阅读说明：本技术 矿坑边坡修复回填方法 (Pit slope repairing and backfilling method ) 是由 徐永章 许飞龙 陈椿强 范誉委 吴登亮 于 2021-08-10 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种矿坑边坡修复回填方法,包括在矿坑逐层构建：固废层、喷砼层、营养基质层,喷砼层形成于固废层的表层,营养基质层形成于所述喷砼层的表层,喷砼层的厚度不大于20cm,并且在喷砼层上形成有贯通该层的中空柱桩,中空柱桩在喷砼层上表面具有5-10cm的突出部且所述中空柱桩连通到固废层,固体废弃物包括废气混凝土、废气矿渣、炉渣中的一种或多种。本方案实施简单,有效克服了固体废弃物的再填埋利用,并克服了传统修复工艺中喷砼返碱的问题,在保持修复区域地下水位的同时,又增强了地下水的流通,避免发生积水。(The invention discloses a pit slope repairing and backfilling method, which comprises the following steps of constructing a pit layer by layer: the concrete spraying device comprises a solid waste layer, a concrete spraying layer and a nutrition matrix layer, wherein the concrete spraying layer is formed on the surface layer of the solid waste layer, the nutrition matrix layer is formed on the surface layer of the concrete spraying layer, the thickness of the concrete spraying layer is not more than 20cm, a hollow column pile penetrating through the concrete spraying layer is formed on the concrete spraying layer, the upper surface of the hollow column pile is provided with a 5-10cm protruding part, the hollow column pile is communicated with the solid waste layer, and the solid waste comprises one or more of waste gas concrete, waste gas slag and furnace slag. The scheme is simple to implement, effectively overcomes the problems of solid waste landfill and alkali return by spraying concrete in the traditional repair process, maintains the groundwater level of the repair area, enhances the circulation of groundwater and avoids water accumulation.)

1. A pit slope restoration backfilling method comprises the following steps of: spout concrete layer, nutrition matrix layer, its characterized in that still includes and packs solid waste at the pit bottom and form solid useless layer, spout the concrete layer and form in the top layer of solid useless layer, nutrition matrix layer forms in spout the top layer of concrete layer, the thickness of spouting the concrete layer is not more than 20cm to be formed with the cavity stake that link up this layer on spouting the concrete layer, cavity stake has 5-10 cm's protruding portion and cavity stake intercommunication solid useless layer on spouting the concrete layer upper surface, solid waste includes one or more in exhaust gas concrete, waste gas slay, the slag.

2. The method for repairing and backfilling a mine pit slope according to claim 1, wherein the distance between two adjacent hollow column piles on the concrete spraying layer is 10-20 m.

3. The pit slope repairing backfill method according to the claim 2, characterized in that the hollow column pile is a trimmed abandoned prefabricated telegraph pole or a prefabricated concrete pipe pile or a cast-in-place concrete column pile.

4. The pit slope restoration backfilling method according to claim 3, wherein the abandoned prefabricated utility pole is trimmed to penetrate the prefabricated utility pole along its axis to form a through hole, and the diameter of the through hole in a cross section perpendicular to its axis is not less than half of the outer diameter of the prefabricated utility pole in the cross section.

5. The pit slope restoration backfilling method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the hollow part of the hollow pile is also completely filled with aluminum slag.

6. The pit slope restoration and backfilling method according to claim 5, wherein the aluminum slag filled in the hollow column pile is massive slag with the size of 2-5 cm.

7. The pit slope restoration and backfilling method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the outer diameter of the hollow pile is 10-40 cm.

8. The method for repairing and backfilling a mine pit slope according to claim 1, wherein the filling thickness of the nutrition matrix layer on the surface layer of the concrete-sprayed layer is not less than 40 cm.

9. The pit slope restoration and backfilling method according to claim 8, wherein the nutrient matrix layer further comprises 3-5% by volume of coal cinder.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the repair and maintenance of mine pits, in particular to a pit slope repair and backfill method.

