阅读说明：本技术 一种风力发电机组降耗的方法 (Consumption reduction method for wind generating set ) 是由 王清照 宁琨 曾一鸣 彭小迪 付华强 蒋子进 于 2020-11-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种风力发电机组降耗的方法,将机组运行工况判断作为风电机组降耗控制逻辑的判断条件,将未来预测风速加入机组等风停机逻辑判断中,将未来预测风速和未预测风向加入风机偏航策略中,在不同运行工况下,按需启动齿轮箱油泵的间歇运行模式和压力控制模式。有效减少耗电量多于频繁启停过程中的发电量,整体上提高风电机组发电量,减少机组关键部件的机械及电气消耗；便于未来风速满足启机条件后,机组快速进入发电状态；降低齿轮箱自身的耗电量损耗和不必要的机械磨损。(The invention provides a method for reducing consumption of a wind generating set, which takes the judgment of the operating condition of the wind generating set as the judgment condition of the consumption reduction control logic of the wind generating set, adds the future predicted wind speed into the judgment of the wind-waiting shutdown logic of the wind generating set, adds the future predicted wind speed and the unpredicted wind direction into the yaw strategy of a fan, and starts the intermittent operation mode and the pressure control mode of an oil pump of a gear box according to requirements under different operating conditions. The power consumption is effectively reduced and is more than that of the power generation amount in the frequent starting and stopping process, the power generation amount of the wind turbine generator is integrally improved, and the mechanical and electrical consumption of key parts of the wind turbine generator is reduced; the unit can rapidly enter a power generation state after the future wind speed meets the start condition; the power consumption loss and unnecessary mechanical wear of the gear box are reduced.)

1. A consumption reduction method for a wind generating set is characterized by comprising the following steps:

judging the operation condition of the unit;

when the unit is in a power generation state, when the power generation power is smaller than the off-grid power, predicting the wind speed within a certain time T in the future by using predicted wind speed participation control logic, and when the predicted wind speed is smaller than the starting wind speed, delaying a period of time T1 and then entering a wind waiting shutdown state; when the predicted wind speed is higher than the starting wind, the unit continues to maintain the opening of the blades, and after the timing is finished if more wind energy is not captured in the period, the unit enters a wind waiting stop state;

when the unit is in a shutdown state, predicting wind speed within a certain time T in the future by using predicted wind speed participation control logic, predicting wind direction within a certain time T in the future when the predicted wind speed is greater than yaw starting wind speed and lower than the starting wind speed, delaying a period of time T2 when the deviation between the predicted wind direction and the actual position of the fan is within a preset range, and if the real-time monitored wind speed and the real-time monitored wind direction still meet the conditions, enabling the unit to enter automatic non-pressure yaw control until the unit tracks the predicted wind direction; if any condition of the wind speed and the wind direction is not met during the time delay t2, the unit enters a stop state and does not have yaw action.

2. The method for reducing consumption of a wind generating set according to claim 1, further comprising controlling the operation of the gearbox oil pump according to the operating condition of the set, and controlling the intermittent operation of the low-speed pump of the gearbox oil pump when the temperature of the oil pool of the gearbox oil pump is greater than the heating stop temperature threshold value when the set is in a shutdown state.

3. The method for reducing consumption of a wind generating set according to claim 2, wherein the controlling the operation of the gearbox oil pump according to the set operation condition further comprises:

when the unit is in the power generation state, compare pump inlet pressure and pressure threshold, realize different control function, specifically do: when the pump inlet pressure is greater than a first pressure threshold value, simultaneously stopping the low-speed pump and the high-speed pump, so that the gear box oil pump stops running; when the pressure at the inlet of the pump is smaller than a second pressure threshold value, starting the low-speed pump, and judging whether to start the high-speed pump according to the temperature of the oil pool and/or the temperature parameter of the bearing; the method specifically comprises the following steps: when the temperature of the oil pool is greater than a first high-speed starting oil temperature threshold or the temperature of a bearing is greater than a first high-speed starting bearing temperature threshold, starting a high-speed pump, and enabling a low-speed pump and a high-speed pump of an oil pump of the gearbox to run simultaneously; when the temperature of the oil pool is smaller than a second high-speed starting oil temperature threshold value and the temperature of the bearing is smaller than a second high-speed starting bearing temperature threshold value, the high-speed pump is stopped, so that only the low-speed pump of the oil pump of the gearbox runs;

