阅读说明：本技术 一种可吸水冰形切割器、冰形测量装置以及冰形测量方法 (Water-absorbable ice-shaped cutter, ice-shaped measuring device and ice-shaped measuring method ) 是由 张平涛 郭龙 易贤 张轲 孙才国 李自雨 于 2021-09-07 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明适用于风洞试验技术领域,提供了可吸水冰形切割器、冰形测量装置以及冰形测量方法,其中,可吸水冰形切割器包括切割组件、供水组件、集水容器、供气组件、引射器、吸水组件；供水组件的出水口与引射器的进水口连接,供水组件的进水口与集水容器的出水口连接；供气组件的进气口与气源连接,供气组件的热出气口与引射器的进气口连接；引射器的喷气口与切割组件的入口连接,切割组件的出口与集水容器的热回收口连接,切割组件形成容纳腔；吸水组件至少部分位于容纳腔内,吸水组件用于吸收切割组件切割时产生的水；引射器的进水口、进气口、喷气口相互连通。采用本发明的方法可以在切割的过程中吸水,获取的冰形保真度高。(The invention is suitable for the technical field of wind tunnel tests and provides a water-absorbable ice-shaped cutter, an ice-shaped measuring device and an ice-shaped measuring method, wherein the water-absorbable ice-shaped cutter comprises a cutting assembly, a water supply assembly, a water collecting container, an air supply assembly, an ejector and a water absorption assembly; the water outlet of the water supply assembly is connected with the water inlet of the ejector, and the water inlet of the water supply assembly is connected with the water outlet of the water collecting container; the hot air outlet of the air supply assembly is connected with the air inlet of the ejector; an air jet of the ejector is connected with an inlet of the cutting assembly, an outlet of the cutting assembly is connected with a heat recovery port of the water collecting container, and the cutting assembly forms an accommodating cavity; the water absorption component is at least partially positioned in the accommodating cavity and is used for absorbing water generated when the cutting component cuts; the water inlet, the air inlet and the air jet of the ejector are communicated with each other. The method can absorb water in the cutting process, and the obtained ice shape has high fidelity.)

1. The water-absorbable ice-shaped cutter is characterized by comprising a cutting assembly (10), a water supply assembly (30), a water collecting container (40), an air supply assembly (50), an ejector (60) and a water absorbing assembly (70);

the water outlet of the water supply assembly (30) is connected with the water inlet of the ejector (60), and the water inlet of the water supply assembly (30) is connected with the water outlet of the water collecting container (40);

the air inlet of the air supply assembly (50) is connected with an air source, and the hot air outlet of the air supply assembly (50) is connected with the air inlet of the ejector (60);

the air outlet of the ejector (60) is connected with the inlet of the cutting assembly (10), the outlet of the cutting assembly (10) is connected with the heat recovery port of the water collecting container (40), and the cutting assembly (10) forms an accommodating cavity; the water absorption assembly (70) is at least partially positioned in the containing cavity, and the water absorption assembly (70) is used for absorbing water generated when the cutting assembly (10) cuts;

the water inlet, the air inlet and the air jet of the ejector (60) are communicated with each other.

2. The water absorbable ice cutter of claim 1, wherein the cutting assembly (10) is provided with a water inlet slit (113) at the circumference, the water inlet slit (113) is communicated with the accommodating cavity, and water generated when the cutting assembly (10) cuts is absorbed by the water absorbing assembly (70) through the water inlet slit (113).

3. The water absorbable ice cutter as claimed in claim 2, wherein the water absorbing assembly (70) is provided with a water absorbing slit (723) in the circumferential direction, and the water absorbing slit (723) is communicated with the water inlet slit (113).

4. The water absorbable ice cutter of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the water absorbing assembly (70) comprises: the vacuum negative pressure piece (71) and the water absorbing piece (72), wherein the vacuum negative pressure piece (71) provides water absorbing power for the water absorbing piece (72);

the water absorbing piece (72) is positioned in the containing cavity, one end of the vacuum negative pressing piece (71) is connected with the water absorbing piece (72), and the other end of the vacuum negative pressing piece is connected with a cold recovery port of the water collecting container (40).

5. The water absorbable ice cutter of claim 4, wherein the water absorbing member (72) conforms to the shape of the receiving cavity.

6. The water absorbable ice cutter of claim 4, wherein the edge of the water absorbing member (72) extends into the water inlet slit (113) of the cutting assembly (10).

7. The water absorbable ice cutter of claim 4, wherein the water absorbing member (72) comprises an upper water absorbing plate (721) and a lower water absorbing plate (722), the upper water absorbing plate (721) and the lower water absorbing plate (722) forming the water absorbing slit (723) therebetween.

8. The water absorbable ice cutter of claim 1, further comprising a cooling module (20), wherein the cooling module (20) is located above and/or below the water absorbing module (70), and the air inlet of the cooling module (20) is connected with the cold air outlet of the air supply module (50).

9. An ice-shape measuring device, comprising a measuring support, a measuring plate, a paper grid and the ice-shape water-absorbable cutter of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the paper grid is placed on the measuring plate, the measuring plate and the ice-shape water-absorbable cutter are mounted on the support, the measuring plate and the ice-shape water-absorbable cutter can move up and down along the support, and the measuring plate is located above the ice-shape water-absorbable cutter.

10. A method of ice measurement using the ice measuring device of claim 9, comprising the steps of:

step S10: disposing the ice measuring device of claim 9 in a wind tunnel;

step S20: adjusting the height of the water-absorbable ice-shaped cutter relative to the measuring bracket to the target height of the ice-shaped position to be measured;

step S30: horizontally moving the water-absorbable ice-shaped cutter to a target height position on one side of the aircraft model, and performing telescopic motion on the water-absorbable ice-shaped cutter along the aircraft model until a gap is cut, stopping moving the water-absorbable ice-shaped cutter, and moving the water-absorbable ice-shaped cutter away from the aircraft model;

step S40: adjusting the height of the measuring plate to be consistent with the height of the water-absorbable ice-shaped cutter during cutting;

step S50: horizontally moving the measuring plate to a cutting gap, and inserting pre-cut check paper with a leading edge profile consistent with an aircraft model into the gap between the accumulated ice at the cutting part and the measuring plate;

step S60: the ice shape at the cutting position was traced on the paper grid using a pen.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of wind tunnel tests, in particular to a water-absorbable ice-shaped cutter, an ice-shaped measuring device and an ice-shaped measuring method.

