.

Control of the inverter 20 during switching of the current-carrying windings will be described with reference to fig. 2. In the control of the inverter 20, phase control and amplitude control are performed. Here, the phase control is control for making the equivalent waveform of the applied voltage VI and the induced voltage VY have the same phase. The amplitude control is a control for making the equivalent waveform of the applied voltage VI and the induced voltage VY have the same amplitude. In the present embodiment, the equivalent waveform of the applied voltage VI is a waveform in which the 1 electrical angle period Tdw is 1 period, and the fundamental wave component included in the applied voltage VI (see the time axis representation column of fig. 2 a) which is a rectangular wave is dominant. The fundamental wave component is a1 st order component in the case where the applied voltage VI is fourier-series-expanded.

Fig. 2 shows a change in the applied voltage VI under the control of the inverter 20. Fig. 2 (a) is a diagram showing the applied voltage VI and the induced voltage VY before the phase control and the amplitude control are executed, respectively. Fig. 2 (B) is a diagram showing the applied voltage VI and the induced voltage VY after the phase control and before the amplitude control. Fig. 2(C) shows the applied voltage VI and the induced voltage VY after the phase control and the amplitude control are executed, respectively. In fig. 2a, 2B, and 2C, (a) shows a waveform of an output signal of the magnetic pole position sensor 60, (B) shows a waveform of the applied voltage VI, (C) shows an equivalent waveform of the applied voltage VI and a waveform of the induced voltage VY, and (d) shows the applied voltage VI and the induced voltage VY in a vector in the dq coordinate system. Fig. 2 shows an example in which the phase of the induced voltage VY and the phase of the output signal of the magnetic pole position sensor 60 are the same. However, since the phase relationship between the induced voltage and the output signal of the magnetic pole position sensor 60 is uniquely determined by the rotating electrical machine 10, if the phase relationship is grasped, the phases do not necessarily have to be the same.

As shown in fig. 2 (a), before the phase control and the amplitude control are performed, the respective switches 22 and 23 constituting the inverter 20 are subjected to the rectangular wave control, and the phase of the applied voltage VI generated by the rectangular wave control is advanced by the phase difference δ from the phase of the output signal of the magnetic pole position sensor 60. Therefore, the phase of the equivalent waveform of the applied voltage VI is advanced by the phase difference δ from the phase of the induced voltage VY. The magnitude of the voltage vector Viv of the applied voltage VI is larger than the magnitude of the voltage vector ω Φ of the induced voltage VY. Therefore, the amplitude of the equivalent waveform of the applied voltage VI is larger than the amplitude of the induced voltage VY.

As shown in fig. 2 (B), in the phase control, the respective switches 22 and 23 constituting the inverter 20 are turned on and off so that the applied voltage VI and the output signal of the magnetic pole position sensor 60 are in the same phase. Thus, the phase of the equivalent waveform of the applied voltage VI is equal to the phase of the induced voltage VY.

As shown in fig. 2(C), in the amplitude control, the control of the inverter 20 is switched from the rectangular wave control to the PWM control, and the Duty ratio Duty of each of the switches 22 and 23 constituting the inverter 20 is controlled so that the equivalent waveform of the applied voltage VI and the induced voltage VY have the same amplitude. By appropriately adjusting the Duty ratio Duty, the magnitude of the voltage vector Viv of the applied voltage VI becomes equal to the magnitude of the voltage vector ω Φ of the induced voltage VY, and the amplitude of the equivalent waveform of the applied voltage VI becomes equal to the amplitude of the induced voltage VY.

In the amplitude control, if the Duty ratio Duty is feedback-controlled (for example, PI-controlled) in order to appropriately adjust the Duty ratio Duty, a predetermined adjustment period TW (see fig. 6) is required to switch from the start of winding to the completion of winding switching. If the adjustment period TW is long, the applied voltage VI and the induced voltage VY may not have the same amplitude due to rotational fluctuation and a change in the operating state, and the current-carrying winding may not be switched.

Therefore, in the present embodiment, in order to solve the above-described problem, control processing for controlling the inverter 20 is performed by referring to the 1 st and 2 nd maps MP1 and MP2 stored in advance in the storage unit 32 of the control device 30 when switching the windings of the rotating electrical machine 10. The storage unit 32 is configured by, for example, a ROM, a rewritable nonvolatile memory, or the like.