the first pressure threshold value is larger than the second pressure threshold value, the first high-speed starting oil temperature threshold value is larger than the second high-speed starting oil temperature threshold value, and the first high-speed starting bearing temperature threshold value is larger than the second high-speed starting bearing temperature threshold value;

when the unit is in under the state of not generating electricity, compare pump inlet pressure and pressure threshold, realize different control function, specifically do: when the temperature of the oil pool is lower than the heating starting temperature threshold value, starting the low-speed pump and stopping the high-speed pump, so that the oil pump of the gear box runs at a low speed; when the temperature of the oil pool is not less than the heating starting temperature threshold value, judging whether the temperature of the oil pool is greater than the heating stopping temperature threshold value, and when the temperature of the oil pool is greater than the heating stopping temperature threshold value, starting the low-speed pump to operate intermittently, for example, operating for 5 minutes every 20 minutes; in the running process of the low-speed pump, if the temperature of the oil pool is greater than a first high-speed starting oil temperature threshold value and continues for a certain time threshold value, starting the high-speed pump, so that the low-speed pump and the high-speed pump of the oil pump of the gearbox run simultaneously; stopping the high-speed pump under the condition that the low-speed pump stops or the temperature of the oil pool is less than a second high-speed starting oil temperature threshold value, so that the oil pump of the gearbox runs at a low speed;

wherein the heating start temperature threshold is greater than the heating stop temperature threshold.

4. The method for reducing consumption of a wind turbine generator set according to claim 1, wherein the time delays T1 and T2 are less than or equal to the predicted time T.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a control strategy of a wind generating set.

Background

The main objective of wind power plant operation management is to generate electricity and benefit, open source throttling is a main means for increasing the profit of an electric field, the electricity consumption rate of a comprehensive plant and the material consumption of a fan are reduced, and the wind power plant operation management system has certain economic value for improving the production benefit of the electric field. And with the gradual increase of the single machine capacity of the wind generating set, the self-consumption electric quantity and the consumable material of the fan are also gradually increased. Because the self-power consumption and the consumable material of the fan are the inevitable loss of the fan power generation, the self-power consumption and the consumable material can only be reduced and cannot be eliminated, the self-power consumption and the consumable material consumption of the fan are reduced, and the purpose of improving the running economy of the wind power plant is achieved. With the aggravation of energy crisis and the gradual worsening of environment, wind power is developed unprecedentedly, but the related deep research on the problems of self power consumption and consumable material use of wind generation sets in many domestic and foreign wind power plants is not carried out yet. In order to increase the effective output of the wind turbine and reduce the consumption of materials of the fan, on the basis of the characteristics of the wind turbine, the power generation efficiency is improved, the loss of the materials of the fan is reduced and the power consumption cost of the fan is finally reduced by optimizing the hardware and software control logic of the wind turbine on the premise of not influencing the safety and the original performance of the wind turbine.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the control strategy of the existing wind generating set, the invention controls components such as a pitch system, a yaw system, a gear box and the like based on different working conditions of the wind generating set, thereby realizing the consumption reduction function.

