阅读说明：本技术 棘轮式可正反转钻杆 (Ratchet type drill rod capable of rotating forwards and backwards ) 是由 辛德忠 唐敏 万军 马振纲 吕晋军 陈航 王清峰 刘小华 张始斋 蒲剑 雷万年 于 2020-10-18 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种棘轮式可正反转钻杆,包括杆体、连接于杆体两端的公接头和母接头以及芯轴和滑动套,所述芯轴内套于杆体内并具有轴向向前滑动的驱动力,所述滑动套轴向滑动外套于公接头上并与公接头传动配合,所述滑动套前端与母接头后端具有棘轮式啮合齿,后钻杆公接头与前钻杆母接头螺纹连接时,所述后钻杆内芯轴被驱动力驱动连同滑动套轴向向前滑动,使得后钻杆的滑动套与前钻杆母接头的棘轮式啮合齿啮合并单向锁止；本发明通过相邻钻杆之间的配合关系即可实现上钻自动锁定,可实现正反交替旋转和往复扫孔以增强排渣和解卡卸压,从而避免卡钻、抱钻的发生；少了人工辅助上钻装配的环节,实现机械自动装钻杆,可大大提高钻机的自动化施工效率。(The invention discloses a ratchet type drill rod capable of rotating forwards and reversely, which comprises a rod body, a male joint, a female joint, a mandrel and a sliding sleeve, wherein the male joint and the female joint are connected to two ends of the rod body; according to the invention, automatic locking of drilling can be realized through the matching relationship between adjacent drill rods, and forward and reverse alternate rotation and reciprocating hole sweeping can be realized to enhance slag discharge and unblocking pressure relief, so that the occurrence of drill blocking and drill holding is avoided; the link of manual auxiliary drilling assembly is omitted, mechanical automatic drill rod installation is achieved, and the automatic construction efficiency of the drilling machine can be greatly improved.)

1. A ratchet type drill rod capable of rotating forwards and reversely is characterized in that: comprises a rod body, a male joint connected with two ends of the rod body, a female joint used for being in threaded connection with the male joint, a mandrel and a sliding sleeve, the rod body, the male joint and the female joint are hollow structures to form a fluid channel which is communicated with each other in the axial direction and is communicated with the outside, the mandrel is sleeved in the rod body and has a driving force for sliding forwards in the axial direction, the sliding sleeve is sleeved on the male joint in an axially sealed sliding manner and is in transmission fit with the male joint, the mandrel and the sliding sleeve are arranged in an axial linkage manner, ratchet type meshing teeth which are matched with each other and used for circumferential locking are arranged at the front end of the sliding sleeve and the rear end of the female joint, when the male joint of the rear drill rod is in threaded connection with the female joint of the front drill rod, the rear drill rod inner mandrel is driven by a driving force to slide forwards along with the sliding sleeve in the axial direction, so that the sliding sleeve of the rear drill rod is meshed with the ratchet type meshing teeth of the front drill rod female joint and is locked in a one-way mode.

2. A ratchet-type reversible drill rod according to claim 1, wherein: the male connector is provided with a pair of linkage holes which are radially communicated, linkage blocks radially penetrate through the linkage holes and are connected with the core shaft and the sliding sleeve, and the linkage blocks are arranged in the linkage holes in an axially sliding mode.

3. A ratchet-type reversible drill rod according to claim 1, wherein: and guide holes matched with the excircle of the mandrel are formed in the female joint and the male joint.

4. A ratchet-type reversible drill rod according to claim 3, wherein: an elastic piece is arranged in the female joint and has elastic force for enabling the mandrel to slide forwards in the axial direction.

5. A ratchet-type reversible drill rod according to claim 4, wherein: the female joint is internally threaded with a shaft sleeve, the rear end of the mandrel is a stepped shaft with a large front part and a small rear part, the small-diameter section at the rear end of the mandrel is axially slidably sleeved in the shaft sleeve, the elastic piece is sleeved on the small-diameter section at the rear end of the mandrel, the front end of the elastic piece abuts against the shaft shoulder of the mandrel, and the rear end of the elastic piece abuts against the front end of the shaft sleeve.

