阅读说明：本技术 一种重油清洗剂及其制备和清洗方法 (Heavy oil cleaning agent and preparation and cleaning methods thereof ) 是由 吴群英 陈佳 陈建宝 周金喜 张远虎 安平 吴正林 陈祎 赵秀宁 黄丰 王永峰 于 2020-11-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种重油清洗剂及其制备和清洗方法,所述的重油清洗剂为水基环保中性重质油清洗剂；主要包括阴离子表面活性剂、非离子表面活性剂、和各种助剂,阴离子表面活性剂的质量分数为1％～5％、非离子表面活性剂的质量分数为2％～10％、助剂的质量分数为3％～7％。在本发明中阴离子表面活性剂、非离子表面活性剂和助剂协同合作,对重油垢质有着优良的清洗效果,且配方中不含有害物质,对海洋生态环境友好,避免了传统重油清洗方法大量酸、碱对环境的破坏,为含重油污垢的清洗提供了重要技术支持,可用于海洋石油平台甲板清洗,生产工艺系统重油污垢的清洗,海底管线的清洗,亦可用于含重油污垢机械零部件的清洗,清除率达98％以上。(The invention provides a heavy oil cleaning agent and a preparation method and a cleaning method thereof, wherein the heavy oil cleaning agent is a water-based environment-friendly neutral heavy oil cleaning agent; mainly comprises an anionic surfactant, a nonionic surfactant and various assistants, wherein the mass fraction of the anionic surfactant is 1-5%, the mass fraction of the nonionic surfactant is 2-10%, and the mass fraction of the assistants is 3-7%. The anionic surfactant, the nonionic surfactant and the auxiliary agent cooperate with one another to achieve an excellent cleaning effect on heavy oil dirt, the formula does not contain harmful substances, the marine ecological environment is friendly, the damage of a large amount of acid and alkali to the environment in the traditional heavy oil cleaning method is avoided, an important technical support is provided for cleaning the heavy oil dirt, the heavy oil dirt cleaning agent can be used for cleaning decks of marine oil platforms, heavy oil dirt of production process systems and submarine pipelines, and can also be used for cleaning mechanical parts containing the heavy oil dirt, and the cleaning rate is over 98%.)

1. The heavy oil cleaning agent is characterized in that the cleaning agent is a water-based environment-friendly neutral heavy oil cleaning agent; the water-soluble polymer emulsion is composed of a surfactant and an auxiliary agent, wherein the surfactant comprises an anionic surfactant and a nonionic surfactant.

2. The heavy oil cleaning agent as claimed in claim 1, wherein the specific composition and parts by mass are as follows:

the mass fraction of the anionic surfactant is 1-5%;

the mass fraction of the nonionic surfactant is 2-10 percent;

the mass fraction of the auxiliary agent is 3-7%;

the balance being water.

3. The heavy oil cleaning agent as claimed in claim 1, wherein the selected anionic surfactant is sodium fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sulfate; the selected nonionic surfactant is alkylphenol polyoxyethylene (10) ether and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene (9) ether, and the mass ratio is 1: 1; the selected auxiliary agents comprise triethanolamine serving as an antirust agent, sodium carbonate serving as a water softener, sodium nitrite and tetrasodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate, wherein the mass ratio of the triethanolamine to the sodium carbonate to the sodium nitrite to the tetrasodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate is 1:2:2: 1.

4. The method for preparing the heavy oil cleaning agent according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein clean tap water is added into the kettle, the electric heater is started to heat up, the heating is stopped when the water temperature reaches 40 ℃, and the stirrer is started during the heating process; adding the components and the dosage of the substance into a reaction kettle, and continuously stirring; after the addition is finished, continuously stirring for 100 minutes, stopping the stirrer, and obtaining the cleaning agent when the temperature of the finished product is reduced to below 40 ℃.