A consumption reduction method for a wind generating set comprises the following steps:

judging the operation condition of the unit;

when the unit is in a power generation state, when the power generation power is smaller than the off-grid power, predicting the wind speed within a certain time T in the future by using predicted wind speed participation control logic, and when the predicted wind speed is smaller than the starting wind speed, delaying a period of time T1 and then entering a wind waiting shutdown state; when the predicted wind speed is higher than the starting wind, the unit continues to maintain the opening of the blades, and after the timing is finished if more wind energy is not captured in the period, the unit enters a wind waiting stop state;

when the unit is in a shutdown state, predicting wind speed within a certain time T in the future by using predicted wind speed participation control logic, predicting wind direction within a certain time T in the future when the predicted wind speed is greater than yaw starting wind speed and lower than the starting wind speed, delaying a period of time T2 and then entering automatic non-pressure yaw control if the real-time monitored wind speed and wind direction still meet the conditions until the unit tracks the predicted wind direction; if any condition of the wind speed and the wind direction is not met during the time delay t2, the unit enters a stop state and does not have yaw action.

The method also comprises the step of controlling the gear box oil pump to work according to the operation condition of the unit, and when the unit is in a shutdown state and the temperature of an oil pool of the gear box oil pump is greater than a heating stop temperature threshold value, controlling the low-speed pump of the gear box oil pump to operate intermittently.

According to unit operating condition control gear box oil pump work still include:

when the unit is in the power generation state, compare pump inlet pressure and pressure threshold, realize different control function, specifically do: when the pump inlet pressure is greater than a first pressure threshold value, simultaneously stopping the low-speed pump and the high-speed pump, so that the gear box oil pump stops running; when the pressure at the inlet of the pump is smaller than a second pressure threshold value, starting the low-speed pump, and judging whether to start the high-speed pump according to the temperature of the oil pool and/or the temperature parameter of the bearing; the method specifically comprises the following steps: when the temperature of the oil pool is greater than a first high-speed starting oil temperature threshold or the temperature of a bearing is greater than a first high-speed starting bearing temperature threshold, starting a high-speed pump, and enabling a low-speed pump and a high-speed pump of an oil pump of the gearbox to run simultaneously; and when the temperature of the oil pool is less than the second high-speed starting oil temperature threshold and the temperature of the bearing is less than the second high-speed starting bearing temperature threshold, stopping the high-speed pump, so that only the low-speed pump of the oil pump of the gearbox runs. The first pressure threshold value is larger than the second pressure threshold value, the first high-speed starting oil temperature threshold value is larger than the second high-speed starting oil temperature threshold value, and the first high-speed starting bearing temperature threshold value is larger than the second high-speed starting bearing temperature threshold value.

When the unit is in under the state of not generating electricity, compare pump inlet pressure and pressure threshold, realize different control function, specifically do: when the temperature of the oil pool is lower than the heating starting temperature threshold value, starting the low-speed pump and stopping the high-speed pump, so that the oil pump of the gear box runs at a low speed; when the temperature of the oil pool is not less than the heating starting temperature threshold value, judging whether the temperature of the oil pool is greater than the heating stopping temperature threshold value, and when the temperature of the oil pool is greater than the heating stopping temperature threshold value, starting the low-speed pump to operate intermittently, for example, operating for 5 minutes every 20 minutes; in the running process of the low-speed pump, if the temperature of the oil pool is greater than a first high-speed starting oil temperature threshold value and continues for a certain time threshold value, starting the high-speed pump, so that the low-speed pump and the high-speed pump of the oil pump of the gearbox run simultaneously; and under the condition that the low-speed pump stops or the temperature of the oil pool is less than a second high-speed starting oil temperature threshold value, the high-speed pump is stopped, so that the oil pump of the gearbox runs at a low speed. Wherein the heating start temperature threshold is greater than the heating stop temperature threshold.

The delays T1 and T2 are less than or equal to the predicted time T.

