阅读说明：本技术 一种硫酸钾镁肥球形颗粒的制备方法 (Preparation method of potash magnesium sulphate fertilizer spherical particles ) 是由 李守江 雷光元 姚莫白 董广峰 马林 李东星 向晓成 冯立 李敬芳 于 2020-12-31 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种硫酸钾镁肥球形颗粒的制备方法,取含游离水量约为17%的精制软钾镁肥,与破碎至粒径＜2mm的返回料、其含游离水量为1.1%,按质量份9:1的比例混合均匀后得到含游离水量约为15.1%的混合料,依次进入螺旋管式整形机、圆盘造粒机、筛分得到球形钾镁肥颗粒；圆盘造粒机造粒盘的盘面上呈中心对称均匀并排着若干直径为4cm,深0.5cm的圆窝且两两外切,在每个靠近造粒盘外周缘的圆窝其内接正三角形顶点处都分别竖向设置着高4cm直径为1cm的硅胶柱,二层盘面上方设置着热风管,热风使物料温度为70-80℃,二层盘面得到的颗粒进入三层接料盘后进一步干燥后得到游离水≤1.5%钾镁肥球形颗粒成品,经筛分后得到粒度为2—4.5mm的钾镁肥球形颗粒。(The invention discloses a preparation method of spherical potash magnesium sulphate fertilizer particles, which comprises the steps of taking refined soft potash magnesium sulphate fertilizer with free water content of about 17%, uniformly mixing the refined soft potash magnesium sulphate fertilizer with return material which is crushed to the particle size of less than 2mm and has free water content of 1.1% according to the mass ratio of 9:1 to obtain a mixture with free water content of about 15.1%, sequentially feeding the mixture into a spiral tube type shaping machine, a disc granulator and screening to obtain spherical potash magnesium sulphate fertilizer particles; the disk surface of a granulating disk of the disk granulator is centrosymmetrically and uniformly arranged with a plurality of circular pits with the diameter of 4cm and the depth of 0.5cm in parallel, each circular pit close to the outer periphery of the granulating disk is externally tangent in pairs, silica gel columns with the height of 4cm and the diameter of 1cm are vertically arranged at the top points of the inscribed regular triangle of each circular pit, the top points of the two layers of disk surfaces are respectively provided with a hot air pipe, the temperature of materials is 70-80 ℃ by hot air, particles obtained from the two layers of disk surfaces enter a three-layer receiving disk and are further dried to obtain a finished product of potash magnesium fertilizer spherical particles with the free water of less than or equal to 1.5 percent, and potash magnesium fertilizer spherical particles with the particle size of 2-.)

1. The preparation method of the potash magnesium sulphate fertilizer spherical particles is characterized by comprising the following steps of: taking refined soft potassium magnesium fertilizer with free water content of about 17%, uniformly mixing with return material with free water content of 1.1% which is crushed to particle size of less than 2mm according to the mass ratio of 9:1 to obtain a mixture with free water content of about 15.1%, sequentially feeding the mixture into a spiral tube type shaping machine and a disc granulator, and screening to obtain spherical potassium magnesium fertilizer particles; wherein, the long granules with the length of 1-2 cm are discharged from a discharge port of the spiral tube type shaping machine and enter a disc granulator, the disc granulator is a three-layer vertical eccentric disc granulator, two layers of granulation discs are horizontally arranged on a central rotating shaft of the granulator in a vertical arrangement, the disc surfaces of the granulation discs are centrosymmetrically and uniformly arranged with a plurality of circular pits with the diameter of 4cm and the depth of 0.5cm and externally tangent in pairs, silica gel columns with the diameter of 1cm and the height of 4cm are vertically arranged at the top points of the inscribed regular triangles of each circular pit close to the outer periphery of the granulation disc respectively, the long granules enter one disc surface of the disc granulator and form spherical granules under the action of mechanical force and the friction force of the silica gel columns, after the spherical granules formed on the one disc surface enter two disc surfaces through a feed pipe, hot air pipes are arranged above the two disc surfaces, and the hot air pipes blow air to the two disc surfaces, the temperature of the material is 70-80 ℃ by adding hot air, soft potassium magnesium vanadium rotates along with a granulating disc while removing two crystal water and free water, particles obtained on the disc surface of the second layer enter a receiving disc of the third layer and are further dried to obtain a finished product of potassium magnesium fertilizer spherical particles with the free water of less than or equal to 1.5 percent, and the potassium magnesium fertilizer spherical particles with the particle size of 2-4.5 mm are obtained after screening.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a preparation method of potash magnesium sulphate fertilizer spherical particles.

