阅读说明：本技术 一种固体废弃物热解的防结焦装置及其防结焦的方法 (Anti-coking device for pyrolysis of solid waste and anti-coking method thereof ) 是由 戴昕 刘军 赵慧慧 郭燕 张小赛 冉根柱 潘天琪 宫建瑞 李钦钦 刘健 于 2020-11-24 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种固体废弃物热解的防结焦装置,包括热解烟气进气管、冷凝管、第二加热带、出气管、热解油收集装置；所述冷凝管包括下行管和上行管；所述热解油收集装置设置在下行管与上行管之间,位于冷凝管的最低处,与冷凝管联通；所述热解烟气进气管与下行管上部进口连接；所述出气管与上行管上部出口连接；所述第二加热带设置在热解油收集装置与冷凝管联通处。针对固体废弃物热解产生成分复杂、粘度较高、容易产生结焦问题,本发明提供了一种固体废弃物热解过程的防结焦装置,通过将热解油冷凝分离,从而避免对后续管道的堵塞问题。(The invention discloses an anti-coking device for pyrolysis of solid wastes, which comprises a pyrolysis flue gas inlet pipe, a condensing pipe, a second heating belt, a gas outlet pipe and a pyrolysis oil collecting device, wherein the second heating belt is arranged on the second heating belt; the condenser pipe comprises a descending pipe and an ascending pipe; the pyrolysis oil collecting device is arranged between the down pipe and the up pipe, is positioned at the lowest part of the condensing pipe and is communicated with the condensing pipe; the pyrolysis flue gas inlet pipe is connected with an inlet at the upper part of the descending pipe; the air outlet pipe is connected with an outlet at the upper part of the ascending pipe; the second heating belt is arranged at the communication position of the pyrolysis oil collecting device and the condensing pipe. The invention provides an anti-coking device for a solid waste pyrolysis process, aiming at the problems of complex components, high viscosity and easy coking of solid waste pyrolysis, and the problem of blockage of subsequent pipelines is avoided by condensing and separating pyrolysis oil.)

1. An anti-coking device for pyrolysis of solid wastes is characterized by comprising a pyrolysis flue gas inlet pipe, a condensing pipe, a second heating belt, a gas outlet pipe and a pyrolysis oil collecting device; the condenser pipe comprises a descending pipe and an ascending pipe; the pyrolysis oil collecting device is arranged between the down pipe and the up pipe, is positioned at the lowest part of the condensing pipe and is communicated with the condensing pipe; the pyrolysis flue gas inlet pipe is connected with an inlet at the upper part of the descending pipe; the air outlet pipe is connected with an outlet at the upper part of the ascending pipe; the second heating belt is arranged at the communication position of the pyrolysis oil collecting device and the condensing pipe.

2. The anti-coking device for pyrolysis of solid waste according to claim 1, wherein the condensation pipe further comprises a transition pipe, and the transition pipe is arranged between the down pipe and the up pipe; the pyrolysis oil collecting device is communicated with the transition pipe; the second heating zone is disposed on the transition duct.

3. The anti-coking device for pyrolysis of solid wastes according to claim 1, characterized in that at least two groups of the condensation pipes are provided, and each group of the condensation pipes are connected with each other through a connecting pipe.

4. The anti-coking device for pyrolyzing solid wastes according to claim 1, wherein the pyrolysis flue gas inlet pipe is arranged in an inclined state; a temperature control heating layer is arranged on the pyrolysis flue gas inlet pipe; and an asbestos heat-insulating layer is wrapped outside the pyrolysis flue gas inlet pipe.

5. The anti-coking device for pyrolysis of solid wastes according to claim 1, wherein the gas outlet pipe is wrapped with an asbestos insulation layer.

6. The anti-coking device for pyrolysis of solid wastes according to claim 1, wherein the second heating belt is a heating belt with temperature control, and the second heating belt is made of silica gel; the power of the second heating belt is 100W, and the temperature control range is 30-300 ℃.

7. The anti-coking device for pyrolysis of solid wastes according to claim 2, characterized in that the ascending pipe, the descending pipe and the transition pipe form a U-shaped structure condensation pipe with the descending pipe and the ascending pipe vertically arranged.

8. The anti-coking device for pyrolysis of solid wastes according to claim 3, wherein the connecting pipe is provided with a first heating belt.