6. A ratchet-type reversible drill rod according to claim 1, wherein: the sliding sleeve is in transmission fit with the male connector through a spline.

7. A ratchet-type reversible drill rod according to claim 5, wherein: and the mandrel is provided with a flow guide hole which enables the cavities on two axial sides of the guide hole to be communicated.

8. A ratchet-type reversible drill rod according to claim 6, wherein: the linkage block and the sliding sleeve form axial linkage fit through a pin.

9. A ratchet-type reversible drill rod according to claim 1, wherein: the inner circle of the sliding sleeve and the outer circle of the male connector are sealed through a sealing ring.

10. A ratchet-type reversible drill rod according to claim 1, wherein: the male connector comprises a cylindrical section connected with the rod body and a conical section connected with the cylindrical section, the conical section is a conical external thread connector with the forward external diameter gradually reduced, and a conical internal thread hole matched with the conical section of the male connector is formed in the female connector.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of mining machinery, in particular to a ratchet type drill rod capable of rotating forwards and backwards.

Background

The gas disaster is one of main disasters affecting coal mine safety production, and the current main technical means for controlling the gas disaster is to use a drilling machine to construct gas drainage drill holes. The drill rod is used as a matched tool of the drilling machine and is an important factor directly related to the hole forming quality, the construction efficiency and the drainage effect.

In the current hole-drawing drilling operation, the front drill rod and the rear drill rod are generally connected by conical threads. Thus, during drilling operations, the drill rod can only rotate in the forward direction. Under the influence of complex geological conditions, if the conditions of hole collapse, unsmooth slag discharge and the like occur, accidents such as drill jamming, drill holding and the like are easy to occur. At this time, if the drill rod is tried to be rotated forward and backward to relieve the drill clamping and the drill holding alternately, the drill rod is tripped, and the drill is lost. On the other hand, during the drilling construction process of the soft coal seam and the rock burst drilling, accidents such as drill sticking and the like are easy to happen. From the drilling process angle, the enhanced slag discharging and the releasing of stuck pressure can be realized through the positive and negative alternate rotation and the reciprocating hole sweeping of the drill rod, so that the occurrence of stuck and embracing of the drill is avoided.

In order to solve the problem of drill rod reversal, two major structural forms such as shape coupling and spline pair coupling appear in sequence. The shape connection is mostly in plug-in connection by adopting polyhedral cylindrical surface structures such as a triangular shape, a hexagonal shape and the like so as to transmit positive and negative bidirectional torque, and is positioned by combining a pin to bear the axial load of a drill rod; the spline pair is connected by adopting the matching of an inner spline and an outer spline, the circumferential torque is transmitted, and the axial load is still positioned by adopting pin connection. Although the connection mode can realize forward and backward bidirectional rotation of the drill rod, the loading and unloading process is complicated, the structure is complex, pins need to be manually installed or disassembled when the drill rods are in butt joint, the drilling is difficult to realize in an automatic mode, and the automatic construction efficiency of the drilling machine is seriously reduced.

In view of the above technical problems, there is a need for a ratchet type drill rod capable of rotating forward and backward, which can realize automatic drilling of the drill rod on the basis of forward and backward rotation of the drill rod, and improve the automatic construction efficiency of a drilling machine.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the invention provides a ratchet type drill rod capable of rotating forward and backward, which can realize automatic drilling of the drill rod on the basis of forward and backward rotation of the drill rod, and improve the automatic construction efficiency of a drilling machine.

The invention relates to a ratchet type drill rod capable of rotating forwards and backwards, which comprises a rod body, a male joint connected with two ends of the rod body, a female joint in threaded connection with the male joint, a mandrel and a sliding sleeve, the rod body, the male joint and the female joint are hollow structures to form a fluid channel which is communicated with each other in the axial direction and is communicated with the outside, the mandrel is sleeved in the rod body and has a driving force for sliding forwards in the axial direction, the sliding sleeve is sleeved on the male joint in an axially sealed sliding manner and is in transmission fit with the male joint, the mandrel and the sliding sleeve are arranged in an axial linkage manner, ratchet type meshing teeth which are matched with each other and used for circumferential locking are arranged at the front end of the sliding sleeve and the rear end of the female joint, when the male joint of the rear drill rod is in threaded connection with the female joint of the front drill rod, the rear drill rod inner mandrel is driven by a driving force to slide forwards along with the sliding sleeve in the axial direction, so that the sliding sleeve of the rear drill rod is meshed with the ratchet type meshing teeth of the front drill rod female joint and is locked in a one-way mode.

