阅读说明：本技术 一种采用液氢喷雾冷却的全超导爪极电机 (Full-superconducting claw-pole motor cooled by liquid hydrogen spray ) 是由 宋东彬 姚轩宇 杨文将 王长辉 刘宇 王少鹏 于 2020-12-10 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于电机技术领域,是一种采用液氢喷雾冷却的全超导爪极电机,包括转子结构(100)、定子结构(200)、真空隔热结构(300)、超导电枢绕组(400)、超导励磁绕组(500)、液氢喷雾冷却结构(600)和轴向双通道磁通回路(700)；静置的超导励磁绕组与超导电枢绕组降低了超导冷却难度,轴向双通道磁通回路采用超导电励磁增大了气隙磁密,转子爪极导磁结构适合高转速工作,液氢喷雾冷却充分地发挥了液氢的汽化潜热能力,使得全超导电机冷却结构紧凑,提高了电机的功率密度。(The invention belongs to the technical field of motors, and relates to a full-superconducting claw-pole motor cooled by liquid hydrogen spray, which comprises a rotor structure (100), a stator structure (200), a vacuum heat insulation structure (300), a superconducting armature winding (400), a superconducting excitation winding (500), a liquid hydrogen spray cooling structure (600) and an axial double-channel magnetic flux loop (700); the static superconducting excitation winding and the superconducting armature winding reduce the difficulty of superconducting cooling, the air gap flux density is increased by adopting superconducting excitation in the axial double-channel magnetic flux loop, the rotor claw pole magnetic conduction structure is suitable for working at high rotating speed, and the latent heat of vaporization of liquid hydrogen is fully exerted by liquid hydrogen spray cooling, so that the cooling structure of the full-superconducting motor is compact, and the power density of the motor is improved.)

1. A full-superconducting claw-pole motor cooled by liquid hydrogen spray is characterized by comprising a rotor structure (100), a stator structure (200), a vacuum heat insulation structure (300), a superconducting armature winding (400), a superconducting excitation winding (500), a liquid hydrogen spray cooling structure (600) and an axial double-channel magnetic flux loop (700); the rotor structure (100) is composed of a rotating shaft (110), a left half claw pole (120), a right half claw pole (130) and a magnetic resistance bridge (140), and the magnetic resistance bridge (140) plays a role in blocking magnetic circuit communication and physical connection of the left half claw pole (120) and the right half claw pole (130); the stator structure (200) is composed of a left end cover (210), back iron (220), a right end cover (230) and a closed cylinder (240); the superconducting field winding (500) is mounted on the stator by two independent superconducting field coils; the liquid hydrogen spray cooling structure (600) is composed of a liquid hydrogen transport structure (610) and a gas hydrogen transport structure (620); the axial double-channel magnetic flux loop (700) is formed by a stator structure (200) and two static superconducting magnet exciting coils surrounded by a left half claw pole (120) and a right half claw pole (130) of a rotor structure respectively.

2. A fully superconducting claw-pole machine cooled by liquid hydrogen spray according to claim 1, wherein the axial two-channel flux circuit (700) is two flux circuits surrounding the left and right superconducting field coils, respectively, the left flux circuit: left end cap (210) → back iron (220) → superconducting armature winding (400) → left half claw pole (120) → left end cap (210); right-side magnetic flux circuit: right end cap (230) → right half claw pole (130) → superconducting armature winding (400) → back iron (220) → right end cap (230).

3. The full-superconducting claw-pole motor cooled by liquid hydrogen spray according to claim 1, wherein the liquid hydrogen spray cooling structure (600) is composed of a liquid hydrogen transport structure (610) and a gas hydrogen transport structure (620), and the liquid hydrogen transport structure (610) comprises a liquid hydrogen supply port (611), a liquid hydrogen delivery pipeline (622), a liquid hydrogen buffer chamber (623) and a liquid hydrogen atomizing nozzle (624); the gas hydrogen transport structure (620) comprises a liquid hydrogen vaporization chamber (621), a gas hydrogen gas guide passage (622), a back iron gas hydrogen cooling passage (623), a back iron end cover gas guide passage (624), an end cover gas hydrogen cooling passage (625) and a gas hydrogen recovery port (626).

4. The full-superconducting claw-pole motor cooled by liquid hydrogen spray according to claim 1, wherein the liquid hydrogen spray cooling structure (600) atomizes the liquid hydrogen to form a uniform film on the surface of the superconducting coil, the superconducting coil is cooled by heat exchange by latent heat of vaporization of the liquid hydrogen, and the stator structure (200) is cooled by the vaporized gas hydrogen.

