阅读说明：本技术 实现壁挂式单相无源串联稳压的通信方法及其系统 (Communication method and system for realizing wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilization ) 是由 郭敏 肖静 黄金剑 于 2020-11-02 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种实现壁挂式单相无源串联稳压的通信方法及其系统,其方法包括：通过采集壁挂式单相无源串联稳压装置输入端的电压和电流；根据电压矢量迭加原理计算壁挂式单相无源串联稳压装置中各单元的控制策略,生成相应的控制策略指令；基于所述控制策略指令触发壁挂式单相无源串联稳压装置中各单元完成相应受控工作；采集壁挂式单相无源串联稳压装置输出端的电压和电流,统计计算电压合格率,评估输出端的电压质量；将壁挂式单相无源串联稳压装置所产生的监测数据通过远程通信的方式发送给电压监测系统主站。本发明使系统能提供电压偏差监测和电压合格率统计数据,监测数据可支撑供电企业开展低电压治理决策,丰富用电台区电压质量数据。(The invention discloses a communication method and a system for realizing wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilization, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the voltage and the current of the input end of the wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilizing device are collected; calculating a control strategy of each unit in the wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilizing device according to a voltage vector superposition principle to generate a corresponding control strategy instruction; triggering each unit in the wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilizing device to complete corresponding controlled work based on the control strategy instruction; collecting voltage and current of an output end of a wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilizing device, counting and calculating the voltage qualification rate, and evaluating the voltage quality of the output end; monitoring data generated by the wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilizing device is sent to a voltage monitoring system main station in a remote communication mode. The system can provide voltage deviation monitoring and voltage qualification rate statistical data, and the monitoring data can support power supply enterprises to develop low-voltage treatment decisions and enrich voltage quality data of power utilization areas.)

1. A communication method for realizing wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilization is characterized by comprising the following steps:

gather the voltage and the electric current of wall-hanging single-phase passive series voltage regulator device input, wall-hanging single-phase passive series voltage regulator device includes: self-coupling transformer T, switching module, shifting module, bypass module, voltage transformer TV1, voltage transformer TV2, current transformer TA1 and current transformer TA2, wherein: the switching module and the shifting module are arranged on a self-coupling transformer T in series, the bypass module is arranged on the self-coupling transformer T in parallel, the voltage transformer TV1 and the current transformer TA1 are arranged at the input end of the wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilizer in series, and the voltage transformer TV2 and the current transformer TA2 are arranged at the output end of the wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilizer in series;

calculating a control strategy of each unit in the wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilizing device according to a voltage vector superposition principle to generate a corresponding control strategy instruction;

triggering each unit in the wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilizing device to complete corresponding controlled work based on the control strategy instruction;

collecting voltage and current of an output end of a wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilizing device, counting and calculating the voltage qualification rate, and evaluating the voltage quality of the output end;

the monitoring data that produces wall-hanging single-phase passive series voltage regulator device is sent to voltage monitoring system main website through remote communication's mode, the monitoring data includes: the voltage and the current of the input end, the voltage and the current of the output end, the voltage qualification rate and the voltage quality of the output end.

2. The communication method for realizing the wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilization according to claim 1, wherein the remote communication adopts a three-layer reference model of 'enhanced performance architecture' specified in GB/T18657.3-2002, and comprises a frame format, a communication data format and a protocol description.

3. The communication method for realizing wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilization according to claim 1, wherein the remote communication comprises: communication requirements, communication protocols and protocol description contents.

4. The communication method for realizing wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilization according to claim 1, further comprising the following steps of:

the method comprises the steps of carrying out initialization processing on the wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilizing device, closing a circuit breaker and a bypass module on the wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilizing device, and disconnecting a switching module and a gear shifting module.

5. The communication method for realizing wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilization according to claim 4, wherein the control strategy instruction comprises: normal output instruction, low voltage treatment and high voltage treatment.

6. The communication method for realizing the wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilization according to claim 5, wherein the triggering, based on the control strategy instruction, each unit in the wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilization device to perform corresponding controlled work comprises:

when the control strategy command is a normal output command, closing the bypass module and disconnecting the switching module and the gear shifting module;

when the control strategy command is low-voltage treatment, the bypass module and the gear shifting module are disconnected, the corresponding switching unit in the switching module is closed, and the gear shifting module is closed to perform boosting treatment;

and when the control strategy command is high-voltage treatment, the bypass module and the gear shifting module are disconnected, the corresponding switching unit in the switching module is closed, and the gear shifting module is closed to perform voltage reduction treatment.