The 1 st, 2 nd maps MP1, MP2 are map information in which the Duty ratio Duty is predetermined in accordance with the amplitude of the induced voltage VY, which is the rotation speed Ne. Specifically, in the 1 st and 2 nd maps MP1 and MP2, the Duty ratio Duty is set such that the larger the amplitude of the induced voltage VY, the longer the on time Ton of the upper arm switch 22 and the lower arm switch 23. Therefore, in the control process, the Duty ratio Duty of the inverter 20 is feedforward controlled by referring to the 1 st and 2 nd maps MP1 and MP 2. This can shorten the adjustment period TW necessary for switching the windings, as compared with the case where the Duty ratio Duty is feedback-controlled.

The 1 st map MP1 is a map corresponding to the 1 st winding pattern PM1, and is referred to when switching the current-carrying winding from the 1 st winding pattern PM1 to the 2 nd winding pattern PM 2. The 2 nd map MP2 is a map corresponding to the 2 nd winding pattern PM2, and is referred to when switching the current-carrying target winding from the 2 nd winding pattern PM2 to the 1 st winding pattern PM 1. That is, the control device 30 stores a plurality of maps MP1 and MP2 corresponding to the respective winding patterns PM1 and PM 2. Then, control device 30 controls inverter 20 by referring to maps MP1 and MP2 corresponding to current winding patterns PM1 and PM2 before switching.

Fig. 3 is a flowchart of the control process according to the present embodiment. This control process is repeatedly performed by control device 30 every predetermined time while engine 70 is driven, for example.

When the control processing is started, first, in step S10, it is determined whether or not the current energization-target winding is the 1 st winding pattern PM 1. Specifically, the current-carrying winding is determined based on the switching signal output to the winding switching circuit 50.

If an affirmative determination is made at step S10, it is determined at step S12 whether the winding switching request flag FD is ON (ON) (active). Specifically, for example, when the rotation speed Ne is determined to be greater than the predetermined value Nk, the winding switching request flag FD is turned on. The winding switch request flag FD is specifically turned on when a torque assist (torque assist) request is generated, for example. In the case where the torque required for driving of the two-wheeled motor vehicle is insufficient in winding pattern PM1 No. 1, control device 30 causes a torque assist request to be generated such that the torque is increased by winding pattern PM2 No. 2. If a negative determination is made in step S12, the control process ends with the energization-target winding maintained in winding pattern PM1 No. 1 as shown in step S20.

If an affirmative determination is made in step S12, the rotation speed Ne is calculated in step S13. Next, in step S14, it is determined whether or not rotation speed Ne calculated in step S13 is equal to or less than 1 st threshold Ntg 1. As shown in fig. 5, the 1 st threshold Ntg1 is set according to the power supply voltage VD, and specifically, when the current-carrying winding is the 1 st winding pattern PM1, the rotation speed Ne is set when the amplitude of the induced voltage VY is equal to the power supply voltage VD. The power supply voltage VD is proportional to the 1 st threshold Ntg1, and the larger the power supply voltage VD, the larger the 1 st threshold Ntg 1.

If an affirmative determination is made in step S14, that is, if the rotation speed Ne is equal to or less than the 1 st threshold Ntg1, then in step S16, winding switching processing is performed to switch the current-carrying winding from the 1 st winding pattern PM1 to the 2 nd winding pattern PM 2. In the next step S18, it is confirmed that the current-carrying winding has been switched to the 2 nd winding pattern PM2, and the control process is terminated.

On the other hand, if a negative determination is made in step S14, that is, if the rotation speed Ne is greater than the 1 st threshold Ntg1, switching of the energization-target winding is prohibited. Thereby, as shown in step S20, the control process ends with the energization-target winding maintained in the 1 st winding pattern PM 1.

Fig. 4 is a flowchart of the winding switching process according to the present embodiment. In the winding switching process, phase control and amplitude control of the applied voltage VI are performed in order to switch the current-carrying windings. When the winding switching process is started, first, in step S50, phase control of the applied voltage VI is performed. In the next step S52, it is determined whether or not the winding switching is from winding pattern PM1 to winding pattern PM2 No. 1. Specifically, it is determined whether or not the current energization object winding is the 1 st winding pattern PM 1.

