阅读说明：本技术 一种形状自适应的磁控自感知柔性管道及其制备方法 (Shape-adaptive magnetic control self-sensing flexible pipeline and preparation method thereof ) 是由 龚兴龙 张静怡 王宇 王胜 于 2020-12-25 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种形状自适应的磁控自感知柔性管道及其制备方法,包括空心圆柱形流场管道,多匝线圈,多个各向异性磁敏弹性体和压电薄膜传感器,多个各向异性磁敏弹性体中心对称排布于流场管道的横截面上,流场管道相应位置的外表面上被安置多匝线圈,附着在各向异性磁敏弹性体上的压电薄膜传感器感知磁敏弹性体的变形量实现柔性管道的自感知。本发明结构简单,材料低廉,功能多样；各向异性磁敏弹性体和压电薄膜传感器的尺寸易于调控,因此流场管道具有优异的形状自适应性；调节多匝线圈通电后在管道内部产生的磁场,来改变多个各向异性磁敏弹性体的离面变形量,从而改变管道的横截面积；通过压电薄膜传感器获知各向异性磁敏弹性体的变形程度,实现自感知。(The invention discloses a shape-adaptive magnetic control self-perception flexible pipeline and a preparation method thereof, and the shape-adaptive magnetic control self-perception flexible pipeline comprises a hollow cylindrical flow field pipeline, a plurality of turns of coils, a plurality of anisotropic magneto-sensitive elastomers and piezoelectric film sensors, wherein the plurality of anisotropic magneto-sensitive elastomers are arranged on the cross section of the flow field pipeline in a centrosymmetric manner, the plurality of turns of coils are arranged on the outer surface of the corresponding position of the flow field pipeline, and the piezoelectric film sensors attached to the anisotropic magneto-sensitive elastomers perceive the deformation of the magneto-sensitive elastomers to realize the self-perception of the flexible pipeline. The invention has simple structure, low material cost and multiple functions; the sizes of the anisotropic magneto-sensitive elastomer and the piezoelectric film sensor are easy to regulate and control, so that the flow field pipeline has excellent shape adaptability; adjusting a magnetic field generated in the pipeline after the multi-turn coil is electrified to change the out-of-plane deformation of the anisotropic magneto-sensitive elastomers, so as to change the cross-sectional area of the pipeline; the deformation degree of the anisotropic magneto-sensitive elastomer is obtained through the piezoelectric film sensor, and self-sensing is achieved.)

1. A shape-adaptive magnetically controlled self-sensing flexible pipe, comprising: hollow cylindrical flow field pipeline, multiturn coil, a plurality of anisotropic magnetic-sensing elastomer and piezoelectric film sensor, wherein: the anisotropic magnetic-sensing elastomers are arranged on the cross section of the flow field pipeline in a central symmetry mode, the outer surfaces of the corresponding positions of the flow field pipeline are provided with the multi-turn coils, the multi-turn coils generate a magnetic field in the pipeline, the out-of-plane deformation of the anisotropic magnetic-sensing elastomers is changed by adjusting the current of the multi-turn coils, the change of the cross section area of the pipeline is achieved, the deformation of the anisotropic magnetic-sensing elastomers is monitored in real time through the deformation of the piezoelectric film sensor, and the self-sensing function is achieved.

2. The shape-adaptive magnetically controlled self-sensing flexible conduit according to claim 1, wherein the hollow cylindrical flow field conduit is shape-adaptive and is made of a blend of silicone rubber, natural rubber, polyurethane, acrylic resin, butadiene rubber, or a combination thereof.

3. The shape-adaptive magnetically controlled self-sensing flexible pipe according to claim 1, wherein the multi-turn coil comprises a red copper coil, an aluminum coil or a winding wire.

4. The shape-adaptive magnetically controlled self-sensing flexible pipe according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of anisotropic magnetically sensitive elastomers comprises: magnetic particles comprising micro-nano particles comprising iron, cobalt, nickel and/or alloys formed from combinations thereof; a polymeric matrix comprising a blend of silicone rubber, natural rubber, polyurethane, acrylic, butadiene rubber, or combinations thereof.

5. The shape-adaptive magnetic control self-perception flexible pipeline according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of anisotropic magneto-sensitive elastomers are largely deformed out of plane under the action of a magnetic field generated by an electrified coil, so that the cross-sectional area of the flow field pipeline is changed.

6. The shape-adaptive, magnetically controlled, self-sensing flexible conduit according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of anisotropic magnetoelastomers have a dimension in both the x and y directions that is at least 5 times greater than a dimension in the z direction.

7. The shape-adaptive magnetically controlled self-sensing flexible pipe according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic particles inside the anisotropic magnetosensitive elastomers are distributed in a chain or cluster shape along the xy plane.

