阅读说明：本技术 一种新型生物质有机朗肯循环系统及其系统蒸发温度优化方法 (Novel biomass organic Rankine cycle system and evaporation temperature optimization method thereof ) 是由 纪捷 张佳钰 秦泾鑫 朱跃伍 王夫诚 于 2021-06-16 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及能源与环境技术领域,公开了一种新型生物质有机朗肯循环系统及其系统蒸发温度优化方法,包括有机朗肯循环发电系统和烟气余热回收系统；有机朗肯循环发电系统包括生物质锅炉、蒸发器、膨胀机、发电机、冷凝器、储液器、工质泵以及风力发电机组；烟气余热回收系统包括第一级烟气回收组件、吸收式热泵、第二级烟气回收组件和热网回水。与现有技术相比,本发明风能和生物质能混合利用来实现有机朗肯循环系统中发电的环节,换热器—吸收泵用来实现烟气余热回收的环节,改进正弦余弦算法实现优化有机朗肯循环系统中蒸发器蒸发温度,提高了能源利用率和发电效率,同时能够降低系统运行成本。(The invention relates to the technical field of energy and environment, and discloses a novel biomass organic Rankine cycle system and a system evaporation temperature optimization method thereof, wherein the novel biomass organic Rankine cycle system comprises an organic Rankine cycle power generation system and a flue gas waste heat recovery system; the organic Rankine cycle power generation system comprises a biomass boiler, an evaporator, an expander, a generator, a condenser, a liquid storage device, a working medium pump and a wind generating set; the flue gas waste heat recovery system comprises a first-stage flue gas recovery component, an absorption heat pump, a second-stage flue gas recovery component and heat supply network backwater. Compared with the prior art, the invention realizes the link of power generation in the organic Rankine cycle system by mixing and utilizing the wind energy and the biomass energy, realizes the link of flue gas waste heat recovery by the heat exchanger-absorption pump, improves the sine and cosine algorithm to realize the optimization of the evaporation temperature of the evaporator in the organic Rankine cycle system, improves the energy utilization rate and the power generation efficiency, and simultaneously can reduce the system operation cost.)

1. A novel biomass organic Rankine cycle system is characterized by comprising an organic Rankine cycle power generation system and a flue gas waste heat recovery system;

the organic Rankine cycle power generation system comprises a biomass boiler (1), an evaporator (2), an expansion machine (3), a power generator (6), a condenser (7), a liquid storage device (8), a working medium pump (9) and a wind generating set, wherein the biomass boiler (1) is connected with the evaporator (2), the expansion machine (3) and the power generator (6) are sequentially connected, the wind generating set is connected with the power generator (6), the expansion machine (3) is connected with the condenser (7), the liquid storage device (8) and the working medium pump (9) are sequentially connected, and the working medium pump (9) is connected with the evaporator (2) through a pipeline;

the flue gas waste heat recovery system comprises a first-stage flue gas recovery assembly, an absorption heat pump (11), a second-stage flue gas recovery assembly and heat supply network backwater (13), the biomass boiler (1) is further connected with the first-stage flue gas recovery assembly, the absorption heat pump (11), the second-stage flue gas recovery assembly and the heat supply network backwater (13) are sequentially connected, and the output end of the heat supply network backwater (13) is further connected with the input end of the absorption heat pump (11).

2. The novel biomass organic Rankine cycle system according to claim 1, wherein the wind turbine generator set comprises a wind wheel (4) and a gearbox (5), wherein the output end of the wind wheel (4) is connected with the gearbox (5), and the output end of the gearbox (5) is connected with the generator (6).

3. The novel biomass organic Rankine cycle system according to claim 1, wherein the first-stage flue gas recovery assembly and the second-stage flue gas recovery assembly are both water heat exchangers.

