阅读说明：本技术 一种钢帘线及其制备工艺 (Steel cord and preparation process thereof ) 是由 刘祥 王爱萍 赵年鹏 马卫铭 刘湘慧 潘春东 赵存军 于 2020-12-28 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种钢帘线及其制备工艺,包括位于中心的1根芯线钢丝,直径为d,围绕所述中心的1根芯线钢丝布置的且与所述芯线钢丝相切的M根鞘层钢丝,直径为d1,所述M根鞘层钢丝之间至少存在2个缝隙L；其中M为4；所述d、d1和L满足以下关系：0.420＜(d/d1)＜0.800,d1介于0.20mm和0.44mm之间L≥0.0008mm。本发明的钢帘线能够使得橡胶能够充分的渗透到缝隙中,减少钢帘线中的空气含量,避免了因没有渗入足够的橡胶导致各层钢丝之间的点接触摩擦,进而避免了钢帘线承载能力因磨损而失效的问题；避免从轮胎表面的外伤浸入钢帘线内部的水分等会浸入成为中空部的钢帘线内部的空隙中,改善轮胎的抗腐蚀、耐疲劳及抗冲击性能,提高了轮胎的使用寿命。(The invention discloses a steel cord and a preparation process thereof, wherein the steel cord comprises 1 core wire steel wire positioned in the center, the diameter of the core wire steel wire is d, M sheath layer steel wires which are arranged around the 1 core wire steel wire in the center and tangent to the core wire steel wire are d1, and at least 2 gaps L are formed between the M sheath layer steel wires; wherein M is 4; the d, d1 and L satisfy the following relationship: 0.420 < (d/d1) < 0.800, d1 between 0.20mm and 0.44mm, L ≥ 0.0008 mm. The steel cord can enable rubber to fully permeate into gaps, reduces the air content in the steel cord, avoids point contact friction between layers of steel wires due to insufficient permeation of rubber, and further avoids the problem that the bearing capacity of the steel cord is invalid due to abrasion; the water and the like which are immersed into the steel cord from the surface trauma of the tire can be prevented from being immersed into the gap inside the steel cord which becomes the hollow part, the corrosion resistance, the fatigue resistance and the impact resistance of the tire are improved, and the service life of the tire is prolonged.)

1. A steel cord characterized by: comprises that

1 core wire steel wire positioned in the center, the diameter is d,

m sheath layer steel wires which are arranged around the 1 core wire steel wire in the center and tangent to the core wire steel wire, the diameter of the M sheath layer steel wires is d1, and at least 2 gaps L exist among the M sheath layer steel wires; wherein M is 4;

the d, d1 and L satisfy the following relationship:

0.420＜（d/d1）＜0.800

d1 is between 0.20mm and 0.44mm

L≥0.0008mm。

2. A steel cord as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the d, d1 and L satisfy the following relationship:

0.462＜（d/d1）＜0.640

L≥0.006mm。

3. a steel cord as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: the d1 is between 0.20mm and 0.30mm, the 0.521 < (d/d1) < 0.640.

4. A steel cord according to claim 3, characterized in that: l is more than or equal to 0.015 mm.

5. A steel cord as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: the d1 is between 0.30mm and 0.44mm, the 0.462 < (d/d1) < 0.640.

6. A steel cord according to claim 5, characterized in that: l is more than or equal to 0.010 mm.

7. A steel cord according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: the lay length of the M sheath layer steel wires is 5-25 mm, and the lay direction is the S or Z direction.

8. A method of manufacturing a steel cord as claimed in claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: compile and twist with fingers the in-process will 1 heart yearn steel wire and M sheath steel wire unwrapping wire simultaneously, every the unwrapping wire tension of sheath steel wire equals 1 heart yearn steel wire unwrapping wire tension is greater than every sheath steel wire unwrapping wire tension will 1 heart yearn steel wire is arranged in and is lain in central point and puts, M the sheath steel wire centers on 1 heart yearn steel wire is 360 evenly distributed and is tied in a bundle and twist together.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of steel cords for radial tires, and particularly relates to a steel cord and a preparation process thereof.