5. The cleaning agent prepared by the method of claim 4 is used for cleaning heavy oil.

6. The use of claim 5, wherein the heavy oil cleaning agent is used in an amount corresponding to the quality of the heavy oil foulant to be cleaned by: the weight of the heavy oil cleaning agent consumed by each 100kg of oily dirt is 8 kg-12 kg.

7. Use according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the steps are as follows:

1) spraying the surface of dirt by using a cleaning agent, wherein the temperature is 30-40 ℃, the flow rate is controlled to be 0.1-0.2 m/s, and the holding time is 12 h;

2) adjusting the temperature to be 40-45 ℃ and the flow rate to be 0.3-0.5 m/s, washing the surface of the cleaned object, and re-detecting the residual dirt on the surface of the cleaned object to meet the cleaning requirement.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of oil sludge cleaning, in particular to a heavy oil cleaning agent and a preparation method and a cleaning method thereof.

Background

According to the investigation of the existing oil field cleaning market of offshore oil, a yield-increasing and production-assisting agent is added in the process of producing an oil field at the upstream, a large amount of dirty oil scales such as heavy oil scales are generated at the same time, the cleaning difficulty is increased due to the generation of the large amount of dirty oil scales, a chemical cleaning agent adopted by the traditional method has high pH value, certain corrosion risk is caused to equipment, and construction waste liquid can be treated in the next step only by being integrated to the pH value of 7-9; part of the cleaning agent contains toxic and harmful components, and causes damage to human health during cleaning operation.

The key of the problem is how to determine the optimal formula and the mass percentage of each component of the heavy oil cleaning agent through experiments, and the development of the heavy oil cleaning agent which is environment-friendly and has simple cleaning process is realized on the premise of ensuring the heavy oil cleaning effect.

The patent CN184242A discloses a heavy oil cleaning agent, which is an early heavy oil cleaning agent formula of our company and comprises the following components in percentage by mass: (1) 1 to 5 percent of tetrasodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate; (2) 0.1 to 1 percent of sodium nitrite; (3) 0.5 to 2 percent of sodium carbonate; (4) 2-10% of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene (9) ether; (5) 1-5% of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate; (6) 0.2 to 1 percent of triethanolamine; (7) water: and (4) the balance. The cleaning agent is widely used in cleaning operation, but the heavy oil cleaning agent has poor emulsification effect on part of heavy oil in the cleaning process, and has the problems of excessive heavy oil residue and large heavy oil cleaning agent consumption.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a water-based environment-friendly neutral heavy oil cleaning agent and a preparation method and a cleaning method thereof, the water-based environment-friendly neutral heavy oil cleaning agent is an environment-friendly cleaning agent, does not contain toxic and harmful components, is beneficial to protecting the marine ecological environment, can effectively remove heavy oil in the cleaning process of dirt containing heavy oil, and has the removal rate of more than 98 percent.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the invention provides a heavy oil cleaning agent, which comprises an anionic surfactant, a nonionic surfactant and an auxiliary agent; the heavy oil cleaning agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight:

1 to 5 percent of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate; 2 to 10 percent of alkylphenol polyoxyethylene (10) ether and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene (9) ether (the mass ratio is 1: 1); the mass fraction of the auxiliary agent is 3-7%; comprises triethanolamine: sodium carbonate: sodium nitrite: tetrasodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate with the mass ratio of 1:2:2: 1; the balance being water.

In the invention, the anionic surfactant, the nonionic surfactant and the auxiliary agent can effectively clean dirt containing heavy oil under the synergistic action, and the removal rate is more than 98%.

Substances which, when added in small amounts, can greatly reduce the surface tension or liquid-liquid interfacial tension of the solvent (water) are called surfactants. It is an amphiphilic molecule with a hydrophobic (lipophilic) group and a hydrophilic group. The hydrophilic group of the surfactant is anionic, cationic, nonionic or amphoteric; the anion surfactant which has good biodegradability and small irritation and is good in compounding with the nonionic surfactant is selected for compounding.