The technical field is as follows:

the invention belongs to the technical field of motors, and particularly relates to a full-superconducting claw-pole motor cooled by liquid hydrogen spray.

Background art:

a multi-electric airplane and a full-electric airplane are the trends of future aviation development, and a motor is the key guarantee for realizing electric flight. The full-superconducting motor has the advantages of high reliability, high power density and high efficiency, and is a preferred scheme for realizing electric aviation.

The rotor superconducting excitation is adopted in most of the traditional full-superconducting motors, the slip ring is adopted for superconducting power supply, the superconductivity is affected by the centrifugal force, the power performance can be attenuated, the performance of the full-superconducting motors is affected, the full-superconducting motors cannot work at a high rotating speed, and the requirement of high-rotating-speed work of the aviation motors cannot be met. In addition, the cooling of the full superconducting motor generally adopts low-temperature immersion cooling or low-temperature conduction cooling, but the auxiliary structure of the immersion cooling and the conduction cooling is too large for the motor, so that the high power density gain effect of the full superconducting motor is greatly reduced.

The invention content is as follows:

in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a full-superconducting claw-pole motor cooled by liquid hydrogen spray, a superconducting excitation winding is fixed on a stator structure, a slip ring power supply structure is avoided by optimizing an electromagnetic topological structure, decoupling of a rotor and excitation and decoupling of rotor rotation and superconducting power supply are realized, and the motor can run at a high rotating speed; meanwhile, the liquid hydrogen spray cooling technology is adopted, so that the auxiliary structure of low-temperature cooling of the full-superconducting motor is simplified, the structure of the motor is more compact, and the power density of the motor is greatly improved.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

a full-superconducting claw-pole motor cooled by liquid hydrogen spray comprises a rotor structure (100), a stator structure (200), a vacuum heat insulation structure (300), a superconducting armature winding (400), a superconducting excitation winding (500), a liquid hydrogen spray cooling structure (600) and an axial double-channel magnetic flux loop (700); the rotor structure (100) is composed of a rotating shaft (110), a left half claw pole (120), a right half claw pole (130) and a magnetic resistance bridge (140), and the magnetic resistance bridge (140) plays a role in blocking magnetic circuit communication and physical connection of the left half claw pole (120) and the right half claw pole (130); the stator structure (200) is composed of a left end cover (210), back iron (220), a right end cover (230) and a closed cylinder (240); the superconducting field winding (500) is mounted on the stator by two independent superconducting field coils; the liquid hydrogen spray cooling structure (600) is composed of a liquid hydrogen transport structure (610) and a gas hydrogen transport structure (620); the axial double-channel magnetic flux loop (700) is formed by a stator structure (200) and two static superconducting magnet exciting coils surrounded by a left half claw pole (120) and a right half claw pole (130) of a rotor structure respectively.

Preferably, the axial two-channel flux circuit (700) is two flux circuits surrounding the left and right two superconducting field coils, respectively, the left flux circuit: left end cap (210) → back iron (220) → superconducting armature winding (400) → left half claw pole (120) → left end cap (210); right-side magnetic flux circuit: right end cap (230) → right half claw pole (130) → superconducting armature winding (400) → back iron (220) → right end cap (230).

Preferably, the liquid hydrogen spray cooling structure (600) is composed of a liquid hydrogen conveying structure (610) and a gas hydrogen conveying structure (620), wherein the liquid hydrogen conveying structure (610) comprises a liquid hydrogen supply port (611), a liquid hydrogen conveying pipeline (622), a liquid hydrogen buffer chamber (623) and a liquid hydrogen atomizing nozzle (624); the gas hydrogen transport structure (620) comprises a liquid hydrogen vaporization chamber (621), a gas hydrogen gas guide passage (622), a back iron gas hydrogen cooling passage (623), a back iron end cover gas guide passage (624), an end cover gas hydrogen cooling passage (625) and a gas hydrogen recovery port (626).

Preferably, the liquid hydrogen spray cooling structure (600) atomizes the liquid hydrogen to form a layer of uniform film on the surface of the superconducting coil, the superconducting coil is subjected to heat exchange and temperature reduction by using latent heat of vaporization of the liquid hydrogen, and the stator structure (200) is cooled again by the vaporized gas hydrogen.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. according to the full-superconducting claw-pole motor cooled by liquid hydrogen spraying, the stator excitation structure decouples the rotor from the superconducting excitation, and the rotor is suitable for high-rotation-speed work and meets the requirement of high rotation speed of an aeronautical motor;