Background

When an aircraft passes through a large number of low-temperature cloud layers rich in supercooled liquid drops, the windward surface of the aircraft is easy to generate the phenomenon of icing, and the icing phenomenon has serious threat to the flight safety of the aircraft, so that the development of an aircraft model icing test in an icing wind tunnel is called as an important link for designing and verifying an aircraft deicing prevention system.

In an icing wind tunnel test of an aircraft model, the two-dimensional cross-sectional shape (called ice shape for short) of ice accumulated on the surface of the model needs to be accurately obtained, and the precision and speed of the ice shape obtaining directly influence the quality efficiency of the test. In the prior art, the method for acquiring the frozen wind-driven ice shapes mainly comprises hot knife cutting, and the hot knives can be divided into two types according to the working principle: an integral profile hot knife and a moving strip. The integral profile hot knife is made by cutting a copper sheet with a profile identical to the profile of the aircraft model at the front edge, the profile is large, the heated hot knife is horizontally inserted into ice accumulated at the front edge of the aircraft model to be obtained when the integral profile hot knife is used, the ice accumulated at the contact part is melted by utilizing the residual heat of the copper sheet, the hot knife is drawn out after the cutting is finished, and then the prefabricated paper checkerboard is inserted for ice-shaped drawing. The movable narrow-strip-shaped hot knife is in a narrow-strip shape, the rear end of the hot knife is connected with an electric heating device and fixed on a horizontal movable support, and ice accumulated on a contact part is melted by utilizing the high temperature of the hot knife through transversely moving the heated hot knife in use, so that ice-shaped cutting is realized. The two types of hot blades are widely applied to ice shape acquisition in an icing wind tunnel, but have some defects in the aspect of accurate fidelity acquisition of ice shapes, and the defects are as follows:

when the integral profile type hot knife is used, the heating temperature of the hot knife depends on the heating mode and the maximum temperature resistant temperature of the knife body material, the larger the profile is, the more obvious the cold and hot deformation phenomenon of the hot knife is, and the lower the ice-shaped cutting fidelity of the profile is. The temperature of the hot knife is not controlled during cutting, the temperatures of different positions of the knife edge are basically consistent, and the phenomenon that an ice accumulation area with small thickness is excessively melted or an ice accumulation area with large thickness is incompletely cut can occur when the same hot knife temperature is used for cutting areas with different ice accumulation thicknesses. The front edge molded line of the molded surface hot knife is customized in advance according to the molded surface of the model, after the hot knife is machined, only the ice shape of the specific position of the model can be obtained, the ice shape obtaining point position is increased according to the icing condition of the model sometimes in a test, and the hot knife needs to be machined again at the moment, so that the test efficiency is influenced. When the ice shape is cut by the method, a plurality of persons are needed to work cooperatively, one person is responsible for the hot knife, and 2-3 persons use the quick-freezing agent to cool the accumulated ice on the upper surface of the ice knife, so that the ice shape is prevented from being damaged by excessive melting of the ice on the upper surface, and the efficiency is low. Easy heat dissipation cooling influences the cutting effect in the hot sword is transported, and has operating personnel scald risk.

The moving narrow-strip type hot knife avoids the temperature control problem of the profile type hot knife, but in the cutting process of the hot knife, nitrogen gas is used for cooling the area close to the cutting to keep the ice shape, and ice melt water generated by cutting is blown off the surface of the model by the nitrogen gas. When the device cuts a seed nitrogen gas to blow off ice and melt water, the temperature of the nitrogen gas is low, the nitrogen gas is easy to cause random freezing on the surface of ice in water overflow, the shape of accumulated ice is damaged, and the fidelity of ice shape acquisition is influenced.

In addition, when the nitrogen blows off ice and melts water, the nitrogen is low in temperature, so that the water is easy to freeze randomly on the surface of the ice in the process of overflowing, and the fidelity of ice acquisition is influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to a water-absorbable ice-shaped cutter, an ice-shaped measuring device and an ice-shaped measuring method, which are used to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art.

The invention provides a water-absorbable ice-shaped cutter which comprises a cutting assembly, a water supply assembly, a water collecting container, an air supply assembly, an ejector and a water absorbing assembly, wherein the water supply assembly is arranged on the cutting assembly;

the water outlet of the water supply assembly is connected with the water inlet of the ejector, and the water inlet of the water supply assembly is connected with the water outlet of the water collecting container;

the air inlet of the air supply assembly is connected with an air source, and the hot air outlet of the air supply assembly is connected with the air inlet of the ejector;

an air jet of the ejector is connected with an inlet of the cutting assembly, an outlet of the cutting assembly is connected with a heat recovery port of the water collecting container, and the cutting assembly forms an accommodating cavity; the water absorbing component is at least partially positioned in the accommodating cavity and is used for absorbing water generated when the cutting component cuts;

the water inlet, the air inlet and the air jet of the ejector are communicated with each other.

Furthermore, the circumference of cutting assembly is provided with into water seam, the seam of intaking with hold the chamber and link up, the water that produces during the cutting assembly cutting passes through into water seam by the subassembly that absorbs water absorbs.

Furthermore, the circumference of the water absorption component is provided with a water absorption seam, and the water absorption seam is communicated with the water inlet seam.

Further, the water absorption assembly includes: the vacuum negative pressing part provides water absorption power for the water absorption part;

the water absorbing part is positioned in the accommodating cavity, one end of the vacuum negative pressing part is connected with the water absorbing part, and the other end of the vacuum negative pressing part is connected with a cold recovery port of the water collecting container.

