阅读说明：本技术 自容式海洋温度和湍流热耗散率测量方法及同步测量仪 (Self-contained ocean temperature and turbulent heat dissipation rate measuring method and synchronous measuring instrument ) 是由 郭双喜 岑显荣 鲁远征 屈玲 黄鹏起 韩广辉 周生启 于 2021-06-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种自容式海洋温度和湍流热耗散率测量方法及同步测量仪,本发明属于海洋观测技术领域,尤其是海洋湍流混合观测领域,涉及温度和湍流热耗散率同步观测的仪器及方法。一种自容式海洋温度和湍流热耗散率同步测量仪,包括热敏电阻、控制仓、和电池仓三个部分；所述热敏电阻为两根,设置在控制仓的头部；所述控制仓内部设置有主控制单元和数据采集存储单元,数据采集存储单元与热敏电阻相连,主控制单元与数据采集存储单元相连；所述电池仓设置在控制仓的尾部,通过减震连接器与控制仓相连。本发明结构简单,尺寸小巧,固定在海洋潜标的锚系或其他观测平台上,通过热敏电阻测得温度数据,并反演出湍流热耗散率,从而实现海洋温度和湍流混合的同步测量。(The invention discloses a self-contained ocean temperature and turbulent heat dissipation rate measuring method and a synchronous measuring instrument, belongs to the technical field of ocean observation, particularly relates to the field of ocean turbulent mixed observation, and relates to an instrument and a method for synchronously observing temperature and turbulent heat dissipation rate. A self-contained ocean temperature and turbulent heat dissipation rate synchronous measuring instrument comprises a thermistor, a control cabin and a battery cabin; the two thermistors are arranged at the head part of the control bin; a main control unit and a data acquisition and storage unit are arranged in the control bin, the data acquisition and storage unit is connected with the thermistor, and the main control unit is connected with the data acquisition and storage unit; the battery compartment is arranged at the tail part of the control compartment and is connected with the control compartment through a damping connector. The device has simple structure and small size, is fixed on an anchor system of an ocean submerged buoy or other observation platforms, measures temperature data through the thermistor, and inverts the turbulent heat dissipation rate, thereby realizing the synchronous measurement of ocean temperature and turbulent flow mixing.)

1. A self-contained ocean temperature and turbulent heat dissipation rate measurement method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

acquiring temperature data of the seawater in an observation period according to temperature data fed back by the thermistor;

selecting temperature data measured by two thermistors in a time period from the temperature data;

calculating the temperature shearing in the time period according to the temperature data measured by the two thermistors;

calculating a power spectrum of the temperature shearing in the time period through Fourier transform according to the obtained temperature shearing;

and calculating the turbulent heat dissipation rate in the time period by a turbulent heat dissipation rate formula according to the obtained power spectrum.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the temperature data measured by the two thermistors for a time period Δ T is T₁(T) and T₂(t), then the temperature shear is:

T_x(t)＝(T₁(t)-T₂(t))/L

wherein L is the distance between the two thermistors.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the power spectrum of the temperature shear is Φ_Tx(f) And f denotes the frequency, the turbulent heat dissipation rate χ is:

wherein f is₀And f_cut-offRespectively the start and end frequencies of the integration.

4. A self-contained ocean temperature and turbulent heat dissipation rate synchronous measuring instrument, which is carried out by using the measuring method of claims 1-3, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:

the thermistor is arranged at the head of the control cabin and is used for acquiring ocean temperature data;

a control cabin, which is internally provided with a main control unit and a data acquisition and storage unit, wherein the data acquisition and storage unit is connected with the thermistor, the main control unit is connected with the data acquisition and storage unit, and,

and the battery bin is connected to the tail part of the control bin through a damping connector and used for providing electric energy.

5. The synchronous measuring instrument of self-contained ocean temperature and turbulent heat dissipation rate according to claim 4, wherein the number of the thermistors is two.

6. The synchronous measuring instrument of self-contained ocean temperature and turbulent heat dissipation rate according to claim 4, wherein the distance between the two thermistors is 1 mm-10 mm.

7. The synchronous measuring instrument of self-contained ocean temperature and turbulent heat dissipation rate according to claim 4, wherein the control cabin and the battery cabin are made of titanium alloy pressure-resistant material and have a diameter of 1 cm-2 cm.

8. The synchronous measuring instrument for self-contained ocean temperature and turbulent heat dissipation rate as claimed in claim 4, wherein the tail of the battery chamber is provided with a fixing snap ring for fixing the synchronous measuring instrument for self-contained ocean temperature and turbulent heat dissipation rate on other objects.

9. The synchronous measuring instrument for self-contained ocean temperature and turbulent heat dissipation rate according to claim 4, wherein the length of the synchronous measuring instrument for self-contained ocean temperature and turbulent heat dissipation rate is 5 cm-20 cm.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of marine observation, in particular to the field of marine turbulence mixed observation, and specifically relates to a self-contained marine temperature and turbulence heat dissipation rate measuring method and a synchronous measuring instrument.

