阅读说明：本技术 一种用于沉孔深度修正的液体垫片成型方法及模具 (Liquid gasket forming method and die for correcting depth of counter bore ) 是由 程晖 刘盈利 骆彬 史越 王塬欣 冯孟飞 张开富 于 2020-11-25 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种用于沉孔深度修正的液体垫片成型方法及模具,方法包括以下步骤：模具设计制造,模具包括相互连接的沉头部和圆柱部,沉头部尺寸与所选用沉头螺栓的螺栓沉头尺寸相同,圆柱部直径与通孔直径相同,模具的总长度与连接孔总长度相同,且圆柱部端面与模具轴线垂直；模具安装,将上连接件固定在水平平面上,连接孔底面与水平平面贴合,将模具放入连接孔内,且保持圆柱部端面与水平平面贴合；液体垫片成型,将液体垫片材料倒入并充满模具与沉孔的间隙,液体垫片材料固化后完成液体垫片的成型。通过上述步骤保证了成型的液体垫片能够准确补偿沉孔深度偏差,最大程度的降低连接过程中出现的沉孔孔周损伤,保证了连接结构的安全性、可靠性。(The invention discloses a liquid gasket molding method and a die for correcting the depth of a counter bore, wherein the method comprises the following steps: designing and manufacturing a die, wherein the die comprises a countersunk head part and a cylindrical part which are connected with each other, the size of the countersunk head part is the same as that of a bolt countersunk head of a selected countersunk bolt, the diameter of the cylindrical part is the same as that of a through hole, the total length of the die is the same as that of a connecting hole, and the end surface of the cylindrical part is vertical to the axis of the die; mounting a mould, namely fixing the upper connecting piece on a horizontal plane, fitting the bottom surface of the connecting hole with the horizontal plane, putting the mould into the connecting hole, and keeping the end surface of the cylindrical part fitted with the horizontal plane; and (3) forming the liquid gasket, pouring the liquid gasket material into the mold and filling the gap between the mold and the counter bore, and curing the liquid gasket material to complete the forming of the liquid gasket. Through the steps, the formed liquid gasket can accurately compensate the depth deviation of the counter bore, the damage of the periphery of the counter bore in the connection process is reduced to the maximum extent, and the safety and the reliability of the connection structure are guaranteed.)

1. A liquid gasket forming method for correcting the depth of a counter bore is characterized by comprising the following steps: the upper connecting piece to be connected is provided with a connecting hole, and the connecting hole comprises a counter bore section and a through hole section which are connected with each other; comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,

1) designing and manufacturing a die, wherein the die comprises a countersunk head part and a cylindrical part which are connected with each other, the size of the countersunk head part is the same as that of a bolt countersunk head of a selected countersunk bolt, the diameter of the cylindrical part is the same as that of the through hole, the total length of the die is the same as that of the connecting hole, and the end surface of the cylindrical part is perpendicular to the axis of the die;

2) mounting a mould, namely fixing the upper connecting piece on a horizontal plane, attaching the bottom surface of the connecting hole to the horizontal plane, putting the mould into the connecting hole, and keeping the end surface of the cylindrical part attached to the horizontal plane;

3) and molding the liquid gasket, namely pouring a liquid gasket material into the gap between the mold and the counter bore and filling the gap with the liquid gasket material, and after the liquid gasket material is solidified, finishing the molding of the liquid gasket.

2. The method for forming a liquid shim for counterbore depth correction of claim 1 further comprising: step 2) also comprises the step of coating a release agent on the outer surface of the mould.

3. The liquid gasket molding method for counterbore depth correction according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by comprising: in the step 3), the liquid gasket material is a resin-based material and a curing agent which are mixed according to a ratio of 100: 17.

4. The method for forming a liquid shim for counterbore depth correction of claim 3 wherein: and 3) when the liquid gasket material is poured into the gap between the die and the counter bore in the step 3), ensuring that the liquid gasket material overflows the upper surface of the upper connecting piece, and then scraping the redundant liquid gasket material.