4. The method for optimizing the system evaporation temperature of the novel biomass organic Rankine cycle system is characterized in that a control system is arranged on the evaporator (2), and a method for optimizing the system evaporation temperature is arranged in the control system, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:

step 1: randomly initializing the population number to be S, the random position to be X, the maximum iteration number to be N, and inputting an evaporation temperature parameter of an evaporator;

step 2: calculating the fitness value of each individual, updating the optimal position, and enabling the iteration time T to be 1;

and step 3: entering a main loop, and updating an adjustment factor M and a self-adaptive weight W;

and 4, step 4: randomly generating a numerical value R, wherein the value range of R is [0,1], if R is less than the cross probability P, entering the step 5, otherwise, entering the step 6;

the cross probability P is given by the relation:

and 5: when R is smaller than P, judging whether the fitness value F of the individual is smaller than the average value F (x) of the fitness values of all the individuals, if F is smaller than F (x), entering random cross operation, otherwise entering regular cross operation to update the optimal individual position,

step 6: randomly generating pre-judging mutation probability P_osValue range [0, N ]]Judging the mutation probability P_oWhether or not less than the pre-determined mutation probability P_osIf P is_oLess than P_osIf yes, performing mutation operation, otherwise, entering step 7;

the variation probability relation is:

and 7: forming a next generation population and updating the optimal position;

and 8: and (4) judging whether the maximum iteration number N is reached, if not, returning to the step (3), otherwise, outputting an optimal solution, namely the optimal evaporation temperature.

5. The method for optimizing the system evaporation temperature of the novel biomass organic Rankine cycle system according to claim 4, wherein the adjustment factor M and the adaptive weight W in the step 3 are respectively as follows:

wherein a is a control parameter, and the value range of a is [0,1 ].

6. The method for optimizing the system evaporation temperature of the novel biomass organic Rankine cycle system according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the relations between the random cross operation and the regular cross operation in the step 5 are respectively as follows:

the random cross relationship is:

the regular cross relation is:

ε＝f_m/(f_n+f_m)

wherein the content of the first and second substances,is an individual in the population of the human,as another individual at random, f_nIs composed ofFitness value of the individual, f_mIs composed ofThe fitness value of an individual is mu is a random number and the value range is [0, 1%]And epsilon is a proportionality coefficient.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of energy and environment, in particular to a novel biomass organic Rankine cycle system and a system evaporation temperature optimization method thereof.

Background

In contemporary society, with the continuous development of science and technology, the energy consumption of the country is large, leading to the increasing shortage of energy and the situation of environmental pollution is also increasing. Therefore, new clean energy or renewable energy is being developed to reduce the use of fossil energy such as gasoline and coal. China has abundant renewable energy sources such as biomass energy sources and wind energy, and the problems of energy shortage, environmental pollution and the like can be relieved by utilizing the renewable energy sources. The biomass boiler can discharge a large amount of waste gas, and the waste of energy can be reduced by utilizing the waste gas. Meanwhile, the system configuration can be optimized by using an algorithm for searching the optimal solution. Therefore, the organic Rankine cycle power generation and waste heat recovery system based on the algorithm is added, so that the energy utilization rate can be effectively improved, and the economic cost can be reduced.

In the aspect of organic Rankine cycle optimization technology, a novel organic Rankine cycle combined cooling heating and power system driven by biomass is provided. The system comprises a biomass boiler circulation part and an organic Rankine cycle combined cooling heating and power part connected with the biomass boiler circulation part, and can realize cooling, heating and power supply at the same time. An organic rankine cycle system for biomass gasification is also proposed, which comprises a gasification device, a waste heat recovery power generation system and the like, wherein the energy is utilized by the waste heat recovery power generation system after the temperature of the gasified gas is reduced, so that the energy utilization rate is improved.

Both of the above two schemes have some disadvantages, for example, the system only uses one biomass energy to realize the purpose of power supply, resulting in unstable power generation efficiency. In addition, for the systems in the two schemes, the system parameter configuration is manually selected, an optimal system operation parameter cannot be accurately selected, and the cost of system operation is not considered, so that the economic cost cannot be reduced to the maximum extent.

Therefore, a novel organic rankine cycle system combined with an optimization algorithm is urgently needed at present, so that the energy utilization rate and the stability of the power generation efficiency can be improved, and the economic cost of system operation can be reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

The purpose of the invention is as follows: aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a novel biomass organic Rankine cycle system and an evaporation temperature optimization method of the system, wherein wind energy and biomass energy are mixed and utilized to realize a power generation link in the organic Rankine cycle system, a heat exchanger-absorption pump is used to realize a flue gas waste heat recovery link, a sine and cosine algorithm is improved to realize optimization of the evaporation temperature of an evaporator in the organic Rankine cycle system, the energy utilization rate and the power generation efficiency are improved, and the system operation cost can be reduced.

