阅读说明：本技术 一种鱼饲料及其应用 (Fish feed and application thereof ) 是由 叶祖云 张伟 倪建成 黄伟卿 张艺 林培华 周振平 陈思敏 董小玲 陈泽滨 臧蔓 于 2020-12-21 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种鱼饲料及其应用,所述鱼饲料中至少含有2%重量的黄栀子。该鱼饲料应用在提升大黄鱼体色上。本发明还提供一种提升大黄鱼体色的养殖技术,包括以下步骤：控制养殖区域的水温在9～26℃、透明度在20～60cm、盐度在10～16,以及水流速不高于0.2m/s；将上述鱼饲料每天投喂2次,养殖120～180天。本发明可以在保证大黄鱼肉质的基础上增强大黄鱼的体表颜色,无任何有毒有害成分添加,提升大黄鱼卖相,并保证大黄鱼品质和经济价值。(The invention provides a fish feed and application thereof, wherein the fish feed at least contains 2% of gardenia jasminoides by weight. The fish feed is applied to improving the body color of the large yellow croaker. The invention also provides a breeding technology for improving the body color of the large yellow croaker, which comprises the following steps: controlling the water temperature of a culture area to be 9-26 ℃, the transparency to be 20-60 cm, the salinity to be 10-16 and the water flow rate to be not higher than 0.2 m/s; feeding the fish feed for 2 times every day, and culturing for 120-180 days. The invention can enhance the body surface color of the large yellow croaker on the basis of ensuring the meat quality of the large yellow croaker, does not add any toxic or harmful component, improves the selling phase of the large yellow croaker, and ensures the quality and the economic value of the large yellow croaker.)

1. A fish feed, characterized in that: the fish feed at least contains 2% of gardenia jasminoides by weight.

2. A fish feed as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the fish feed comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 30-70% of crab shrimp powder, 10-60% of barley pest, 1-5% of morinda officinalis, 0.1-0.5% of pterin, 2-4% of purple sweet potato and 2-5% of gardenia jasminoides ellis.

3. A fish feed as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the fish feed further comprises: 1-5% of spirulina and 1-3% of tomatoes.

4. A fish feed as claimed in claim 3 wherein: the fish feed further comprises: 5-10% of carrot, 1-2% of haematococcus pluvialis and 2-5% of diatom.

5. A fish feed according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the preparation method of the fish feed comprises the following steps: preparing ingredients according to the weight percentage of the fish feed; mixing the above materials except fructus Gardeniae, grinding into powder, adding the ground fructus Gardeniae, mixing, and granulating.

6. Use of the fish feed of any one of claims 1 to 5 for improving the body color of large yellow croakers.

7. A cultivation technology for improving the body color of large yellow croakers is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

controlling the water temperature of a culture area to be 9-26 ℃, the transparency to be 20-60 cm, the salinity to be 10-16 and the water flow rate to be not higher than 0.2 m/s; feeding the fish feed for 2 times every day, and culturing for 120-180 days.

8. The culture technology for improving the body color of the large yellow croaker according to claim 7, wherein: the feeding time of the fish feed is 5: 00-7: 00 in the morning and 16: 00-15: 00 in the afternoon, and preferably 5:00 in the morning and 16:00 in the afternoon; the feeding amount is 1.0-2.0% of the weight of the fish body, and the preferable feeding amount is 1.5%.

9. The culture technology for improving the body color of large yellow croakers according to claim 7 or 8, wherein: the feeding time of the fish feed is 5:00 in the morning and 16:00 in the afternoon; the feeding amount is 1.5 percent of the weight of the fish body.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of fish culture, and particularly relates to a fish feed and application thereof.

Background

The large yellow croaker (Larimiches crocea) belongs to Osteichthyes, Perciformes, Scienidae and Larimichthys, is warm water cluster migratory fish, is mainly distributed in south China sea, east China sea and yellow sea, and is deeply loved by consumers due to delicious meat quality, golden body color, deep red lips and lucky symbols. The yield of the fish reaches 22.6 ten thousand tons in 2019, and the fish is the first to be cultivated in China and becomes one of the largest-scale seawater cultivated fish and eight dominant export cultivated aquatic products in China. At present, research on large yellow croakers mainly focuses on the culture technology, muscle nutrition, genetic breeding, disease control and the like, and great results are obtained. However, with the development of the breeding industry, the phenomena of blue or black body surface color, whitish abdomen and serious body color degradation of the bred large yellow croakers occur, so that the economic value is reduced, and the phenomena of late marketing and the like are generated.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a fish feed and its application to solve the above problems. The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

in a first aspect, the present invention provides a fish feed comprising at least 2% by weight gardenia jasminoides.

Further, the fish feed comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 30-70% of crab shrimp powder, 10-60% of barley pests, 1-5% of morinda officinalis, 0.1-0.5% of pterin, 2-4% of purple sweet potatoes and 2-5% of gardenia.

Preferably, the fish feed further comprises: 1-5% of spirulina and 1-3% of tomatoes.

Optionally, the fish feed further comprises: 5-10% of carrot, 1-2% of haematococcus pluvialis and 2-5% of diatom.

Further, the preparation method of the fish feed comprises the following steps: ingredients are formed according to the weight percent of the fish feed; mixing the above materials except fructus Gardeniae, grinding into powder, adding the ground fructus Gardeniae, mixing, and granulating.

In a second aspect, the invention provides application of the fish feed in improving body color of large yellow croakers.