Further, the water absorbing member is in accordance with the shape of the accommodating cavity.

Further, the edge of the water absorbing member extends into the water inlet slit of the cutting assembly.

Further, the water absorbing piece comprises an upper water absorbing plate and a lower water absorbing plate, and the water absorbing seam is formed between the upper water absorbing plate and the lower water absorbing plate.

Further, the water-absorbable ice-shaped cutter further comprises a cooling assembly, the cooling assembly is located above and/or below the water-absorbing assembly, and an air inlet of the cooling assembly is connected with a cold air outlet of the air supply assembly.

The invention also provides an ice-shaped measuring device which comprises a measuring bracket, a measuring plate, a piece of check paper and the ice-shaped cutter, wherein the ice-shaped cutter is arranged on any one of the measuring plate, the check paper is placed on the measuring plate, the measuring plate and the water-absorbable ice-shaped cutter are arranged on the bracket, the measuring plate and the water-absorbable ice-shaped cutter can move up and down along the bracket, and the measuring plate is positioned above the water-absorbable ice-shaped cutter.

The invention also provides a method for measuring the ice shape by using the ice shape measuring device in embodiment 2, which comprises the following steps:

step S10: arranging the ice-shaped measuring device in a wind tunnel;

step S20: adjusting the height of the water-absorbable ice-shaped cutter relative to the measuring bracket to the target height of the ice-shaped position to be measured;

step S30: horizontally moving the water-absorbable ice-shaped cutter to a target height position on one side of the aircraft model, and performing telescopic motion on the water-absorbable ice-shaped cutter along the aircraft model until a gap is cut, stopping moving the water-absorbable ice-shaped cutter, and moving the water-absorbable ice-shaped cutter away from the aircraft model;

step S40: adjusting the height of the measuring plate to be consistent with the height of the water-absorbable ice-shaped cutter during cutting;

step S50: horizontally moving the measuring plate to a cutting gap, and inserting pre-cut check paper with a leading edge profile consistent with an aircraft model into the gap between the accumulated ice at the cutting part and the measuring plate;

step S60: the ice shape at the cutting position was traced on the paper grid using a pen.

The beneficial effects of the invention at least comprise the following aspects:

1. in the prior art, when the heated cutting assembly is used for cutting the accumulated ice on the surface of the aircraft model, ice and melt water can appear, and if the ice and melt water flows to the ice accumulation surface and is frozen randomly, the fidelity of the obtained ice shape can be influenced.

2. According to the water-absorbable ice-shaped cutter provided by the embodiment of the invention, high-temperature hot gas is used as a heat source and is supplied to the cutting assembly to cut accumulated ice, cold air is used as a coolant and is sprayed out of the cooling assembly, the hot gas for ice-shaped cutting and the cold air for cooling the accumulated ice in an area are generated by the vortex tube, a heating and cooling device is not required to be added, and the structure is simple. In the cutting process, the cutting temperature and the cooling temperature can be adjusted at any time according to the cutting condition of the accumulated ice, so that the ice shape is accurate and the fidelity is high.

3. In the prior art, before cutting ice shapes, the leading edge molded line of a hot knife needs to be customized in advance according to the molded surface of an aircraft model, and after the hot knife is processed, only the ice shapes of specific positions of the aircraft model can be obtained; in the embodiment of the invention, the shape of the cutting component in the water-absorbable ice-shaped cutter is not customized in advance according to the molded surface of the aircraft model, and the cutting component can cut and obtain ice shapes at different target positions by freely moving in different directions on the measuring bracket, namely the cutting component can cut ice shapes at different positions and different positions of the aircraft model, so that the application range is wide.

4. In the prior art, when the ice shape is cut, the temperature of a hot knife is not controlled, the temperature of the position of the knife edge is basically consistent, and for areas with different ice accretion thicknesses, when the same temperature of the hot knife is used for cutting, the ice accretion in the ice accretion area with small ice accretion thickness is excessively melted, and the ice accretion in the area with large ice accretion thickness is not completely cut and has residue; in the embodiment of the invention, the flow distribution valve of the vortex tube in the air supply device can be adjusted to control the temperature of the tube cutting assembly to be different when the ice accretion with different ice accretion thicknesses is cut, so that the problems of accumulated ice cutting transition and incomplete cutting in the cutting process are avoided, and the fidelity to the ice shape is high.

5. In the prior art, when the ice shape is cut by adopting the profile hot knife, a plurality of persons are required to work cooperatively, 1 person is responsible for the hot knife, and 2-3 persons use the quick-freezing agent to cool accumulated ice on the surface of the ice knife, so that the ice shape is prevented from being damaged by excessive melting of the accumulated ice, and the efficiency is low; the water-absorbable ice-shaped cutter adopted in the invention can finish the operation by only 1 person, specifically, in the process of ice accumulation cutting, a cooling assembly is arranged in an accommodating cavity of the cutting assembly, and hot air entering the cutting assembly and cold air for cooling the assembly are controlled by adjusting an air supply device, so that the continuous heating of the cutting assembly and the cooling of the environment around the cutting assembly are realized in the cutting process, the ice shape damage caused by melted ice is prevented, and the cutting efficiency is high.

6. The low-temperature cooling plate is adopted, low-temperature gas sprayed out of the cooling plate during cutting can well protect a cutting area, accumulated ice can not be excessively melted, the completeness of ice shape of a cutting part is guaranteed, cold air at the outlet of the vortex tube is used for the cutting part during cutting, auxiliary cooling measures such as additional refrigerant and the like are not needed, the fidelity of the ice shape is improved, and the test cost and the operation difficulty are reduced.

7. According to the invention, the ejector is adopted, hot gas generated by the vortex tube is mixed with water entering the ejector to exchange heat to form high-temperature water vapor, the thermal resistance between the high-temperature water vapor and the cutting assembly is small, and the heating efficiency of the cutting assembly is greatly improved.