Furthermore, a pair of linkage holes which are radially communicated are formed in the male connector, linkage blocks radially penetrate through the pair of linkage holes and are connected with the core shaft and the sliding sleeve, and the linkage blocks are arranged in the linkage holes in an axially sliding mode.

Furthermore, the female joint and the male joint are internally provided with guide holes matched with the excircle of the mandrel.

Further, an elastic piece is arranged in the female joint, and the elastic piece has elastic force for enabling the mandrel to slide forwards in the axial direction.

Further, a shaft sleeve is connected with the female joint in an internal thread mode, the rear end of the mandrel is a stepped shaft with a large front end and a small rear end, the small-diameter section of the rear end of the mandrel is axially slidably sleeved in the shaft sleeve, the elastic piece is sleeved on the small-diameter section of the rear end of the mandrel, the front end of the elastic piece abuts against the shaft shoulder of the mandrel, and the rear end of the elastic piece abuts against the front end of the shaft sleeve.

Further, the sliding sleeve is in transmission fit with the male connector through a spline.

Furthermore, a flow guide hole which enables the cavities on the two axial sides of the guide hole to be communicated is formed in the core shaft.

Further, the linkage block and the sliding sleeve form axial linkage fit through a pin.

Furthermore, the inner circle of the sliding sleeve and the outer circle of the male connector are sealed through a sealing ring.

Furthermore, the male connector comprises a cylindrical section connected with the rod body and a conical section connected with the cylindrical section, the conical section is a conical external thread connector with the forward external diameter gradually reduced, and a conical internal thread hole matched with the conical section of the male connector is formed in the female connector.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the invention utilizes the screw thread to transmit the positive torque and bear the axial load, and transmits the reverse torque through the engagement of the ratchet type engaging teeth; in the actual drilling process, when a rear drill rod is added, the rear drill rod and the front drill rod are automatically locked with each other, so that reverse drilling is realized; when the drill pipe is drilled downwards, the special tool extends into the rear drill pipe female joint to pull the mandrel backwards and drive the sliding sleeve of the rear drill pipe to slide backwards, the ratchet type meshing teeth of the front drill pipe female joint and the rear drill pipe sliding sleeve are separated and unlocked, and the rear drill pipe can be rotated reversely to disassemble the drill pipe; the drill rod of the structure is simple in structure and easy to operate and control, automatic locking of the upper drill rod can be achieved through the matching relation between adjacent drill rods, positive and negative alternate rotation and reciprocating hole sweeping can be achieved to enhance slag discharging and releasing, so that the drill rod is prevented from being jammed and clamped, the drill rod can also be unlocked by drilling, the link of manual auxiliary assembly can be reduced, mechanical automatic assembly of the drill rod is achieved, and the automatic construction efficiency of the drilling machine can be greatly improved.

Drawings

The invention is further described below with reference to the figures and examples.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a sliding sleeve structure;

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the sliding sleeve;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a rod, a male connector and a female connector structure;

FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the linkage block;

FIG. 7 is a schematic sectional view A-A of FIG. 5;

FIG. 8 is a schematic axial cross-sectional view of FIG. 5;

FIG. 9 is an enlarged partial schematic view of FIG. 8;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of FIG. 8 in the direction B;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a mandrel configuration;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a bushing structure;

FIG. 13 is a structural schematic diagram of the drill rod I and the drill rod II matched with each other for drilling;

FIG. 14 is a schematic view of a drill rod I and a drill rod II matched with a drill pipe;

