阅读说明：本技术 一种用于确定倾斜厚煤层保护层开采卸压范围的方法 (Method for determining mining pressure relief range of protective layer of inclined thick coal seam ) 是由 何江 吴江湖 杨文连 葛庆 邵嗣华 袁弘誉 苗伟东 牛勤平 于 2021-08-05 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种用于确定倾斜厚煤层保护层开采卸压范围的方法,通过收集保护层及被保护层的位置、开采边界、煤层厚度、煤层倾角和煤层间距信息,结合煤层倾角判断煤层的最大有效保护垂距,若被保护层在最大有效保护垂距范围内,计算被保护层顶板巷及底板巷理论相对卸压高差,并在理论相对卸压高差内布置被保护层与保护层的顶板巷及底板巷,在保护层及被保护层的顶板巷与底板巷范围内分别布置多个压力传感器,分别将传感器记录的被保护层和保护层各巷道压力的最大应力分别取平均值确定各巷平均应力峰值,根据平均应力峰值验证被保护层是否达到卸压效果。本发明实现对被保护层与保护层间层位关系的清晰描述以及确定矿井保护层的卸压范围和实际卸压效果的验证。(A method for determining mining pressure relief range of a protective layer of an inclined thick coal seam includes the steps of collecting positions of a protective layer and a protected layer, mining boundaries, coal seam thickness, coal seam inclination angles and coal seam spacing information, judging the maximum effective protection vertical distance of the coal seam by combining the coal seam inclination angles, calculating theoretical relative pressure relief height differences of a top plate roadway and a bottom plate roadway of the protected layer if the protected layer is within the maximum effective protection vertical distance range, arranging the top plate roadway and the bottom plate roadway of the protected layer and the protective layer within the theoretical relative pressure relief height differences, arranging a plurality of pressure sensors within the top plate roadway and the bottom plate roadway of the protective layer and the protected layer respectively, averaging the maximum stresses of the roadway pressures of the protected layer and the protective layer recorded by the sensors respectively to determine average stress peak values, and verifying whether the protected layer achieves pressure relief effect or not according to the average stress peak values. The invention realizes the clear description of the horizon relation between the protected layer and the protective layer and the verification of the pressure relief range and the actual pressure relief effect of the mine protective layer.)

1. A method for determining the mining pressure relief range of a protective layer of an inclined thick coal seam is characterized by comprising the following steps:

1) collecting information of positions of a protective layer and a protected layer, a mining boundary, coal seam thickness, a coal seam inclination angle and a coal seam interval, wherein the protected layer is positioned below the protective layer;

2) according to the information collected in the step 1), the maximum effective protection vertical distance of the coal bed is judged by combining the coal bed inclination angle, and the specific judgment process is as follows:

a. if the inclination angles of the coal seam of the protective layer and the protected layer are both larger than 45 degrees, the maximum effective protective vertical distance of the coal seam is 60 m;

b. if the inclination angles of the coal seam of the protective layer and the protected layer are both less than 45 degrees, the maximum effective protective vertical distance of the coal seam is 50 m;

3) calculating the theoretical relative pressure relief height difference H of the protected layer top plate roadway according to the maximum effective protection vertical distance obtained by judging in the step 2), if the protected layer is within the range of the maximum effective protection vertical distance_{Top roof}And the theoretical relative pressure relief height difference H of the bottom plate lane_BottomAnd arranging a top plate lane of the protected layer and a bottom plate lane of the protected layer within the theoretical relative pressure relief range of the top plate lane of the protected layer, wherein the theoretical relative pressure relief H of the top plate lane of the protected layer_{Top roof}And the theoretical relative pressure relief height difference H of the bottom plate lane_BottomThe calculation formulas of (A) are respectively as follows:

in the formula, alpha₁For the angle of inclination of the coal seam, α₂Is the angle of inclination of the coal seam to be protected, H₁Thickness of coal seam as protective layer H₂Thickness of coal seam to be protected, H_1-2The thickness of the rock stratum between the protective layer and the protected layer; delta₃A pressure relief angle is formed for the protective layer;

4) according to the calculation result of the step 3), arranging a plurality of pressure sensors in the top plate lane and bottom plate lane ranges of the protected layer and the protective layer, respectively averaging the maximum stress of the roadway pressure of the protected layer and the protective layer recorded by the sensors to determine the average stress peak value of each lane, and verifying whether the top plate lane and the bottom plate lane of the protected layer are in the protective range according to the ratio of the average stress peak value of the protected layer and the protective layer, wherein the specific verification process comprises the following steps: when the ratio of the average stress peak value of the protected layer to the average stress peak value of the protective layer is less than 20%, the mining protective layer achieves the pressure relief effect.