The method comprises the steps of taking the judgment of the operation condition of the wind turbine generator as the judgment condition of the consumption reduction control logic of the wind turbine generator, adding the future predicted wind speed into the judgment of the wind turbine equivalent wind stop logic of the wind turbine generator, adding the future predicted wind speed and the unpredicted wind direction into a fan yaw strategy, and starting an intermittent operation mode and a pressure control mode of a gear box oil pump as required under different operation conditions. The condition that the wind turbine generator can not effectively generate power and needs to frequently start and stop a fan to consume more electric energy under the condition that the wind speed is low is effectively avoided, the electric energy consumption which is more than that in the frequent starting and stopping process is finally reduced, the electric energy generation of the wind turbine generator is integrally improved, and the mechanical and electrical consumption of key parts of the wind turbine generator is reduced; the useless yaw electric quantity consumption of the fan in the period of low wind is effectively avoided, the wind direction is predicted in the future in advance, and the unit can quickly enter a power generation state after the future wind speed meets the start condition; the normal lubrication of the gear box can be ensured, and the power consumption loss and unnecessary mechanical wear of the gear box can be reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a logic diagram of consumption reduction control when the unit is in a power generation state;

FIG. 2 is a logic diagram of consumption reduction control when the unit is in a shutdown state;

FIG. 3 is a control logic diagram of a gearbox oil pump based on different operating conditions.

Detailed Description

The principles of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the appended drawings, which are provided by way of example to illustrate the invention and not to limit its scope.

The invention provides a consumption reduction method for a wind generating set, which comprises the following steps:

and judging whether the unit operation condition is a power generation state or a shutdown state.

The consumption reduction method when the unit is in the power generation state comprises an equal wind shutdown control logic. As shown in fig. 1, when the generated power is less than the off-grid power, the predicted wind speed participation control logic is used, that is, when the predicted wind speed is enabled =1, the wind speed within a certain time T in the future is predicted, and when the predicted wind speed is less than the starting wind speed, the wind waiting stop state is entered after a time delay of T1; and when the predicted wind speed is higher than the starting wind, the unit continues to maintain the opening of the blades, and if more wind energy is not captured in the period, the unit enters an equal wind stop state after the timing is finished. The delay T1 is equal to or less than the predicted time T. The starting wind speed converts the current air density into the wind speed under the standard air density.

The starting and stopping of the unit is a stage with high energy consumption in the running process of the wind turbine generator, and the service life of key components of the unit, such as a generator, a frequency converter, a pitch system, a contactor and the like, can be influenced by frequent starting and stopping of the unit. Generally, each fan of a wind field uses a meteorological wind measuring device to judge whether a starting condition is met, and under a low wind environment, the wind field is easy to start and stop frequently, but the actual power generation is less, and the self-power consumption loss of each part in the power generation period is difficult to make up. Meanwhile, aging and abrasion of all parts are accelerated, the running risk of the unit is increased, and long-term stable running of the unit is not facilitated.

Aiming at the problems, an equal wind shutdown logic optimization strategy is designed for a variable pitch system, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: when the predicted wind speed is enabled to be 0, the method is still executed according to the existing logic; when the predicted wind speed is enabled to be 1, when the unit does not meet the requirement of the minimum generated power and the predicted wind speed is lower than the starting wind speed in the future 15min, entering a wind waiting shutdown state after the countdown is finished; however, when the predicted wind speed is higher than the starting wind speed in the future 15min, the unit will continue to maintain the blades open to wait for capturing more wind energy, if the more wind energy is not captured in the period, the unit enters a wind waiting stop state after the timing is finished, and if the more wind energy is captured in the period, the unit can also break away from the lowest generated power lower limit to continue to maintain the power output. By introducing the predicted wind speed, the frequent startup of the unit under the working condition of low wind can be effectively reduced, and unnecessary power consumption is reduced.