Detailed Description

As shown in the figure: the ratchet type drill rod capable of rotating forwards and reversely comprises a rod body 10, male connectors 20 connected to two ends of the rod body, female connectors 30 used for being in threaded connection with the male connectors, a mandrel 40 and a sliding sleeve 50, wherein the threaded connection of the male connectors and the female connectors refers to the fact that the male connector of one drill rod is connected with the female connector of an adjacent drill rod, and the male connectors and the female connectors on the same drill rod are not directly connected with each other; the rod body, the male joint and the female joint are hollow structures to form a fluid channel which is axially communicated with each other and is communicated with the outside, the mandrel is sleeved in the rod body and has a driving force which axially slides forwards, the driving force can be provided by an elastic part or driving equipment, the sliding sleeve is axially sealed and sleeved on the male joint in a sliding mode and is in transmission fit with the male joint, the mandrel and the sliding sleeve are arranged in an axial linkage mode, ratchet type meshing teeth which are matched with each other for circumferential locking are arranged at the front end of the sliding sleeve and the rear end of the female joint, and the sliding sleeve and the female joint are matched with each other, namely the sliding sleeve of one drill rod and the female joint of the adjacent drill rod are matched, and the sliding sleeve and the female joint on the same drill rod do not have direct matching; when the rear drill rod male joint is in threaded connection with the front drill rod female joint, the rear drill rod inner core shaft is driven by a driving force to slide forwards along with the sliding sleeve in the axial direction, so that the sliding sleeve of the rear drill rod is meshed with the ratchet type meshing teeth of the front drill rod female joint and is locked in a one-way mode. The ratchet type engaging teeth of the rear drill rod sliding sleeve and the ratchet type engaging teeth of the front drill rod female joint are in a forward rotation non-locking state in the process of connecting the rear drill rod with the front drill rod through threads, when the rear drill rod male joint is completely connected into the front drill rod female joint, the sliding sleeve of the rear drill rod is driven by a core shaft to slide forward, so that the rear drill rod sliding sleeve is completely engaged with the ratchet type engaging teeth of the front drill rod female joint, and at the moment, the rear drill rod is reversely locked and cannot rotate reversely relative to the front drill rod, so that the reverse rotation is realized, and the tripping is not caused;

the backward direction is the side close to the female joint axially, the forward direction is the side close to the male joint axially, the axial linkage means that the mandrel can drive the sliding sleeve to axially slide when axially sliding, and as shown in the combined drawings of fig. 13 and 14, a drill rod I81 is taken as a front drill rod, and a drill rod II82 connected to the female joint of the drill rod I is taken as a rear drill rod; the sliding sleeve is in transmission fit with the male connector, namely the sliding sleeve can drive the male connector to rotate when rotating, and the sliding sleeve can axially slide relative to the male connector;

referring to fig. 1 and 2, the rod body is a tubular structure and is made of a high-strength wear-resistant seamless steel tube; the male joint and the female joint are axially provided with through flow passages, the male joint and the female joint are welded at two ends of a rod body through friction welding, so that fluid passages which axially penetrate through the drill rods are formed inside the drill rods, the drill rods are mutually connected, so that the fluid passages are sequentially connected to form the flow passages which extend into the drill holes, cutting fluid and deslagging fluid can be injected into the drill holes through the flow passages, the male joint is provided with an external thread section, the female joint is provided with an internal thread hole, the sliding sleeve 50 is of a sleeve type structure, the front end of the sliding sleeve is provided with convex ratchet type meshing teeth 51, the meshing teeth at the rear end of the female joint are concave ratchet type meshing teeth 31, the concave ratchet type meshing teeth 31 are actually ratchet grooves, the two are matched to form a ratchet type one-way locking connection structure, and the ratchet type meshing teeth of the female joint of the front drill rod and the ratchet type meshing teeth of the sliding sleeve of the rear drill rod, bearing reverse torque; in order to ensure reliable connection and separation between the sliding sleeve and the female joint, the width of the concave ratchet type engaging teeth 31 should be properly larger than that of the convex ratchet type engaging teeth 51, in the embodiment, the ratchet directions of the concave ratchet type engaging teeth 31 and the convex ratchet type engaging teeth 51 are arranged clockwise, the back surfaces of the convex ratchet type engaging teeth 51 are provided with chamfers so as to facilitate the mutual embedding and connection of the ratchet teeth, and the thread starting positions of the drill rod male joint and the drill rod female joint should be consistent so as to prevent the tooth embedding from being incapable of locking;