8. The water-absorbable ice-shaped cutter provided by the embodiment of the invention does not need power supply, avoids the risk of electric shock of personnel in the use of the device in a freezing wind tunnel low-temperature humid environment, and improves the safety.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present invention or in the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of an ice cutter;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the cutting assembly of the present invention

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the construction of the water absorbing assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of the absorbent assembly of FIG. 3 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the cooling module of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a portion of the cooling assembly of FIG. 5 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the water supply assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing the structure of a water collecting container according to the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the construction of the gas supply assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of an eductor according to the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a flow chart of the ice shape measurement method of the present invention.

10-a cutting assembly; 11-cutting the tube; 111-an inlet of a cut tube; 112-outlet of the cut tube; 113-water inlet seam; 20-a cooling assembly; 21-a cooling plate; 211-cooling holes; 212-air inlet of cooling plate; 30-a water supply assembly; 31-a water supply pipe; 311-water supply pipe inlet; 312-the outlet of the water supply pipe; 32-water control valve; 40-a water collecting container and 41-a water collecting bottle; 411-a water filling port of the water collecting bottle; 412-the outlet of the water collection bottle; 413-heat recovery opening of water collecting bottle; 414-cold recovery opening of the water collection bottle; 50-a gas supply assembly; 51-a gas supply tube; 52-vortex tube power regulating valve; 53-vortex tube; 54-vortex tube flow distribution regulating valve; 55-hot air pipe; 60-an ejector; 61-inlet of ejector; 62-the water inlet of the ejector; 63-the gas injection port of the ejector; 70-a water absorbing component; 71-vacuum negative pressure parts; 711-vacuum generator; 712-vacuum degree regulating valve; 713-vacuum tube; 72-a water absorbent member; 721 a suction plate; 722-a lower absorbent panel; 723-Water absorption seam.

Detailed Description

The following description provides many different embodiments, or examples, for implementing different features of the invention. The particular examples set forth below are illustrative only and are not intended to be limiting.

The present invention is directed to a water-absorbable ice-shaped cutter, an ice-shaped measuring device and an ice-shaped measuring method, which are used to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art. The following three examples are provided:

example 1:

as shown in fig. 1 to 10, embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a water absorbable ice-shaped cutter, which includes a cutting assembly 10, a water supply assembly 30, a water collecting container 40, a gas supply assembly 50, an injector 60, and a water absorption assembly 70;

the water outlet of the water supply assembly 30 is connected with the water inlet of the ejector 60, and the water inlet of the water supply assembly 30 is connected with the water outlet of the water collecting container 40;

the air inlet of the air supply assembly 50 is connected with an air source, and the hot air outlet of the air supply assembly 50 is connected with the air inlet of the ejector 60;

the air outlet of the ejector 60 is connected with the inlet of the cutting assembly 10, the outlet of the cutting assembly 10 is connected with the heat recovery port of the water collecting container 40, and the cutting assembly (10) forms an accommodating cavity; the water absorbing component 70 is at least partially positioned in the accommodating cavity, and the water absorbing component 70 is used for absorbing water generated when the cutting component 10 cuts;

the water inlet, the air inlet and the air jet of the ejector 60 are communicated with each other.

It should be noted that: the water supply assembly 30 comprises a water supply pipe 31, the water outlet of the water supply assembly 30 is the water outlet 312 of the water supply pipe 31, and the water inlet of the water supply assembly 30 is the water inlet 311 of the water supply pipe 31; the water collecting container 40 is a water collecting bottle 41, the water outlet of the water collecting container 40 is the water outlet 412 of the water collecting bottle 41, the heat recovery port of the water collecting container 40 is the heat recovery port 413 of the water collecting bottle 41, and the cold recovery port of the water collecting container 40 is the cold recovery port 414 of the water collecting bottle 41; the cutting assembly 10 is a cutting pipe 11, the inlet of the cutting assembly 10 is an inlet 111 of the cutting pipe 11, and the outlet of the cutting assembly 10 is an inlet 112 of the cutting pipe 11; the cooling module 20 is a cooling plate 21, and the air inlet of the cooling module 20 is an air inlet 222 of the cooling plate 21; in the air supply assembly 50 shown in fig. 9, the direction indicated by the arrow is the flowing direction of the air flow, and the air ports along the flowing direction of the air flow (specifically, the direction in the figure is from top to bottom, and from left to right) are: an air inlet and an air outlet of the air supply pipe 51; an air inlet, a cold air outlet, and a hot air outlet of the vortex tube 53; an air inlet and an air outlet of the hot air pipe 55; as shown in fig. 3, the direction indicated by the arrow is the air suction direction (i.e. the water absorption direction), and the air ports along the air suction direction (specifically, the direction in the figure is from top to bottom, and from right to left) are: air inlet, water inlet and water outlet of vacuum tube

In the above scheme, one end of the water absorbing assembly 70 is accommodated in the accommodating cavity of the cutting assembly 10, the water outlet of the water absorbing assembly 70 is connected with the cold recovery port 414 of the water collecting container 40, and water absorbed by the water absorbing assembly 70 flows into the water collecting container 40 through the water outlet, so that the water can be recycled.

In the above scheme, the preferred water collecting bottle 41 that is of water collecting container, the top of water collecting bottle 41 is provided with a filler 411, before cutting and in the cutting process, when the water in water collecting bottle 41 appears not enough, can add external water to water collecting bottle 41 through filler 411, guarantee the water yield in water collecting bottle 41 enough constantly, guarantee that the special subassembly of cutting goes on smoothly at the cutting process in the testing process, when the water in water collecting bottle 41 is not enough, can lead to getting into the high temperature steam in cutting assembly 10 not enough, heating temperature reduces, cutting efficiency reduces. When water is added, a water pipe can be inserted into the water adding port 411 to fill water into the water collecting bottle 41, and other water adding modes can be adopted without limitation; the body of the water collecting bottle 41 is provided with three ports, which are a water outlet 412, a heat recovery port 413 and a cold recovery port 414 respectively, wherein the water supply assembly 30 comprises a water supply pipe 31 and a water quantity control valve 31, the water outlet 412 on the water collecting bottle 412 is connected with the water inlet 311 of the water supply pipe 31, so that water in the water collecting bottle 41 can enter the water supply pipe 31, the water outlet 312 of the water supply pipe 31 is connected to the water inlet 62 of the ejector 60, and water enters the ejector 60 to provide sufficient water for the test.