Background

The development and utilization of mineral resources such as coal and the like promote economic and social development and bring a series of ecological environment disasters. The method is characterized in that mine pits and the like left after the mining are finished can greatly influence the surface ecology and safety, the soil in a dumping field formed by stacking a large amount of stripped objects generated in the mining process is barren, in addition, the heavy truck rolls the soil in the dumping process to seriously compact the surface of the soil, so that the root pricking of plants is difficult, a large amount of surface runoff is formed under the rainfall condition, sedimentation cracks are generated due to the non-uniform sedimentation of the dumping field, the runoff is gathered and drilled into the cracks after rainfall, the infiltration is concentrated, the infiltration is exposed from the lower side slopes, and the collapse, the landslide and the slope debris flow are induced, and even the whole tatter is sunk. These all have a great influence on the production and life of the peripheral area.

For surface or underground leaving caused by production operation such as a mine pit, a landfill restoration scheme is generally adopted to restore the surface or underground leaving. Measures such as the isolation layer of isolated nature is additionally set up through underground in traditional restoration scheme, avoids returning the influence of alkali, but isolation layer self is exactly a pollutant in this kind of scheme to the setting of this kind of isolation layer still can cut off the circulation of groundwater to a certain extent, easily forms local ponding in the regional restoration, thereby influences the planting growth after the restoration.

The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a pit slope repairing and backfilling method which can effectively overcome the problems of re-burying and utilization of solid wastes, concrete spraying and alkali return in the traditional repairing process, and can enhance the circulation of underground water and avoid water accumulation while maintaining the underground water level of a repairing area.

In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a pit slope repairing backfill method, including a pit layer-by-layer construction: the concrete spraying layer is formed on the surface layer of the solid waste layer, the nutrition matrix layer is formed on the surface layer of the concrete spraying layer, the thickness of the concrete spraying layer is not more than 20cm, a hollow column pile penetrating through the layer is formed on the concrete spraying layer, the upper surface of the hollow column pile on the concrete spraying layer is provided with a 5-10cm protruding part, the hollow column pile is communicated with the solid waste layer, and the solid waste comprises one or more of waste gas concrete, waste gas slag and furnace slag.

In one or more embodiments of the invention, the distance between two adjacent hollow piles on the concrete spraying layer is 10-20 m.

In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the hollow pile is a trimmed abandoned prefabricated utility pole or a prefabricated concrete pipe pile or a cast-in-place concrete pile.

In one or more embodiments of the invention, the discarded prefabricated utility pole is trimmed to penetrate the prefabricated utility pole along its axis to form a through-hole, and the diameter of the through-hole in a cross-section of the prefabricated utility pole perpendicular to the axis is not less than one-half of the outer diameter of the prefabricated utility pole in the cross-section.

In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the hollow portion of the hollow pile is also completely filled with aluminum slag. The complete filling means that the hollow column pile is compacted after the filling is finished and the collapse depth is not more than 2cm after the hollow column pile is stood for 7 days, so that the filled hollow column pile can not cause local collapse or loss of a filled part in long-term use, and the circulation of underground water can not be limited due to filling transition.

In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the aluminum slag filled in the hollow column pile is massive slag having a size of 2-5 cm.

In one or more embodiments of the invention, the hollow stub has an outer diameter of 10 to 40 cm.

In one or more embodiments of the invention, the filling thickness of the nutrition matrix layer on the surface layer of the concrete spraying layer is not less than 40 cm.

In one or more embodiments of the invention, the nutrient matrix layer further comprises 3-5% by volume of coal slag.

Compared with the prior art, according to the pit slope restoration and backfilling method provided by the embodiment of the invention, through reasonably designing the backfilling restoration process and the backfilling structure form, the solid wastes including the slag of waste concrete, slag, steel slag nickel slag and the like can be fully recycled in the pit, the ground accumulation is effectively avoided, the consumption of concrete and the like is reduced, and the consumption of resources, energy and the like in backfilling restoration operation is reduced. And the hollow column piles can be used for conditioning and repairing the underground water level of the area, and meanwhile, alkaline substances precipitated by concrete after long-term soaking can be adjusted through circulation with underground water of the lower-layer area, solid waste leachate and an aluminum frame filled in the hollow part of the hollow column piles, so that the acidity and alkalinity of soil in the repairing area can be effectively added. Therefore, the arrangement of an isolation layer made of high polymer materials is not needed, and the high polymer materials form long-term pollution underground.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the invention is provided, but it should be understood that the scope of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.