7. The utility model provides a realize control system of wall-hanging single-phase passive series voltage regulator which characterized in that, control system includes: wall-hanging single-phase passive series voltage regulator device and controlling means, wherein:

the wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilizing device comprises: self-coupling transformer T, switching module, shifting module, bypass module, voltage transformer TV1, voltage transformer TV2, current transformer TA1 and current transformer TA2, wherein: the switching module and the shifting module are arranged on a self-coupling transformer T in series, the bypass module is arranged on the self-coupling transformer T in parallel, the voltage transformer TV1 and the current transformer TA1 are arranged at the input end of the wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilizer in series, and the voltage transformer TV2 and the current transformer TA2 are arranged at the output end of the wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilizer in series;

the control device includes: A/D sampling unit, microprocessing unit, the control unit, the protection unit, qualification rate statistics unit and remote communication unit, wherein:

the A/D sampling unit is used for collecting voltage signals and current signals at the input end or the output end of the wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilizing device;

the micro-processing unit is used for analyzing the voltage signals and the current signals collected by the signal A/D sampling unit in real time, receiving the voltage signals and the current signals input by the remote man-machine interaction unit through a keyboard and displayed by a liquid crystal, forming query and control instructions, sending a control command to the control unit after analysis, sending the control command to the protection unit by the controller for detecting the occurrence of the ground fault at the load side, calculating the voltage qualification rate of the input side and the output side of the statistical device, and sending the voltage quality information of the transformer area to a remote system through the remote wireless communication unit;

the control unit is used for generating corresponding trigger pulses according to the control commands sent by the microprocessing unit, and the trigger pulses are used for driving the switching unit in the switching module;

the protection unit is used for generating corresponding protection pulses according to control commands sent by the microprocessing unit, and the protection pulses are used for driving the bypass module;

the qualification rate statistical unit is used for having the functions of voltage deviation monitoring and voltage qualification rate statistics;

and the remote communication unit is used for carrying out data communication with a main station of the voltage monitoring system and mastering the voltage quality condition of the transformer area.

8. The control system for realizing wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilization according to claim 7, wherein the control device further comprises a signal conditioning unit, the signal conditioning unit is connected to the input end and the output end of the wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilization device in series, the signal conditioning unit conditions the current signal and the voltage signal of the input end and the output end to proper ranges, and inputs the current signal and the current signal to the A/D sampling unit.

9. The control system of claim 8, wherein the control unit drives the scr using an optocoupler, transmits an electrical signal through a light medium, and the light emitter emits light when the input terminal receives the electrical signal, and the light receiver generates a photocurrent when receiving the light and outputs the photocurrent to the output terminal.

10. The control system for realizing wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage regulation according to claim 9, wherein the protection unit is used for realizing the driving of a bidirectional thyristor and a relay, the bidirectional thyristor driving adopts an optical coupler circuit as the control unit, and the relay driving adopts a triode.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of electric power, in particular to a communication method and a communication system for realizing wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilization.

Background

The number of devices in the low-voltage distribution network is large, and the terminal voltage is low in the daytime and high in the nighttime due to the influence of seasonality, production and life cycles; the voltage is low when the load is heavy in holidays, and the voltage is high when the load is light in other times; the voltage is low in winter and summer and high in spring and autumn. In order to apply the above changes, the power supply office personnel often need to shift the distribution transformer, and a line voltage regulator is preferably adopted for realizing the automatic adjustment of the line transformer area.

The line voltage regulator is mainly applied to low-voltage lines in an electric power system at home and abroad, can automatically regulate the transformation ratio to ensure a device with stable output voltage, is particularly suitable for lines with large voltage fluctuation or lines with large voltage drop, is arranged in the middle of a feed line, regulates the line voltage within a certain range, ensures the supply voltage of users, and reduces the line loss of the lines. At present, the technology of line voltage regulating devices at home and abroad is widely applied to 10kV and 380V systems.

Traditional line type regulator topological structure is simple, traditional line type regulator, as shown in fig. 1, the device work needs whole power to pass through autotransformer when compensating, this kind of traditional line type regulator itself needs to gather voltage signal and controls, but it does not possess functions such as the monitoring of voltage quality and voltage qualification rate statistics, need to install the voltage quality that the voltage monitor mastered the platform district, make the fusion of platform district equipment not realization multisource information, make unable effectual realization data communication between the voltage monitoring system main website.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a communication method and a system based on wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilization, aiming at solving the problem that the traditional line type voltage regulating device does not have the functions of voltage quality monitoring, voltage qualification rate statistics and the like, so that the data communication between voltage monitoring system master stations cannot be effectively realized.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

a communication method for realizing wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilization comprises the following steps:

gather the voltage and the electric current of wall-hanging single-phase passive series voltage regulator device input, wall-hanging single-phase passive series voltage regulator device includes: self-coupling transformer T, switching module, shifting module, bypass module, voltage transformer TV1, voltage transformer TV2, current transformer TA1 and current transformer TA2, wherein: the switching module and the shifting module are arranged on a self-coupling transformer T in series, the bypass module is arranged on the self-coupling transformer T in parallel, the voltage transformer TV1 and the current transformer TA1 are arranged at the input end of the wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilizer in series, and the voltage transformer TV2 and the current transformer TA2 are arranged at the output end of the wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilizer in series;

calculating a control strategy of each unit in the wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilizing device according to a voltage vector superposition principle to generate a corresponding control strategy instruction;

triggering each unit in the wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilizing device to complete corresponding controlled work based on the control strategy instruction;

collecting voltage and current of an output end of a wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilizing device, counting and calculating the voltage qualification rate, and evaluating the voltage quality of the output end;

the monitoring data that produces wall-hanging single-phase passive series voltage regulator device is sent to voltage monitoring system main website through remote communication's mode, the monitoring data includes: the voltage and the current of the input end, the voltage and the current of the output end, the voltage qualification rate and the voltage quality of the output end.