The technical scheme is as follows: the invention provides a novel biomass organic Rankine cycle system, which comprises an organic Rankine cycle power generation system and a flue gas waste heat recovery system;

the organic Rankine cycle power generation system comprises a biomass boiler, an evaporator, an expander, a generator, a condenser, a liquid storage device, a working medium pump and a wind generating set, wherein the biomass boiler is connected with the evaporator, the expander and the generator are sequentially connected, the wind generating set is connected with the generator, the expander is connected with the condenser, the liquid storage device and the working medium pump are sequentially connected, and the working medium pump is connected with the evaporator through a pipeline;

the flue gas waste heat recovery system comprises a first-stage flue gas recovery assembly, an absorption heat pump, a second-stage flue gas recovery assembly and a heat supply network backwater, the biomass boiler is further connected with the first-stage flue gas recovery assembly, the absorption heat pump, the second-stage flue gas recovery assembly and the heat supply network backwater are sequentially connected, and the heat supply network backwater output end is further connected with the input end of the absorption heat pump.

Further, the wind generating set comprises a wind wheel and a gear box, the output end of the wind wheel is connected with the gear box, and the output end of the gear box is connected with the generator.

Furthermore, the first-stage flue gas recovery assembly and the second-stage flue gas recovery assembly are both water heat exchangers.

The invention also discloses a system evaporation temperature optimization method based on the novel biomass organic Rankine cycle system, wherein a control system is arranged on the evaporator, and a system evaporation temperature optimization method is arranged in the control system, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:

step 1: randomly initializing the population number to be S, the random position to be X, the maximum iteration number to be N, and inputting an evaporation temperature parameter of an evaporator;

step 2: calculating the fitness value of each individual, updating the optimal position, and enabling the iteration time T to be 1;

and step 3: entering a main loop, and updating an adjustment factor M and a self-adaptive weight W;

and 4, step 4: randomly generating a numerical value R, wherein the value range of R is [0,1], if R is less than the cross probability P, entering the step 5, otherwise, entering the step 6;

the cross probability P is given by the relation:

and 5: when R is smaller than P, judging whether the fitness value F of the individual is smaller than the average value F (x) of the fitness values of all the individuals, if F is smaller than F (x), entering random cross operation, otherwise entering regular cross operation to update the optimal individual position,

step 6: randomly generating a pre-judgment variation probability Pos, taking a value range [0, N ], judging whether the variation probability Po is smaller than the pre-judgment variation probability Pos, if so, performing variation operation, otherwise, entering the step 7;

the variation probability relation is:

and 7: forming a next generation population and updating the optimal position;

and 8: and (4) judging whether the maximum iteration number N is reached, if not, returning to the step (3), otherwise, outputting an optimal solution, namely the optimal evaporation temperature.

Preferably, the adjustment factor M and the adaptive weight W in step 3 are respectively:

wherein a is a control parameter, and the value range of a is [0,1 ].

Preferably, the relations between the random interleaving operation and the regular interleaving operation in step 5 are respectively:

the random cross relationship is:

the regular cross relation is:

ε＝f_m/(f_n+f_m)

wherein the content of the first and second substances,is an individual in the population of the human,as another individual at random, f_nIs composed ofFitness value of the individual, f_mIs composed ofThe fitness value of an individual is mu is a random number and the value range is [0, 1%]And epsilon is a proportionality coefficient.

Has the advantages that:

1. the organic Rankine cycle power generation system combining wind energy and biomass energy hybrid utilization is more reliable than the organic Rankine cycle power generation system using only one energy source, and the stability of the power generation efficiency is improved. And the heat exchanger-absorption pump is utilized to realize waste heat recovery of the waste gas, so that auxiliary heating can be realized, and the utilization rate of energy is improved.

2. The invention optimizes the evaporation temperature of the evaporator in the organic Rankine cycle system by combining with the improved sine and cosine algorithm, can ensure that the organic working medium is completely evaporated, does not have the phenomenon of gas-liquid coexistence, and improves the work efficiency of the expansion machine. The losses are reduced, thereby reducing the economic cost of system operation.

