阅读说明：本技术 一种爆炸物殉爆反应效应判定方法 (Determination method for sympathetic explosion reaction effect of explosive ) 是由 薛乐星 冯晓军 冯博 席鹏 封雪松 潘文 赵娟 于 2020-12-14 设计创作，主要内容包括：本申请公开了一种爆炸物殉爆反应效应判定方法,本方法以主发药柱起爆试验为基准,测定殉爆试验的爆炸输出效应,通过冲击波压力、爆炸火球大小及见证板变形程度,判定两种爆炸物殉爆后反应效应相对于单一爆炸物起爆试验是否发生增强。解决现有殉爆试验无法进行殉爆后反应结果判定的问题。优点是：判定试验药量一致,判定参数多,可信度高,场地布置简单、快速。适用于各类爆炸物殉爆后反应效应是否增强的判定。(The application discloses an explosive sympathetic explosion reaction effect determination method, and the method uses a main explosive column detonation test as a reference, determines the explosion output effect of the sympathetic explosion test, and determines whether the sympathetic explosion post reaction effect of two explosives is enhanced relative to a single explosive detonation test through shock wave pressure, explosive fireball size and witness plate deformation degree. The problem that the determination of the reaction result after sympathetic explosion can not be carried out in the conventional sympathetic explosion test is solved. The advantages are that: the test dosage is consistent, the judgment parameters are multiple, the reliability is high, and the field arrangement is simple and rapid. The method is suitable for judging whether the sympathetic postexplosion reaction effect of various explosives is enhanced.)

1. A method for judging the sympathetic explosion reaction effect of an explosive is characterized in that a test system utilized by the test method comprises a main explosive sending column (1), a to-be-sent column (2), a witness board (3), a shock wave pressure measuring device (4) and a high-speed photograph (5);

the explosive needs to meet the requirements of GB 14371 on a first class of substances, and comprises two types of explosives A and B, the main explosive column (1) is a cylindrical formed explosive column, and a detonator and an explosion-propagating column for detonation are arranged on the upper end face of the main explosive column; the explosive-dispensed column (2) is a cylindrical shaped explosive column without a detonating device; the witness plate (3) is a steel plate; the number of the shock wave pressure measuring devices (4) is not less than 5, and the shock wave pressure measuring devices are positioned on a normal line of a central line connecting line of the main explosive column (1) and the explosive column (2);

the method comprises the following steps:

step 1, placing two main explosive columns (1) containing explosives A at the center of a witness plate (3), and measuring the distance between the two main explosive columns (1);

step 2, installing the shock wave pressure measuring devices (4) on a normal line of a connecting line of the two main explosive columns (1), and measuring the distance between each shock wave pressure measuring device (4) and the midpoint of the connecting line of the two main explosive columns (1);

step 3, mounting the high-speed photography (5) on a normal line connecting the two main explosive columns (1);

step 4, simultaneously detonating the two main explosive columns (1), recording the shock wave pressure by a shock wave pressure measuring device (4), recording an explosion fireball by high-speed photography (5), and shooting the state of the witness plate (3);

step 5, replacing a new evidence finding plate (3), placing two main explosive columns (1) containing explosives B in the center of the evidence finding plate (3), wherein the distance between the two main explosive columns (1) is the same as that in the step 1, and the distance between a shock wave pressure measuring device (4) and the middle point of the connecting line of the two main explosive columns (1) is the same as that in the step 2;

step 6, repeating the step 4;

step 7, replacing a new evidence plate (3), placing a main explosive sending column (1) containing an explosive A and a to-be-sent column (2) containing an explosive B in the center of the evidence plate (3), wherein the distance between the main explosive sending column (1) and the to-be-sent column (2) is the same as that in the step 1, and the distance between a shock wave pressure measuring device (4) and the middle point of the connecting line of the two main explosive sending columns (1) is the same as that in the step 2;

8, detonating the main explosive column (1), recording the shock wave pressure by a shock wave pressure measuring device (4), recording an explosion fireball by high-speed photography (5), and shooting the deformation state of the witness plate (3);

step 9, replacing a new evidence plate (3), placing a main explosive sending column (1) containing an explosive B and a to-be-sent column (2) containing an explosive A in the center of the evidence plate (3), wherein the distance between the main explosive sending column (1) and the to-be-sent column (2) is the same as that in the step 1, and the distance between a shock wave pressure measuring device (4) and the middle point of the connecting line of the two main explosive sending columns (1) is the same as that in the step 2;

step 10, repeating step 8;

step 11, judging whether sympathetic explosion occurs through the witness board, judging whether sympathetic explosion occurs according to the criterion that if the witness board at one side of the drug dispensing column (2) generates perforation, tearing, breakage and other penetrating damage phenomena, judging that sympathetic explosion does not occur; if a sympathetic explosion occurs, the determination of step 12 is performed, otherwise, the determination of step 13 is performed.