2. according to the full-superconducting claw-pole motor adopting liquid hydrogen spray cooling, the liquid hydrogen spray cooling structure utilizes the motor stator and a small number of conveying pipelines to replace a large accommodating cavity cooled by low-temperature soaking or a huge low-temperature refrigerator cooled by conduction, so that the motor structure is more compact, the volume and the quality are reduced, the power density of the motor is improved, and the full-superconducting claw-pole motor is more suitable for the requirements of aviation motors.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings in the embodiments are briefly described below, and the embodiments of the present invention are used together to explain the present invention, and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a full superconducting claw-pole motor structure cooled by liquid hydrogen spray according to an embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a fully superconducting claw-pole machine structure cooled by liquid hydrogen spray;

FIG. 3 is a claw pole structure diagram of a full-superconducting claw pole motor cooled by liquid hydrogen spray according to an embodiment;

FIG. 4 is a liquid hydrogen transportation structure diagram of a full-superconducting claw-pole motor cooled by liquid hydrogen spray according to an embodiment;

fig. 5 is a sectional view of a full superconducting claw-pole motor stator and rotor structure and a gas hydrogen transportation structure cooled by liquid hydrogen spray according to an embodiment.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

Fig. 1 and fig. 2 are a longitudinal sectional view and a transverse sectional view of a full superconducting claw-pole motor structure cooled by liquid hydrogen spray according to an embodiment, respectively, and include a rotor structure (100), a stator structure (200), a vacuum heat insulation structure (300), a superconducting armature winding (400), a superconducting field winding (500), a liquid hydrogen spray cooling structure (600), and an axial dual-channel magnetic flux loop (700); the rotor structure (100) is composed of a rotating shaft (110), a left half claw pole (120), a right half claw pole (130) and a magnetic resistance bridge (140), and the magnetic resistance bridge (140) plays a role in blocking magnetic circuit communication and physical connection of the left half claw pole (120) and the right half claw pole (130); the stator structure (200) consists of a left end cover (210), a back iron (220), a right end cover (230) and a closed cylinder (240), the closed cylinder (240) seals gas hydrogen in a liquid hydrogen vaporization chamber (621), vaporized gas hydrogen is prevented from impacting a rotor rotating at a high speed, and wind abrasion of a motor is reduced; the superconducting excitation winding (500) is formed by installing two independent superconducting excitation coils on a stator, and a direct current is conducted to provide an excitation field for the work of the motor, so that the superconducting excitation generates larger air gap flux density; the liquid hydrogen spray cooling structure (600) is composed of a liquid hydrogen transport structure (610) and a gas hydrogen transport structure (620); the axial double-channel magnetic flux loop (700) is formed by a stator structure (200) and two static superconducting magnet exciting coils surrounded by a left half claw pole (120) and a right half claw pole (130) of a rotor structure respectively.

Referring to fig. 1, 2, 3 and 5, the axial dual-channel flux loop (700) is two flux loops surrounding the left and right superconducting field coils, respectively, the superconducting field windings are energized with direct current to induce a magnetic field in space, the magnetic field forms a closed loop along a structure with high magnetic permeability, and the left flux loop: left end cap (210) → back iron (220) → superconducting armature winding (400) → left half claw pole (120) → left end cap (210); right-side magnetic flux circuit: right end cap (230) → right half claw pole (130) → superconducting armature winding (400) → back iron (220) → right end cap (230).

Referring to fig. 4 and 5, the liquid hydrogen spray cooling structure (600) is composed of a liquid hydrogen transport structure (610) and a gas hydrogen transport structure (620), wherein the liquid hydrogen transport structure (610) includes a liquid hydrogen supply port (611), a liquid hydrogen delivery pipeline (622), a liquid hydrogen buffer chamber (623) and a liquid hydrogen atomization nozzle (624); the gas hydrogen transport structure (620) comprises a liquid hydrogen vaporization chamber (621), a gas hydrogen gas guide passage (622), a back iron gas hydrogen cooling passage (623), a back iron end cover gas guide passage (624), an end cover gas hydrogen cooling passage (625) and a gas hydrogen recovery port (626).

Liquid hydrogen is atomized by the liquid hydrogen spray cooling structure (600), a layer of uniform film is formed on the surface of the superconducting coil, heat exchange and cooling are carried out on the superconducting coil by using the latent heat of vaporization of the liquid hydrogen, the vaporized gas hydrogen cools the stator structure (200) again, and the structure avoids a structure with a large containing cavity for immersion cooling and heavy refrigerator equipment equipped for conduction cooling, so that the motor is compact in structure, small in size, light in weight and high in power density.

The above embodiments are merely for clearly illustrating the technology and features of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can easily understand and implement the present invention, and do not limit the present invention, and any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.