8. The shape-adaptive magnetically controlled self-sensing flexible pipe according to claim 1, wherein the bending stiffness of the plurality of anisotropic magnetically sensitive elastomers varies with the current of the multi-turn coil.

9. The shape adaptive magnetic control self-perception flexible pipe according to claim 1, wherein the piezoelectric film sensor includes: piezoelectric films including polyvinylidene fluoride films and other organic piezoelectric film materials represented by the polyvinylidene fluoride films; two electrode layers positioned on the upper surface and the lower surface of the piezoelectric film, wherein the two electrode layers comprise carbon paste or metal paste; the wires connected to the two electrode layers include silver wires and other non-ferromagnetic wires typified by silver wires.

10. The shape-adaptive magnetically-controlled self-sensing flexible pipe according to claim 9, wherein the metal paste in the piezoelectric thin film sensor comprises a blended paste of at least one or more of gold, silver and copper.

11. A preparation method of a shape-adaptive magnetic control self-perception flexible pipeline is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step 1, vulcanizing a precursor of a magnetosensitive elastomer at a high temperature in a magnetic field to form an anisotropic magnetosensitive elastomer;

step 2, coating conductive slurry and wires on the upper surface and the lower surface of the piezoelectric film, and simultaneously bonding the anisotropic magnetosensitive elastomer on the surface of the piezoelectric film to form a double-layer structure;

step 3, adhering the double-layer structure to the wall of the hollow flow field pipeline by using polydimethylsiloxane, then coating the polydimethylsiloxane on the wall of the other section of the hollow flow field pipeline, and adhering the polydimethylsiloxane to the other surface of the composite structure to realize butt joint of the flow field pipeline;

and 4, finally, arranging a plurality of turns of coils on the outer surfaces of the bonding positions of the two sections of flow field pipelines.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a flexible pipeline, in particular to a shape-adaptive magnetic control self-sensing flexible pipeline and a preparation method thereof.

Background

Compared with a rigid pipeline, the flexible pipeline has good flexibility and small damage to conveyed materials, and is widely applied to industries such as food processing, natural gas conveying, sewage treatment and the like. In addition, the micro-channel with a certain elasticity of tens of microns to hundreds of microns is an important component of the microfluidic chip, is used for processing or manipulating micro-fluid, and has a great development potential in biomedical research. However, whether flexible pipes or micro-pipes are adopted, most of them have fixed cross-sectional areas or only have two working conditions of opening and closing, and the continuous control of the material flow rate is difficult to realize. And when transporting poisonous and harmful material, the manual switch pipeline valve, the security is not high. The traditional magnetic control pipeline valve can realize remote control through a power line connected with an electromagnetic coil, but the structure is complex.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the existing flexible pipeline, the invention provides the flexible pipeline with the self-adaptive shape.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a shape-adaptive magnetically controlled self-sensing flexible pipe, comprising: hollow cylindrical flow field pipeline, multiturn coil, a plurality of anisotropic magnetic-sensing elastomer and piezoelectric film sensor, wherein: the anisotropic magnetic-sensing elastic bodies are arranged on the cross section of the flow field pipeline in a central symmetry mode, a plurality of turns of coils are arranged on the outer surfaces of the corresponding positions of the flow field pipeline, and the piezoelectric film sensors attached to the anisotropic magnetic-sensing elastic bodies sense the deformation of the magnetic-sensing elastic bodies to achieve self-sensing of the flexible pipeline.

The flow field pipeline is self-adaptive in shape and is made of silicon rubber, natural rubber, polyurethane, acrylic resin, butadiene rubber or a blend of the silicon rubber, the natural rubber, the polyurethane, the acrylic resin and the butadiene rubber.

The multi-turn coil comprises a red copper coil, an aluminum coil or a winding wire.

The plurality of anisotropic magnetoelastomers includes: magnetic particles comprising micro-nano particles comprising iron, cobalt, nickel and/or alloys formed from combinations thereof; a polymeric matrix comprising a blend of silicone rubber, natural rubber, polyurethane, acrylic, butadiene rubber, or combinations thereof.

The dimensions of the plurality of anisotropic magnetoelastomers in both the x and y directions are at least 5 times the dimension in the z direction.

The magnetic particles in the anisotropic magnetosensitive elastomers are distributed in a chain or cluster shape along the xy plane.

The anisotropic magnetosensitive elastomers are subjected to large out-of-plane deformation under the action of a magnetic field generated by the electrified coil, so that the cross-sectional area of the flow field pipeline is changed.

The bending rigidity of the anisotropic magneto-sensitive elastomers is changed along with the current of the multi-turn coil.