The anionic surfactant selected by the invention is fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate;

the selected nonionic surfactant is alkylphenol polyoxyethylene (10) ether and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene (9) ether, and the mass ratio is 1: 1.

The inorganic salt assistant has the obvious characteristic that ions with charges are ionized after being dissolved in water, so that the inorganic salt assistant can play some excellent roles. The water softening capacity can improve the decontamination effect of the anionic surfactant, improve the suspension capacity of the dirt and prevent the dirt from redepositing; the selected auxiliary agents comprise triethanolamine serving as an antirust agent, sodium carbonate serving as a water softener, sodium nitrite and tetrasodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate, and the mass ratio of the triethanolamine to the sodium carbonate to the sodium nitrite to the tetrasodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate is 1:2:2: 1.

Adding clean tap water into a kettle, starting an electric heater to heat, stopping heating when the water temperature reaches 40 ℃, and starting a stirrer in the heating process; adding the components and the dosage of the substance into a reaction kettle, and continuously stirring; after the addition is finished, continuously stirring for 100 minutes, stopping the stirrer, and obtaining the cleaning agent when the temperature of the finished product is reduced to below 40 ℃.

The cleaning agent is applied to cleaning heavy oil.

The corresponding relationship between the dosage of the heavy oil cleaning agent and the quality of the cleaned heavy oil dirt is as follows: the weight of the heavy oil cleaning agent consumed by each 100kg of oily dirt is 8 kg-12 kg.

The cleaning method of the heavy oil cleaning agent comprises the following steps:

1) spraying the surface of dirt by using a cleaning agent, wherein the temperature is 30-40 ℃, the flow rate is controlled to be 0.1-0.2 m/s, and the holding time is 12 h;

2) adjusting the temperature to be 40-45 ℃ and the flow rate to be 0.3-0.5 m/s, washing the surface of the cleaned object, and detecting the residual dirt on the surface of the cleaned object again until the cleaning requirement is met.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the heavy oil cleaning agent is a water-based environment-friendly neutral heavy oil cleaning agent, does not contain toxic and harmful components in the formula, is environment-friendly, and is beneficial to the protection of marine ecological environment; the complex cleaning process during the traditional heavy oil cleaning and the corrosion damage to the equipment in the strong acid and strong alkali cleaning process are avoided, the using method is simple, and the descaling effect is excellent.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention is further explained by the following embodiments. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the examples are only for the understanding of the present invention and should not be construed as the specific limitations of the present invention.

The following examples are formulations, and are intended to be directly written in terms of specific materials and proportions, but with specific values for the amounts consistent with the teachings of the invention. The preparation method and the cleaning method are also exemplified, and cannot be summarized simply, and specific effects are required.

The heavy oil cleaning agent comprises the following components in parts by weight:

the mass fraction of the anionic surfactant is 1-5%;

the mass fraction of the nonionic surfactant is 2-10 percent;

the mass fraction of the auxiliary agent is 3-7%;

the balance being water.

The selected anionic surfactant is fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate; the selected nonionic surfactant is alkylphenol polyoxyethylene (10) ether and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene (9) ether, and the mass ratio is 1: 1; the selected auxiliary agents comprise triethanolamine serving as an antirust agent, sodium carbonate serving as a water softener, sodium nitrite and tetrasodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate, wherein the mass ratio of the triethanolamine to the sodium carbonate to the sodium nitrite to the tetrasodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate is 1:2:2: 1.

The invention provides a preparation method of a heavy oil cleaning agent, which comprises the following steps: opening a bottom emptying valve of the reaction kettle, washing the inner wall of the reaction kettle by clean tap water, and closing the bottom emptying valve; adding clean tap water into the kettle, and enabling the liquid level to reach the upper edge of a sealing head sealing ring on the upper part of the reaction kettle; starting an electric heater according to the operation rules of the reaction kettle equipment to heat, stopping heating when the water temperature reaches 40 ℃, and starting a stirrer in the heating process; weighing the using amount of each component according to the mass percentage, simultaneously adding the components into a reaction kettle, and continuously stirring; after the feeding is finished, continuously stirring for 100 minutes, stopping the stirrer, and turning off a power switch; when the temperature of the finished product is reduced to below 40 ℃, the cleaning agent is put into a packaging barrel which is cleaned in advance.