referring to fig. 1, 13 and 14, the front end of the male joint of the second drill rod 82 is internally screwed into the female joint of the first drill rod 81, the sliding sleeve on the second drill rod 82 axially faces the female joint of the first drill rod, the mandrel in the second drill rod is driven by a driving force and drives the sliding sleeve of the second drill rod to axially slide forwards, the ratchet type engaging teeth of the sliding sleeve of the second drill rod and the ratchet type engaging teeth of the female joint of the first drill rod rotate clockwise relatively, when the male joint of the second drill rod 82 is completely internally screwed into the female joint of the first drill rod 81, the ratchet type engaging teeth of the sliding sleeve of the second drill rod are engaged with the ratchet type engaging teeth of the female joint of the first drill rod to lock the first drill rod and the second drill rod, and at the moment, the drill;

the invention utilizes the screw thread to transmit the positive torque and bear the axial load, and transmits the reverse torque through the engagement of the ratchet type engaging teeth; in the actual drilling process, when a rear drill rod is added, the rear drill rod and the front drill rod are automatically locked with each other, so that reverse drilling is realized; when the drill pipe is drilled downwards, the special tool extends into the rear drill pipe female joint to pull the mandrel backwards and drive the sliding sleeve of the rear drill pipe to slide backwards, the ratchet type meshing teeth of the front drill pipe female joint and the rear drill pipe sliding sleeve are separated and unlocked, and the rear drill pipe can be rotated reversely to disassemble the drill pipe; the drill rod of the structure is simple in structure and easy to operate and control, automatic locking of the upper drill rod can be achieved through the matching relation between adjacent drill rods, positive and negative alternate rotation and reciprocating hole sweeping can be achieved to enhance slag discharge and jam release, so that jamming and holding of the drill rod are avoided, the drill rod can also be unlocked by drilling, manual assistance is omitted, the links of assembly disassembly are omitted, mechanical automatic assembly and disassembly of the drill rod are achieved, and the automatic construction efficiency of the drilling machine can be greatly improved.

In this embodiment, the male connector is provided with a pair of radially through-going linkage holes 23, and a linkage block 61 is radially penetrated through the pair of linkage holes, the linkage block is connected with the mandrel and the sliding sleeve, and the linkage block is axially slidably disposed in the linkage holes. Referring to fig. 8, the linkage hole is formed in the cylindrical section 21 of the male connector, the two linkage holes are opposite in radial direction, the linkage hole is of a square through hole structure, the linkage block is of a substantially rectangular structure, two ends of the linkage block are internally sleeved in the linkage hole, the axial dimension of the linkage hole is larger than that of the linkage block, and an axial adjustment gap with a certain distance is reserved between the linkage hole and the linkage block, so that the linkage block can axially slide in the linkage hole; referring to fig. 2, the sliding sleeve is sleeved outside the cylindrical section 21 of the male connector, the linkage block is located in the sliding sleeve, two ends of the linkage block are detachably connected to the inner wall of the sliding sleeve, a rectangular connection square hole 45 is radially formed in the front end of the mandrel, the linkage block penetrates through the connection square hole 45 and is connected with the mandrel into a whole, and the linkage block, the sliding sleeve and the mandrel can be connected in a fixed connection manner or in other known connection manners, which is not specifically described again; through the structure, the sliding sleeve, the linkage block and the mandrel are connected into a whole, the three axially move into a whole, and simultaneously, the three synchronously rotate.

In this embodiment, the female joint and the male joint are internally provided with guide holes matched with the excircle of the mandrel. Referring to fig. 2 and 8, the conical section 22 of the male connector has a stepped hole structure with a small front part and a large rear part, the inner small diameter section of the conical section forms a male stepped hole I221, the large diameter section forms a male stepped hole II222, the inner diameter of the cylindrical section of the male connector is larger than that of the male stepped hole II222, the inner cavity of the cylindrical section of the male connector forms a male stepped hole iii 223, the inner diameter of the rod body is larger than that of the male stepped hole iii 223, the inner cavity at the front end of the conical bore 32 in the female connector has a stepped hole structure with a large front part and a small rear part, wherein the large diameter section forms a female stepped hole I33, and the small diameter section forms a female stepped hole II34, in this embodiment, the female stepped hole II34 and the male stepped hole II222 serve as guide holes for slidably supporting two ends of the mandrel, the mandrel is axially slidably inserted in the guide holes, and when there is no external driving force, the mandrel is driven to slide forward, and the near rear end part is located in the female stepped hole II34, at this time, the front end of the mandrel slides out of the male stepped hole II222, the mandrel forms a support through the female stepped hole II34 and the linkage block 61, when the mandrel is driven to slide axially forwards, the front end of the mandrel slides into the male stepped hole II222, and of course, the front end of the mandrel can also be always positioned in the male stepped hole II222 to form a good guiding effect.