Background

The current production methods of granular fertilizers mainly comprise three methods: extrusion, agglomeration and slurry processes.

The extrusion granulation method has simple process flow, and the powdery raw material is extruded into granules, strips or sheets under the action of mechanical extrusion. The method has simple process and high particle strength, and has the following defects: the product has irregular particles, inconvenient mechanical sowing and use, rough particle surfaces and easy powder falling in the transportation process.

The granulation method is the most commonly adopted method for granulating the compound fertilizer at present. The granulation method adjusts the moisture of the raw material mixture to reach the liquid phase amount required by granulation, and forms a granule mixture with certain particle size distribution under the action of mechanical force. The adopted equipment comprises a double-shaft granulator, a disc granulator, a sugar coating machine, a rotary drum granulator, a stirring granulator and the like.

The slurry granulation is divided into partial slurry and full slurry. The partial slurry method is similar to the pellet method except that a portion of the raw materials are fed into a granulator in the form of slurry and mixed with other raw materials, returned materials and the like for granulation. The addition of a part of slurry can simultaneously play a role in adjusting the mixed materials, the temperature and the moisture. Granulation by the full slurry method is common in two forms: one is to mix all the raw materials, disperse the formed slurry into liquid drops through a rotating spray head, and cool the liquid drops into granules in a medium such as an empty tower or oil. The other method is to prepare all the raw materials into dilute solution with relatively low temperature and concentration, and spray the solution onto a material curtain formed by a shoveling plate in a rotary device, so that the particles gradually grow to the required particle size. The full slurry process is adopted, the appearance of product particles is more round and smooth, but the one-time investment of the process is larger, so the popularization and the application of the process are limited to a certain extent.

Domestic potassium magnesium sulfate fertilizer granulation is mainly an extrusion granulation method, and has the advantages of large dust in the production process, high equipment failure rate, high maintenance cost, low molding rate, irregular product appearance and low large and large yield. The yield index of enterprises producing the spherical potash magnesium sulphate fertilizer particles is increased due to high production cost, the fact that the product nutrients do not meet the requirements of national standards due to addition of additives, low particle strength and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a method for preparing potash magnesium sulphate fertilizer spherical particles, and the obtained spherical particles have the advantages of round and smooth appearance, high forming rate, uniformity and good fluidity.

The invention aims to realize the method for preparing the potash magnesium sulphate fertilizer spherical particles, which is implemented according to the following steps: taking refined soft potassium magnesium fertilizer with free water content of about 17%, uniformly mixing with return material with free water content of 1.1% which is crushed to particle size of less than 2mm according to the mass ratio of 9:1 to obtain a mixture with free water content of about 15.1%, sequentially feeding the mixture into a spiral tube type shaping machine and a disc granulator, and screening to obtain spherical potassium magnesium fertilizer particles; wherein, the long granules with the length of 1-2 cm are discharged from a discharge port of the spiral tube type shaping machine and enter a disc granulator, the disc granulator is a three-layer vertical eccentric disc granulator, two layers of granulation discs are horizontally arranged on a central rotating shaft of the granulator in a vertical arrangement, the disc surfaces of the granulation discs are centrosymmetrically and uniformly arranged with a plurality of circular pits with the diameter of 4cm and the depth of 0.5cm and externally tangent in pairs, silica gel columns with the diameter of 1cm and the height of 4cm are vertically arranged at the top points of the inscribed regular triangles of each circular pit close to the outer periphery of the granulation disc respectively, the long granules enter one disc surface of the disc granulator and form spherical granules under the action of mechanical force and the friction force of the silica gel columns, after the spherical granules formed on the one disc surface enter two disc surfaces through a feed pipe, hot air pipes are arranged above the two disc surfaces, and the hot air pipes blow air to the two disc surfaces, the temperature of the material is 70-80 ℃ by adding hot air, soft potassium magnesium vanadium rotates along with a granulating disc while removing two crystal water and free water, particles obtained on the disc surface of the second layer enter a receiving disc of the third layer and are further dried to obtain a finished product of potassium magnesium fertilizer spherical particles with the free water of less than or equal to 1.5 percent, and the potassium magnesium fertilizer spherical particles with the particle size of 2-4.5 mm are obtained after screening.