The partly air inlet that passes through air feed subassembly 50 of outside high pressurized air source gets into, and be divided into steam and air conditioning, steam gets into in the ejector 60 through the air inlet 61 of ejector 60, carry out the mixing action with the water that gets into in the ejector 60, produce high temperature steam, high temperature steam carries out cutting assembly 10 through cutting assembly 10's entry 111, cutting assembly 10 can be because the continuous entering of high temperature steam this moment, the temperature uprises, reach the temperature that needs when cutting the long-pending ice gradually, at the in-process of cutting, high temperature steam in cutting assembly 10 needs the straight-through circulation, therefore, high temperature steam enters into water collecting container 40 through cutting assembly 10's export 112, realize the recovery to water, the recycling, avoid causing the waste.

The other part of the external high-pressure air source enters through the air inlet of the water absorption assembly 70, so that a negative pressure environment is formed inside the water absorption assembly 70, when the cutting assembly 10 generates ice and melt water in the process of cutting accumulated ice, the water absorption assembly 70 with the negative pressure environment can immediately absorb the ice and melt water, the ice and melt water generated in the cutting process of the cutting assembly 10 is ensured not to flow into or splash to the surface of the ice, secondary freezing is generated, the original ice shape of the accumulated ice is damaged, and the fidelity of the ice shape is reduced.

The ejector 60 is positioned between the water supply assembly 30 and the cutting assembly 10, the connection among the water collecting container 40, the water supply assembly 30, the ejector 60 and the cutting assembly 10 forms a loop, and a containing cavity is correspondingly formed on the cutting assembly 10 on the loop.

The chamber is used for holding the subassembly 70 that absorbs water for the subassembly 70 that absorbs water can in time absorb away the ice melt water that produces in the cutting range of cutting element 10, if the subassembly 70 that absorbs water does not install when holding the chamber, like when the subassembly 70 that absorbs water is located the cutting element 10 outside, because the subassembly 70 that absorbs water is far away from the distance of cutting element, consequently, can have the subassembly 70 that absorbs water and can only absorb the ice melt water that some cutting element 10 produced, reduce the fidelity of ice shape.

In the prior art, when the heated cutting assembly 10 is used for cutting the accumulated ice on the surface of the aircraft model, ice and melt water can appear, and if the ice and melt water flows to the surface of the accumulated ice and is frozen randomly, the fidelity of the obtained ice shape can be influenced.

In the prior art, before cutting ice shapes, the leading edge molded line of a hot knife needs to be customized in advance according to the molded surface of an aircraft model, and after the hot knife is processed, only the ice shapes of specific positions of the aircraft model can be obtained; in the embodiment of the invention, the shape of the cutting component 10 in the water-absorbable ice-shaped cutter is not customized in advance according to the profile of the aircraft model, and the cutting component can cut and obtain ice shapes at different target positions by freely moving in different directions on the measuring bracket, namely the cutting component 10 can cut ice shapes at different positions of the aircraft model, so that the application range is wide.

In the prior art, when the ice shape is cut, the temperature of a hot knife is not controlled, the temperature of the position of the knife edge is basically consistent, and for areas with different ice accretion thicknesses, when the same temperature of the hot knife is used for cutting, the ice accretion in the ice accretion area with small ice accretion thickness is excessively melted, and the ice accretion in the area with large ice accretion thickness is not completely cut and has residue; in the embodiment of the invention, the flow distribution regulating valve 54 of the vortex tube in the air supply device 10 can be regulated to control the temperature of the tube cutting assembly to be different when the ice accretion with different ice accretion thicknesses is cut, so that the problems of accumulated ice cutting transition and incomplete cutting in the cutting process are avoided, and the fidelity to the ice shape is high.

According to the invention, the ejector 60 is adopted, hot gas generated by the vortex tube 53 is mixed with water entering the ejector 60 for heat exchange to form high-temperature water vapor, the thermal resistance between the high-temperature water vapor and the cutting assembly 10 is small, and the heating efficiency of the cutting assembly 10 is greatly improved.

Further, a water inlet slit 113 is formed in the circumferential direction of the cutting assembly 10, the water inlet slit 113 is communicated with the accommodating cavity, and water generated during cutting of the cutting assembly 10 is absorbed by the water absorbing assembly 70 through the water inlet slit 113.

In the above scheme, the cutting assembly 10 is preferably a cutting pipe 11, the cutting pipe 11 is hollow, one end of the cutting pipe 11 is connected with the air jet 63 of the ejector 60, the other end of the cutting pipe is connected with the water collecting bottle 41, at this time, high-temperature water vapor generated in the ejector 60 enters the cutting pipe 11, the cutting pipe 11 is heated to reach the temperature for cutting accumulated ice, the high-temperature water vapor flows to the outlet along the inlet of the cutting pipe 11, and finally flows back to the water collecting bottle 41 through the outlet of the cutting pipe 11 to recover the high-temperature water vapor; and will cut pipe 11 and buckle into the U type for the front end is circular-arc, and when cutting pipe 11 was cutting the long-pending ice, the front end can contact with the surface of aircraft model, sets up the front end into circular-arc can avoid cutting pipe 11 fish tail surface when aircraft model surface removes.