The remote communication adopts a three-layer reference model of 'enhanced performance architecture' specified in GB/T18657.3-2002, and comprises a frame format, a communication data format and a protocol description.

The remote communication includes: communication requirements, communication protocols and protocol description contents.

The method further comprises the steps of:

the method comprises the steps of carrying out initialization processing on the wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilizing device, closing a circuit breaker and a bypass module on the wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilizing device, and disconnecting a switching module and a gear shifting module.

The control strategy instructions include: normal output instruction, low voltage treatment and high voltage treatment.

The triggering of each unit in the wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilizing device to complete corresponding controlled work based on the control strategy instruction comprises:

when the control strategy command is a normal output command, closing the bypass module and disconnecting the switching module and the gear shifting module;

when the control strategy command is low-voltage treatment, the bypass module and the gear shifting module are disconnected, the corresponding switching unit in the switching module is closed, and the gear shifting module is closed to perform boosting treatment;

and when the control strategy command is high-voltage treatment, the bypass module and the gear shifting module are disconnected, the corresponding switching unit in the switching module is closed, and the gear shifting module is closed to perform voltage reduction treatment.

A control system for realizing wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilization, comprising: wall-hanging single-phase passive series voltage regulator device and controlling means, wherein:

the wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilizing device comprises: self-coupling transformer T, switching module, shifting module, bypass module, voltage transformer TV1, voltage transformer TV2, current transformer TA1 and current transformer TA2, wherein: the switching module and the shifting module are arranged on a self-coupling transformer T in series, the bypass module is arranged on the self-coupling transformer T in parallel, the voltage transformer TV1 and the current transformer TA1 are arranged at the input end of the wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilizer in series, and the voltage transformer TV2 and the current transformer TA2 are arranged at the output end of the wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilizer in series;

the control device includes: A/D sampling unit, microprocessing unit, the control unit, the protection unit, qualification rate statistics unit and remote communication unit, wherein:

the A/D sampling unit is used for collecting voltage signals and current signals at the input end or the output end of the wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilizing device;

the micro-processing unit is used for analyzing the voltage signals and the current signals collected by the signal A/D sampling unit in real time, receiving the voltage signals and the current signals input by the remote man-machine interaction unit through a keyboard and displayed by a liquid crystal, forming query and control instructions, sending a control command to the control unit after analysis, sending the control command to the protection unit by the controller for detecting the occurrence of the ground fault at the load side, calculating the voltage qualification rate of the input side and the output side of the statistical device, and sending the voltage quality information of the transformer area to a remote system through the remote wireless communication unit;

the control unit is used for generating corresponding trigger pulses according to the control commands sent by the microprocessing unit, and the trigger pulses are used for driving the switching unit in the switching module;

the protection unit is used for generating corresponding protection pulses according to control commands sent by the microprocessing unit, and the protection pulses are used for driving the bypass module;

the qualification rate statistical unit is used for having the functions of voltage deviation monitoring and voltage qualification rate statistics;

and the remote communication unit is used for carrying out data communication with a main station of the voltage monitoring system and mastering the voltage quality condition of the transformer area.

The control device further comprises a signal conditioning unit, the signal conditioning unit is connected into the input end and the output end of the wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilizing device in series, current signals and voltage signals of the input end and the output end are conditioned to a proper range by the signal conditioning unit, and the current signals are input to the A/D sampling unit.

The control unit adopts an optical coupler to drive the silicon controlled rectifier, light is used as a medium to transmit an electric signal, the light emitter emits light when the input end is electrified, and the light receiver generates photocurrent after receiving the light and flows out of the output end.

The protection unit is used for realizing the drive of the bidirectional controllable silicon and the relay, the bidirectional controllable silicon is driven by an optical coupling circuit which is the same as that of the control unit, and the relay is driven by a triode.

Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a communication method and a system based on wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilization, and the communication method and the system have the following beneficial effects:

the device has the functions of a voltage monitor by establishing a data communication method with a voltage monitoring system master station, can provide voltage deviation monitoring and voltage qualification rate statistical data, can support power supply enterprises to develop low voltage treatment decisions by monitoring data, enriches voltage quality data of power utilization station areas, is beneficial to power supply companies to develop voltage quality improvement work of residents aiming at application scenes such as low voltage transformation vacancy periods (waiting time from establishment to construction), remote mountainous areas, urban villages, seasonal load changes of users and the like in a purposeful plan, and has an important role in promoting economic and social development.