In this embodiment, an elastic member 70 having an elastic force to axially slide the spindle forward is provided in the female connector 30. The elastic part adopts cylindrical helical spring in this embodiment, and the elastic part also can adopt other known elastic structure, and the elastic part pretension is installed at the dabber and is close to rear end position, when preceding drilling rod and back drilling rod are connected, relies on the elastic force effect of elastic part, enables the dabber axial and slides forward and make preceding drilling rod box and the ratchet formula meshing tooth of back drilling rod sliding sleeve mesh to the tooth, and the sliding sleeve between the adjacent drilling rod and the automatic meshing of meshing tooth of box form the locking state this moment.

In this embodiment, the female joint is internally threaded with a shaft sleeve 80, the rear end of the mandrel is a stepped shaft with a large front end and a small rear end, the small-diameter section of the rear end of the mandrel is axially slidably sleeved in the shaft sleeve 80, the elastic member is sleeved on the small-diameter section of the rear end of the mandrel, the front end of the elastic member abuts against the shoulder of the mandrel, and the rear end of the elastic member abuts against the front end of the shaft sleeve 80. Referring to fig. 2, 8, 11 and 12, the shaft sleeve 80 is of a sleeve type structure, a cylindrical external thread 81 is arranged on the outer cylindrical surface of the shaft sleeve, the female stepped hole II34 has an internal thread structure, the shaft sleeve 80 is screwed in the female stepped hole II34 in a thread manner, at this time, the inner cavity of the shaft sleeve 80 is used as a guide hole to be matched with the small-diameter section at the rear end of the mandrel, and a thread relief groove 82 is further arranged on the outer cylindrical surface of the shaft sleeve 80, so that the structure is favorable for installation of the elastic element.

In this embodiment, the sliding sleeve 50 is in spline transmission fit with the male connector. With reference to fig. 2, fig. 3 and fig. 8, the excircle of the cylindrical section 21 of the male joint is a stepped shaft with a small front part and a large rear part, the large diameter section of the cylindrical section is provided with an external spline, the inner cavity of the sliding sleeve is in a stepped hole shape with a small front part and a large rear part, the large diameter section in the inner cavity of the sliding sleeve is provided with an internal spline, the small diameter section in the inner cavity of the sliding sleeve is in axial sliding fit with the small diameter section of the cylindrical section 21, the linkage hole 23 is arranged in the large diameter section of the cylindrical section 21, a certain clearance is reserved in spline pair fit, so that the sliding sleeve can move axially, and the spline pair is used for.

In this embodiment, the core shaft is provided with a flow guide hole for communicating the cavities on the two axial sides of the guide hole. Referring to fig. 2 and 11, a front threaded hole 41 is formed in the front end of the mandrel, a rear threaded hole 42 is formed in the rear end of the mandrel, so that guiding installation and matching are facilitated, when the mandrel 40 is installed, a special tool is installed on the front threaded hole 41 and the rear threaded hole 42, the mandrel 40 is guided to be smoothly installed in the rod body 10, the rear threaded hole 42 is further used for being in threaded fit with the threaded pull rod 83 to pull the mandrel, the front end portion of the mandrel 40 is matched with the male stepped hole II222, and the rear end portion of the mandrel 4 is matched with the inner circle of the shaft sleeve; the inner diameter of the front threaded hole 41 is provided with a front drainage hole 43 which runs through the outer wall of the mandrel, the inner diameter of the rear threaded hole 42 is provided with a rear drainage hole 44 which runs through the outer wall of the mandrel and is used for guiding cutting fluid and slag discharging fluid, wherein the front threaded hole 41 is combined with the front drainage hole 43 to be used as a front guide hole of the mandrel, and the rear threaded hole 42 is combined with the rear drainage hole 44 to be used as a rear guide hole of the mandrel; when drilling construction, the drilling rod rear end lets in cutting fluid and row's sediment liquid, from screw hole 42 behind the dabber, get into the body of rod inside through back wash port 44, flow through preceding drain hole 43 again, through preceding screw hole 41, public first step hole II222, public first step hole I221 flows into the dabber back screw hole 42 that the preceding root drilling rod corresponds, of course, under the prerequisite that dabber length and diameter allowed, can directly run through the straight water conservancy diversion hole in the front and back end at the central axial processing of dabber, the concrete structure in water conservancy diversion hole can be according to the improvement of actual structure looks adaptation, specifically not being repeated.