Step 12, the sympathetic post-detonation reaction effect of explosive a and explosive B is enhanced if one of the following conditions occurs:

firstly, the fire balls shot by high-speed photography of at least one test in the results of the step 10 and the step 8 are more than 10% larger than any one fire ball in the test results of the step 4 and the step 6;

secondly, the peak pressure of the shock wave of at least one test in the results of the step 10 and the step 8 is more than 10 percent of any peak pressure in the test results of the step 4 and the step 6;

and step 13, judging that the reaction effect after sympathetic explosion of explosive A and explosive B is not enhanced if no sympathetic explosion occurs or the phenomenon listed in step 12 does not occur.

Technical Field

The application relates to a determination method for sympathetic explosion reaction effect of an explosive, which is suitable for assessing the sympathetic explosion reaction safety of the explosive.

Technical Field

The explosive quantity is an important parameter when explosives are stored and transported, the explosive quantity can be calculated through a simple algebraic sum for a single type of explosives, but the explosive quantity cannot be simply added for different types of explosives, or the algebraic sum is converted into an algebraic sum after TNT equivalent, and the core reason is that the explosive effect superposition amplification effect can exist for different explosives when the explosives are exploded, namely the effect of 1+1>2 can exist. Therefore, at present, it is usually hard to specify which explosives can be mixed and stored and which explosives cannot be mixed and stored.

The risk of explosives during mixed storage and transportation mainly comes from explosion effect, and therefore sympathetic explosion is an important parameter for judging safety. Upon detonation of explosive a, explosive B separated from it by an inert medium is caused to detonate, a phenomenon known as a sympathetic explosion. The sympathetic explosion test is an important method for judging the safety of explosives, and can provide a basic basis for determining safe distances of workshops and storehouses for the production and storage of explosives and powders. The sympathetic explosion reaction safety is used for evaluating whether the explosive effect of two explosives after sympathetic explosion is enhanced or not, and can be used for judging whether the explosives can be mixed for storage and transportation or not.

The current sympathetic explosion test mainly reflects the sympathetic explosion safety of explosives through the sympathetic explosion distance, and whether the sympathetic explosion occurs in the primed column is judged by changing the distance between the main priming charge and the primed charge and methods such as a witness plate and pressure measurement during a specific test. The gap distance is the maximum distance between two charges which can make 100% of the charges detonate, and the gap distance is the minimum distance which can make 100% of the charges not detonate when the main charge detonates. The determination standard of whether the sympathetic explosion is whether the shock wave intensity when the main explosive column and the initiated explosive are tested together is greater than that when a single main explosive column is used. Because the dose of the main explosive column is less than the total mass of the main explosive column and the ignited powder, whether the main ignited column is superposed and amplified after sympathetic explosion cannot be judged.

The section 5-5d of the U.S. department of defense ammunition and explosives risk classification program (TB700-2) contains a sympathetic explosion test method, which is classified as 6(b) stacking test in the national method of acceptance and itemization of dangerous cargo transportation explosives (GB/T14372-2013), which is directed to an explosive to verify whether combustion or an explosion can propagate in the explosive, for determining whether an explosive belongs to the dangerous item level 1.1.

The gap explosion test commonly used at present comprises an aerial explosion method and an underwater explosion method, two explosive columns are adopted, one is a main explosive charge, the other is a discharged explosive charge, the two are separated by a certain distance, the gap explosion method judges whether the discharged explosive charge is gap explosion under different distances through a witness plate and blast wave pressure, the test method is simple and rapid, and the requirement on the test site is low. The principle of the underwater explosion method is the same as that of the blank explosion method, the sympathetic explosion is judged by utilizing the peak pressure of the underwater shock wave and the period of the air bubble, and the presentation form of the test result is the same as that of the blank explosion method. Generally, no standard method for sympathetic explosion tests of different explosives is established at home and abroad.

The determination of the sympathetic explosion reaction effect generally adopts a method of converting the amount of the explosive, the conversion is carried out into the mass of a main explosive charge or the mass of a reference explosive (generally TNT equivalent), the conversion process takes the explosion heat as a basis, the possible existence between the main explosive and a to-be-initiated explosive is not considered, the explosion effect coupling amplification exists, a large test error exists, the amount of the explosive during storage and transportation is calculated incorrectly, the safety protection is improper, and a safety accident occurs.

In summary, the prior art has the following disadvantages:

(1) no determination test method for the sympathetic explosion effect is established, and the conventional sympathetic explosion test can determine whether the sympathetic explosion occurs and the distance of the sympathetic explosion, and can not determine whether the explosion effect before and after the sympathetic explosion is enhanced;

(2) different test doses in sympathetic explosion tests have no comparability of explosion effect, and the method cannot be used for determining whether the explosion effect after sympathetic explosion is enhanced.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects of the background art, the method for judging the sympathetic explosion effect of the explosive is provided, whether the sympathetic explosion effect is enhanced or not is judged by comparing the explosion effect parameters of a detonation test and a sympathetic explosion test under the same explosive quantity, the judgment on the sympathetic explosion safety during storage and transportation of the explosive can be met, and judgment basis is provided for the mixed storage and transportation of different types of explosives. The operation method in the test process is simple, and the data processing is simple and convenient.