Throughout the specification and claims, unless explicitly stated otherwise, the word "comprise", or variations such as "comprises" or "comprising", will be understood to imply the inclusion of a stated element or component but not the exclusion of any other element or component.

Example 1

The method for repairing and backfilling the slope of the mine pit comprises the following steps of: the concrete spraying layer is formed on the surface layer of the solid waste layer, the nutrient substrate layer is formed on the surface layer of the concrete spraying layer, the thickness of the concrete spraying layer is 20cm, concrete prefabricated hollow column piles with the outer diameter of 10cm and the inner diameter of 8cm and penetrating through the concrete spraying layer are formed on the concrete spraying layer, the hollow parts of the hollow column piles are completely filled with blocky aluminum slag with the size of 2-3cm, the upper surface of the hollow column piles is provided with a 10cm protruding part, the hollow column piles are communicated with the solid waste layer, and the distance between two adjacent hollow column piles on the concrete spraying layer is 10 m.

In the embodiment, the application is carried out in an open coal mine pit in a place in Shanxi, after the restoration, trees such as pine trees, fir trees, willow trees and the like are planted on the ground in spring, and grass is planted under the forest. Soil pH was monitored by sampling 20cm underground 2 years after remediation was completed at a frequency of 2 times a month, and pH check sampling was performed on days 1 and 15 each month, respectively, labeled pH1 (corresponding to soil sample pH on day 1 of the month) and pH2 (corresponding to soil sample pH on day 15 of the month). The survival rate of green plants in one year is about 95 percent, the survival rate of green plants in two years is about 93 percent, and meanwhile, the growth situation is good, no malnutrition exists, and the growth state is normal.

	Moon cake	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12
														pH1	1 year	-	-	*	*	+	-	**	-	-	-	-	-
pH2	1 year	-	-	-	+	+	-	+	*	+	-	-	-
														pH1	2 years old	-	-	-	*	-	-	*	-	++	-	-	-
pH2	2 years old	-	-	-	*	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-

Wherein "-" indicates that the pH value is stable compared with the last detection, "-" indicates that the pH value slightly rises compared with the last detection, "+" indicates that the pH value slightly falls compared with the last detection, and "+" indicates that the pH value slightly falls compared with the last detection, wherein "-" and "+" indicate that the change degree is slightly larger than that indicated by "-" and "+", the former indicates that the fluctuation amplitude is within 0.5, and the latter indicates that the fluctuation amplitude is within 0.2, and the same is applied below.

The results show that the scheme has good repairing state on the mine pit in the implementation process, and although the pH value of the soil is influenced by seasonal climate such as storm, drought and the like during detection to influence the underground water level, the overall fluctuation is small, and the growth of trees, grass and other green plants is not influenced.

Example 2

The method for repairing and backfilling the slope of the mine pit comprises the following steps of: the concrete spraying layer is formed on the surface layer of the solid waste layer, the nutrient matrix layer is formed on the surface layer of the concrete spraying layer, the thickness of the concrete spraying layer is 10cm, concrete hollow column piles with the outer diameter of 35cm and the inner diameter of 28cm and penetrating through the concrete spraying layer are formed on the concrete spraying layer, the hollow parts of the hollow column piles are completely filled with blocky aluminum ore residues with the size of 3-5cm, the upper surfaces of the hollow column piles are provided with 7cm protruding parts, the hollow column piles are communicated with the solid waste layer, and the distance between two adjacent hollow column piles on the concrete spraying layer is 20 m.

In the embodiment, the application is carried out in an open coal mine pit in a place in Shanxi, after the restoration, trees such as pine trees, fir trees, willow trees and the like are planted on the ground in spring, and grass is planted under the forest. Soil pH was monitored by sampling 20cm underground 2 years after remediation was completed at a frequency of 2 times a month, and pH check sampling was performed on days 1 and 15 each month, respectively, labeled pH1 (corresponding to soil sample pH on day 1 of the month) and pH2 (corresponding to soil sample pH on day 15 of the month). The survival rate of green plants in one year is about 95 percent, the survival rate of green plants in two years is about 95 percent, and meanwhile, the growth situation is good, no malnutrition exists, and the growth state is normal.