If an affirmative determination is made in step S52, that is, if the winding is switched from winding pattern PM1 to winding pattern PM2 No. 1, in step S54, the Duty ratio Duty is determined with reference to map MP1 No. 1. Specifically, in the 1 st map MP1, the Duty ratio Duty corresponding to the rotation speed Ne calculated in step S13 is specified and determined as the Duty ratio Duty.

On the other hand, if a negative determination is made in step S52, that is, if the winding is switched from winding pattern PM2 to winding pattern PM1 no, in step S56, Duty ratio Duty is determined with reference to map MP2 No. 2. Specifically, in the 2 nd map MP2, the Duty ratio Duty corresponding to the rotation speed Ne calculated in step S13 is specified and determined as the Duty ratio Duty.

In the next step S58, amplitude control of the applied voltage VI is performed. Specifically, the inverter 20 is controlled based on the Duty ratio Duty determined in steps S54 and S56. As a result, the switching condition is satisfied. In the next step S60, the switching signal output to the winding switching circuit 50 is switched to switch the current-carrying winding, and the winding switching control is ended. In the present embodiment, the processing from step S50 to step S58 corresponds to the "control unit", and the processing of step S60 corresponds to the "winding switching unit".

Returning to the control processing shown in fig. 3, if a negative determination is made in step S10, that is, in the case where the current energization-target winding is winding No. 2 pattern PM2, in step S22, it is determined whether or not the winding switching request flag FD is on. Specifically, for example, when the rotation speed Ne is determined to be smaller than the predetermined value Nk, the winding switching request flag FD is turned on. Specifically, the winding switch request flag FD is turned on when it is determined that a regeneration request has occurred, for example. When determining that the remaining capacity of the battery 40 is smaller than the lower limit threshold, the control device 30 determines that a regeneration request has occurred, and increases the amount of power generated by regenerative power generation using the 1 st winding pattern PM 1. If a negative determination is made in step S22, the control process ends with the energization-target winding maintained in winding pattern PM1 No. 1 as shown in step S40.

If an affirmative determination is made in step S22, the rotation speed Ne is calculated in step S23. Next, in step S24, it is determined whether or not rotation speed Ne calculated in step S23 is equal to or less than 2 nd threshold Ntg 2. As shown in fig. 5, the 2 nd threshold Ntg2 is set based on the power supply voltage VD, and specifically, when the current-carrying winding is the 2 nd winding pattern PM2, the rotation speed Ne is set when the amplitude of the induced voltage VY is equal to the power supply voltage VD. The power supply voltage VD is proportional to the 2 nd threshold Ntg2, and the larger the power supply voltage VD, the larger the 2 nd threshold Ntg 2. In the present embodiment, the processing of steps S13 and S23 corresponds to a "parameter acquisition unit".

In addition, since winding pattern 2 PM2 has a smaller number of turns and a smaller inductance in the current-carrying winding than winding pattern 1 PM1, the amplitude of the induced voltage is small. Therefore, if the 1 st threshold Ntg1 corresponding to the same power supply voltage VD is compared with the 2 nd threshold Ntg2, the 2 nd threshold Ntg2 is larger than the 1 st threshold Ntg 1.

If an affirmative determination is made in step S24, that is, if the rotation speed Ne is equal to or less than the 2 nd threshold Ntg2, the winding switching control shown in fig. 4 is performed in step S26 to switch the current-carrying winding. In the next step S28, it is confirmed that the current-carrying winding has been switched to the 1 st winding pattern PM1, and the control process is terminated.

On the other hand, if a negative determination is made in step S24, that is, if the rotation speed Ne is greater than the 2 nd threshold value Ntg2, switching of the energization-target winding is prohibited. Thus, as shown in step S40, the control process ends with the energization target winding maintained in the 2 nd winding pattern PM 2.