The control method and the control system based on the wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilization are different from the traditional line type voltage regulation device, 1) the control method can utilize the voltage vector superposition principle, only needs to compensate power or voltage to pass through an autotransformer, and greatly reduces the operation loss and the heat productivity of the wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilization device; 2) the wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilizing device only needs to compensate the power to pass through the autotransformer, compared with full power passing, the compensation power passing is lower than the capacity of the autotransformer needed by full power passing, so that the whole weight and volume of the device are further reduced, and the device can be mounted on a wall; 3) when the device normally operates and is not compensated, the output voltage of the device is almost equal to the input voltage, compensation voltage is generated through gear switching, vector superposition is carried out on the compensation voltage and the input voltage to obtain output voltage, and the problem that the traditional line type voltage regulating device is easy to have voltage interruption in the gear switching process is solved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a prior art line-type voltage regulator;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a wall-mounted single-phase passive series regulator according to the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an equivalent circuit structure in a complex frequency domain form of the wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilizing device according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a block diagram of the control principle of the wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage regulation system according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a control method based on wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage regulation according to the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a control device in the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a wall-mounted single-phase passive series regulator according to the present invention, which includes: self-coupling transformer T, switching module, shifting module, bypass module, voltage transformer TV1, voltage transformer TV2, current transformer TA1 and current transformer TA2, wherein: the switching module and the shifting module are arranged on a self-coupling transformer T in series, the bypass module is arranged on the self-coupling transformer T in parallel, the voltage transformer TV1 and the current transformer TA1 are arranged at the input end of the wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilizer in series, and the voltage transformer TV2 and the current transformer TA2 are arranged at the output end of the wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilizer in series. The switching module comprises a plurality of switching units, and the switching units form a parallel circuit and are connected to the self-even transformer T.

Each switching unit of the plurality of switching units comprises a switch subunit S and a switch subunit K, wherein: the switch subunit S is a mechanical switch, or a power electronic switch, or a compound switch; the switch subunit K is a mechanical switch, or a power electronic switch, or a compound switch. The power electronic switch is a thyristor, or a MOSFET, or an IGBT.

The gear shifting module comprises a gear shifting unit QD and a resistor R, and the gear shifting unit QD and the resistor R form a parallel circuit to be connected to the self-coupling transformer T. The gear shifting unit QD is a thyristor, or a MOSFET, or an IGBT. The bypass module comprises a quick bypass unit KS and a mechanical bypass unit JS, wherein the quick bypass unit KS and the mechanical bypass unit JS form a parallel circuit connected to the self-coupling transformer T. The wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilizing device further comprises a circuit breaker QF, and the circuit breaker QF is arranged at the input end of the wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilizing device.

Specifically, the wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilizing device comprises an autotransformer T, switching units S1, S2.. Sn, K1 and K2... Kn, a shifting unit QD, a resistor R, bypass units (a quick bypass unit KS and a mechanical bypass unit JS), a breaker QF, voltage transformers TV1 and TV2 and current transformers TA1 and TA 2. As for the S1, S2.. Sn, K1, K2... Kn, QD, and KS selection types, comprehensive consideration can be given in terms of performance and production cost, and the design unit can be selected from a mechanical switch, a power electronic switch, and a composite switch (a composite of a power electronic switch and a mechanical switch), and the power electronic switch can be selected from a thyristor, a MOSFET, an IGBT, and the like. The number of the gears of the autotransformer can be specifically designed according to the actual application requirement.

Based on the wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilizing device with the voltage monitoring shown in fig. 2, which is different from the traditional line type voltage regulating device, 1) the device can realize that only power or voltage is required to be compensated to pass through an autotransformer by utilizing the voltage vector superposition principle, so that the operation loss and the heat productivity of the device are greatly reduced; 2) the device only needs to compensate the power to pass through the autotransformer, compared with the full power to pass through, the compensation power to pass through than the full power to pass through the required autotransformer capacity reduction, thus the whole weight volume of the device is further reduced, make the device can mount on the wall; 3) when the device normally operates and is not compensated, the output voltage of the device is almost equal to the input voltage, compensation voltage is generated through gear switching, vector superposition is carried out on the compensation voltage and the input voltage to obtain output voltage, and the problem that the traditional line type voltage regulating device is easy to have voltage interruption in the gear switching process is solved.

Fig. 3 shows an equivalent circuit structure diagram of the wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage regulator device based on fig. 2 in the form of complex frequency domain, where in fig. 3, U is_iIs the input terminal voltage, U_oIs the output terminal voltage, U₁And U₂Respectively representing the input and output voltages, U, of the autotransformer₁₀And U₂₀Respectively representing the excitation voltages of the primary and secondary sides of the autotransformer, R₁And R₂Respectively representing the resistances of the primary and secondary windings of the autotransformer, L₁And L₂Respectively representing leakage inductance of primary and secondary windings of the autotransformer, n is the transformation ratio of the autotransformer, R_mAnd L_mRepresenting the excitation resistance and the excitation inductance of the transformer core, respectively, and δ is expressed as a function of the bypass switch.

In FIG. 3, the network equation is shown as

The formula (2) and (1) can be used for obtaining:

U₂₀(s)＝U₁₀(s)/n (3)

U₂(s)＝(R₂+sL₂)I₂(s)+U₂₀(s) (4)

substituting formula (3) for formula (4) to obtain:

U₂(s)＝(R₂+sL₂)I₂(s)+U₁₀(s)/n (5)

to satisfy the formula (2) in the equivalent circuit

I₂(s)＝-n*I₁(s) (6)

Further obtained by substituting formula (6) for formula (5):

nU₂(s)＝-n²(R₂+sL₂)I₁(s)+U₁₀(s) (7)

is modified by the formula (1)

U₁(s)＝(R₁+sL₁)I₁(s)+U₁₀(s) (8)

Elimination of U from formulae (7) and (8)₁₀(s) obtaining

In order to conveniently control the device in engineering, copper loss of the autotransformer is further ignored, the formula (9) can be changed into the formula (10), and the output voltage and the input voltage form a linear relation

U₂(s)≈U₁(s)/n (10)

Obtaining the output voltage of the device as a function of the bypass switch according to the voltage vector superposition principle

U₀(s)＝U_i(s)+δ(U₂(s)，0)＝U_i(s)+δ(U₁(s)/n，0) (10)

The control principle analysis of the wall-mounted single-phase passive series regulator device with voltage monitoring is performed according to the formula (10), and the following explanation of the control mode is based on the effective voltage value of the input power supply.