Background

The ocean turbulent mixing process is one of the most main power processes in the ocean and has an important modulation effect on the ocean multi-scale power process. On one hand, the kinetic energy of large and medium scale structures in the ocean is transferred to small scale through a cascade process and is finally dissipated through turbulent mixing; turbulent mixing, on the other hand, lifts deep seawater, maintaining a tumbling circulation of the global ocean. The characteristic quantities of the ocean turbulent mixing, such as turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate, turbulent heat dissipation rate and the like, need to be realized through field observation.

The traditional ocean turbulence mixing observation instrument is a free-falling profile observation instrument, such as a turbulence ocean microstructure observation instrument (TurboMap), a vertical microstructure profile instrument (VMP) and the like, and has the main defects that: needs to be connected with a mother ship deck unit through a communication umbilical cable; only single section observation can be carried out, and long-time observation cannot be carried out; the size is large, the operation is complex, the price is high, and high manpower and material resources and ship observation time are required to be occupied. The disposable turbulent mixing observer (such as ZL 201610888759.7) invented by the oceanographic scholars recently overcomes the defect that the traditional turbulent mixing observer needs a communication umbilical cable, but the measuring unit of the observer cannot be recycled, so that the cost is further increased.

Another observation technique for observing turbulent mixing in the ocean in recent years is based on an anchored shear flow observer. The scheme is that the turbulent dissipation rate is inverted through flow velocity shear data measured by a shear flow observer. Although the scheme can be used for long-term observation of turbulent mixing, the scheme is based on the turbulent Taylor freezing theory, and the flow velocity is required in the process of inverting the turbulent dissipation ratio, so that additional flow velocity observation instruments, such as an acoustic Doppler flow profiler (ADCP), an acoustic Doppler point type current velocity meter (ADV), a current meter (such as ZL 201410852813.3) and the like, are required for flow velocity observation, and the complexity and the economic cost of the observation are greatly increased.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a self-contained ocean temperature and turbulent flow heat dissipation rate measuring method and a synchronous measuring instrument, which can realize long-time synchronous measurement of the temperature and the turbulent flow heat dissipation rate, have small size and simple operation, and can greatly save manpower, material resources and cost required by the traditional turbulent flow mixing observation mode.

In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:

a self-contained ocean temperature and turbulent heat dissipation rate measurement method, comprising:

obtaining seawater temperature data in an observation period according to temperature data fed back by the thermistor;

selecting temperature data measured by two thermistors in a time period from the temperature data;

calculating the temperature shearing in the time period according to the temperature data measured by the two thermistors;

calculating a power spectrum of the temperature shearing in the time period through Fourier transform according to the obtained temperature shearing;

and calculating the turbulent heat dissipation rate in the time period by a turbulent heat dissipation rate formula according to the obtained power spectrum.

The method for measuring self-contained ocean temperature and turbulent heat dissipation rate further comprises setting the temperature data of two end points of a time period delta T as T₁(T) and T₂(t), then the temperature shear is:

T_x(t)＝(T₁(t)-T₂(t))/L

wherein L is the distance between the two thermistors.

The method for measuring the self-contained ocean temperature and turbulent heat dissipation rate further comprises the step of setting the power spectrum of temperature shearing as phi_Tx(f) And f denotes the frequency, the turbulent heat dissipation rate χ is:

wherein f is₀And f_cut-offRespectively the start and end frequencies of the integration.

A self-contained ocean temperature and turbulent heat dissipation rate synchronous measuring instrument, which is carried out by using the measuring method, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:

the thermistor is arranged at the head of the control cabin and is used for acquiring ocean temperature data;

a control cabin, which is internally provided with a main control unit and a data acquisition and storage unit, wherein the data acquisition and storage unit is connected with the thermistor, the main control unit is connected with the data acquisition and storage unit, and,

and the battery bin is connected to the tail part of the control bin through a damping connector and used for providing electric energy.

The self-contained ocean temperature and turbulent heat dissipation rate synchronous measuring instrument is characterized in that the number of the thermistors is two.

The self-contained ocean temperature and turbulent heat dissipation rate synchronous measuring instrument further comprises two thermistors, wherein the distance between the two thermistors is 1-10 mm.

The self-contained ocean temperature and turbulent heat dissipation rate synchronous measuring instrument further comprises a control cabin and a battery cabin which are made of titanium alloy pressure-resistant materials, wherein the diameters of the control cabin and the battery cabin are 1 cm-2 cm.

The self-contained ocean temperature and turbulent heat dissipation rate synchronous measuring instrument is characterized in that the tail part of the battery cabin is provided with a fixing snap ring for fixing the self-contained ocean temperature and turbulent heat dissipation rate synchronous measuring instrument on other objects.