2. The method for determining the pressure relief range for mining of the protective layer of the inclined thick coal seam as claimed in claim 1, wherein the burying depth of the pressure sensors is 15m, the distance between the adjacent pressure sensors is 20-40m, and each pressure sensor is arranged perpendicular to the roadway top and the roadway bottom of the protective layer or the protected layer.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a method for determining the mining pressure relief range of a protective layer of an inclined thick coal seam, and belongs to the technical field of coal mining.

Background

The protective layer is a coal seam mined firstly for eliminating or weakening the danger of rock burst of adjacent coal seams, and the mining of the protective layer can enable the stress of the rock mass of the coal seam close to the protected layer to be unloaded to a certain degree, so that the protective layer has important significance for preventing the disaster of the rock burst of the coal mine.

After a protective layer is mined in a coal mine, the roof rock mass of a goaf collapses to cause the transfer of stratum stress to surrounding solid coal rock, and the pressure relief effect appears in upper and lower rock strata of the goaf, so that the stress state and the displacement state of the rock mass in the rock strata change to a large extent, the stress is reduced, the deformation is increased, and the integrity of the coal rock mass is damaged, thereby weakening the geological conditions of rock burst and reducing the possibility and the danger of inducing dynamic disasters such as rock burst and the like.

For an inclined thick coal seam, because the coal seam of the protected layer is thick, the existing method for judging the mining pressure relief range of the protected layer cannot accurately determine the relative pressure relief height difference between the protected layer and the protected layer, cannot objectively obtain the pressure relief range of the protected layer, and cannot verify the actual pressure relief effect.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for determining the mining pressure relief range of a protective layer of an inclined thick coal seam, which can clearly describe the horizon relation between the protective layer and the inclined thick coal seam, accurately determine the pressure relief range of the protective layer and verify the actual pressure relief effect.

In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a method for determining the mining pressure relief range of a protective layer of an inclined thick coal seam, which comprises the following steps:

1) collecting information of positions of a protective layer and a protected layer, a mining boundary, coal seam thickness, a coal seam inclination angle and a coal seam interval, wherein the protected layer is positioned below the protective layer;

2) according to the information collected in the step 1), the maximum effective protection vertical distance of the coal bed is judged by combining the coal bed inclination angle, and the specific judgment process is as follows:

a. if the inclination angles of the coal seam of the protective layer and the protected layer are both larger than 45 degrees, the maximum effective protective vertical distance of the coal seam is 60 m; b. if the inclination angles of the coal seam of the protective layer and the protected layer are both less than 45 degrees, the maximum effective protective vertical distance of the coal seam is 50 m;

3) calculating the theoretical relative pressure relief height difference H of the protected layer top plate roadway according to the maximum effective protection vertical distance obtained by judging in the step 2), if the protected layer is within the range of the maximum effective protection vertical distance_{Top roof}And the theoretical relative pressure relief height difference H of the bottom plate lane_BottomAnd arranging a top plate lane of the protected layer and a bottom plate lane of the protected layer within the theoretical relative pressure relief range of the top plate lane of the protected layer, wherein the theoretical relative pressure relief H of the top plate lane of the protected layer_{Top roof}And the theoretical relative pressure relief height difference H of the bottom plate lane_BottomThe calculation formulas of (A) are respectively as follows:

in the formula, alpha₁For the angle of inclination of the coal seam, α₂Is the angle of inclination of the coal seam to be protected, H₁Thickness of coal seam as protective layer H₂Thickness of coal seam to be protected, H_1-2The thickness of the rock stratum between the protective layer and the protected layer; delta₃A pressure relief angle is formed for the protective layer;

4) according to the calculation result of the step 3), arranging a plurality of pressure sensors in the top plate lane and bottom plate lane ranges of the protected layer and the protective layer, respectively averaging the maximum stress of the roadway pressure of the protected layer and the protective layer recorded by the sensors to determine the average stress peak value of each lane, and verifying whether the top plate lane and the bottom plate lane of the protected layer are in the protective range according to the ratio of the average stress peak value of the protected layer and the protective layer, wherein the specific verification process comprises the following steps: when the ratio of the average stress peak value of the protected layer to the average stress peak value of the protective layer is less than 20%, the mining protective layer achieves the pressure relief effect.

Furthermore, the embedding depth of the pressure sensors is 15m, the distance between every two adjacent pressure sensors is 20-40m, and all the pressure sensors are arranged perpendicular to the protective layer or the top plate lane and the bottom plate lane side of the protective layer.