In a third aspect, the invention provides a breeding technology for improving the body color of large yellow croakers, which comprises the following steps:

controlling the water temperature of a culture area to be 9-26 ℃, the transparency to be 20-60 cm, the salinity to be 10-16 and the water flow rate to be not higher than 0.2 m/s; feeding the fish feed for 2 times every day, and culturing for 120-180 days.

Preferably, the feeding time of the fish feed is 5: 00-7: 00 am and 16: 00-15: 00 pm, preferably 5:00 am and 16:00 pm; the feeding amount is 1.0-2.0% of the weight of the fish body, and the preferable feeding amount is 1.5%.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention can enhance the body surface color of the large yellow croaker on the basis of ensuring the meat quality of the large yellow croaker, does not add any toxic or harmful component, improves the selling phase of the large yellow croaker, and ensures the quality and the economic value of the large yellow croaker.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a photograph of large yellow croaker obtained using the fish feed of example 4 in example 6 of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a photograph of large yellow croaker obtained using a commercially available fish feed in example 6 of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that those whose specific conditions are not specified in the examples are carried out according to the conventional conditions or the conditions recommended by the manufacturers. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.

The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the following figures and specific examples, which are intended to be illustrative, but not limiting, of the invention.

Example 1

The embodiment provides a fish feed, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 70% of crab shrimp powder, 18.9% of barley worm, 5% of morinda officinalis, 0.1% of pterin, 4% of purple sweet potato and 2% of gardenia. The preparation method of the fish feed comprises the following steps: ingredients are formed according to the weight percent of the fish feed; mixing the above materials except fructus Gardeniae, grinding into powder, adding the ground fructus Gardeniae, mixing, and granulating.

Example 2

The embodiment provides a fish feed, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 31.5% of crab shrimp powder, 60% of barley pest, 1% of morinda officinalis, 0.5% of pterin, 2% of purple sweet potato and 5% of gardenia. The preparation method of the fish feed is the same as that of example 1.

Example 3

The embodiment provides a fish feed, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: crab shrimp powder 50%, barley worm 35.7%, morinda officinalis 3%, pterin 0.3%, purple sweet potato 3%, gardenia 3%, spirulina 3% and tomato 2%. The preparation method of the fish feed is the same as that of example 1.

Example 4

The embodiment provides a fish feed, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 60% of crab shrimp powder, 24.6% of barley pest, 4% of morinda officinalis, 0.4% of pterin, 2% of purple sweet potato, 3% of gardenia, 5% of spirulina, 1% of tomato, 7% of carrot, 2% of haematococcus pluvialis and 3% of diatom.

Example 5

This example provides a fish feed, which comprises 97% of Jianma pseudosciaena crocea compound feed and 3% of gardenia jasminoides, purchased from Fujian Tianma science and technology group, Ltd. The preparation method of the fish feed is the same as that of example 1.

Example 6

The embodiment provides a breeding technology for improving body color of large yellow croakers, which comprises the following steps:

the method is implemented on the spot of a certain large yellow croaker offshore culture base in Ningde city of Fujian province, 6 culture areas are divided, 20 ten thousand large yellow croaker fries are arranged in each culture area, the fish feed in the embodiment 1-5 and the commercially available fish feed (Jianma brand large yellow croaker compound feed of Fujian Tianma science and technology group Limited company) are respectively adopted for feeding, the water temperature of the culture area is controlled to be 18-23 ℃, the transparency is controlled to be 50-60 cm, the salinity is controlled to be 10-12, and the water flow rate is not higher than 0.2 m/s; feeding the fish feed for 2 times every day, wherein the feeding time of the fish feed is 5:00 a.m. and 16:00 a.m., the feeding amount is 1.5% of the weight of the fish body, and culturing for 180 days. The results of body color results of the finally obtained large yellow croaker are shown in table 1. The yield and meat quality results are shown in table 2.

TABLE 1 feeding effect of different formula feeds

Note: l, the luminance axis; a is⁺Red; a is^-Green; b⁺Yellow; b^-Black, black.

TABLE 2 results of large yellow croaker yield and meat quality for different formula feeds

Case(s)	Yield (kg/m)2)	Essential Amino Acid Index (EAAI)
			Example 1	26.9	70.18
Example 2	26.3	68.32
			Example 3	25.7	64.19
Example 4	30.4	75.61
			Example 5	27.6	73.22
Fish feed sold in the market	23.1	60.3

As can be seen from the data in Table 1, the cultivation effect of example 4 is the best, then example 5, then example 2, example 1 and example 3, and the body color data of the large yellow croaker in this example is superior to that of the commercial fish feed. As can be seen from the data in Table 2, the present example can obtain large yellow croaker yield higher than that of the commercial fish feed, and the index of essential amino acids in meat quality is higher, which indicates that the large yellow croaker obtained by the present invention has better quality. In addition, fig. 1 and 2 also provide photographs of the large yellow croaker obtained by using the fish feed of example 4 and using a commercially available fish feed, and compared with the commercially available fish feed, the body color of the large yellow croaker is yellowish on the back, golden on the abdomen, and very bright and beautiful.

In conclusion, the invention can enhance the body surface color of the large yellow croaker on the basis of ensuring the meat quality of the large yellow croaker, has no toxic or harmful components, improves the selling phase of the large yellow croaker, and ensures the quality and the economic value of the large yellow croaker.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.