The piezoelectric thin film sensor includes: piezoelectric films including polyvinylidene fluoride films and other organic piezoelectric film materials represented by the polyvinylidene fluoride films; two electrode layers positioned on the upper surface and the lower surface of the piezoelectric film, wherein the two electrode layers comprise carbon paste or metal paste; the wires connected to the two electrode layers include silver wires and other non-ferromagnetic wires typified by silver wires.

The metal paste comprises at least one or more of gold, silver and copper.

A method for preparing a shape-adaptive magnetic control self-sensing flexible pipeline comprises the following steps:

step 1, vulcanizing a precursor of a magnetosensitive elastomer at a high temperature in a magnetic field to form an anisotropic magnetosensitive elastomer;

step 2, coating conductive slurry and wires on the upper surface and the lower surface of the piezoelectric film, and simultaneously bonding the anisotropic magnetosensitive elastomer on the surface of the piezoelectric film to form a double-layer structure;

step 3, adhering the double-layer structure to the wall of the hollow flow field pipeline by using polydimethylsiloxane, then coating the polydimethylsiloxane on the wall of the other section of the hollow flow field pipeline, and adhering the polydimethylsiloxane to the other surface of the composite structure to realize butt joint of the flow field pipeline;

and 4, finally, arranging a plurality of turns of coils on the outer surfaces of the bonding positions of the two sections of flow field pipelines.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

the invention has simple structure, low material cost and multiple functions. The sizes of the anisotropic magneto-sensitive elastomer and the piezoelectric film sensor are easy to regulate and control, so that the flow field pipeline has excellent shape adaptability; adjusting a magnetic field generated in the pipeline after the multi-turn coil is electrified to change the out-of-plane deformation of the anisotropic magneto-sensitive elastomers, so as to change the cross-sectional area of the pipeline; the deformation degree of the anisotropic magneto-sensitive elastomer is obtained through the piezoelectric film sensor, self-sensing is realized, and accurate control of the magnetic control variable cross-section flexible pipeline is achieved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional schematic view of a shape-adaptive magnetically controlled self-sensing flexible pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a perspective assembly view of a shape-adaptive magnetically controlled self-sensing flexible conduit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a front view with a partial cross-sectional view of a shape adaptive magnetically controlled self-sensing flexible pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a perspective assembly view of another adaptive-shape magnetically controlled self-sensing flexible conduit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an anisotropic magnetosensitive elastomer and a piezoelectric thin film sensor in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the deformation of the anisotropic magnetosensitive elastomer and the piezoelectric film sensor when a small current is applied to the coil according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the deformation of the anisotropic magnetosensitive elastomer and the piezoelectric film sensor when a large current is applied to the coil according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of another anisotropic magnetosensitive elastomer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of another anisotropic magnetosensitive elastomer and piezoelectric thin film sensor in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

in the figure: the flow field sensor comprises a hollow cylindrical flow field pipeline 1, a multi-turn coil 2, an anisotropic magneto-sensitive elastomer 3, a piezoelectric film sensor 4, an external lead of the piezoelectric film sensor 5, a polymer matrix of the anisotropic magneto-sensitive elastomer 6, a magnetic particle chain of the anisotropic magneto-sensitive elastomer 7 and a hollow hexagonal prism-shaped flow field pipeline 8.

Detailed Description

In order that the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the following specific embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1-3, the present example includes: the sensor comprises a hollow cylindrical flow field pipeline 1, a plurality of circles of coils 2, a plurality of anisotropic magneto-sensitive elastic bodies 3, a piezoelectric film sensor 4 and an external lead 5 of the piezoelectric film sensor, wherein the plurality of anisotropic magneto-sensitive elastic bodies 3 are arranged on the cross section of the hollow cylindrical flow field pipeline 1 in a centrosymmetric manner, the plurality of circles of coils 2 are positioned on the outer surface of the corresponding position of the hollow cylindrical flow field pipeline 1, the piezoelectric film sensor 4 is attached to the surface of one of the anisotropic magneto-sensitive elastic bodies 3, and signals are output through the external lead 5 of the piezoelectric film sensor.

After the multi-turn coil 2 is electrified, a magnetic field with magnetic force lines along the direction of a pipeline rotating shaft is excited in the hollow cylindrical flow field pipeline 1 according to the magnetic effect of current, the anisotropic magnetic-sensing elastic bodies 3 are deformed in an out-of-plane mode, the hollow cylindrical flow field pipeline 1 is changed from closing to opening, and the working mode of the hollow cylindrical flow field pipeline 1 can be remotely controlled by controlling the current. In addition, the magnitude of the current is changed to obtain magnetic fields with different strengths, and the deformation of the plurality of anisotropic magnetosensitive elastic bodies 3 is increased or reduced along with the magnetic fields, so that the cross section of the pipeline is continuously changed.