Next, an example of the control process will be described with reference to fig. 6. Fig. 6 shows the adjustment period TW required for switching the winding of the comparative example, and particularly shows the adjustment period TW required for switching the winding from the 1 st winding pattern PM1 to the 2 nd winding pattern PM 2. The comparative example is configured to adjust the Duty ratio Duty by the feedback control as described above. Fig. 6 (a) shows transition of the winding switching request flag FD, fig. 6 (b) shows transition of the Duty ratio Duty, and fig. 6 (c) shows transition of the current-carrying winding. In fig. 6 (b) and 6 (c), solid lines indicate transitions of the respective values in the control processing of the present embodiment, and broken lines indicate transitions of the respective values in the control processing of the comparative example.

First, a comparative example will be described. As shown in fig. 6 (a), when the winding switching request flag FD is turned on at time ta, phase control is performed at time ta when the rotation speed Ne is lower than the 1 st threshold Ntg 1. In the comparative example, the Duty ratio Duty is feedback-controlled in the amplitude control. Therefore, as shown in fig. 6 (b), the timing at which the Duty is determined is at time tb after the adjustment period TW has elapsed from time ta. Then, as shown in fig. 6 (c), the current-carrying object winding is switched. That is, in the comparative example, the adjustment period TW in which switching from the start winding to the winding is completed becomes long.

On the other hand, in the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 6 (b), the Duty ratio Duty is determined with reference to the 1 st map MP1 at time ta, and amplitude control is performed. As a result, as shown in fig. 6 (c), the current-carrying object winding is rapidly switched. That is, in the present embodiment, the adjustment period TW is significantly shorter than in the comparative example. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the adjustment period TW is substantially zero. Therefore, the switching of the windings of the rotating electrical machine 10 can be performed appropriately.

Fig. 7 shows changes in the rotation speed Ne and the like during driving of the motorcycle. Fig. 7 (a) shows transition of rotation speed Ne, fig. 7 (b) shows whether switching from winding pattern 1 PM1 to winding pattern 2 PM2 is possible, and fig. 7 (c) shows whether switching from winding pattern 2 PM2 to winding pattern 1 PM1 is possible.

As shown in fig. 7, in the motorcycle, the operation dynamics change drastically, and the rotation speed Ne changes greatly. Therefore, at the time tc, the rotation speed Ne becomes equal to or higher than the 1 st threshold Ntg1, but thereafter, at the time td, the rotation speed Ne becomes smaller than the 1 st threshold Ntg 1. At a time te immediately after, the rotation speed Ne becomes larger than the 1 st threshold Ntg 1.

Consider a case where the energization object winding is switched from the 1 st winding pattern PM1 to the 2 nd winding pattern PM2 in the period TX from the time td to the time te. In this case, in the control processing of the comparative example, the period TW needs to be adjusted for switching the winding. Therefore, when adjustment period TW is shorter than period TX, the energization-target winding cannot be switched from winding No. 1 pattern PM1 to winding No. 2 pattern PM 2. As a result, until time tj thereafter, the energization-target winding is maintained at winding pattern PM1 No. 1, and there is a concern that the torque required for driving the motorcycle will be insufficient.

At time tf, the rotation speed Ne becomes equal to or higher than the 2 nd threshold Ntg2, but thereafter at time tg, the rotation speed Ne becomes smaller than the 2 nd threshold Ntg 2. At the immediately subsequent time th, the rotation speed Ne becomes larger than the 2 nd threshold Ntg 2.

Consider a case where the energization-target winding is switched from the 2 nd winding pattern PM2 to the 1 st winding pattern PM1 in the period TY from the time tg to the time th. In this case, in the control process of the comparative example, when the adjustment period TW is shorter than the period TY, the energization-target winding cannot be switched from the 2 nd winding pattern PM2 to the 1 st winding pattern PM 1. As a result, until time ti later, the energization-target winding is maintained at winding No. 2 PM2, and there is a concern that the amount of power generation of the motorcycle will be insufficient.

In the present embodiment, the adjustment period TW is substantially reduced to zero. Therefore, even when the period TX, TY in which the current-carrying windings can be switched is short, the current-carrying windings can be switched. This enables the winding of the rotating electric machine 10 to be switched reliably.

According to the present embodiment described in detail above, the following effects can be obtained.