Based on the equivalent schematic diagram shown in fig. 3, fig. 4 shows a control schematic block diagram of the wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage regulator device of the present invention, which is specifically as follows:

(1) when the bypass switch is closed, that is, the output δ (-) of the bypass switch is zero, the device output voltage is the input voltage, and simultaneously, S1, S2.. Sn, K1, K2... Kn, and QD need to be turned off, so that the output side of the autotransformer is prevented from being short-circuited to burn the whole device, as shown in the mode 1 in fig. 4.

(2) The bypass switch is turned off, i.e. the output delta (-) of the bypass switch is U₁(s)/n, the device output voltage being a vector superposition of the input voltage and the autotransformer output voltage. The low voltage and the high voltage can be obtained by controlling the change of the homonymous end of the autotransformer under the same transformation ratio nGoverning, when the voltage is closed at K1 and S2 in figure 1, the input voltage is U₁Low voltage remediation can be achieved, as shown in mode 2 of fig. 4; that when S1 and K2 are closed, the input voltage is-U₁High voltage remediation can be achieved, as shown in mode 3 of fig. 4. That low or high voltage abatement capability may be controlled by different transformation ratios n, e.g. 1 and 2 being one n₁₂1 and 3 are n₁₃2 and 3 are n₂₃。

Fig. 5 shows a flow chart of a control method based on wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilization in the present invention, which specifically includes the following steps:

s501, collecting voltage and current at the input end of the wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilizing device;

based on the wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilizing device shown in fig. 2 to 4, the cable of the input end and the output end of the device is connected, the wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilizing device is initialized, and a circuit breaker and a bypass module on the wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilizing device are closed, and the switching module and the gear shifting module are disconnected.

S502, calculating a control strategy of each unit in the wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilizing device according to a voltage vector superposition principle to generate a corresponding control strategy instruction;

the control strategy instructions include: normal output instruction, low voltage treatment and high voltage treatment.

S503, triggering each unit in the wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilizing device to complete corresponding controlled work based on the control strategy instruction;

the triggering of each unit in the wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilizing device to complete corresponding controlled work based on the control strategy instruction comprises: when the control strategy command is a normal output command, closing the bypass module and disconnecting the switching module and the gear shifting module; when the control strategy command is low-voltage treatment, the bypass module and the gear shifting module are disconnected, the corresponding switching unit in the switching module is closed, and the gear shifting module is closed to perform boosting treatment; and when the control strategy command is high-voltage treatment, the bypass module and the gear shifting module are disconnected, the corresponding switching unit in the switching module is closed, and the gear shifting module is closed to perform voltage reduction treatment.

S504, collecting voltage and current of an output end of the wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilizing device, counting and calculating the voltage qualification rate, and evaluating the voltage quality of the output end;

s505, judging whether the wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilizing device operates abnormally or not, if the wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilizing device is judged to be abnormal, entering S506, and if the wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilizing device is judged not to be abnormal, re-collecting a voltage signal and a current signal at the input end of the wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilizing device so as to perform a re-sampling control process;

and S506, controlling the wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilizing device to enter a protection state by a trigger protection mechanism.

Specifically, when the device is normally stopped, if no abnormality occurs in the operation of the device, the bypass module, the switching module and the gear shifting module are disconnected. Specifically, the operation process of the wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilizing device is abnormal, the bypass module is closed, the switching module and the gear shifting module are disconnected, and the breaker of the disconnecting device is protected from being damaged.

The embodiment of the invention relates to a control system based on wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilization, which comprises: the specific structural principle of the wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilizing device is shown in fig. 2 to 4, and the detailed description is omitted here.

Fig. 6 shows a schematic structural diagram of a control device in the invention, and the control device comprises: A/D sampling unit, microprocessing unit, the control unit, the protection unit, qualification rate statistics unit and remote communication unit, wherein:

the A/D sampling unit is used for collecting voltage signals and current signals at the input end or the output end of the wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilizing device;

the micro-processing unit is used for analyzing the voltage signals and the current signals collected by the signal A/D sampling unit in real time, receiving the voltage signals and the current signals input by the remote man-machine interaction unit through a keyboard and displayed by a liquid crystal, forming query and control instructions, sending a control command to the control unit after analysis, sending the control command to the protection unit by the controller for detecting the occurrence of the ground fault at the load side, calculating the voltage qualification rate of the input side and the output side of the statistical device, and sending the voltage quality information of the transformer area to a remote system through the remote wireless communication unit;

the control unit is used for generating corresponding trigger pulses according to the control commands sent by the microprocessing unit, and the trigger pulses are used for driving the switching unit in the switching module;

the protection unit is used for generating corresponding protection pulses according to control commands sent by the microprocessing unit, and the protection pulses are used for driving the bypass module;

the qualification rate statistical unit is used for having the functions of voltage deviation monitoring and voltage qualification rate statistics;

and the remote communication unit is used for carrying out data communication with a main station of the voltage monitoring system and mastering the voltage quality condition of the transformer area.