The method comprises the steps of collecting positions of a protective layer and a protected layer, mining boundaries, coal seam thickness, coal seam inclination angles and coal seam spacing information, judging the maximum effective protection vertical distance of the coal seam by combining the coal seam inclination angles, calculating theoretical relative pressure relief differences of a top plate lane and a bottom plate lane of the protected layer if the protected layer is in the maximum effective protection vertical distance range, arranging the top plate lane and the bottom plate lane of the protected layer and the protective layer within the theoretical relative pressure relief differences, respectively arranging a plurality of pressure sensors within the ranges of the top plate lane and the bottom plate lane of the protective layer and the protected layer, respectively averaging the maximum stresses of the roadway pressure of the protected layer and the protective layer recorded by the sensors to determine the average stress peak value of each lane, and verifying whether the protected layer achieves the pressure relief effect or not according to the average stress peak value. The invention realizes clear description of the position relation between the protected layer and the protective layer by calculating the relative height difference between the protected layer and the protective layer, verifies whether the protected layer achieves the pressure relief effect or not by the average stress peak value, and realizes the verification of accurately determining the pressure relief range and the actual pressure relief effect of the mine protective layer.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a sloping thick coal seam according to the present invention.

In the figure: 1. protective layer, 2, protected layer, 3, roof roadway theoretical relative relief height difference H_{Top roof}4, theoretical relative pressure relief height difference H of bottom plate lane_Bottom5, a protective layer coal seam inclination angle, 6, a protected layer coal seam inclination angle, 7, the protective layer coal seam thickness, 8, the protected layer coal seam thickness, 9, the rock stratum thickness between the protective layer and the protected layer, 10 and a protective layer pressure relief angle.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the method for determining the mining pressure relief range of the inclined thick coal seam protective layer comprises the following steps:

1) collecting information of positions of a protective layer 1 and a protected layer 2, mining boundaries, coal seam thickness, coal seam dip angles and coal seam intervals, wherein the protected layer 2 is positioned below the protective layer 1, and the protected layer 2 is parallel to the protective layer 1;

2) according to the information collected in the step 1), the maximum effective protection vertical distance of the coal bed is judged by combining the coal bed inclination angle, and the specific judgment process is as follows:

a. if the inclination angles of the coal seam of the protective layer 1 and the protected layer 2 are more than 45 degrees, the maximum effective protective vertical distance of the coal seam is 60 m;

b. if the inclination angles of the coal seam of the protective layer 1 and the protected layer 2 are less than 45 degrees, the maximum effective protective vertical distance of the coal seam is 50 m;

3) calculating theoretical relative relief height difference H of a top plate roadway of the protected layer 2 according to the maximum effective protection vertical distance judged in the step 2), if the protected layer is within the range of the maximum effective protection vertical distance_{Top roof}3 and the theoretical relative pressure relief height difference H of the bottom plate lane_Bottom4, arranging a top plate lane of the protected layer and a bottom plate lane of the protected layer within the theoretical relative pressure relief range of the top plate lane of the protected layer, wherein the theoretical relative pressure relief range of the top plate lane of the protected layerH_{Top roof}3 and the theoretical relative pressure relief height difference H of the bottom plate lane_BottomThe calculation formula of 4 is as follows:

in the formula, alpha₁For the protective layer coal seam dip angle 5, alpha₂The dip angle of the coal seam to be protected is 6, H₁Thickness of coal seam as protective layer 7, H₂Thickness of coal seam to be protected is 8, H_1-2The thickness 9 of the rock formation between the protective layer and the protected layer; delta₃A protective layer pressure relief angle 10;

4) according to the calculation result of the step 3), arranging a plurality of pressure sensors in the top plate lane and bottom plate lane ranges of the protected layer and the protective layer, respectively averaging the maximum stress of the tunnel pressures of the protected layer 2 and the protective layer 1 recorded by the sensors to determine the average stress peak value of each lane, and verifying whether the top plate lane and the bottom plate lane of the protected layer are in the protective range according to the ratio of the average stress peak values of the protected layer 2 and the protective layer 1, wherein the specific verification process comprises the following steps: when the ratio of the average stress peak value of the protected layer 2 to the protective layer 1 is less than 20%, the mining protective layer achieves the pressure relief effect.

Preferably, the embedding depth of the pressure sensors is 15m, the distance between adjacent pressure sensors is 20-40m, and each pressure sensor is arranged perpendicular to the top plate lane and the bottom plate lane of the protective layer 1 or the protected layer 2 where the pressure sensor is located.