In the switching of the windings of the rotating electric machine 10, since the windings to be energized are switched when the switching condition is satisfied, the windings to be energized can be switched in a state where the current flowing to each phase of the stator winding 14 is zero, and the generation of the surge voltage can be suppressed. On the other hand, if the Duty is feedback-controlled in order to set the current flowing through each phase of the stator winding 14 to zero, the adjustment period TW required for switching the windings becomes longer, and there is a problem that the windings to be energized cannot be appropriately switched.

In the control system 100 of the present embodiment, the storage unit 32 of the control device 30 stores the 1 st and 2 nd maps MP1 and MP2, which are the map information in which the Duty ratio Duty is predetermined in accordance with the amplitude of the induced voltage VY, which is the rotation speed Ne. Therefore, the Duty ratio Duty can be determined by referring to the 1 st and 2 nd maps MP1 and MP2 when switching the windings of the rotating electric machine 10. As a result, the Duty can be feedforward controlled, and the adjustment period TW required for switching the winding can be shortened as compared with the case of performing feedback control.

In particular, in the present embodiment, since the Duty is not feedback-controlled, it is not necessary to detect the current flowing through each phase of the stator winding 14 for the feedback control. Therefore, it is not necessary to provide a current sensor for detecting the current flowing to each phase of the stator winding 14, and the configuration of the control system 100 can be simplified.

According to the rotating electric machine 10, the induced voltage VY cannot be directly detected during driving of the rotating electric machine 10. On the other hand, since the rotation speed Ne is proportional to the amplitude of the induced voltage VY, the amplitude of the induced voltage VY can be indirectly obtained by calculating the rotation speed Ne. In the 1 st and 2 nd maps MP1 and MP2, the Duty ratio Duty is predetermined in accordance with the rotation speed Ne. Therefore, by calculating the rotation speed Ne as the amplitude of the induced voltage VY, the Duty ratio Duty can be determined quickly using the calculated rotation speed Ne.

When the rotation speed Ne is calculated as the amplitude of the induced voltage VY, the amplitude of the induced voltage VY corresponding to the rotation speed Ne changes depending on the 1 st and 2 nd winding patterns PM1 and PM2, that is, the number of windings to be energized. Therefore, when winding patterns PM1 and PM2 are different from each other, the Duty ratio Duty has different appropriate values.

In the present embodiment, there are a plurality of maps MP1 and MP2 corresponding to the winding patterns PM1 and PM2, respectively. Therefore, the Duty ratios Duty corresponding to the corresponding winding patterns PM1 and PM2 can be stored in the respective maps MP1 and MP 2. Accordingly, even when the rotation speed Ne is detected as the amplitude of the induced voltage VY, the amplitude of the induced voltage VY can be set to an appropriate value.

In the present embodiment, the calculated rotation speed Ne is compared with the 1 st and 2 nd threshold values Ntg1 and Ntg2, and when the rotation speed Ne is smaller than the 1 st and 2 nd threshold values Ntg1 and Ntg2, the current-carrying windings are switched.

For example, when the applied voltage VI is generated from the power supply voltage VD without amplification, the amplitude of the applied voltage VI becomes smaller than the power supply voltage VD. In this way, the amplitude of the applied voltage VI is limited by the power supply voltage VD, and the induced voltage VY and the applied voltage VI need to have the same amplitude within this limit.

In the present embodiment, the 1 st and 2 nd threshold values Ntg1 and Ntg2 are provided for converting the limit of the power supply voltage VD into the rotation speed Ne of the rotating electric machine 10, and whether or not to switch the current-carrying windings is determined based on the 1 st and 2 nd threshold values Ntg1 and Ntg 2. Therefore, the induced voltage VY and the applied voltage VI can have the same amplitude within the limit of the power supply voltage VD.

In the present embodiment, when the rotation speed Ne is greater than the 1 st and 2 nd threshold values Ntg1 and Ntg2, switching of the current-carrying windings is prohibited. That is, when the induced voltage VY and the applied voltage VI cannot be made to have the same amplitude within the limit of the power supply voltage VD, switching of the current-carrying winding is prohibited. This makes it possible to appropriately suppress the generation of surge voltage in switching of the current-carrying windings.