The invention provides a cleaning method of a heavy oil cleaning agent, which comprises the following steps: the corresponding relationship between the dosage of the heavy oil cleaning agent and the quality of the cleaned heavy oil dirt is as follows: the weight of the heavy oil cleaning agent consumed by each 100kg of oily dirt is 8 kg-12 kg.

During cleaning, dirt is cleaned in a soaking and circulating mode, and a circulating cleaning system is built; comprises a liquid tank, a connecting pipeline and a circulating pump; when cleaning, firstly, the surface of dirt is sprayed by using a cleaning agent, the temperature is 30-40 ℃, the flow rate is controlled to be 0.1-0.2 m/s, the holding time is 12 hours, and the spraying is kept uniform; the temperature is adjusted to be 40-45 ℃, the flow rate is 0.3-0.5 m/s, the surface of the cleaning object is washed, and the cleaning retention time at this stage is determined according to the residual amount of dirt on the surface of the cleaned object.

And re-detecting the residual dirt on the surface of the cleaned object, and adjusting the concentration and the flow rate of the cleaning agent according to the situation to perform re-cleaning.

Example 1:

in this embodiment, a heavy oil cleaning agent is provided, which is characterized in that the mass fraction of the anionic surfactant is 1%, the mass fraction of the nonionic surfactant is 2%, and the mass fraction of the auxiliary agent is 3%; the selected anionic surfactant is fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate; the selected nonionic surfactants are alkylphenol polyoxyethylene (10) ether and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene (9) ether; the selected auxiliary agents are triethanolamine serving as an antirust agent, sodium carbonate serving as a water softener, sodium nitrite and tetrasodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate; opening a bottom emptying valve of the reaction kettle, washing the inner wall of the reaction kettle by clean tap water, and closing the bottom emptying valve; adding clean tap water into the kettle, and enabling the liquid level to reach the upper edge of a sealing head sealing ring on the upper part of the reaction kettle; starting an electric heater according to the operation rules of the reaction kettle equipment to heat, stopping heating when the water temperature reaches 40 ℃, and starting a stirrer in the heating process; weighing the using amount of each component according to the mass percentage, simultaneously adding the components into a reaction kettle, and continuously stirring; after the feeding is finished, continuously stirring for 100 minutes, stopping the stirrer, and turning off a power switch; when the temperature of the finished product is reduced to below 40 ℃, putting the cleaning agent into a packaging barrel which is cleaned in advance to prepare the heavy oil cleaning agent A1 of the embodiment, and building a circulating cleaning system; comprises a liquid tank, a connecting pipeline and a circulating pump; when cleaning, firstly, the surface of dirt is sprayed by using a cleaning agent, the temperature is 30-40 ℃, the flow rate is controlled to be 0.1-0.2 m/s, the holding time is 12 hours, and the spraying is kept uniform; the temperature is adjusted to be 40-45 ℃, the flow rate is 0.3-0.5 m/s, the surface of a cleaning object is washed, the result shows that the emulsifying and cleaning effect of the cleaning agent on heavy oil meets the cleaning requirement, and the clearance rate of the formula on the heavy oil is more than 98 percent through detection.