The specific contents are as follows: a determination method for sympathetic explosion reaction effect of an explosive is characterized in that a test system utilized by the test method comprises a main explosive dispensing column 1, an explosive dispensed column 2, a witness board 3, a shock wave pressure measurement device 4 and a high-speed photography 5;

the explosives need to meet the requirements of GB 14371 on a first class of substances and comprise an explosive A and an explosive B, the main explosive column 1 is a cylindrical formed explosive column, and a detonator and an explosion-propagating column for initiating are arranged on the upper end face of the main explosive column; the explosive column 2 is a cylindrical shaped explosive column without an initiating device; the witness plate 3 is a steel plate; the number of the shock wave pressure measuring devices 4 is not less than 5, and the shock wave pressure measuring devices are positioned on the normal line of a line connecting line between the main medicine dispensing column 1 and the medicine dispensed column 2;

a method for determining the sympathetic explosion reaction effect of an explosive is specifically carried out according to the following steps:

step 1, placing two main explosive-dispensing columns 1 containing explosives A at the center of a witness board 3, and measuring the distance between the two main explosive-dispensing columns 1;

step 2, installing the shock wave pressure measuring devices 4 on a normal line connecting the two main dispensing columns 1, and measuring the distance between each shock wave pressure measuring device 4 and the middle point of the connecting line of the two main dispensing columns 1;

step 3, mounting the high-speed photography 5 on a normal line connecting the two main explosive columns 1;

step 4, simultaneously detonating the two main explosive dispensing columns 1, recording the shock wave pressure by a shock wave pressure measuring device 4, recording an explosion fireball by a high-speed photography 5, and shooting the state of the witness plate 3;

step 5, replacing a new witness board 3, placing two main explosive sending columns 1 containing explosives B in the center of the witness board 3, wherein the distance between the two main explosive sending columns 1 is the same as that in the step 1, and the distance between a shock wave pressure measuring device 4 and the middle point of the connecting line of the two main explosive sending columns 1 is the same as that in the step 2;

step 6, repeating the step 4;

step 7, replacing a new witness board 3, placing a main explosive sending column 1 containing explosive A and a sent column 2 containing explosive B in the center of the witness board 3, wherein the distance between the main explosive sending column 1 and the sent column 2 is the same as that in the step 1, and the distance between a shock wave pressure measuring device 4 and the middle point of the connecting line of the two main explosive sending columns 1 is the same as that in the step 2;

8, detonating the main explosive column 1, recording the shock wave pressure by a shock wave pressure measuring device 4, recording an explosion fireball by high-speed photography 5, and shooting the deformation state of the evidence plate 3;

step 9, replacing a new witness board 3, placing a main explosive sending column 1 containing explosive B and a sent explosive column 2 containing explosive A at the center of the witness board 3, wherein the distance between the main explosive sending column 1 and the sent explosive column 2 is the same as that in the step 1, and the distance between a shock wave pressure measuring device 4 and the middle point of the connecting line of the two main explosive sending columns 1 is the same as that in the step 2;

step 10, repeating step 8;

step 11, judging whether sympathetic explosion occurs through the witness board, judging whether sympathetic explosion occurs according to the criterion that if the witness board at one side of the drug dispensing column 2 generates perforation, tearing, breakage and other penetrating damage phenomena, judging that sympathetic explosion does not occur; if a sympathetic explosion occurs, the determination of step 12 is performed, otherwise, the determination of step 13 is performed.

Step 12, the sympathetic post-detonation reaction effect of explosive a and explosive B is enhanced if one of the following conditions occurs:

firstly, the area of the fireball shot by high-speed shooting of at least one test in the results of the step 10 and the step 8 is more than 10 percent of that of any fireball in the test results of the step 4 and the step 6;

secondly, the peak pressure of the shock wave of at least one test in the results of the step 10 and the step 8 is more than 10 percent of any peak pressure in the test results of the step 4 and the step 6;

and step 13, judging that the reaction effect after sympathetic explosion of explosive A and explosive B is not enhanced if no sympathetic explosion occurs or the phenomenon listed in step 12 does not occur.

The design idea of the method is that the same amount of explosive is adopted for carrying out a comparison test, the explosive output parameters of the main explosive column prepared from the same explosive and synchronously detonated are used as a reference, the explosive output parameters after the sympathetic explosion test of the two explosives with the same amount of explosive are compared, and if the parameters of the sympathetic explosion test are enhanced, the sympathetic explosion reaction is judged to be enhanced. By the method, the sympathetic explosion enhancement judgment can obtain an intuitive quantitative criterion, and a basis is provided for the sympathetic explosion safety judgment during the mixed storage and transportation of different types of explosives.

The beneficial effects of the application are shown in the following aspects:

(1) the method for judging the sympathetic explosion reaction effect of the explosive is established, whether the sympathetic explosion occurs is simply and directly judged through a witness board, and whether the sympathetic explosion effect is enhanced is judged by comparing the size of a fireball and the peak pressure of a shock wave of a benchmark test and a sympathetic explosion test;

(2) the dose of benchmark test and sympathetic explosion test keeps unanimous, has eliminated the dose effect, and the judgement parameter includes witness plate, fireball and pressure sensor that high-speed photography shot, can comprehensively characterize the strength of sympathetic explosion reaction effect.