	Moon cake	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12
														pH1	1 year	-	-	*	-	+	-	*	-	-	-	-	-
pH2	1 year	-	-	*	+	-	-	+	*	+	-	-	-
														pH1	2 years old	-	-	-	+	-	-	**	+	-	-	-	-
pH2	2 years old	-	-	-	*	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-

The results show that the scheme has good repairing state on the mine pit in the implementation process, and although the pH value of the soil is influenced by seasonal climate such as storm, drought and the like during detection to influence the underground water level, the overall fluctuation is small, and the growth of trees, grass and other green plants is not influenced.

Example 3

The method for repairing and backfilling the slope of the mine pit comprises the following steps of: the concrete spraying layer is formed on the surface layer of the solid waste layer, the nutrient matrix layer is formed on the surface layer of the concrete spraying layer, the thickness of the concrete spraying layer is 15cm, cast-in-place concrete hollow column piles with the outer diameter of 20cm and the inner diameter of 15cm and penetrating through the concrete spraying layer are formed on the concrete spraying layer, the hollow parts of the hollow column piles are completely filled with blocky aluminum slag with the size of 2-3cm, the upper surface of the concrete spraying layer of the hollow column piles is provided with a 6cm protruding part, the hollow column piles are communicated with the solid waste layer, and the distance between two adjacent hollow column piles on the concrete spraying layer is 15 m.

In the embodiment, the application is carried out in an open coal mine pit in a place in Shanxi, after the restoration, trees such as pine trees, fir trees, willow trees and the like are planted on the ground in spring, and grass is planted under the forest. Soil pH was monitored by sampling 20cm underground 2 years after remediation was completed at a frequency of 2 times a month, and pH check sampling was performed on days 1 and 15 each month, respectively, labeled pH1 (corresponding to soil sample pH on day 1 of the month) and pH2 (corresponding to soil sample pH on day 15 of the month). The survival rate of green plants in one year is about 96 percent, the survival rate of green plants in two years is about 94 percent, and meanwhile, the growth situation is good, no malnutrition exists, and the growth state is normal.

	Moon cake	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12
														pH1	1 year	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
pH2	1 year	-	-	-	+	*	-	+	*	+	-	-	-
														pH1	2 years old	-	-	+	+	-	-	**	+	++	-	-	-
pH2	2 years old	-	-	-	*	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-

The results show that the scheme has good repairing state on the mine pit in the implementation process, and although the pH value of the soil is influenced by seasonal climate such as storm, drought and the like during detection to influence the underground water level, the overall fluctuation is small, and the growth of trees, grass and other green plants is not influenced.

Example 4

The method for repairing and backfilling the slope of the mine pit comprises the following steps of: burying solid waste layer formed by waste gas concrete, waste gas slag, furnace slag, etc., concrete spraying layer, nutrient matrix layer with filling thickness of 70cm, adding cinder accounting for 4% of total integral in the nutrient matrix layer, the concrete spraying layer is formed on the surface layer of the solid waste layer, the nutrient matrix layer is formed on the surface layer of the concrete spraying layer, the thickness of the concrete spraying layer is 8cm, and a waste prefabricated telegraph pole with the average inner diameter of 25cm and the outer diameter of 30cm penetrating through the layer is formed on the concrete spraying layer, the hollow part of the waste prefabricated telegraph pole is completely filled with blocky aluminum slag with the size of 4-5cm, the upper surface of the concrete spraying layer of the waste prefabricated telegraph pole is provided with a protrusion part with the length of 8cm, the hollow column pile is communicated with the solid waste layer, and the distance between every two adjacent waste prefabricated telegraph poles on the concrete spraying layer is 18 m.

In the embodiment, the open-air rare earth pit in a certain place in Sichuan is subjected to application implementation, trees such as pine trees, fir trees, willow trees and the like are planted on the surface of the repaired place in spring after the repair, and grass is planted under the forest. Soil pH was monitored by sampling 20cm underground 2 years after remediation was completed at a frequency of 2 times a month, and pH check sampling was performed on days 1 and 15 each month, respectively, labeled pH1 (corresponding to soil sample pH on day 1 of the month) and pH2 (corresponding to soil sample pH on day 15 of the month). The survival rate of green plants in one year is about 98 percent, the survival rate of green plants in two years is about 95 percent, and meanwhile, the growth situation is good, no malnutrition exists, and the growth state is normal.