The self-contained ocean temperature and turbulent heat dissipation rate synchronous measuring instrument further has the length of 5 cm-20 cm.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the invention can realize the long-time synchronous measurement of two parameters of ocean temperature and turbulent heat dissipation rate;

(2) the invention does not need a communication umbilical cable, does not need flow velocity observation, has small structure and simple operation, and can greatly save the manpower, material resources, financial resources and time cost during ocean site observation.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a self-contained ocean temperature and turbulent heat dissipation rate synchronous measuring instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a control portion of the middle circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

in the figure: 1. a thermistor; 2. a control cabin; 3. a battery compartment; 201. a main control unit; 202. a data acquisition and storage unit; 301. a shock absorbing connector; 302. and fixing the retaining ring.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Example (b):

it should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present invention and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

It will be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "transverse," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in an orientation or positional relationship indicated in the drawings for convenience and simplicity of description only and do not indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be considered as limiting the invention.

In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise. Furthermore, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, as they may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

Referring to fig. 1 to 2, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a self-contained ocean temperature and turbulent heat dissipation rate synchronous measuring instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a control portion of a middle circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1, the self-contained ocean temperature and turbulent heat dissipation rate synchronous measuring instrument of the present embodiment includes three parts, namely two thermistors 1 at the head, a control cabin 2 and a battery cabin 3. The outer shape of this example is cylindrical, with a length of 15cm and a diameter of 1.0 cm. The shell is made of titanium alloy pressure-resistant material, and can bear the pressure-resistant strength of 6000m water depth.

The thermistor 1 is arranged at the head of the control cabin 2 and is packaged by seawater-proof AB glue, and the distance between the two thermistors is 3 mm.

The control cabin 2 is internally provided with a main control unit 201 and a data acquisition and storage unit 202, the data acquisition and storage unit 202 is connected with the thermistor 1, and the main control unit 201 is connected with the data acquisition and storage unit 202. The main function of the main control unit 201 is to perform command interaction between an instrument and client software and configure sampling parameters (such as sampling start time, duration, sampling frequency, etc.), and the main function of the data acquisition and storage unit 202 is to control data acquisition, conversion and storage. The outer surface of the control bin 2 can be cut into a hexagon, so that the control bin 2 and the battery bin 3 can be screwed and loosened conveniently.

The battery compartment 3 is arranged at the tail part of the control compartment and is connected with the control compartment 2 through a damping connector 301. The shock absorption connector 301 can adopt an ocean waterproof sealing rubber ring, and mainly has the functions of reducing external noise when the thermistor 1 is sampled and carrying out waterproof sealing between the control bin 2 and the battery bin 3. The dry cell is arranged in the battery chamber and provides power for the self-contained ocean temperature and turbulent flow heat dissipation rate synchronous measuring instrument when in work. The tail part of the battery chamber is provided with a fixing retaining ring 302 for fixing the self-contained ocean temperature and turbulent heat dissipation rate synchronous measuring instrument on other objects.

When the device is used, the self-contained ocean temperature and turbulent heat dissipation rate synchronous measuring instrument is fixed on an anchor system of an ocean submerged buoy, and long-time fixed-point observation is carried out. And observing the temperature of the water body through the thermistor, and storing the data in a self-contained manner in real time. After recovery, the turbulent heat dissipation rate is obtained through inversion of temperature data measured by the two thermistors, so that long-term synchronous observation of the ocean temperature and the turbulent heat dissipation rate is realized.

The following describes the steps of the self-contained instrument for synchronously measuring the ocean temperature and the turbulent heat dissipation rate, and implementing the synchronous measurement of the ocean temperature and the turbulent heat dissipation rate:

(1) the temperature data in the whole observation period is measured by two thermistors fixed in the sea for a long time on the self-contained ocean temperature and turbulent heat dissipation rate synchronous measuring instrument of the embodiment.

(2) Taking temperature data in one period of time delta T, which are respectively T₁(T) and T₂(t), the delta t is generally taken for 3 minutes to 3 hours according to the difference of the turbulence intensity of the seawater;

(3) calculate the temperature shear over this time period: t is_x(t)＝(T₁(t)-T₂(t))/L, where L is the distance between the two thermistors, in this example L is 3 mm;

(4) calculating the power spectrum phi of the temperature shear Tx (t) in the time period by Fourier transform_Tx(f) Where f denotes frequency;

(5) and calculating the turbulent heat dissipation rate in the time period by a turbulent heat dissipation rate formula. Turbulent heat dissipation rate is formulated as

In the formula f₀And f_cut-offRespectively the start and end frequencies of the integration, f₀Generally 1, f_cut-offTaking the power spectrum phi_Tx(f) The upper frequency limit of the portion not contaminated by noise.

(6) And (5) calculating to obtain the turbulent heat dissipation rate in the whole observation period according to the steps (2) to (5).

Through the steps, the seawater temperature and the turbulent heat dissipation rate of the measuring position in the observation period are obtained.

In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.

The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention accordingly, and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention accordingly. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit of the present disclosure are intended to be covered by the scope of the present disclosure.