A method of reducing consumption when a unit is in a shutdown state includes yaw control logic. As shown in fig. 2, a predicted wind speed participation control logic is used, that is, when the predicted wind speed is enabled =1, the wind speed in a certain time T in the future is predicted, when the predicted wind speed is greater than the yaw starting wind speed and lower than the starting wind speed, the wind direction in the certain time T in the future is predicted, when the deviation between the predicted wind direction and the actual position of the fan is within a preset range, after a time delay of T2, if the real-time monitored wind speed and wind direction still meet the conditions, the unit enters into automatic non-pressure yaw control until the unit tracks the predicted wind direction; if any condition of the wind speed and the wind direction is not met during the time delay t2, the unit enters a stop state and does not have yaw action. The preset range is preferably 8 ° to 30 ° here. The delay T2 is equal to or less than the predicted time T. The predicted wind direction and the actual position of the fan are values given based on the due north direction, and when the deviation between the predicted wind direction and the actual position of the fan is large, the fan can be controlled to yaw to the predicted wind direction position in advance, so that the fan can generate electricity quickly.

The method comprises the steps of taking the judgment of the operation condition of the wind turbine generator as the judgment condition of the consumption reduction control logic of the wind turbine generator, adding the future predicted wind speed into the judgment of the wind turbine equivalent wind stop logic of the wind turbine generator, adding the future predicted wind speed and the unpredicted wind direction into a fan yaw strategy, and starting an intermittent operation mode and a pressure control mode of a gear box oil pump as required under different operation conditions. The condition that the wind turbine generator can not effectively generate power and needs to frequently start and stop a fan to consume more electric energy under the condition that the wind speed is low is effectively avoided, the electric energy consumption which is more than that in the frequent starting and stopping process is finally reduced, the electric energy generation of the wind turbine generator is integrally improved, and the mechanical and electrical consumption of key parts of the wind turbine generator is reduced; the useless yaw electric quantity consumption of the fan in the period of low wind is effectively avoided, the wind direction is predicted in the future in advance, and the unit can quickly enter a power generation state after the future wind speed meets the start condition; the normal lubrication of the gear box can be ensured, and the power consumption loss and unnecessary mechanical wear of the gear box can be reduced.

The yaw motor consumes electric energy when working, and according to data statistics, the yaw consumed electric energy occupies 14% of the unit self-consumed electric energy, so that useless yaw is reduced, the brake pad loss can be reduced, the yaw system fault rate can be reduced, the unit self-consumed electric energy can be reduced, and the generated energy is indirectly improved. Therefore, when the wind speed cannot reach the starting wind speed of the wind turbine generator, the generator still drifts along the wind direction, and therefore unnecessary electric quantity is consumed.

Aiming at the problems, the yaw control optimization strategy under the shutdown state is designed for the yaw system, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: when the predicted wind speed is enabled to be 0, the method still executes according to the existing logic; when the predicted wind speed is enabled to be 1, when the unit is in a shutdown state, the predicted wind speed is higher than the yaw starting wind speed and lower than the starting wind speed in the future 15min, if the deviation between the predicted wind direction in the future 15min and the current fan position is within a certain range, after 15min delay, if the wind speed and wind direction conditions are still met, the unit enters non-pressure yaw control until the unit tracks the predicted 15min wind direction. And if any condition of the wind speed and the wind direction is not met during the 15min delay, the unit enters a shutdown state and does not have yaw action. The control strategy can effectively reduce the self-consumption of the unit in yaw when the speed of the unit is lower than the starting wind speed, and meanwhile, the unit tracks the future predicted wind direction, so that the unit can quickly enter a power generation state after meeting the starting condition next time, and the energy utilization rate of the unit is improved. In addition, on the premise of meeting the load safety of the whole machine, the non-pressure yawing is adopted, so that the abrasion of a yawing brake pad can be effectively reduced, the service life of the yawing brake pad is prolonged, and the purpose of reducing the operation and maintenance cost is finally achieved.

The predicted wind speed enable, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, is the enabling of whether the predicted wind speed participates in the control logic. Participating in control using only anemometer data when predicted wind speed enables = 0; using the predicted wind speed to participate in the control when the predicted wind speed enables = 1; the method is mainly used for avoiding that when the predicted wind speed is inaccurate and the fan cannot be started, the enabling is manually set to be 0, and the normal starting of the unit is guaranteed. Because the starting and stopping wind speeds designed by the unit are the wind speeds under the standard air density, the air density can be influenced by factors such as temperature, altitude and the like, and the actually measured wind speed needs to be converted into the standard air density.