3. Compared with the original algorithm, the improved Sine and Cosine Algorithm (SCA) is combined, the adjustment factor M is subjected to nonlinear intersection, regular intersection is added in random intersection, the convergence speed of the algorithm is accelerated, the optimal evaporation temperature is found, the stability of the power generation efficiency is improved, and the overall cost of the system is reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a flow chart of an optimization algorithm of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a graph comparing the primary energy savings of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a graph comparing the power generation efficiency of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a graph comparing the total investment cost of the system of the present invention.

The system comprises a biomass boiler 1, an evaporator 2, an expander 3, a wind wheel 4, a gear transmission 5, a generator 6, a condenser 7, a liquid storage device 8, a working medium pump 9, a first water heat exchanger 10, an absorption heat pump 11, a second water heat exchanger 12, a heat supply network backwater 13 and a heat load 14.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments. The present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation manner and a specific operation process are given, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

The invention discloses a novel biomass organic Rankine cycle system, which is structurally shown in figure 1 and comprises an organic Rankine cycle power generation system and a flue gas waste heat recovery system.

The organic Rankine cycle power generation system comprises a biomass boiler 1, an evaporator 2, an expander 3, a generator 6, a condenser 7, a liquid storage device 8, a working medium pump 9 and a wind generating set, wherein the biomass boiler 1 is connected with the evaporator 2, the biomass boiler 1 is used as a heat source, and organic working media in the evaporator 2 absorb obtained heat energy and are converted into high-temperature and high-pressure steam. The evaporator 2, the expander 3 and the generator 6 are connected in sequence, and high-temperature and high-pressure steam discharged from the evaporator 2 enters the expander 3 to do work so as to drive the generator 6 to generate electricity.

The wind generating set comprises a wind wheel 4 and a gear box 5. The kinetic energy of wind is converted into mechanical energy through the wind wheel 4, the rotating speed of the wind wheel 4 is increased to the rated rotating speed of the generator 6 through the gear gearbox 5, and the wind generating set is connected with the generator 6 to drive the generator 6 to generate electricity.

The expander 3 is connected with the condenser 7, and the steam which is discharged from the expander 3 and is depressurized and cooled is condensed by the condenser 7. The condenser 7, the liquid storage device 8 and the working medium pump 9 are sequentially connected, and the liquid working medium flowing out of the condenser 7 enters the liquid storage device 8 and then enters the working medium pump 9 for pressurization. The working medium pump 9 is connected with the evaporator 2 through a pipeline, and the organic working medium pressurized by the working medium pump 9 returns to the evaporator 2 again. Therefore, the link of the organic Rankine cycle power generation system combining wind energy and biomass energy hybrid utilization is completed.

The flue gas waste heat recovery system comprises a first-stage flue gas recovery assembly, an absorption heat pump 11, a second-stage flue gas recovery assembly and heat supply network backwater 13, the biomass boiler 1 is further connected with the first-stage flue gas recovery assembly, the absorption heat pump 11, the second-stage flue gas recovery assembly and the heat supply network backwater 13 are sequentially connected, and the output end of the heat supply network backwater 13 is further connected with the input end of the absorption heat pump 11. The first-stage flue gas recovery assembly and the second-stage flue gas recovery assembly are both water heat exchangers, namely a first water heat exchanger 10 and a second water heat exchanger 12.

The biomass boiler 1 is connected with a first water heat exchanger 10, and exhaust gas generated by the biomass boiler 1 passes through the first water heat exchanger 10, so as to obtain high-temperature hot water.

The first water heat exchanger 10, the absorption heat pump 11, the second water heat exchanger 12 and the heat supply network backwater 13 are connected in sequence. The absorption heat pump 11 is driven to work by the high-temperature hot water flowing out of the first water heat exchanger 10, the heat supply network backwater 13 absorbs heat by the absorption heat pump 11 and then enters the second water heat exchanger 12 for further heating, and therefore the purpose of heat supply is achieved, and the link of utilizing the heat exchanger-absorption pump flue gas waste heat recovery system is completed.