Background

The key step of improving the performance of the tire in the manufacturing process of the radial tire is the tire forming process of the steel cord and the rubber, and the ideal state of the process is that the rubber can permeate into the steel cord and completely cover each steel wire in the steel cord. If the inside of the steel cord is left in the hollow portion, moisture or the like entering the inside of the steel cord from the external damage of the tire surface enters the void inside the steel cord which becomes the hollow portion, and as a result, corrosion proceeds from the inside of the steel cord, so that the fatigue performance of the steel cord deteriorates, and the tire life is shortened. Therefore, the rubber penetration performance of the steel cord has become an important index for the structural design of the steel cord.

At present, steel cords used in radial tires have a 4 × 1 structural form, but effective rubber penetration cannot be achieved, as in the portion F of fig. 5a, an internal cavity is created due to rubber penetration.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a steel cord which can improve the glue permeation capability and has a stable structure and a preparation process thereof.

The technical purpose is achieved, the technical effect is achieved, and the invention is realized through the following technical scheme:

a steel cord comprising

1 core wire steel wire positioned in the center, the diameter is d,

m sheath layer steel wires which are arranged around the 1 core wire steel wire in the center and tangent to the core wire steel wire, the diameter of the M sheath layer steel wires is d1, and at least 2 gaps L exist among the M sheath layer steel wires; wherein M is 4;

the d, d1 and L satisfy the following relationship:

0.420＜(d/d1)＜0.800

d1 is between 0.20mm and 0.44mm

L≥0.0008mm。

Preferably, d1 and L satisfy the following relationship:

0.462＜(d/d1)＜0.640

L≥0.006mm。

further, in the first preferred embodiment of the present invention, the d1 is between 0.20mm and 0.30mm, and the value 0.521 < (d/d1) < 0.640.

Further, correspondingly, the L is more than or equal to 0.015 mm.

Further, in the second preferred embodiment of the present invention, the d1 is between 0.30mm and 0.44mm, and the value of 0.462 < (d/d1) < 0.640.

Further, correspondingly, the L is more than or equal to 0.010 mm.

The invention further improves that the lay length of the M sheath layer steel wires is 5-25 mm, and the lay direction is S or Z direction.

The invention also provides a method for preparing the structural steel cord, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: compile and twist with fingers the in-process will 1 heart yearn steel wire and M sheath steel wire unwrapping wire simultaneously, every the unwrapping wire tension of sheath steel wire equals 1 heart yearn steel wire unwrapping wire tension is greater than every sheath steel wire unwrapping wire tension will 1 heart yearn steel wire is arranged in and is lain in central point and puts, M the sheath steel wire centers on 1 heart yearn steel wire is 360 evenly distributed and is tied in a bundle and twist together.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, by adjusting the diameters and the diameter ratios of the central core wire steel wire and the outer sheath layer steel wire, the steel cord with a stable structure of 1+4 is obtained, gaps for rubber infiltration can be formed between the adjacent sheath layer steel wires, and by adjusting the diameter of the outer sheath layer steel wire, rubber can fully infiltrate into the gaps, so that the air content in the steel cord is reduced, on one hand, the point contact friction between the steel wires of each layer caused by insufficient rubber infiltration is avoided, and further the problem that the bearing capacity of the steel cord is invalid due to abrasion is avoided; on the other hand, the phenomenon that water and the like which are immersed into the steel cord from the surface trauma of the tire can be immersed into the gap inside the steel cord which becomes the hollow part is avoided, so that the corrosion resistance, the fatigue resistance and the impact resistance of the tire can be effectively improved, and the service life of the tire is prolonged.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a steel cord of 1+4 structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a steel cord of a conventional product structure (no core wire steel wire), abbreviated as a 4X 1 structure;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a process for manufacturing a steel cord according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a structure in which a 1+4 steel cord is slid in the prior art;

fig. 5 is a schematic view showing the effect of the size of the gap L on the penetration of the rubber fluid, wherein 5(a) is a steel cord of a 4 × 1 structure of the prior art, 5(b) is a schematic view showing the effect of the penetration of the rubber fluid of a steel cord having a 1+4 structure of the present invention, and fig. 5(c) is an enlarged schematic view of the position E of fig. 5 (b);

wherein: 10-core steel wire, 20-sheath steel wire, 30-steel cord.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

The following detailed description of the principles of the invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings.

The structure of the steel cord manufactured by the present invention shown in fig. 1, the steel cord 30 comprises 1 core wire 10 at the center, and M sheath layer wires 20 arranged around the 1 core wire 10 at the center and tangent to the outer circumference of the core wire 10, there being at least 2 gaps L between the M sheath layer wires; the diameter d of the 1 core wire 10 is smaller than the diameter d1 of the sheath wire 20.