9. The anti-coking device for pyrolysis of solid wastes according to claim 8, wherein the first heating belt is a heating belt with temperature control, and the first heating belt is made of silica gel; the power of the first heating belt is 100W, and the temperature control range is 30-300 ℃.

10. A method for preventing coking by using the anti-coking device for pyrolysis of solid wastes according to the claims 1 to 9, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

before starting the pyrolysis furnace, opening the first heating belt, preheating the connecting pipe to enable the temperature of the connecting pipe to be close to the temperature of the flowing flue gas, and reducing the phenomenon that pyrolysis oil in the flue gas is too early condensed in a pipeline due to the low temperature of the connecting pipe when the flue gas flows through the connecting pipe;

after the first heating zone works for 20min, the front-section pyrolysis furnace is started to pyrolyze the solid wastes, pyrolysis flue gas generated by the pyrolysis furnace enters the condensing tube through the pyrolysis flue gas inlet tube, condensed pyrolysis oil in the inlet tube flows back to the pyrolysis furnace along the inclined inlet tube, and the rest pyrolysis flue gas sequentially passes through all the condensing tubes;

the pyrolysis flue gas enters a condensing pipe, is condensed in the condensing pipe, and under the heating action of a first heating belt, condensed substances flow into a pyrolysis oil collecting device in a liquid state, and are further cooled into a paste or liquid state which is difficult to flow in the pyrolysis oil collecting device;

and after the pyrolysis furnace stops operating and pyrolysis work is finished, starting the second heating belt until pyrolysis oil is collected completely.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of pyrolysis anti-coking, in particular to an anti-coking device for a solid waste pyrolysis process.

Background

With the development of economy and the improvement of social living standard, the yield of solid wastes is greatly increased. Compared with other solid waste disposal methods, the pyrolysis method has the advantages of strong environmental friendliness, high energy ratio, good economic benefit and the like. The solid waste is pyrolyzed to generate three products of pyrolysis gas, pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis residue. Wherein, the pyrolysis oil has complex components and high viscosity, is easy to generate coking, and further has the problems of pipeline blockage and the like.

The invention provides an anti-coking device for a solid waste pyrolysis process, aiming at the problems of complex components, high viscosity and easy coking of solid waste pyrolysis, and the problem of blockage of subsequent pipelines is avoided by condensing and separating pyrolysis oil.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art, provides an innovative scheme, and particularly provides a scheme capable of effectively solving the problems of high viscosity, easy coking and the like of pyrolysis gas, pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis slag generated by pyrolysis of solid wastes.

In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the following scheme: an anti-coking device for pyrolysis of solid wastes is characterized by comprising a pyrolysis flue gas inlet pipe, a condensing pipe, a second heating belt, a gas outlet pipe and a pyrolysis oil collecting device; the condenser pipe comprises a descending pipe and an ascending pipe; the pyrolysis oil collecting device is arranged between the down pipe and the up pipe, is positioned at the lowest part of the condensing pipe and is communicated with the condensing pipe; the pyrolysis flue gas inlet pipe is connected with an inlet at the upper part of the descending pipe; the air outlet pipe is connected with an outlet at the upper part of the ascending pipe; the second heating belt is arranged at the communication position of the pyrolysis oil collecting device and the condensing pipe.

Further, according to the above design scheme, the anti-coking device for pyrolysis of solid waste is characterized in that the condensation pipe further comprises a transition pipe, and the transition pipe is arranged between the down pipe and the up pipe; the pyrolysis oil collecting device is communicated with the transition pipe; the second heating zone is disposed on the transition duct.

Further, according to the above design scheme, the anti-coking device for pyrolysis of solid waste is characterized in that at least two groups of condensation pipes are arranged, and each group of condensation pipes are connected through a connecting pipe.

Further, according to the anti-coking device for pyrolysis of the solid waste in the design scheme, the pyrolysis flue gas inlet pipe is arranged in an inclined state; a temperature control heating layer is arranged on the pyrolysis flue gas inlet pipe; and an asbestos heat-insulating layer is wrapped outside the pyrolysis flue gas inlet pipe.

Further, according to the above design scheme, the anti-coking device for pyrolysis of solid waste is characterized in that the gas outlet pipe is wrapped with an asbestos insulation layer.