The control device further comprises a signal conditioning unit, the signal conditioning unit is connected into the input end and the output end of the wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilizing device in series, current signals and voltage signals of the input end and the output end are conditioned to a proper range by the signal conditioning unit, and the current signals are input to the A/D sampling unit.

The control unit adopts an optical coupler to drive the silicon controlled rectifier, light is used as a medium to transmit an electric signal, the light emitter emits light when the input end is electrified, and the light receiver generates photocurrent after receiving the light and flows out of the output end.

The protection unit is used for realizing the drive of the bidirectional controllable silicon and the relay, the bidirectional controllable silicon is driven by an optical coupling circuit which is the same as that of the control unit, and the relay is driven by a triode.

It should be noted that, based on the low and high voltage signals and the cost performance sent by the control system, the switching unit is preferably a power electronic switch, and the topological structure of the device includes 2 sets of a plurality of power electronic switches S1, S2.. Sn, K1, K2... Kn, 1 contactor JS, an autotransformer T, a starting resistor R, a shifting unit QD, a breaker QF, voltage transformers TV1 to TV2, and current transformers TA1 to TA 2. The electronic switch adopts a bidirectional triode thyristor BTA16-400, and can pass 16A current when being normally conducted; the relay adopts JZC-22F, and 20A current can pass through the relay when the relay is normally conducted; the starting resistor adopts a high-power gold aluminum shell heat dissipation resistor RXG24, and the rated resistance and the power are respectively 10 omega and 75W; the coupling transformer is custom developed and the transformation ratio is shown in the following table.

Preferably, the signal conditioning unit conditions the signal output by the secondary side of the transformer to a proper range and sends the signal to the A/D sampling unit, wherein the voltage transformer adopts a current type voltage transformer TV31B02, the current sensor adopts a miniature precision current transformer ZMCT118F, and the conditioning comprises signal conversion and low-pass filtering.

Preferably, the A/D sampling unit receives a voltage signal which is conditioned into a proper voltage signal from the signal conditioning unit and is used for sampling by an AD sampling chip, the AD sampling chip mainly adopts an AD7934-6 chip which is a 12-bit high-speed low-power-consumption successive approximation type analog-to-digital converter, the power is supplied by a single power supply of 2.7V to 5.25V, the highest throughput reaches 625kSPS, a low-noise wide-bandwidth differential sampling and holding amplifier is arranged in the A/D sampling unit, and the input frequency up to 50MHz can be processed.

Preferably, the main processor adopts a CORTEX-M4 kernel-based microprocessor STM32F373VCT6, which has 2I 2C,2 SPI,3 USART, 1-way CAN,3 16-bit Sigma Delta ADC converters, 1 12-bit ADC converter, 3 12-bit DAC converters, 32KB SRAM and 256KB FLASH inside, and supports JTAG debugging.

Preferably, the control unit drives the silicon controlled rectifier by adopting the optical coupler MOC3081, the silicon controlled rectifier transmits an electric signal by taking light as a medium, the light emitter emits light when the input end is electrified, and the light receiver generates photocurrent after receiving the light and flows out from the output end, so that 'electricity-light-electricity' conversion is realized. The photoelectric coupler using light as medium to couple the input signal to the output has the advantages of small size, long service life, no contact, strong anti-interference capability, insulation between output and input, unidirectional signal transmission, etc.

Preferably, the protection unit mainly relates to the drive of a bidirectional thyristor and a relay, wherein the bidirectional thyristor drive adopts an optocoupler MOC3081 circuit which is the same as the control unit, and the relay drive is realized by adopting a triode 8050.

Preferably, the remote communication function is connected to the far-end voltage monitoring backstage through 2G/3G/4G remote communication, realizes that the data is looked over to the distal end, adopts the handsome low-power consumption wide area internet of things technique wireless communication ML5510 module of company, can realize the multiple communication mode of 2G GPRS/NB-IOT/4G LET, satisfies the wall-hanging single-phase passive series voltage regulator device application demand that contains voltage monitoring.

The control device is based on the control device shown in fig. 6, and is used for collecting the voltage and the current at the input end of the wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilizing device; calculating a control strategy of each unit in the wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilizing device according to a voltage vector superposition principle to generate a corresponding control strategy instruction; triggering each unit in the wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilizing device to complete corresponding controlled work based on the control strategy instruction; collecting voltage and current of an output end of a wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilizing device, counting and calculating the voltage qualification rate, and evaluating the voltage quality of the output end; the monitoring data that produces wall-hanging single-phase passive series voltage regulator device is sent to voltage monitoring system main website through remote communication's mode, the monitoring data includes: the voltage and the current of the input end, the voltage and the current of the output end, the voltage qualification rate and the voltage quality of the output end.