5. The method for forming a liquid shim for counterbore depth correction of claim 4 wherein: the curing process of the liquid gasket material in the step 3) is curing at room temperature for 168 h.

6. The method for forming a liquid shim for counterbore depth correction of claim 1 further comprising: and in the step 2), the end face of the cylindrical part is attached to the horizontal plane through the clamping force of a clamp.

7. The method for forming a liquid shim for counterbore depth correction of claim 1 further comprising: in the step 1), the roughness of the end face of the cylindrical part of the die is Ra0.8, and the surface roughness of the cylindrical part of the die, which is in contact with the connecting hole, is Ra1.6.

8. A liquid gasket molding die for counterbore depth correction applied to the liquid gasket molding method for counterbore depth correction recited in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: the die comprises a countersunk head part and a cylindrical part which are connected with each other, the size of the countersunk head part is the same as that of a bolt countersunk head of a selected countersunk bolt, the diameter of the cylindrical part is the same as that of a through hole below a to-be-corrected countersunk hole, the total length of the die is the same as that of the countersunk hole and the through hole, and the end face of the cylindrical part is perpendicular to the axis of the die.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of machine manufacturing, in particular to a liquid gasket forming method and a liquid gasket forming die for correcting the depth of a counter bore.

Background

In recent years, with the increasing requirements on the aerodynamic appearance and stealth performance of airplanes, the application of the countersunk head bolt in the fields of aviation and aerospace is expanding. The existing hole making equipment and process in the domestic aviation manufacturing industry are relatively lagged behind, the existing main hole making mode is that workers hold pneumatic drills to process, the processing precision of the depth of a counter bore cannot be guaranteed, and the phenomenon that the plane of a nail head and the surface of a part are uneven frequently occurs. If the stud surface is not flush with the counterbore surface, a number of problems may be associated with the aircraft structure. The countersunk head part of the countersunk head bolt bears a large amount of load when being stretched, higher stress concentration is brought to the countersunk hole of the connecting piece, the deviation of the depth of the countersunk hole can cause great stress difference between the contact surface of the countersunk hole and the bolt and the non-contact surface, the edge of the nail head is extruded to the hole wall of the countersunk hole when being stretched, great concentrated stress is caused, and the countersunk hole is more easily damaged and fails.

However, it is unreasonable to abandon the whole connecting piece when the depth deviation of the counter bore occurs in a single hole, and the current solution to the above problems is that during assembly and connection, workers apply glue and cushion according to experience, but the parallelism and thickness of the surface cannot be strictly guaranteed, so that a small gap exists between a bolt counter bore and a counter bore contact surface or the plane of the counter bore inclines, which causes great reduction in the connection strength of the counter bore bolt and the service life of the connection structure.

Therefore, how to ensure the compensation precision of the depth deviation of the counter bore, so as to ensure that the surface of the bolt countersunk head is flush with the upper surface of the structural member after the depth deviation of the counter bore is compensated, still is a problem to be solved urgently.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a liquid gasket forming method and a die for correcting the depth of a counter bore, which are used for solving the problems in the prior art, ensuring that the formed liquid gasket can accurately compensate the depth deviation of the counter bore, reducing the damage of the periphery of the counter bore in the connection process to the maximum extent, and ensuring the safety and the reliability of a connection structure, thereby improving the pneumatic appearance and the stealth capability of an airplane, and effectively ensuring the bearing strength and the service life of the airplane structure.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme: the invention provides a liquid gasket forming method for correcting the depth of a counter bore, wherein a connecting hole is formed in an upper connecting piece to be connected, and the connecting hole comprises a counter bore section and a through hole section which are connected with each other; comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,

1) designing and manufacturing a die, wherein the die comprises a countersunk head part and a cylindrical part which are connected with each other, the size of the countersunk head part is the same as that of a bolt countersunk head of a selected countersunk bolt, the diameter of the cylindrical part is the same as that of the through hole, the total length of the die is the same as that of the connecting hole, and the end surface of the cylindrical part is perpendicular to the axis of the die;