Cutting assembly 10 is cut by two-layer parallel arrangement's U type and is managed 11 to constitute, is not sealing connection between two-layer cutting pipe 11, but has the gap between two-layer cutting pipe 11, the gap is into water seam 113, just it has a perfect understanding the setting to advance water seam 113 with it is to hold the chamber, lies in the subassembly 70 that absorbs water that holds the intracavity of double-deck U type cutting pipe this moment, when double-layer cutting pipe 11 when cutting the long-pending ice and produce the ice melt water, in time siphons away the ice melt water through the seam 113 of intaking between double-layer cutting pipe 11, has avoided the ice melt water to flow into other places.

Further, a water absorption slit 723 is formed in the circumferential direction of the water absorption assembly 70, and the water absorption slit 723 is communicated with the water inlet slit 113.

In the above scheme, the water absorbing slits 723 are circumferentially arranged on the water absorbing assembly 70, and the water absorbing slits 723 of the water absorbing assembly 70 are communicated with the water inlet slits 113 between the double-layer cutting pipes 11, so that ice melt water generated by cutting accumulated ice in the cutting pipes 11 is absorbed by the water absorbing slits 723 of the water absorbing assembly 70 through the water inlet slits 113.

Further, the water absorption assembly 70 includes: the vacuum negative pressure piece 71 and the water absorbing piece 72, wherein the vacuum negative pressure piece 71 provides water absorbing power for the water absorbing piece 72;

the water absorbing piece 72 is positioned in the accommodating cavity, one end of the vacuum negative pressing piece 71 is connected with the water absorbing piece 72, and the other end of the vacuum negative pressing piece is connected with the cold recovery port of the water collecting container 40.

In the above aspect, the vacuum negative pressure member 71 includes: the vacuum generator comprises a vacuum generator 711, a vacuum degree adjusting valve 712 and a vacuum pipe 713, wherein an air inlet of the vacuum pipe 713 is connected with the high-pressure air source, an air outlet (namely, a water outlet) of the vacuum pipe 713 is connected with the cold recovery port 414 of the water collection container 40, the vacuum degree adjusting valve 712 and the vacuum generator 711 are sequentially arranged along the height direction of the vacuum pipe 713 from top to bottom, negative pressure is formed in the vacuum generator 711 after the high-pressure air source enters the vacuum generator 711 through the vacuum pipe 713, the vacuum generator 711 is provided with a vacuum port (namely, a water inlet), the water absorbing part is connected with the vacuum port, water in the water absorbing part 72 is absorbed into the cavity of the vacuum generator 711, and the water flows into the water collection container 40 through a water outlet of the vacuum pipe 713.

In the process of cutting accumulated ice, the size of an air source entering a vacuum generator 711 can be adjusted 712 by adjusting a vacuum degree regulating valve according to the amount of ice and melt water, so that the air pressure entering the water absorbing piece 72 is kept in a proper range, the situation that the ice is absorbed by the water absorbing piece when the pressure in the water absorbing piece 72 is too high is avoided, and residual ice and melt water cannot be completely absorbed when the pressure is lower.

Further, the water absorbing member 72 conforms to the shape of the accommodating chamber.

Further, the edges of the absorbent member 72 extend into the water entry slit 113 of the cutting assembly 10.

In the above scheme, the water absorbing piece is a water absorbing plate, the water absorbing plate is U-shaped and is located in the accommodating cavity of the cutting pipe 11, the water absorbing plate is of a hollow structure, a water absorbing seam 723 is formed in the outer circumference of the water absorbing plate, ice melt water can be absorbed into the hollow structure of the water absorbing plate through the water absorbing seam 723 and enters the water collecting container through a water outlet of the water absorbing plate, and water recycling is achieved.

The edge of the water absorption plate extends to the water absorption seam 113 between the double-layer cutting pipes 11, so that the distance between the water absorption plate and ice melt water can be shortened, when the cutting pipes 11 cut accumulated ice to generate ice melt water, the water absorption plate can absorb the ice melt water through the water absorption seam at the first time, if the edge of the water absorption plate does not extend to the position between the double-layer cutting pipes, the ice melt water enters the water absorption seam 723 through the water inlet seam 113, part of the ice melt water can fall into other places through the interval between the water inlet seam 113 and the water absorption seam 723, and the ice melt water cannot be completely absorbed.

Further, the water absorbing member 72 includes an upper water absorbing plate 721 and a lower water absorbing plate 722, and the water absorbing slit 723 is formed between the upper water absorbing plate 721 and the lower water absorbing plate 722.

In the scheme, the water absorbing part 72 is a water absorbing plate and is composed of an upper water absorbing plate 721 and a lower water absorbing plate 722, a gap is arranged between the upper water absorbing plate 721 and the lower water absorbing plate 722, the gap is a water absorbing seam 723, the tail ends of the upper water absorbing plate 721 and the lower water absorbing plate 722 are in transition closed connection through an arc, the tail ends of the upper water absorbing plate 721 and the lower water absorbing plate 722 are provided with water outlets, and the water outlets are connected with a vacuum generator 711.

Further, the water absorbable ice-shaped cutter further comprises a cooling component 20, wherein the cooling component 20 is positioned above and/or below the water absorbing component 70, and an air inlet of the cooling component 20 is connected with a cold air outlet of the air supply component 50.

In the above solution, the water absorption assembly 70 includes a water absorption plate, the cooling assembly 20 is preferably a cooling plate 21, the shapes of the water absorption plate and the cooling plate 21 are both set to be the same as the U shape of the cutting pipe 11, when installing, a worker can break the cutting pipe 11 to enlarge the area of the accommodating cavity, and then put the cooling plate 21 and the water absorption plate into the accommodating cavity at a proper position, the worker loosens the cutting pipe 11, the cutting pipe 11 will recover the original shape, and clamp the cooling plate 21 and the water absorption plate in the accommodating cavity, so that the cooling plate 21 and the water absorption plate are installed in the cutting pipe 11, when the cooling plate 21 or the water absorption plate is damaged, the cooling plate 21 or the water absorption plate can be detached and replaced separately, or when the cutting pipe 11 is damaged, the cooling plate 21 or the water absorption plate can be detached and replaced separately; in addition, the connection between the cooling plate 21 and the cutting pipe 11, the connection between the suction plate and the cutting pipe 11 can also be realized by gluing or welding;

the cutting pipe 11, the cooling plate 21 and the water absorption plate are located in a U-shaped accommodating cavity of the cutting pipe, and when the number of the cooling plates 21 is 1, the cooling plate 21 can be arranged above the upper surface of the water absorption plate, or the cooling plate 21 can be arranged below the lower surface of the water absorption plate; when the number of cooling plates is 2, the suction plate is located between the two cooling plates 21, i.e. 1 cooling plate 21 is arranged above the upper surface and below the lower surface of the suction plate, respectively.