Specifically, on the premise that the steel cord 30 used in the radial tire meets the strength requirement of the tire cord, the further improvement of the rubber permeation performance is helpful for prolonging the service life of the tire.

The width of the gap L is adjusted by adjusting the ratio of d to d1, and the ratio of d to d1 is 0.420-0.640 in the invention, so that the phenomenon that the gap L is gathered due to the sliding of the outer sheath layer steel wire 20, the total size of the gathered gap L is larger than that of the core wire steel wire 10, and the occurrence of a compact structure due to the fact that the central core wire steel wire 10 slides to the outer layer is avoided.

On this basis, in order to enable sufficient penetration of rubber into the gap L, the size of the gap L is controlled by adjusting the sheath wire diameter d1, wherein the sheath wire diameter d1 is between 0.20mm and 0.44mm, and an average width of the gap L of not less than 0.0008mm is obtained.

More preferably, the ratio of d to d1 is 0.462-0.640, so as to obtain an average width of the gap L of not less than 0.006 mm.

Specifically, the adjustment can be performed in two situations:

when the diameter d1 of the sheath steel wire is between 0.20mm and 0.30mm, the size of the gap L needs to be increased to improve the success rate of glue permeation, so that 0.521 < (d/d1) < 0.640. The L is controlled to be at least 0.015 mm.

When the diameter d1 of the sheath steel wire is between 0.30mm and 0.44mm, the size of the gap L can be properly reduced and the complete penetration of rubber can be ensured, so that the value of 0.462 < (d/d1) < 0.640, and the size of the gap L is controlled to be 0.010mm or more.

The steel cord 30 of this structure has the following advantages,

(1) the double-layer 1+ M structure is adopted, the diameter of the middle core wire steel wire 10 is smaller than that of the sheath layer steel wire 20, a single central steel wire is prevented from being used as a main part for bearing mechanical impact, and the possibility of breakage of the steel cord 30 is reduced.

(2) By regulating the ratio of d to d1, on one hand, a quadrangle with a stable structure on the cross section can be obtained as shown in fig. 4a, and the displacement of the sheath layer steel wire 20 is avoided, so that the central core wire steel wire 10 is exposed to the outer layer, and a pentagon with poor glue permeability and an irregular structure as shown in fig. 4b is formed; on the other hand, the two sheath steel wires 20 are not contacted with each other, and the gap L between the two sheath steel wires is convenient for rubber infiltration.

(3) Through the regulation and control above, can be on the basis of guaranteeing steel cord 30 self stable in structure, adjust the width of gap L simultaneously, because the width of gap L department is the narrowest position to the rubber body of parcel in steel cord 30, here not only the position of the infiltration mouth of rubber, also be simultaneously a position like the E position of fig. 5b of bottleneck's position, because the viscidity of rubber fluid is big, the mobility is poor, so in the rubber infiltration process, because rubber fluid blocks up at the bottleneck very easily, the inside cavity that has formed between bottleneck and the middle heart yearn steel wire 10 is like the F position of fig. 5c, make the structure of tire cord fabric inhomogeneous, also avoid the later stage because of the emergence condition of the steel wire corrosion that the infiltration of moisture leads to simultaneously. Secondly, the diameters of the core wire 10 and the sheath wire 20 also affect the penetration of the rubber fluid, particularly the diameter of the sheath wire 20. When the rubber fluid infiltrates into the steel cord 30, the fluid flows ideally, first, the rubber fluid flows to the surface of the core wire 10 along the surface of the sheath wire 20 to the inside, and then, the filling is performed from the bottom to the opposite side, and since the surface curvatures of the core wire 10 and the sheath wire 20 are different, the ductility of the fluid on the respective surfaces is also different, the diameter of the sheath wire 20 used in the present invention is larger than that of the core wire 10, so that the rubber fluid can flow to the position where the core wire 10 and the sheath wire 20 contact the apex angle, and the gap of the apex angle is completely filled. Meanwhile, the proportion of d and d1 is adjusted according to the diameter of the sheath steel wire 20, so that the size of the gap L at the bottleneck position is adjusted, and a more stable steel cord structure is obtained on the premise of adjustment on the premise of meeting the effective penetration of rubber fluid.