The method also comprises the step of controlling the gear box oil pump to work according to the operation condition of the unit, as shown in figure 3, when the unit is in a shutdown state, and when the temperature of the oil pool of the gear box oil pump is greater than the heating stop temperature threshold value, the control low-speed pump of the gear box oil pump runs intermittently.

The control logic for controlling the gear box oil pump to work according to the unit operation condition further comprises:

when the unit is in the power generation state, compare pump inlet pressure and pressure threshold, realize different control function, specifically do: when the pump inlet pressure is greater than a first pressure threshold value, simultaneously stopping the low-speed pump and the high-speed pump, so that the gear box oil pump stops running; when the pressure at the inlet of the pump is smaller than a second pressure threshold value, starting the low-speed pump, and judging whether to start the high-speed pump according to the temperature of the oil pool and/or the temperature parameter of the bearing; the method specifically comprises the following steps: when the temperature of the oil pool is greater than a first high-speed starting oil temperature threshold or the temperature of a bearing is greater than a first high-speed starting bearing temperature threshold, starting a high-speed pump, and enabling a low-speed pump and a high-speed pump of an oil pump of the gearbox to run simultaneously; and when the temperature of the oil pool is less than the second high-speed starting oil temperature threshold and the temperature of the bearing is less than the second high-speed starting bearing temperature threshold, stopping the high-speed pump, so that only the low-speed pump of the oil pump of the gearbox runs. The first pressure threshold value is larger than the second pressure threshold value, the first high-speed starting oil temperature threshold value is larger than the second high-speed starting oil temperature threshold value, and the first high-speed starting bearing temperature threshold value is larger than the second high-speed starting bearing temperature threshold value.

When the unit is in under the state of not generating electricity, compare pump inlet pressure and pressure threshold, realize different control function, specifically do: when the temperature of the oil pool is lower than the heating starting temperature threshold value, starting the low-speed pump and stopping the high-speed pump, so that the oil pump of the gear box runs at a low speed; when the temperature of the oil pool is not less than the heating starting temperature threshold value, judging whether the temperature of the oil pool is greater than the heating stopping temperature threshold value, and when the temperature of the oil pool is greater than the heating stopping temperature threshold value, starting the low-speed pump to operate intermittently, for example, operating for 5 minutes every 20 minutes; in the running process of the low-speed pump, if the temperature of the oil pool is greater than a first high-speed starting oil temperature threshold value and continues for a certain time threshold value, starting the high-speed pump, so that the low-speed pump and the high-speed pump of the oil pump of the gearbox run simultaneously; and under the condition that the low-speed pump stops or the temperature of the oil pool is less than a second high-speed starting oil temperature threshold value, the high-speed pump is stopped, so that the oil pump of the gearbox runs at a low speed. Wherein the heating start temperature threshold is greater than the heating stop temperature threshold.

On the premise of ensuring daily lubrication of the gear box, the judgment of the unit operation condition is added into the operation logic of the original gear box oil pump, and the intermittent operation mode and the pressure control mode are started as required under different operation conditions. Meanwhile, the interval time and the operation time of the intermittent operation mode are properly lengthened. Before the unit enters a power generation state, the oil pump of the gear box is kept in an intermittent control mode with interval time and running time as control parameters, and the two parameters are properly lengthened on the premise of ensuring the lubrication requirement of mechanical gears in the gear box, so that the self-power consumption loss before power generation is reduced, and the service life of the motor is prolonged. Meanwhile, after the unit enters a power generation state, an inlet pressure control mode is kept, and sufficient lubrication of mechanical gears in the gear box during the operation of the unit is guaranteed.