A data communication method between a wall-mounted single-phase passive series voltage stabilizing device with voltage monitoring and a voltage monitoring system master station comprises the contents of communication requirements, communication protocols, protocol descriptions and the like.

Preferably, the communication requirements include transmission procedures, retransmission mechanisms and byte order. Wherein the content of the first and second substances,

1) the transmission process comprises five processes of heartbeat detection, data uploading, data request, parameter configuration and event uploading, each process is composed of a plurality of one-to-one question and one-to-answer message receiving and sending initiated by a device or a master station, and a party actively sending the message can send the next frame of message only after receiving a confirmation message. The party receiving the message must send the confirmation message and then can actively send the message.

2) And when the retransmission mechanism adopts a TCP protocol for transmission within 30s, if the active sender does not receive the confirmation message of the receiver, the transmission is judged to be overtime. If the active sender does not obtain the confirmation after time out and does not exceed the retransmission times, the message is continuously retransmitted until the confirmation success datagram is received. This communication method requires that the number of retransmissions be 3. If the number of times of retransmission is exceeded, stopping the data transmission if the sender is the master station; if the sender is the device, resetting the connection with the master station and sending data again; if the retransmission is not successful for 1 time after the reset, the data transmission is stopped.

3) The byte sequence requires the data transmission sequence expression in the concrete frame structure, and the data is transmitted in the expression sequence; for the data item with the byte number more than or equal to 2, the data item is transmitted in the sequence of the low byte before the high byte.

The communication method adopts a three-layer reference model of 'enhanced performance architecture' specified in GB/T18657.3-2002, and comprises a frame format, a communication data format and a protocol description.

1 frame format

1.1 frame Format definition

The communication method adopts 6.2.4 FT1.2 asynchronous transmission frame formats of GB/T18657.1-2002, and the frame formats are shown in Table 1.

TABLE 1 frame Format

1.2 start of frame 68H

The start of a frame of information is identified, which has a value of 68H-01101000B.

1.3 device logical Address RTUA

To identify the ultimate initiator and recipient of a communication, the master station and device logical addresses are defined.

The device logical address is used to uniquely identify a final originating end and a receiving end of a communication during communication, and the three parts including a power supply company code, a manufacturer code and a device address code are shown in table 2.

TABLE 2 device logical addresses

1.4 Command sequence number SEQ

The command sequence numbers are used to distinguish the correspondence between the transmission and the response in the asynchronous communication process, as shown in table 3.

TABLE 3 Command sequence number

1.5 device control code C

The control code indicates the operation to be performed, see table 4.

TABLE 4 device control code

1.6 data Length L

L is the number of bytes in the data field, Hexadecimal Encoding (HEX), with the low byte preceding and the high byte succeeding.

1.7 DATA field DATA

The DATA field includes a monitoring point number (TN), a DATA Identification (DI), a DATA area (DATA), a Password (PW), and the like, and the structure thereof varies according to the function of the control code.

The monitoring point number TN consists of one byte, and the D0 bit is fixed as a device; FEH represents all monitoring points; FFH represents the device and all monitoring points; the data identification DI consists of two bytes.

1.8 check code CS

The remainder of the sum modulo 256 of all bytes, i.e., the binary arithmetic sum of bytes, starting from the frame start (68H) to the check code does not exceed an overflow value of 256.

1.9 end stop 16H

The end of a frame of information is identified, which has a value of 16H 00010110B.

1.10 frame splitting principle

For the return of the summoning command, if one data frame can not contain all data, the data frame can be disassembled into a plurality of data frame responses, the subsequent frame can be uploaded immediately before without the command of the substation system for requesting the subsequent frame, each disassembled frame is self-described, and the time, the number of points, the data identification and the like of each frame are only effective to the data of the frame.

2 communication data format

2.1 reading Current data

2.1.1 Master station request frame

The function is to request to read the current data or parameters of the device, and when the number of the monitoring point to be read is 01H, the data or parameters of the device are read; otherwise, the data of the monitoring point stored in the device at the latest time is referred to. The control code C is 01H; the data length L is 01H +2 m (m is the number of read data items). The master station request frame format for reading the current data is shown in table 5.

Table 5 reading current data master station request frame

2.1.2 device Normal response frame

The function is the normal response of the device. Control code C is 81H; the data length L is 01H + X (total length of all response data identifications and data contents). The read current data device normal response frame format is shown in table 6.

Table 6 read current data device normal response frame

If some data item, all required monitoring points in the request frame, do not have that item of data, then the data item is omitted and no corresponding data item is encoded. If more than one monitoring point is arranged, the data item contents are arranged according to the sequence of the monitoring points; if a certain monitoring point does not have the data item, filling an invalid mark FFH according to the length of the data item.

2.2 reading historical data

2.2.1 Master station request frame

Its function is to request the reading of the history data held by the device. The control code C is 02H; the data length L is 09H. The read history data master request frame format is shown in table 7.

Table 7 master station request frame for reading historical data

2.2.2 device Normal acknowledgement frame.

The device has the function of responding to the task data reading request of the master station normally or reporting task data actively. Control code: and C is 82H. Data length: L09H + X. The read history data device normal response frame format is shown in table 8.