2) mounting a mould, namely fixing the upper connecting piece on a horizontal plane, attaching the bottom surface of the connecting hole to the horizontal plane, putting the mould into the connecting hole, and keeping the end surface of the cylindrical part attached to the horizontal plane;

3) and molding the liquid gasket, namely pouring a liquid gasket material into the gap between the mold and the counter bore and filling the gap with the liquid gasket material, and after the liquid gasket material is solidified, finishing the molding of the liquid gasket.

Preferably, step 2) further comprises applying a release agent on the outer surface of the mold.

Preferably, the liquid gasket material in the step 3) is a resin-based material and is mixed with a curing agent according to a ratio of 100: 17.

Preferably, when the liquid gasket material is poured into the gap between the mold and the counter bore in the step 3), the liquid gasket material is ensured to overflow the upper surface of the upper connecting piece, and then the surplus liquid gasket material is scraped.

Preferably, the curing process of the liquid gasket material in the step 3) is curing at room temperature for 168 h.

Preferably, in step 2), the end surface of the cylindrical portion is attached to the horizontal plane by a clamping force of a clamp.

Preferably, in step 1), the end face of the cylindrical portion of the mold has a roughness of ra0.8, and the cylindrical portion of the mold has a surface roughness of ra1.6 in contact with the connection hole.

The invention also aims to provide a liquid gasket forming die for correcting the depth of the counter bore, which comprises a counter bore part and a cylindrical part which are connected with each other, wherein the size of the counter bore part is the same as that of a bolt counter bore of a selected counter bore bolt, the diameter of the cylindrical part is the same as that of a through hole below the counter bore to be corrected, the total length of the die is the same as that of the counter bore hole and the through hole, and the end face of the cylindrical part is perpendicular to the axis of the die.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:

the size of the countersunk head part of the die is designed to be the same as that of the bolt countersunk head of the selected countersunk head bolt, so that the formed liquid gasket is ensured to be suitable for the selected countersunk head bolt; the diameter of the cylindrical part of the die is set to be the same as that of the through hole of the upper connecting piece, so that the die can be smoothly installed in the upper connecting plate and is easy to disassemble, and meanwhile, liquid gasket materials are prevented from flowing into a gap between the die and the through hole; the total length of the die is set to be the same as the total length of the connecting hole, so that when the liquid gasket is formed, the end face of the countersunk head part of the die is enabled to be flush with the upper surface of the upper connecting piece by attaching the lower end face of the die to the horizontal plane, and the forming size of the liquid gasket is further enabled to accurately guarantee the flatness between the installed countersunk head bolt and the surface of the upper connecting piece; through the arrangement, the formed liquid gasket can be finally ensured to accurately compensate the depth deviation of the counter bore, the damage of the periphery of the counter bore in the connection process is reduced to the maximum extent, and the safety and the reliability of the connection structure are ensured.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an unlaminated structural member connection;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a mold structure;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a liquid shim being formed;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the connection of structural members after a liquid gasket is used to compensate for a counterbore depth deviation;

wherein, 1, connecting piece; 2. a lower connecting piece; 3. a countersunk bolt; 4. a counter bore; 5. a through hole; 6. a mold; 7. a countersunk head part; 8. a cylindrical portion; 9. a liquid shim.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The invention aims to provide a liquid gasket forming method and a die for correcting the depth of a counter bore, which are used for solving the problems in the prior art, ensuring that the formed liquid gasket can accurately compensate the depth deviation of the counter bore, reducing the damage of the periphery of the counter bore in the connection process to the maximum extent, and ensuring the safety and the reliability of a connection structure, thereby improving the pneumatic appearance and the stealth capability of an airplane, and effectively ensuring the bearing strength and the service life of the airplane structure.

In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.

Please refer to fig. 1-4.