	Moon cake	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12
														pH1	1 year	-	-	+	**	+	-	**	-	+	-	-	-
pH2	1 year	-	-	-	+	+	-	+	*	+	-	-	-
														pH1	2 years old	-	-	-	+	*	-	++	-	+	-	-	-
pH2	2 years old	-	-	-	*	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-

The results show that the scheme has good repairing state on the mine pit in the implementation process, and although the pH value of the soil is influenced by seasonal climate such as storm, drought and the like during detection to influence the underground water level, the overall fluctuation is small, and the growth of trees, grass and other green plants is not influenced.

Example 5

The method for repairing and backfilling the slope of the mine pit comprises the following steps of: the concrete spraying layer is formed on the surface layer of the solid waste layer, the nutrient matrix layer is formed on the surface layer of the concrete spraying layer, the thickness of the concrete spraying layer is 12cm, concrete cast-in-situ hollow column piles which are communicated with the concrete spraying layer and have the outer diameter of 40cm and the inner diameter of 30cm are formed on the concrete spraying layer, the hollow parts of the hollow column piles are completely filled with blocky aluminum slag with the size of 3-5cm, the upper surfaces of the hollow column piles are provided with 5cm protruding parts, the hollow column piles are communicated with the solid waste layer, and the distance between two adjacent hollow column piles on the concrete spraying layer is 13 m.

In the embodiment, the application is carried out in an open coal mine pit in a place in Shanxi, after the restoration, trees such as pine trees, fir trees, willow trees and the like are planted on the ground in spring, and grass is planted under the forest. Soil pH was monitored by sampling 20cm underground 2 years after remediation was completed at a frequency of 2 times a month, and pH check sampling was performed on days 1 and 15 each month, respectively, labeled pH1 (corresponding to soil sample pH on day 1 of the month) and pH2 (corresponding to soil sample pH on day 15 of the month). The survival rate of green plants in one year is about 96 percent, the survival rate of green plants in two years is about 94 percent, and meanwhile, the growth situation is good, no malnutrition exists, and the growth state is normal.

	Moon cake	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12
														pH1	1 year	-	-	*	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
pH2	1 year	-	-	+	**	+	-	+	*	+	-	-	-
														pH1	2 years old	-	-	-	*	-	-	*	-	*	-	-	-
pH2	2 years old	-	-	-	-	+	-	+	-	-	-	-	-

The results show that the scheme has good repairing state on the mine pit in the implementation process, and although the pH value of the soil is influenced by seasonal climate such as storm, drought and the like during detection to influence the underground water level, the overall fluctuation is small, and the growth of trees, grass and other green plants is not influenced.

Comparative example 1

The comparative example is different from example 1 only in that the concrete spraying layer is formed by directly pouring mortar without arranging a hollow column pile, and 2 layers of asphalt felts are laid on the surface of the concrete spraying layer.

The comparative example is applied to open coal pits in certain places in Shanxi, and after restoration, trees such as pine trees, fir trees, willow trees and the like are planted on the ground in spring, and grass is planted under the forest. Soil pH was monitored by sampling 20cm underground 2 years after remediation at a frequency of 2 times a month, and pH test sampling was performed on days 1 and 15 each month, respectively, labeled as pH1 (corresponding to soil sample pH on day 1 of the month) and pH2 (corresponding to soil sample pH on day 15 of the month), with overall pH levels lower than the control of example 1. The green plant survival rate is about 95 percent in one year, the two-year survival rate is about 85 percent, the 3-year survival rate is about 60 percent, the growth situation is general, yellow leaves exist in a part of the area, the yellow leaves are probably related to the pollution of asphalt felt, the asphalt component is detected in the soil when the soil is sampled after 1 year, and the detection amount of the asphalt component is obviously increased after two years.

	Moon cake	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12
														pH1	1 year	-	-	+	*	++	+	*	-	-	-	-	-
pH2	1 year	-	-	-	+	+	-	+	*	+	-	-	-
														pH1	2 years old	-	-	-	+	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-
pH2	2 years old	-	-	-	-	-	++	+	-	-	-	-	-

The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain certain principles of the invention and its practical application to enable one skilled in the art to make and use various exemplary embodiments of the invention and various alternatives and modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the claims and their equivalents.