Further, according to the above design scheme, the anti-coking device for pyrolysis of solid waste is characterized in that the second heating belt is a heating belt with temperature control, and the second heating belt is made of silica gel; the power of the second heating belt is 100W, and the temperature control range is 30-300 ℃.

Further, according to the above design scheme, the anti-coking device for pyrolysis of solid waste is characterized in that the ascending pipe, the descending pipe and the transition pipe form a U-shaped structure condensation pipe with the descending pipe and the ascending pipe vertically arranged.

Further, according to the above design scheme, the anti-coking device for pyrolysis of solid waste is characterized in that the connecting pipe is provided with a first heating belt.

Further, according to the above design scheme, the anti-coking device for pyrolysis of solid waste is characterized in that the first heating belt is a heating belt with temperature control, and the first heating belt is made of silica gel; the power of the first heating belt is 100W, and the temperature control range is 30-300 ℃.

Further, the method for preventing coking of the anti-coking device for pyrolyzing the solid wastes by using the design scheme is characterized by comprising the following steps:

1. before starting the pyrolysis furnace, opening the first heating belt, preheating the connecting pipe to enable the temperature of the connecting pipe to be close to the temperature of the flowing flue gas, and reducing the phenomenon that pyrolysis oil in the flue gas is too early condensed in a pipeline due to the low temperature of the connecting pipe when the flue gas flows through the connecting pipe;

2. after the first heating zone works for 20min, the front-section pyrolysis furnace is started to pyrolyze the solid wastes, pyrolysis flue gas generated by the pyrolysis furnace enters the condensing tube through the pyrolysis flue gas inlet tube, condensed pyrolysis oil in the inlet tube flows back to the pyrolysis furnace along the inclined inlet tube, and the rest pyrolysis flue gas sequentially passes through all the condensing tubes;

3. the pyrolysis flue gas enters a condensing pipe, is condensed in the condensing pipe, and under the heating action of a first heating belt, condensed substances flow into a pyrolysis oil collecting device in a liquid state, and are further cooled into a paste or liquid state which is difficult to flow in the pyrolysis oil collecting device;

4. and after the pyrolysis furnace stops operating and pyrolysis work is finished, starting the second heating belt until pyrolysis oil is collected completely.

The invention has the following technical effects: the invention provides an anti-coking device for a solid waste pyrolysis process, aiming at the problems of complex components, high viscosity and easy coking of solid waste pyrolysis.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an anti-coking device for pyrolysis of solid waste.

Wherein, pyrolysis flue gas intake pipe 1, fixed bolster 2, condenser pipe 3, pyrolysis oil collection device 4, transition pipe 5, connecting pipe 6, down pipe 31, upward pipe 32, second heating zone 51, first heating zone 61, outlet duct 7.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example 1: as shown in fig. 1, the anti-coking device for pyrolysis of solid waste comprises a pyrolysis flue gas inlet pipe 1, a condenser pipe 3, a first heating belt 61, a second heating belt 51, an outlet pipe 7, a pyrolysis oil collecting device 4 and a fixing support 2. The pyrolysis flue gas inlet pipe 1 is in an inclined state, and the condensation pipe 3 is divided into three stages, namely, stage I, stage II and stage III. The condensation pipe 3 comprises a down pipe 31 and an up pipe 32, and the condensation pipe 3 is fixed on the same bracket by the fixing bracket 2. The first heating belt 61 and the second heating belt 51 are heating belts with temperature control, the materials of the heating belts are silica gel, the power of the heating belts is 100W, and the temperature control range is 30-300 ℃. The air outlet pipe 7 is connected to an air outlet condensation pipe of the III-level U-shaped pipe, and an asbestos heat insulation layer is wrapped outside the air outlet condensation pipe. The pyrolysis oil collecting device 4 is additionally arranged below the second heating belt 51 and used for collecting condensed pyrolysis oil, and the pyrolysis oil enters the pyrolysis oil collecting device through a pore of the upper arc-shaped connecting pipeline. To the solid waste pyrolysis composition complicacy, viscosity is higher, produce the coking problem easily, this embodiment provides a solid waste pyrolysis process's anti-coking device, through with pyrolysis oil condensation separation to avoid the jam problem to follow-up pipeline.