(embodiment 2)

Hereinafter, embodiment 2 will be described mainly with reference to the drawings, focusing on differences from embodiment 1.

In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 8, the winding switching process is different. Fig. 8 is a flowchart of the winding switching process according to the present embodiment. In fig. 8, the same processes as those shown in fig. 4 are assigned the same reference numerals for convenience, and the description thereof is omitted.

The winding switching process according to embodiment 2 is different from the winding switching process according to embodiment 1 in that the reference Duty ratio Duty is corrected based on the crank angle CA of the crankshaft 72.

As described above, the crank angle CA is calculated based on the output signal of the magnetic pole position sensor 60. Further, control device 30 can determine which stroke of 1 combustion cycle (intake, compression, combustion, exhaust) of the combustion cycle of engine 70 is based on the calculated crank angle CA.

As shown in fig. 9, in the combustion cycle of the engine 70, the respective strokes of intake, compression, combustion, and exhaust are repeated, and the rotational speed of the crankshaft 72 varies. Accordingly, the rotation speed Ne varies in the rotary electric machine 10. Specifically, when the time average value of the rotation speed Ne in the 1 combustion cycle is defined as the average rotation speed Nav, the rotation speed Ne tends to decrease from the average rotation speed Nav in the intake and compression strokes, and tends to increase from the average rotation speed Nav in the combustion and exhaust strokes.

Control device 30 calculates average rotation speed Nav of rotor 11 based on the output signal of magnetic pole position sensor 60, and determines Duty ratio Duty based on the calculated average rotation speed Nav. Therefore, as shown in fig. 9, when the calculated crank angle CA is the 1 st crank angle CA1 belonging to the compression stroke, the average rotation speed Nav is larger than the actual rotation speed Ne, and therefore, the Duty ratio Duty is determined to be relatively large with respect to the actual rotation speed Ne.

When the calculated crank angle CA is the 2 nd crank angle CA2 belonging to the exhaust stroke, the average rotation speed Nav is smaller than the actual rotation speed Ne, and therefore the Duty ratio Duty is controlled to be relatively small with respect to the actual rotation speed Ne. Therefore, the induced voltage VY and the applied voltage VI cannot be made to have the same amplitude, and the effect of suppressing the surge voltage may be reduced.

Therefore, in the present embodiment, the determined Duty ratio Duty is corrected based on the crank angle CA. Since the crank angle CA corresponds to each stroke in the 1-combustion cycle in a one-to-one manner, the 1 st and 2 nd fluctuation amounts RE1 and RE2 of the actual rotation speed Ne with respect to the average rotation speed Nav can be estimated from the crank angle CA. In the present embodiment, the variation is obtained by subtracting the actual rotation speed Ne from the average rotation speed Nav. Then, by correcting the Duty ratio Duty determined by the 1 st and 2 nd maps MP1 and MP2 based on the 1 st and 2 nd fluctuation amounts RE1 and RE2, the generation of surge voltage can be suppressed. Specifically, for example, at the 1 st crank angle CA1, the 1 st fluctuation amount RE1 becomes a positive value because the average rotation speed Nav is larger than the actual rotation speed Ne. Therefore, control device 30 corrects Duty ratio Duty so that Duty ratio Duty becomes smaller. Specifically, for example, at the 2 nd crank angle CA2, the average rotation speed Nav is smaller than the actual rotation speed Ne, and therefore the 2 nd fluctuation amount RE2 has a negative value. Therefore, control device 30 corrects Duty ratio Duty to make Duty ratio Duty larger.

Next, a winding switching process of the present embodiment shown in fig. 8 will be described. In the winding switching process, when the Duty ratio Duty is determined in steps S54 and S56, the crank angle CA is calculated in step S70. In the next step S72, the Duty ratio Duty is corrected based on the crank angle CA calculated in step S70. In the present embodiment, the process of step S70 corresponds to a "position information acquisition unit".