Corresponding to the steel cord 30 constituting the 1+4 structure. The steel cord 30 is manufactured as follows.

The process flow comprises the following steps:

raw material → rough drawing → heat treatment of medium thread → medium drawing → heat treatment plating → wet drawing → weaving and twisting → finished product;

raw materials:

is a steel wire rod and comprises the following components: a minimum carbon content of 0.60% (e.g., at least 0.72% or at least 0.80% or at least 0.86% or at least 0.92%); manganese content ranging from 0.20% to 0.90%; the silicon content ranges from 0.15% to 0.90%; the maximum sulfur content was 0.03%; the maximum phosphorus content was 0.30%; in order to reduce the amount of deformation required to obtain a predetermined tensile strength, elements such as chromium (up to 0.1 to 0.4%), boron, etc. may also be added; the balance of iron, all percentages being by weight.

The steel wire rod is drawn to the steel wire with the required final diameter through the steps of rough drawing, middle drawing, wet drawing and the like. The final diameter of the steel wire ranges from 0.10mm to 0.44 mm. There may be one or two heat treatment steps between the drawing steps of rough drawing, medium drawing, wet drawing, etc., for example a sorbitizing treatment of the steel wire.

The steel wire is subjected to an electroplating process before wet drawing, so that the steel wire is provided with a coating for improving the rubber adhesion, wherein the coating is a composite body with different copper-zinc percentages, and the percentages are weight percentages.

The braiding can be made using a tube stranding machine or a double stranding machine, preferably a double stranding machine, see fig. 3. The method comprises the steps that 1 core wire steel wire 10 and M sheath layer steel wires 20 are paid off simultaneously, the paying off tension of each steel wire in the M sheath layer steel wires 20 is equal, the paying off tension of the core wire steel wire 10 is larger than the average value of the paying off tension of the M sheath layer steel wires 20, when all the steel wires pass through a branching device a, the core wire steel wire 10 is located at the central position of a branching plate, the M sheath layer steel wires 20 are uniformly distributed around the core wire steel wires 10 at 360 degrees, the core wire passes through a bundling position b and a steel cord structure stabilizing device c, then twisting is conducted in the S direction, the twisting distance is 20mm (the sheath layer steel wire d1 is 0.415mm) or the twisting distance is 16mm (the sheath layer steel wire d1 is 0.280mm), and the steel wire bundle passes through a stress eliminating.

The results show that

Take 1+4 structure as an example

Examples 1-5, 7-11: the steel cord 30 was manufactured by adjusting the structure of the steel cord 30 according to the parameter relationship corresponding to each example shown in table 1.

TABLE 1

The lower the pressure drop of the rubber permeation test in table 1, the better the permeation performance; the pressure drop is 0 percent, and the specific method for rubber permeation pressure drop is disclosed in Chinese patent application publication CN 102666972A.

The larger the rubber coating in the rubber permeation test in table 1 is, the better the permeation performance is; the rubber coating is 100 percent of complete rubber permeation, and the specific rubber coating method for the rubber permeation test comprises the following steps: cutting a section of steel cord and placing the steel cord in a mold box with rubber, then covering rubber on the other side of the placed steel cord, forming a steel cord sample solidified in the rubber after a certain period of high temperature and high pressure, cutting a sample of 25mm, stripping a sheath steel wire, measuring the approximate length J and the width K of the non-rubber-coated part of the sheath steel wire M, calculating the area of the non-rubber-coated steel wire, dividing the area by the total area of all steel wires obtained by multiplying the approximate width of the non-rubber-coated part by 25mm to obtain the percentage of the non-rubber-coated part, and subtracting the percentage by 1 to obtain the rubber coating percentage. See equation 1 specifically:

[1-(J₁*K₁+J₂*K₂+…+J_M*K_M)/(K₁+K₂+…+K_M)*25]×100％

table 1 clearly shows that the bleed performance of the steel cord is greatly improved compared to the prior art products. The rubber of the existing product can not permeate basically, and the steel wire inside the steel cord is easy to rust. The steel cord structure is open, and rubber can well infiltrate into the interior of the steel cord, so that the corrosion of steel wires is well avoided, and the service life of the tire is prolonged. The ratio of the core wire diameter to the sheath wire diameter determines the width of the gap L and also determines the difference in the glue permeability.

The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.