When the invention is used, firstly, the organic working medium in the evaporator absorbs heat energy from the biomass boiler 1, is changed into high-temperature high-pressure steam, then enters the expansion machine 3 to do work, and is combined with the wind generating set to drive the generator 6 to generate electricity, the low-temperature low-pressure steam discharged from the expansion machine 3 enters the condenser 7 to be changed into liquid working medium, then enters the liquid storage device 8, then enters the working medium pump 9 to pressurize, and returns to the evaporator 2 again. Meanwhile, waste gas generated by the biomass boiler 1 enters the first water heat exchanger 10 to be converted into high-temperature hot water to drive the absorption heat pump 11 to work, and then heat supply network return water 13 absorbs heat from the absorption heat pump 11 and enters the second water heat exchanger 12 to be further heated, so that auxiliary heat supply is realized.

The invention also discloses a system evaporation temperature optimization method based on the novel biomass organic Rankine cycle system, wherein a control system is arranged on the evaporator, and a system evaporation temperature optimization method is arranged in the control system, and the method carries out optimization configuration on the evaporation temperature of the evaporator 2 by utilizing an improved Sine and Cosine Algorithm (SCA). The improved Sine and Cosine Algorithm (SCA) comprises the following steps:

step 1: the random initialization population number is S, the random position is X, the maximum iteration number is N, and evaporation temperature parameters of the evaporator are input.

Step 2: and calculating the fitness value of each individual, updating the optimal position, and enabling the iteration time T to be 1.

And step 3: entering a main loop, updating the adjusting factor M and the adaptive weight W based on improvement,

the regulatory factor M has the relation:

the adaptive weight relationship is:

wherein a is a control parameter, and the value range of a is [0,1 ].

And 4, step 4: randomly generating a numerical value of R, wherein the value range of R is [0,1], if R is less than the cross probability P, entering the step 5, otherwise, entering the step 6;

the cross probability P is given by the relation:

and 5: when R is smaller than P, judging whether the individual fitness value F is smaller than the group average value F (x), if F is smaller than F (x), entering random cross operation, otherwise entering regular cross operation to update the optimal individual position,

the random cross relationship is:

the regular cross relation is:

ε＝f_m/(f_n+f_m)

wherein the content of the first and second substances,is an individual in the population of the human,as another individual at random, f_nIs composed ofFitness value of the individual, f_mIs composed ofThe fitness value of an individual is mu is a random number and the value range is [0, 1%]And epsilon is a proportionality coefficient.

Step 6: randomly generating pre-judging mutation probability P_osThe value range is (0, N), and the variation probability P is judged_oWhether or not less than the pre-determined mutation probability P_osIf P is_oLess than P_osIf yes, performing mutation operation, otherwise, entering step 7;

the variation probability relation is:

and 7: and forming a next generation population and updating the optimal position.

And 8: and (4) judging whether the maximum iteration number N is reached, if not, returning to the step (3), otherwise, outputting an optimal solution, namely the optimal evaporation temperature.

The specific beneficial effects are shown in fig. 3, 4 and 5.

Fig. 3 shows a comparison of the primary energy saving rate of the novel biomass organic rankine cycle system after the evaporation temperature of the evaporator 2 is optimized and configured by using an improved Sine and Cosine Algorithm (SCA) according to the present invention, and two energy systems, which are an organic rankine cycle system and a biomass organic rankine cycle system, respectively, as can be seen from fig. 3, the primary energy saving rate of the present invention is greater than that of the organic rankine cycle system and the biomass organic rankine cycle system.

Fig. 4 shows a comparison of power generation efficiency of the novel biomass organic rankine cycle system, which is obtained by optimally configuring the evaporation temperature of the evaporator 2 by using an improved Sine and Cosine Algorithm (SCA), and two energy systems, which are respectively a conventional organic rankine cycle system and a biomass organic rankine cycle system, according to fig. 4, the novel biomass organic rankine cycle system used in the present invention combines wind energy and biomass energy to improve power generation efficiency.

Fig. 5 is a comparison of total investment costs of the novel biomass organic rankine cycle system and two energy systems, which are respectively a conventional organic rankine cycle system and a biomass organic rankine cycle system, after the evaporation temperature of the evaporator 2 is optimally configured by using an improved Sine and Cosine Algorithm (SCA) according to the present invention, and as can be seen from fig. 5, the total investment cost of the present invention is less than that of the conventional organic rankine cycle system and the biomass organic rankine cycle system.

The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concepts and features of the present invention, and the purpose of the embodiments is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.