Example one

The embodiment provides a liquid gasket forming method for correcting the depth of a counter bore, in the embodiment, an upper connecting piece 1 and a lower connecting piece 2 need to be connected, a connecting hole is formed in the upper connecting piece 1 to be connected, the connecting hole comprises a counter bore 4 section and a through hole 5 section which are connected with each other, and as the depth of the counter bore 4 in the upper connecting piece 1 is larger than the bolt counter bore depth of a counter bore bolt 3 in machining deviation, the phenomenon that the end face of the counter bore bolt 3 is not flush with the end face of the upper connecting piece 1 when the counter bore bolt 3 is directly installed for connection is caused, as shown in fig. 1, the depth deviation correction needs to be carried out on the; in this embodiment, countersunk head bolt 3 is a titanium alloy countersunk head high-locking bolt, the nominal diameter is 8mm, the countersunk head angle of the bolt is 90 °, the diameter of through hole 5 on upper connecting piece 1 is 7.882mm, countersunk head bolt 3 and through hole 5 are in interference fit, the depth of countersunk hole 4 is 2.5mm, the deviation amount is 0.5mm, the total length of the connecting hole, namely the thickness of the upper connecting plate, is 5mm, the depth deviation of countersunk hole 4 is corrected by adding liquid gasket 9, and the forming method of liquid gasket 9 comprises the following steps:

1) designing and manufacturing a mould 6, wherein the mould 6 comprises a countersunk head part 7 and a cylindrical part 8 which are connected with each other, the size of the countersunk head part 7 is the same as that of a bolt countersunk head of the selected countersunk head bolt 3, in the embodiment, the angle of the countersunk head part 7 is set to be 90 degrees, the depth is 2.0mm, and the diameter is also the same as that of the bolt countersunk head of the countersunk head bolt 3; the diameter of the cylindrical part 8 is 7.882mm which is the same as the diameter of the through hole 5, the total length of the die 6 is 5mm which is the same as the total length of the connecting hole, and the end surface of the cylindrical part 8 is vertical to the axis of the die 6; the mold 6 is manufactured by the above-described structure, and the mold 6 may be made of a metal material or a material such as resin, and in the present embodiment, a metal material is preferable;

in order to improve the forming precision of the final liquid gasket 9, the machining precision of the mold 6 needs to be ensured, and meanwhile, in the embodiment, the roughness of the end face of the cylindrical part 8 of the mold 6 is set to be Ra0.8, and the surface roughness of the cylindrical part 8 in contact with the connecting hole is set to be Ra1.6;

2) the installation of the mould 6, fix the upper link 1 on the horizontal plane, the horizontal plane is a high-accuracy horizontal work station in this embodiment, the bottom surface of attachment hole is laminated with upper surface of the work station, put the mould 6 into attachment hole, because the size of cylindrical portion 8 of the mould 6 is the same as the size of through-hole 5 of the upper link 1, put the mould 6 into attachment hole and can realize the coaxial installation of mould 6 and attachment hole, and need to keep the end surface of cylindrical portion 8 and upper surface of the work station to laminate after installing, thus guarantee the flush state of upper surface of the mould 6 and upper surface of the upper link 1 indirectly, can adopt clamps such as G-type clamp, etc. to clamp the mould 6 on the horizontal work station, in order to prevent the mould 6 from causing the end surface of cylindrical portion 8 and surface of the horizontal work station to appear the interval under the influence of factors such as external force;

in order to facilitate the subsequent demolding operation, in this embodiment, preferably, a mold release agent is coated on the outer surface of the mold 6, and then the mold 6 is placed in the connecting hole;