The air inlet 212 of the cooling assembly 20 is connected with the cold air outlet of the air supply assembly 50, and when the high-temperature cutting assembly 10 cuts accumulated ice, the cooling assembly 20 can timely cool the ice around the cutting assembly 10, so that the ice is prevented from melting, and the shape of the ice is influenced.

Preferentially, the cooling plate 21 is set to be a hollow structure, the cooling plate 21 is evenly provided with a plurality of cooling holes 211 at intervals on the upper surface or the lower surface close to the accumulated ice, the air inlet 212 of the cooling plate 21 is communicated with the cold air outlet of the air supply system 50, so that cold air enters the hollow structure of the cooling plate 21, then the cold air is sprayed out through the cooling holes 211 on the upper surface and/or the lower surface of the cooling plate 21, the ice around the cutting pipe 11 during cutting is cooled, the cutting area can be well protected, the accumulated ice can not be excessively melted during cutting, and the integrity of the ice shape of the cutting part is ensured.

Preferably, the cooling plate 21 is made of a metal material such as aluminum or copper, and the metal material can ensure that the cooling plate 21 is relatively easy to form and ensure the strength of the cooling plate 21.

Preferably, the surface of the cold plate 21 is coated with a layer of modified polytetrafluoroethylene, because the modified polytetrafluoroethylene has high self-wettability and hydrophobicity, the ice can be prevented from being frozen again after being melted into water, so as to ensure that the cutting process of the cutting pipe 11 is smooth, if the surface of the cold plate 21 is not coated with a hydrophobic material such as modified polytetrafluoroethylene, the water melted by the ice can easily adhere to the surface of the cold plate 21 after entering the cold plate 21 during the cutting process, and because the temperature of the cold plate 21 is low, the water is easily frozen on the surface of the cold plate 21, possibly blocking the cooling holes 211, so that the cooling effect on the ice during the cutting process is poor, and the guarantee degree of the ice shape is reduced.

Preferably, the sum of the thicknesses of the cooling plate 21 and the water absorbing member 72 in the U-shaped accommodating cavity of the cutting pipe 11 cannot be higher than the horizontal plane of the cutting pipe 11, so as to avoid affecting the shape of ice during cutting, and to keep a certain distance between the cooling plate 21 and the ice, so that the cold air in the cooling plate 21 can be smoothly sprayed out, and the accumulated ice around the cold air can be cooled.

When the ice-shaped cutting machine is used for cutting, cold air generated by the outlet of the vortex tube 53 is used for the cutting part, auxiliary cooling measures such as a refrigerant and the like are not needed, the ice-shaped fidelity is improved, and the test cost and the operation difficulty are reduced.

Therefore, according to the water-absorbable ice-shaped cutter provided by the embodiment of the invention, high-temperature hot gas is used as a heat source to be supplied to the cutting assembly 10 to cut accumulated ice, cold air is used as a coolant to be sprayed out of the cooling assembly 21, and negative-pressure gas is used as suction power of the water absorption assembly 70, so that the cutting temperature, the cooling temperature and the water absorption can be adjusted at any time according to the cutting condition of the accumulated ice in the process of cutting the accumulated ice, and the ice shape is accurate and the fidelity is high.

When the water-absorbable ice-shaped cutter provided by the invention is used for cutting, the cutting assembly 10 is used for cutting accumulated ice, the cooling assembly 21 is used for cooling the environment around the cutting assembly, the water absorbing assembly 70 is used for absorbing ice and melt water generated in the cutting process of the cutting assembly, and the cooling assembly and the water absorbing assembly 70 ensure that the ice shape cut by the cutting assembly has high fidelity.

In the prior art, when the ice shape is cut by adopting the profile hot knife, a plurality of persons are required to work cooperatively, 1 person is responsible for the hot knife, and 2-3 persons use the quick-freezing agent to cool accumulated ice on the surface of the ice knife, so that the ice shape is prevented from being damaged by excessive melting of the accumulated ice, and the efficiency is low; the water-absorbable ice-shaped cutter adopted in the invention can be completed by only 1 person, specifically, in the process of ice accumulation cutting, the cooling assembly 20 is arranged in the accommodating cavity of the cutting assembly 10, and the hot air entering the cutting assembly 10 and the cold air for cooling the assembly are controlled by adjusting the air supply device 50, so that the continuous heating of the cutting assembly 10 and the cooling of the environment around the cutting assembly 10 are realized in the cutting process, the ice shape damage of melted ice is prevented, and the cutting efficiency is high.

According to the invention, the low-temperature cooling plate 21 is adopted, low-temperature gas sprayed by the cooling plate during cutting can well protect a cutting area, accumulated ice can not be excessively melted, the completeness of ice shape of a cutting part is ensured, cold air at the outlet of a vortex tube is used for the cutting part during cutting, auxiliary cooling measures such as additional use of refrigerant and the like are not needed, the fidelity of the ice shape is improved, and the test cost and the operation difficulty are reduced.

Further, the water supply assembly 30 includes: the water supply assembly 30 includes a water supply pipe 31, and a water amount control valve 32, and the water amount control valve 32 is installed on the water supply pipe 31.