Compared with the prior potassium magnesium fertilizer granulation technology, the invention has the characteristics that: (1) compared with other agglomeration methods, the method of the invention does not need to add agglomeration auxiliary agents, and avoids the introduction of ineffective components. The materials are granulated by a special disc granulator to obtain the potash magnesium fertilizer spherical particles meeting the national standard without further drying. The spherical particles have good uniformity, high molding rate and strength and small porosity. (2) Compared with the existing extrusion granulation: the disk granulated material has high forming rate, round and smooth particle appearance, good uniformity and fluidity, can be used in BB fertilizer, and widens the market of potash magnesium fertilizer products; the granule has high strength and good wear resistance, and reduces pulverization rate in the transportation process.

Drawings

The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of a disk pelletizer;

FIG. 3 is a top view of the disk of FIG. 2;

fig. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion a in fig. 3.

Detailed Description

The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples. The embodiment is specifically implemented on the premise of the technical scheme of the invention, a detailed implementation mode and a specific operation process are given, and the raw materials in the embodiment are all from Limited liability company of potassium apocynum venetum (NbPo) thrown in China.

A method for preparing potash magnesium sulphate fertilizer spherical particles is implemented according to the following steps: as shown in figures 1, 2, 3 and 4, taking refined soft potassium magnesium fertilizer with free water content of about 17 percent, uniformly mixing the refined soft potassium magnesium fertilizer with return material which is crushed to the particle size of less than 2mm and has free water content of 1.1 percent according to the mass ratio of 9:1 to obtain a mixture with free water content of about 15.1 percent, and sequentially feeding the mixture into a spiral tube type shaping machine, a disc granulator and screening to obtain spherical potassium magnesium fertilizer particles; the return material is the rejected particles in fig. 1. Wherein, the long granules with the length of 1-2 cm are discharged from a discharge port of the spiral pipe type shaping machine and enter a disc granulator. As shown in fig. 2, the disc granulator is a three-layer vertical eccentric disc granulator, two layers of granulation discs 2 and 3 are horizontally arranged at intervals up and down on a central rotating shaft 1 of the granulator, a plurality of circular pits 6 with the diameter of 4cm and the depth of 0.5cm are arranged on the disc surfaces of the granulation discs 2 and 3 in a centrosymmetric manner and are circumscribed in pairs, silica gel columns 4 with the height of 4cm and the diameter of 1cm are vertically arranged at the vertexes of the inscribed regular triangles of the circular pits close to the outer peripheries of the granulation discs, long granules enter one layer of disc surfaces of the disc granulator to form spherical granules under the action of mechanical force and friction force, after the spherical granules formed on the one layer of disc surfaces enter the two layers of granulation disc surfaces through a material conveying pipe 5, a hot air pipe 10 is arranged above the disc surfaces of the two layers of granulation discs, the hot air pipe 10 blows air to the disc surfaces of the two layers of granulation discs, the materials are heated to the temperature, the soft potassium magnesium vanadium rotates with the granulating disc while removing two crystal water and free water, the particles obtained from the disc surface of the two-layer granulating disc enter the three-layer receiving disc and are further dried to obtain a finished product of potassium magnesium fertilizer spherical particles with free water less than or equal to 1.5 percent, and the finished product of potassium magnesium fertilizer spherical particles with the particle size of 2-4.5 mm is obtained after screening. The forming rate is 91%, the average strength of the dried particles is 30.2N, and the nutrients of the finished product meet the requirements of national standards.

The spiral tube type shaping machine and the disc granulator are both in the prior art, and the structural inventor of the disc granulator carries out targeted improvement, which is specifically described as above.

The invention has been explained and illustrated. The invention is not limited to the specific embodiments and methods described above, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications within the scope of the claims without affecting the spirit of the invention.