3) the liquid gasket 9 is formed, firstly, a liquid gasket material is prepared, the resin-based material and the curing agent are mixed according to the proportion of 100:17, in the embodiment, the resin-based material is preferably epoxy resin, and the surface area of the resin-based material contacted with air is reduced as much as possible while the resin-based material and the curing agent are fully mixed by slow stirring, so that the phenomenon that bubbles are generated inside to influence the use performance of the liquid gasket 9 is avoided; the preparation process of the liquid gasket material can also be carried out before the step 2); when the liquid gasket material is prepared in advance, the mixing preparation amount is not more than 450g, and if the mixing amount is too large, heat accumulation is caused, so that certain danger is caused;

pouring the prepared liquid gasket material into the gap between the die 6 and the counter bore 4 and filling the gap with the prepared liquid gasket material; in order to more fully fill the gap between the die 6 and the counterbore 4, in the embodiment, the liquid gasket material is preferably overflowed on the upper surface of the upper connecting piece 1, and then the redundant liquid gasket material is scraped; after curing for 168 hours at room temperature, the liquid gasket 9 is molded, and the curing time can be adjusted correspondingly according to actual conditions so as to be fully cured and obtain corresponding strength; then the die 6 is disassembled, the die 6 can be ejected out through a tool, the liquid gasket 9 and the upper connecting piece 1 do not need to be disassembled, if burrs exist on the liquid gasket 9, the liquid gasket can be further polished, and the flatness of the surface of the liquid gasket 9 is ensured;

the correction to the depth deviation of the counter bore 4 is completed in the above process, and then the upper connecting piece 1 and the lower connecting piece 2 are connected through the counter bore bolt 3, namely, the surface of the counter bore bolt 3 can be ensured to be flush with the surface of the upper connecting piece 1.

Example two

In the embodiment, an upper connecting piece 1 and a lower connecting piece 2 are connected, the upper connecting piece 1 to be connected is provided with a connecting hole, the connecting hole comprises a counter bore 4 section and a through hole 5 section which are mutually connected, and as the depth of the counter bore 4 on the upper connecting piece 1 is larger than the bolt counter bore depth of a counter bore bolt 3 due to machining deviation, the counter bore bolt 3 is in clearance fit with the upper connecting piece 1; the steps of the method for forming the integrated liquid gasket 9 are similar to those of the first embodiment, wherein,

when the die 6 is designed, the size of the countersunk head part 7 of the die 6 is the same as the size of the bolt countersunk head of the selected countersunk head bolt 3, and the design size of the die 6 can be designed according to the size in the relevant standard of the countersunk head bolt 3;

the liquid gasket material is aminated epoxy resin-based two-component structural adhesive, and the material can be cured at room temperature and obtain higher strength.

The rest of the steps are the same as those in the first embodiment, and are not described herein.

EXAMPLE III

As shown in fig. 2, the present embodiment provides a liquid gasket molding die for counterbore depth correction, which is applied to the liquid gasket molding method for counterbore depth correction of the first embodiment and the second embodiment, the die 6 comprises a countersunk head part 7 and a cylindrical part 8 which are connected with each other, the size of the countersunk head part 7 is the same as that of a bolt countersunk head of the selected countersunk bolt 3, the diameter of the cylindrical part 8 is the same as that of the through hole 5 below the countersunk hole 4 to be corrected, the total length of the die 6 is the same as that of the countersunk hole 4 and the through hole 5, and the end surface of the cylindrical part 8 is vertical to the axis of the die 6, so that when the die 6 is installed in the through hole 5, the cylindrical part 8 is superposed with the through hole 5, the end surface of the cylindrical part 8 can be completely jointed with the horizontal plane, thereby avoiding the problem that the upper surface of the die 6 can not be flush with the upper surface of the upper connecting piece 1 due to the shape deviation of the lower end surface; the material of the mold 6 may be metal or resin, and in this embodiment, metal is preferred; because the die 6 only needs to ensure the external dimension and the precision, the die 6 can be made into a solid or hollow structure, and in the embodiment, the solid structure is adopted for applying ejection force during demoulding conveniently.

The adaptation according to the actual needs is within the scope of the invention.

The principle and the implementation mode of the invention are explained by applying a specific example, and the description of the embodiment is only used for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.