Table 8 apparatus normal response frame for reading history data

2.2.3 task number assignment facilitates splitting task data frames

The splitting principle is that a group of data acquired by one task forms a data point, and the data point cannot be split, that is, a split data frame contains the contents of n data points, and any data point contains the value of a complete task-making data item.

2.3 writing object parameters

2.3.1 Master station request frame

The function is that the main station requests the device to set device parameters, monitoring point parameters and monitoring point data (only a clock can be set). The control code C is 08H; the data length L is 05H +2 m (m data item length). Write object parameters the master station request frame format is shown in table 10.

Table 10 write object parameter master station request frame

2.3.2 device Normal response frame

The function is to respond normally to the master station set parameter request. Control code C ═ 88H; the data length L is 01H +3 × m (m response data length).

2.4 Login

2.4.1 devices request to log on to the Master station

The function is to request to log on to the master station and establish data connection. The control code C is A1H; the data length L is 00H. The front-end processor should provide an interface to allow the password to be set.

2.4.2 Login confirmation

The function is that the front-end processor confirms the login request. The control code C is 21H; the data length L is 00H. The master station judges the device address, if the device address is matched with the device address, login is allowed, otherwise, the abnormal permission deficiency (indicated by a control code D6 bit) is returned. If a connection has already been established, the previous connection should be closed and replaced with the newly registered connection.

2.5 Login Exit

2.5.1 devices requesting disconnection of Master station connection

The function is to request to log out of the main station and close the data connection. The control code C is A2H; the data length L is 00H.

2.5.2 answering Login Exit

The function is to respond to system login and logout requests. The control code C is 22H; the data length L is 00H. The master station should answer and then close the connection.

2.6 Heartbeat detection

2.6.1 device heartbeat messages

Its function is to detect whether the link with the master station is normal. The control code C is A4H; the data length L is 00H.

2.6.2 Normal response detection

The function is to answer the detection request. The control code C is 24H; the data length L is 00H.

2.7 reading device monitoring Point event records

(1) Event records require active upload, while responses may be requested from the master station.

(2) The master station system requests a frame. Its function is to request reading of a watchpoint event record. The control code C is 26H; the data length L is 13. The device saves the last 256 event records at each monitoring point, and the event records are saved by adopting cycle coverage.

(3) The device responds to the frame normally. The device has the functions of responding to a master station event reading instruction and simultaneously serving as a device for actively reporting a monitoring point event message. The control code C is A6H; the data length L is 02H +9 × Num.

(4) The event encoding mode and the event record format are shown in table 20.

TABLE 20 event coding scheme and event record Format

(5) In the event active upload frame, the device upload control word C is 0x89 and the master confirms that control word C is 0x 09.

2.8 active upload of data

2.8.1 device request frame

The function is to actively send data (month statistical data and day statistical data) for 5 minutes, and it needs to be explained that the format is the same as the format of the historical data read by the master station, and only the control code is changed. The control code C is B4H; the data length L is 09H + X.

2.8.2 Master station response frame

The function is the normal answering device of the main station. The control code C is 34H; the data length L is 02H.

3 protocol description

3.1 data encoding and formatting

The HEX code is used hereinafter unless otherwise specified. A data item value of all FF indicates invalid. A data item (an ID number) contains a plurality of bytes, and is transmitted in the order of the lower byte before and the higher byte after.

3.1.1 device parameters

The device parameters are mainly configuration parameters related to communication and setting of the device

3.1.2 monitoring Point parameters

Device monitoring point parameter coding

3.1.3 monitor Point Voltage data

Device monitoring point voltage data encoding

3.2 error coding

Device normal reply frame data item error coding

3.3 device self-test results

The device is self-checked electrically and at intervals for a period of time, and the result is one byte.

The control method of the invention can more accurately and quickly solve the problem of low voltage or high voltage of users at any time, improve the satisfaction degree of electricity utilization of the users, reduce the risk of high-voltage operation of equipment, compared with the full power through autotransformer, the voltage vector superposition enables the compensation voltage to pass through the autotransformer, reduces the capacity of the autotransformer, the volume and the weight of the voltage regulator can be greatly reduced, wall-mounted installation can be realized, the running loss of the device is greatly reduced, the power electronic switch is adopted, the response speed is high, the charging resistor is arranged, voltage interruption caused by gear shifting is avoided, the problems of serious heating, large volume, heavy weight, slow response speed and the like of the traditional line type voltage regulator passing through by full power are solved, and the voltage regulator can be conducted and operated for a long time, meanwhile, a protection strategy is perfected, the device can be quickly bypassed due to abnormal operation, the device is effectively protected, and the device has strong applicability and flexibility.

The device has the functions of a voltage monitor by establishing a data communication method with a voltage monitoring system master station, can provide voltage deviation monitoring and voltage qualification rate statistical data, can support power supply enterprises to develop low voltage treatment decisions by monitoring data, enriches voltage quality data of power utilization station areas, is beneficial to power supply companies to develop voltage quality improvement work of residents aiming at application scenes such as low voltage transformation vacancy periods (waiting time from establishment to construction), remote mountainous areas, urban villages, seasonal load changes of users and the like in a purposeful plan, and has an important role in promoting economic and social development.

Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.