As described above, in the present embodiment, the crank angle CA at the time of switching the windings of the rotating electrical machine 10 is calculated, and the Duty ratio Duty determined based on the 1 st and 2 nd maps MP1 and MP2 is corrected based on the calculated crank angle CA. Since the crank angle CA corresponds one-to-one to each stroke in 1 combustion cycle of the engine 70, the 1 st and 2 nd fluctuation amounts RE1 and RE2 of the actual rotation speed Ne with respect to the average rotation speed Nav can be estimated from the crank angle CA. Then, by correcting the Duty ratio Duty based on the 1 st and 2 nd fluctuation amounts RE1 and RE2, the generation of surge voltage can be suppressed appropriately.

(other embodiments)

The present invention is not limited to the description of the above embodiments, and may be implemented as follows.

In the above embodiments, the example in which the stator winding 14 includes 2 windings 15 and 16 is shown, but the present invention is not limited to this, and 3 or more windings may be provided, and any one of 3 or more winding patterns may be switched to the current-carrying winding.

In the above embodiments, the 1 st and 2 nd windings 15 and 16 constituting the stator winding 14 are each constituted by a separate winding, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, the 1 st winding 15 may be configured by connecting 3 unit windings constituting each 1 st winding 15 in parallel. The 2 nd winding 16 may be configured by connecting 3 unit windings constituting the 2 nd winding 16 in series.

In the above embodiment, the stator winding 14 is Y-wired, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and may be delta-wired.

In the above embodiment, the winding switching control of performing the thinning (japanese source: induction く) on the current-carrying winding is exemplified, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and the winding switching control of switching the Y-type wiring and the Δ -type wiring may be performed.

In the above embodiments, the example of calculating the rotation speed Ne based on the output signal of the magnetic pole position sensor 60 when the rotation speed Ne is obtained as the amplitude of the induced voltage VY is described, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, the rotation speed Ne may be acquired from the vehicle speed of the two-wheeled vehicle. Further, in the case where the two-wheeled vehicle has a transmission, the rotation speed Ne may be obtained from the vehicle speed of the two-wheeled vehicle and the gear ratio of the transmission. Specifically, the rotation speed Ne can be calculated from the rotation speed of the axle calculated from the vehicle speed of the two-wheeled vehicle or by dividing the rotation speed of the axle by the gear ratio. In the present embodiment, the vehicle speed of the two-wheeled vehicle and the gear ratio of the transmission correspond to "correlation values".

In the above embodiments, the example in which the Duty ratio Duty is associated only with the rotation speed Ne in the 1 st and 2 nd maps MP1 and MP2 has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, in the 1 st and 2 nd maps MP1 and MP2, the Duty ratio Duty may correspond to the rotation speed Ne and the power supply voltage VD. The power supply voltage VD varies according to the remaining capacity of the battery 40, and the rotation speed Ne varies when the power supply voltage VD varies. In the 1 st and 2 nd maps MP1 and MP2, the generation of surge voltage due to variation in the remaining capacity of the battery 40 can be appropriately suppressed by associating the Duty ratio Duty with the rotation speed Ne and the power supply voltage VD.

In the above embodiments, the winding switching request flag FD is exemplified by a flag based on the rotation speed Ne, the regeneration request, and the torque assist request, but is not limited thereto. For example, it may be determined whether or not there is a handover instruction from the user. Further, it may be determined whether or not the vehicle speed of the two-wheeled vehicle is lower than a predetermined speed.

In the above embodiments, the rotating electrical machine 10 is exemplified as a permanent magnet excitation type rotating electrical machine in which the rotor 11 is provided with the permanent magnet 12, but the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, a field winding type rotating electrical machine in which a field winding is provided as a magnetic pole portion on the rotor 11 may be employed. In this case, the field current (field magnetic flux) flowing through the field winding may be added as parameters of the 1 st and 2 nd maps MP1 and MP 2.

As the PWM control, control may be performed in which the Duty ratio Duty is not constant within the 1-electrical-angle period Tdw but is changed in accordance with the amplitude of the induced voltage VY. This control is, for example, PWM control based on the relationship between the equivalent waveform of the applied voltage VI and the magnitude of the carrier signal.

The invention has been described in terms of embodiments, but it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the embodiments and constructions. The present invention also includes various modifications and modifications within the equivalent scope. In addition, various combinations and forms, and further, other combinations and forms including only one element, more than one element, or less than one element are also within the scope and spirit of the present invention.