In the above scheme, the water amount control valve 32 may be installed at any position of the water supply pipe 31, when the high-temperature water vapor in the cutting pipe 11 is insufficient, the water amount control valve 32 adjusts to increase the amount of water entering the ejector 60, and when the high-temperature water vapor in the cutting pipe 11 is excessive, the amount of water entering the ejector 60 may be decreased by controlling the water amount control valve 32; the water supply amount can be adjusted at any time according to the requirements of the cutting process through the water amount control valve 32, the smooth proceeding of the cutting process is ensured, and the ice shape cutting fidelity is high.

Further, the gas supply assembly 50 includes: the device comprises a gas supply pipe 51, a vortex tube power regulating valve 52, a vortex tube 53, a vortex tube flow distribution regulating valve 54 and a hot gas pipe 55;

the air inlet of the air supply pipe 51 is connected with a high-pressure air source, the air outlet of the air supply pipe 51 is connected with the air inlet of the vortex tube 53, and the vortex tube power regulating valve 52 is installed on the vortex tube 53;

the cold air outlet of the vortex tube 53 is connected with the air inlet of the cooling assembly 20, and the hot air outlet of the vortex tube 53 is connected with the air inlet of the hot air tube 55;

the air outlet of the hot air pipe 55 is connected with the air inlet of the ejector 60, and the vortex tube flow distribution regulating valve 54 is installed on the hot air pipe 55;

the air inlet, the cold air outlet and the hot air outlet of the vortex tube 53 are communicated with each other.

In the above scheme, one end of the gas supply pipe 51 is connected with the high-pressure gas source, and the other end is connected with the gas inlet of the vortex tube 53, when the high-pressure gas source enters the vortex tube 53 through the gas supply pipe 51, the high-pressure gas source is divided into cold gas and hot gas, the gas supply pipe 51 is also provided with a vortex tube power regulating valve 52, and the amount of the high-pressure gas source entering the vortex tube 53 is regulated through the vortex tube power regulating valve 52; the cold air generated by the vortex tube 53 is used for cooling the ice in the cutting area by the cooling plate 21, the hot air enters the ejector 60 through the hot air tube, and the vortex tube 53 flow distribution adjusting valve is mounted on the hot air tube and used for controlling the size of the hot air entering the cutting tube 11, so that the temperature of the cutting tube 11 is controlled.

Example 2:

this embodiment 2 provides an ice measuring device (not shown in the drawings) comprising a measuring frame, a measuring plate, a paper sheet, and a water absorbable ice cutter according to any one of embodiments 1, wherein the paper sheet is placed on the measuring plate, the measuring plate and the ice cutter are mounted on the frame, the measuring plate and the ice cutter are movable up and down along the frame, and the measuring plate is located above the ice cutter.

In the scheme, the ice-shaped cutter is slidably mounted on the measuring bracket, the measuring plate is also slidably mounted on the measuring bracket, the measuring plate is mounted above the ice-shaped cutter, and by moving the position of the ice-shaped cutter relative to the measuring bracket, the ice-shaped cutter is firstly moved to one side of the aircraft model to be cut, and then moved along the arc of the part of the aircraft model to be cut and cut until the required ice shape is cut; and then moving the position of the measuring plate on the measuring bracket to the cut ice shape, and measuring the ice shape at the position.

By the measuring device, the shape of the cutting assembly 10 in the ice-shaped cutter is not customized in advance according to the profile of the aircraft model, and the cutting assembly 10 can cut and obtain the ice shapes of different target positions by freely moving in different directions on the measuring bracket. The ice shape measuring device can cut ice shapes at different positions of the aircraft model through the ice shape cutter, and has high ice shape fidelity and wide application range.

Example 3:

as shown in fig. 11, the present embodiment 3 provides a method for performing ice shape measurement by using the above-mentioned ice shape measuring apparatus, including the following steps:

step S10: an ice-shaped measuring device as described in example 2 was arranged in a wind tunnel;

step S20: adjusting the height of the ice-shaped cutter relative to the measuring bracket to a target height of the ice-shaped position to be measured;

step S30: horizontally moving the ice-shaped cutter to a target height on one side of the aircraft model, and performing telescopic motion on the ice-shaped cutter along the aircraft model until a gap is cut, stopping moving the ice-shaped cutter, and moving the ice-shaped cutter away from the aircraft model;

step S40: adjusting the height of the measuring plate to be consistent with the height of the ice-shaped cutter during cutting;

step S50: horizontally moving the measuring plate to a cutting gap, and inserting pre-cut check paper with a leading edge profile consistent with an aircraft model into the gap between the accumulated ice at the cutting part and the measuring plate;

step S60: the ice shape at the cutting position was traced on the paper grid using a pen.

In the above scheme, step S10: arranging an ice-shaped measuring device in a suitable position in the wind tunnel; step S20: adjusting the height of the ice-shaped cutter, and moving the ice-shaped cutter to a target height of an ice-shaped position to be measured along the vertical direction of the measuring bracket; step S30: horizontally moving the ice-shaped cutter along the direction vertical to the vertical direction of the measuring bracket and towards the direction close to the aircraft model until the ice-shaped cutter moves to one side of the aircraft model, cutting the ice-shaped cutter along the contour of the surface of the aircraft model until an ice-shaped gap needing to be measured is cut, stopping working of the ice-shaped cutter, and horizontally moving the ice-shaped cutter to an initial state; step S40: adjusting the height of the measuring plate, and moving the measuring plate to a target height position of an ice-shaped position to be measured along the vertical direction of the measuring bracket, namely moving the measuring plate to the height of the ice-shaped cutter during cutting; step S50: horizontally moving the measuring plate to a cutting gap, and inserting pre-cut check paper with a leading edge profile consistent with the aircraft model into the gap between the accumulated ice at the cutting part and the measuring plate until the measuring plate is clamped with the aircraft model; step S60: the ice shape at the cutting position was traced on the paper grid using a pen. The staff uses the pen to draw the outline of the ice shape on the measuring plate; then, if the ice shape of the aircraft model at other positions needs to be measured, the steps S20-S60 are repeated.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.