In this embodiment, the linkage block 61 and the sliding sleeve 50 form an axial linkage fit by the pin 62. The pins 62 are made of high-strength alloy materials and used for connecting the sliding sleeve 50 and the linkage block 61, as shown in fig. 2, fig. 4 and fig. 6, four outer pin holes 52 are formed in the sliding sleeve, the four outer pin holes are divided into two groups and are opposite in the radial direction, two inner pin holes 63 are respectively formed in two ends of the linkage block 61, the positions of the inner pin holes and the positions of the outer pin holes are matched, and the sliding sleeve and the linkage block are connected through the four pins to form axial linkage.

In this embodiment, the inner circle of the sliding sleeve and the outer circle of the male connector are sealed by a sealing ring 64. As shown in the combination of the figure 2 and the figure 8, a sealing ring mounting groove I211 and a sealing ring mounting groove II 212 are arranged on the outer circle of the cylindrical section 21 of the male joint, the two sealing ring mounting grooves are located on the two axial sides of the external spline, sealing rings are mounted in the two sealing grooves and made of rubber materials, and the outer circle of the male joint and the inner circle of the sliding sleeve are sealed through the sealing rings to achieve the waterproof and dustproof effects.

In this embodiment, the male connector includes a cylindrical section 21 connected to the rod body and a conical section 22 connected to the cylindrical section, the conical section 22 is a tapered male connector whose forward outer diameter gradually decreases, and the female connector has a tapered female threaded hole 32 adapted to the conical section of the male connector. The conical section is used for connecting and positioning the front drill rod and the rear drill rod and can bear forward torque and axial load;

as shown in fig. 13 and 14, the automatic drill-up process: the drill rod I81 is clamped by a drilling machine clamp, the drill rod II82 is used as an upper drill rod, and the male joint of the drill rod II82 is screwed into the female joint of the drill rod I81 through the rotary propulsion of the drill rod II82, so that the screwing of the drill rod I81 and the drill rod II82 is completed; the mandrel in the drill rod II82 is pushed by the elastic piece to move forwards together with the sliding sleeve, the sliding sleeve of the drill rod II82 is meshed with the ratchet type meshing teeth of the female joint of the drill rod I81, and the circumferential one-way locking of the drill rod I81 and the drill rod II82 is realized; the drill rods I81 and II82 can bear reverse torque through ratchet type meshing tooth meshing, and can bear forward torque and axial stress through a conical thread structure, so that the automatic drill-up of the drill rods is completed.

The drill unloading process comprises the following steps: the drill rod I81 is clamped by a drilling machine holder, the drill rod II82 is used as a drill unloading drill rod, the drill rod I81 extends into a female joint of the drill rod II82 through a threaded pull rod 83 and is screwed in a rear threaded hole 42 of an inner core shaft of the drill rod II82 in a threaded manner, so that the threaded pull rod 83 is connected with the inner core shaft of the drill rod II82 into a whole, the inner core shaft of the drill rod II82 is pulled backwards through the threaded pull rod 83 by overcoming the elasticity of an elastic piece, at the moment, the female joint of the drill rod I81 is separated from ratchet type meshing teeth of a sliding sleeve of the drill rod II82 for; and then the male joint of the drill rod II82 is reversely rotated to unscrew the female joint of the drill rod I81, so that the drill rod I81 and the drill rod II82 are completely separated, and the drill rod unloading is completed.

Finally, the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all of them should be covered in the claims of the present invention.