Example 2:

in this embodiment, a heavy oil cleaning agent is provided, which is characterized in that the mass fraction of the anionic surfactant is 2%, the mass fraction of the nonionic surfactant is 4%, and the mass fraction of the auxiliary agent is 4%; the selected anionic surfactant is fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate; the selected nonionic surfactants are alkylphenol polyoxyethylene (10) ether and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene (9) ether; the selected auxiliary agents are triethanolamine serving as an antirust agent, sodium carbonate serving as a water softener, sodium nitrite and tetrasodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate; opening a bottom emptying valve of the reaction kettle, washing the inner wall of the reaction kettle by clean tap water, and closing the bottom emptying valve; adding clean tap water into the kettle, and enabling the liquid level to reach the upper edge of a sealing head sealing ring on the upper part of the reaction kettle; starting an electric heater according to the operation rules of the reaction kettle equipment to heat, stopping heating when the water temperature reaches 40 ℃, and starting a stirrer in the heating process; weighing the using amount of each component according to the mass percentage, simultaneously adding the components into a reaction kettle, and continuously stirring; after the feeding is finished, continuously stirring for 100 minutes, stopping the stirrer, and turning off a power switch; when the temperature of the finished product is reduced to below 40 ℃, putting the cleaning agent into a packaging barrel which is cleaned in advance to prepare the heavy oil cleaning agent A1 of the embodiment, and building a circulating cleaning system; comprises a liquid tank, a connecting pipeline and a circulating pump; when cleaning, firstly, the surface of dirt is sprayed by using a cleaning agent, the temperature is 30-40 ℃, the flow rate is controlled to be 0.1-0.2 m/s, the holding time is 12 hours, and the spraying is kept uniform; the temperature is adjusted to be 40-45 ℃, the flow rate is 0.3-0.5 m/s, the surface of a cleaning object is washed, the result shows that the emulsifying and cleaning effect of the cleaning agent on heavy oil meets the cleaning requirement, and the clearance rate of the formula on the heavy oil is more than 98 percent through detection.

Example 3:

in this embodiment, a heavy oil cleaning agent is provided, which is characterized in that the mass fraction of the anionic surfactant is 3%, the mass fraction of the nonionic surfactant is 6%, and the mass fraction of the auxiliary agent is 5%; the selected anionic surfactant is fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate; the selected nonionic surfactants are alkylphenol polyoxyethylene (10) ether and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene (9) ether; the selected auxiliary agents are triethanolamine serving as an antirust agent, sodium carbonate serving as a water softener, sodium nitrite and tetrasodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate; opening a bottom emptying valve of the reaction kettle, washing the inner wall of the reaction kettle by clean tap water, and closing the bottom emptying valve; adding clean tap water into the kettle, and enabling the liquid level to reach the upper edge of a sealing head sealing ring on the upper part of the reaction kettle; starting an electric heater according to the operation rules of the reaction kettle equipment to heat, stopping heating when the water temperature reaches 40 ℃, and starting a stirrer in the heating process; weighing the using amount of each component according to the mass percentage, simultaneously adding the components into a reaction kettle, and continuously stirring; after the feeding is finished, continuously stirring for 100 minutes, stopping the stirrer, and turning off a power switch; when the temperature of the finished product is reduced to below 40 ℃, putting the cleaning agent into a packaging barrel which is cleaned in advance to prepare the heavy oil cleaning agent A1 of the embodiment, and building a circulating cleaning system; comprises a liquid tank, a connecting pipeline and a circulating pump; when cleaning, firstly, the surface of dirt is sprayed by using a cleaning agent, the temperature is 30-40 ℃, the flow rate is controlled to be 0.1-0.2 m/s, the holding time is 12 hours, and the spraying is kept uniform; the temperature is adjusted to be 40-45 ℃, the flow rate is 0.3-0.5 m/s, the surface of a cleaning object is washed, the result shows that the emulsifying and cleaning effect of the cleaning agent on heavy oil meets the cleaning requirement, and the clearance rate of the formula on the heavy oil is more than 98 percent through detection.