The piezoelectric film sensor 4 deforms synchronously with the anisotropic magneto-sensitive elastic body 3, an electric signal proportional to the deformation is generated between the surfaces of the upper electrode and the lower electrode in real time, and the electric signal is output to equipment such as a digital multimeter through an external lead 5 of the piezoelectric film sensor. This process gives the anisotropic magnetosensitive elastomer 3 and the shape adaptive flexible conduit a self-sensing function. If the piezoelectric film sensor 4 is compounded with a temperature and humidity sensing element, the anisotropic magneto-sensitive elastomer 3 and the shape-adaptive flexible pipeline can also sense the change of temperature and humidity of materials in the conveying process. If the flow velocity of the materials is too large, strong force is exerted on the plurality of anisotropic magneto-sensitive elastic bodies 3 and the piezoelectric film sensors 4, so that the anisotropic magneto-sensitive elastic bodies and the piezoelectric film sensors are obviously bent and deformed, and the conveying speed of the materials can be monitored through the external lead 5 of the piezoelectric film sensor. After the multi-turn coil 2 is electrified, the anisotropic magneto-sensitive elastic body 3 is in a magnetic field environment, magnetic particles in the magnetic particle chains 7 of the anisotropic magneto-sensitive elastic body interact with each other, and the magnetic particle chains 7 of the anisotropic magneto-sensitive elastic body interact with the polymer matrix 6 of the anisotropic magneto-sensitive elastic body, so that the bending rigidity of the anisotropic magneto-sensitive elastic bodies 3 is increased. The bending rigidity of the anisotropic magneto-sensitive elastomers 3 is proportionally increased along with the current in the multi-turn coil 2, so that the regulation and control of the material flow speed are realized.

The mounting position and number of the piezoelectric thin film sensors 4 are not limited.

The hollow cylindrical flow field pipeline 1 is made of silicon rubber, natural rubber, polyurethane, acrylic resin, butadiene rubber or a mixture of the silicon rubber, the natural rubber, the polyurethane, the acrylic resin and the butadiene rubber. The multi-turn coil 2 comprises a red copper coil, an aluminum coil or a winding wire. The plurality of anisotropic magnetoelastic bodies 3 include: magnetic particles comprising micro-nano particles comprising iron, cobalt, nickel and/or alloys formed from combinations thereof; a polymeric matrix comprising a blend of silicone rubber, natural rubber, polyurethane, acrylic, butadiene rubber, or combinations thereof. The piezoelectric thin film sensor 4 includes: piezoelectric films including polyvinylidene fluoride films and other organic piezoelectric film materials represented by the polyvinylidene fluoride films; two electrode layers positioned on the upper surface and the lower surface of the piezoelectric film, wherein the two electrode layers comprise carbon paste or metal paste; the wires connected to the two electrode layers include silver wires and other non-ferromagnetic wires typified by silver wires. The metal paste comprises at least one or more of gold, silver and copper.

As shown in fig. 2 and 4, the hollow cylindrical flow field pipe 1 has a self-adaptive shape, and can be a hollow cylinder, a hollow arbitrary polygonal prism and a cross section irregular body. Based on the plurality of anisotropic magnetosensitive elastomers 3 and the piezoelectric thin film sensors 4, the anisotropic magnetosensitive elastomers and the piezoelectric thin film sensors can be simply and quickly prepared into a fan shape, a triangular shape and the like, and can be arbitrarily combined to meet different customized pipelines.

As shown in fig. 5-8, the plurality of anisotropic magnetoelastomers has magnetic particle chains 7 along the xy-plane. The magnetic particles distributed in chains enable the elastic body to have magnetic anisotropy, and the elastic body deforms towards the direction of the magnetic force lines of the external magnetic field. Of course, similar out-of-plane deformations can also be achieved by virtue of the macrostructural anisotropy if regions containing magnetic particles and regions not containing magnetic particles are distributed alternately on the elastomer. In addition, when the particles are hard magnetic, the magnetic domain direction of the particles is designed to be along the xy plane, and even if the particles are randomly distributed, the elastic body can be subjected to bending deformation under the action of magnetic moment.

As shown in fig. 9, the piezoelectric thin film sensor 4 may not only form a dual-coating structure with one anisotropic magnetosensitive elastomer 3, but also form a sandwich structure with two or even multiple anisotropic magnetosensitive elastomers 3, so as to reduce errors caused by structural asymmetry and improve control accuracy.

Compared with the existing flexible pipeline, the invention can be suitable for working conditions with different size and shape requirements, and has the advantages of simple preparation, low material cost, good biocompatibility, convenient control and high precision. Meanwhile, the device has a working mode of remotely controlling the continuous variable cross section, and realizes the continuous adjustment of the conveying speed of the internal materials.

The foregoing embodiments may be modified in many different ways by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims and all changes that come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.