Example 2: the utility model provides an anti-coking device of solid waste pyrolysis process, includes pyrolysis flue gas intake pipe, condenser pipe, first heating band, second heating band, outlet duct, pyrolysis oil collection device, fixed bolster.

The pyrolysis flue gas inlet pipe is in an inclined state, tar condensed along the pipeline at the section of the pipeline can flow back to the pyrolysis furnace at the front end, and the problem that the pipeline is blocked due to tar caking in the pipeline is effectively solved. And a temperature control heating belt is additionally arranged outside the air inlet pipe.

The condenser pipe is vertical and divided into three stages, namely stage I, stage II and stage III, and the condenser pipes are connected through arc-shaped pipelines and fixed on the same support by the fixing support.

The first heating zone is a heating zone outside a connecting pipeline connected with the upper parts of the I-level U-shaped pipe, the II-level U-shaped pipe and the III-level U-shaped pipe, the first heating zone is a heating zone with temperature control, the first heating zone is made of silica gel, the power of the heating zone is 100W, and the temperature control range is 30-300 ℃.

The second heating zone is a heating zone outside the connecting pipeline connected with the lower parts of the I-level U-shaped pipe, the II-level U-shaped pipe and the III-level U-shaped pipe. The second heating belt is a heating belt with temperature control, the material of the second heating belt is silica gel, the power of the heating belt is 100W, and the temperature control range is 30-300 ℃.

The second heating belt comprises the second heating belt, the second heating belt and the second heating belt. The second heating zone is a heating zone of a connecting pipe at the lower part of the I-stage U-shaped pipe; the second heating zone is a heating zone of a connecting pipe at the lower part of the II-stage U-shaped pipe; the second heating zone is a heating zone of a connecting pipe at the lower part of the III-grade U-shaped pipe.

The air outlet pipe is connected to the air outlet condensation pipe of the III-level U-shaped pipe, and an asbestos heat insulation layer is wrapped outside the air outlet condensation pipe.

The pyrolysis oil collecting device is additionally arranged below the second heating belt and used for collecting condensed pyrolysis oil, and the pyrolysis oil enters the pyrolysis oil collecting device through a pore of the upper arc-shaped connecting pipeline.

And an asbestos heat-insulating layer is wrapped outside the pipe wall of the pyrolysis flue gas inlet pipe.

The first heating belt starts to work for 20min before pyrolysis starts until the first heating belt works for 20min after pyrolysis is finished. And the second heating zone is a technology from the end of pyrolysis work to the end of tar collection.

Example 3: a method for preventing coking by using an anti-coking device for pyrolysis of solid wastes comprises the following steps:

1) before starting the pyrolysis furnace, opening the first heating belt to enable the temperature of the pipeline to be close to the temperature of the flowing flue gas, so that the phenomenon that pyrolysis oil in the flue gas is prematurely condensed in the pipeline due to low temperature of the pipeline when the flue gas flows through the pipeline is reduced;

2) after the first heating zone works for 20min, starting a front-section pyrolysis furnace to pyrolyze solid wastes, enabling pyrolysis flue gas generated by the pyrolysis furnace to pass through a pyrolysis oil flue gas inlet pipe, enabling pyrolysis oil condensed in the inlet pipe to flow back to the pyrolysis furnace along the inclined inlet pipe, and enabling the rest pyrolysis flue gas to sequentially enter a I-level U-shaped pipe, a II-level U-shaped pipe and a III-level U-shaped pipe;

3) the pyrolysis flue gas enters a condensing pipe and is condensed in the condensing pipe, and due to a heating belt at the part of a pipeline where steam is easy to condense, condensed substances are not solidified in the pipeline immediately due to too low temperature but flow into the pyrolysis oil collecting device in a liquid state, and are further cooled in a tank into a paste or liquid state which is difficult to flow;

4) after the pyrolysis operation of the pyrolysis furnace is stopped, the overall temperature of the device is reduced, so that the pyrolysis flue gas in the device is condensed. In order to avoid the pyrolysis oil from being condensed in the pipeline too early, the second heating belt is opened immediately after the pyrolysis furnace stops running until the pyrolysis oil is collected;

5) after three-stage condensation, most of pyrolysis oil in the pyrolysis flue gas is collected and enters the pyrolysis oil collection device, and the residual hot flue gas is discharged from the gas outlet pipe and enters a subsequent treatment device.