Example 4:

in this embodiment, a heavy oil cleaning agent is provided, which is characterized in that the mass fraction of the anionic surfactant is 4%, the mass fraction of the nonionic surfactant is 8%, and the mass fraction of the auxiliary agent is 6%; the selected anionic surfactant is fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate; the selected nonionic surfactants are alkylphenol polyoxyethylene (10) ether and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene (9) ether; the selected auxiliary agents are triethanolamine serving as an antirust agent, sodium carbonate serving as a water softener, sodium nitrite and tetrasodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate; opening a bottom emptying valve of the reaction kettle, washing the inner wall of the reaction kettle by clean tap water, and closing the bottom emptying valve; adding clean tap water into the kettle, and enabling the liquid level to reach the upper edge of a sealing head sealing ring on the upper part of the reaction kettle; starting an electric heater according to the operation rules of the reaction kettle equipment to heat, stopping heating when the water temperature reaches 40 ℃, and starting a stirrer in the heating process; weighing the using amount of each component according to the mass percentage, simultaneously adding the components into a reaction kettle, and continuously stirring; after the feeding is finished, continuously stirring for 100 minutes, stopping the stirrer, and turning off a power switch; when the temperature of the finished product is reduced to below 40 ℃, putting the cleaning agent into a packaging barrel which is cleaned in advance to prepare the heavy oil cleaning agent A1 of the embodiment, and building a circulating cleaning system; comprises a liquid tank, a connecting pipeline and a circulating pump; when cleaning, firstly, the surface of dirt is sprayed by using a cleaning agent, the temperature is 30-40 ℃, the flow rate is controlled to be 0.1-0.2 m/s, the holding time is 12 hours, and the spraying is kept uniform; the temperature is adjusted to be 40-45 ℃, the flow rate is 0.3-0.5 m/s, the surface of a cleaning object is washed, the result shows that the emulsifying and cleaning effect of the cleaning agent on heavy oil meets the cleaning requirement, and the clearance rate of the formula on the heavy oil is more than 98 percent through detection.

Example 5:

in this embodiment, a heavy oil cleaning agent is provided, which is characterized in that the mass fraction of the anionic surfactant is 5%, the mass fraction of the nonionic surfactant is 10%, and the mass fraction of the auxiliary agent is 7%; the selected anionic surfactant is fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate; the selected nonionic surfactants are alkylphenol polyoxyethylene (10) ether and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene (9) ether; the selected auxiliary agents are triethanolamine serving as an antirust agent, sodium carbonate serving as a water softener, sodium nitrite and tetrasodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate; opening a bottom emptying valve of the reaction kettle, washing the inner wall of the reaction kettle by clean tap water, and closing the bottom emptying valve; adding clean tap water into the kettle, and enabling the liquid level to reach the upper edge of a sealing head sealing ring on the upper part of the reaction kettle; starting an electric heater according to the operation rules of the reaction kettle equipment to heat, stopping heating when the water temperature reaches 40 ℃, and starting a stirrer in the heating process; weighing the using amount of each component according to the mass percentage, simultaneously adding the components into a reaction kettle, and continuously stirring; after the feeding is finished, continuously stirring for 100 minutes, stopping the stirrer, and turning off a power switch; when the temperature of the finished product is reduced to below 40 ℃, putting the cleaning agent into a packaging barrel which is cleaned in advance to prepare the heavy oil cleaning agent A1 of the embodiment, and building a circulating cleaning system; comprises a liquid tank, a connecting pipeline and a circulating pump; when cleaning, firstly, the surface of dirt is sprayed by using a cleaning agent, the temperature is 30-40 ℃, the flow rate is controlled to be 0.1-0.2 m/s, the holding time is 12 hours, and the spraying is kept uniform; the temperature is adjusted to be 40-45 ℃, the flow rate is 0.3-0.5 m/s, the surface of a cleaning object is washed, the result shows that the emulsifying and cleaning effect of the cleaning agent on heavy oil meets the cleaning requirement, and the clearance rate of the formula on the heavy oil is more than 98 percent through detection.

The applicant states that the present invention is illustrated by the above examples, but the present invention is not limited to the above examples, i.e., it is not meant to be dependent on the above examples to practice the present invention. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that any modification of the present invention, equivalent substitution of each raw material and addition of auxiliary components, selection of specific modes, etc., of the product of the present invention are within the scope of protection and disclosure of the present invention.