阅读说明：本技术 一种液氢瓶火烧试验装置 (Liquid hydrogen bottle burning test device ) 是由 陈静 李广武 朱晓彤 宋建军 申娟 赵康 王遥 周博文 丛中卉 郭嘉翔 景卓 于 2020-12-03 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种液氢瓶火烧试验装置,能够可对液氢气瓶进行局部火烧和整体火烧试验。该方案包括吹除与置换系统、液氢加注系统、燃烧系统、安全防护与泄放系统、以及测控系统。吹除与置换系统用于对液氢瓶进行气体的吹除与重置。液氢加注系统包括液氢源、液氢加注管路及其上安装的低温阀门；液氢源通过液氢加注管路连接至液氢瓶的介质入口。燃烧系统包括燃烧架、远程电子点火器、燃料输送管、燃料控制阀、燃料调节阀、汇流排、手动截止阀以及燃料瓶组。安全防护与泄放系统包括连接在液氢瓶介质入口的阀门护板和放空管路。测控系统包括温度传感器、压力传感器、数据采集模块、阀门控制模块和视频监控模块。(The invention discloses a liquid hydrogen bottle burning test device which can be used for carrying out local burning and overall burning tests on a liquid hydrogen bottle. The scheme comprises a blowing and replacing system, a liquid hydrogen filling system, a combustion system, a safety protection and discharge system and a measurement and control system. The blowing and replacing system is used for blowing and resetting gas for the liquid hydrogen bottle. The liquid hydrogen filling system comprises a liquid hydrogen source, a liquid hydrogen filling pipeline and a low-temperature valve arranged on the liquid hydrogen filling pipeline; the liquid hydrogen source is connected to a medium inlet of the liquid hydrogen bottle through a liquid hydrogen filling pipeline. The combustion system comprises a combustion rack, a remote electronic igniter, a fuel delivery pipe, a fuel control valve, a fuel regulating valve, a bus bar, a manual stop valve and a fuel bottle group. The safety protection and discharge system comprises a valve guard plate connected with a medium inlet of the liquid hydrogen bottle and an emptying pipeline. The measurement and control system comprises a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a data acquisition module, a valve control module and a video monitoring module.)

1. A liquid hydrogen bottle fire test device is characterized by comprising a blowing and replacing system, a liquid hydrogen filling system, a combustion system, a safety protection and discharge system and a measurement and control system;

the blowing and replacing system comprises a high-pressure gas source, a high-pressure gas pipeline, a first valve, a first pressure gauge and a first pressure transmitter;

the high-pressure gas source is connected to a medium inlet of the liquid hydrogen bottle through the high-pressure gas pipeline; the high-pressure gas pipeline is sequentially connected with a first stop valve, a first one-way valve and a first electromagnetic valve;

the liquid hydrogen filling system comprises a liquid hydrogen source, a liquid hydrogen filling pipeline and a low-temperature valve arranged on the liquid hydrogen filling pipeline; the liquid hydrogen source is connected to a medium inlet of a liquid hydrogen bottle through the liquid hydrogen filling pipeline;

the combustion system comprises a combustion rack, a remote electronic igniter, a fuel delivery pipe, a fuel control valve, a fuel regulating valve, a bus bar, a manual stop valve and a fuel bottle group;

the combustion rack comprises at least one group of combustion pipes, at least one combustion pipe is arranged in each group, and the combustion pipes are ignited by the remote electronic igniter;

one end of the fuel conveying pipe is connected with the combustion pipe, and the other end of the fuel conveying pipe is connected with the bus bar; the fuel input pipe is provided with the fuel control valve and the fuel regulating valve;

the fuel gas cylinder group collects fuel into the fuel delivery pipe through the bus bar; the manual stop valve is arranged at the joint of the fuel delivery pipe and the bus bar;

the safety protection and discharge system comprises a valve guard plate connected to the medium inlet of the liquid hydrogen bottle and a discharge pipeline, and the measurement and control system comprises a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a data acquisition module, a valve control module and a video monitoring module;

the temperature sensors are respectively arranged at a medium inlet of the liquid hydrogen bottle and at a contact part of the liquid hydrogen bottle and flame on the combustion rack, and are used for measuring real-time temperature and sending the real-time temperature to the data acquisition module;

the pressure sensors are arranged on the high-pressure gas pipeline, the fuel delivery pipe and the emptying pipeline, and are used for measuring the real-time pressure in the pipeline and sending the real-time pressure to the data acquisition module;

the data acquisition module receives real-time temperature and real-time pressure;

the valve control module is used for respectively controlling the first electromagnetic valve, the fuel control valve and the fuel regulating valve to be opened and closed according to the real-time temperature and the real-time pressure acquired by the data acquisition module;

the video monitoring module comprises an explosion-proof camera and display and storage equipment; the explosion-proof camera is used for collecting the test environment video in real time and sending the test environment video into the display and storage equipment for display and storage.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the venting line comprises an active venting line and a passive venting line; a heat exchanger and an emptying electromagnetic valve are arranged on the passive emptying pipeline;

the data acquisition module acquires real-time pressure on an emptying pipeline, and if the pressure on the emptying pipeline exceeds a set threshold value, the valve control module controls the opening of the emptying electromagnetic valve to release the pressure;

the heat exchanger is arranged in front of the emptying electromagnetic valve and used for heating the liquid hydrogen medium discharged from the liquid hydrogen bottle to a temperature higher than the working temperature of the emptying electromagnetic valve.

3. The apparatus of claim 1 or 2, wherein the measurement and control system further comprises an overpressure sensor; the overpressure sensor is arranged in the environment where the liquid hydrogen bottle is located and used for monitoring the pressure of air shock waves at different distances.

4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the combustion frame is comprised of a frame and a combustion tube; the combustion tube is supported at the bottom of the liquid hydrogen bottle by the bracket;

when the combustion tube is in combustion, flame contacts the bottom of the liquid hydrogen bottle.

5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein each group of the combustion tubes is provided with fuel through holes at equal intervals, the fuel through holes on the combustion tubes are provided at the same interval, and the fuel through holes on different groups of the combustion tubes are provided at different numbers and different positions;

the combustion pipes belonging to different groups are arranged on the combustion rack at intervals to form a combustion pipe row, and the combustion pipe row is fixed below the liquid hydrogen bottle by the combustion rack; the length direction of the combustion pipe is parallel to the axial direction of the liquid hydrogen bottle, and the number of the combustion pipes enables flame to wrap the half height of the liquid hydrogen bottle body from the side surface during combustion.

6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the combustion frame is provided with 3 sets of combustion pipes,

each group of combustion pipes is connected to the bus bar through a fuel conveying pipe;

each group of combustion tubes individually corresponds to one remote electronic igniter;

each fuel delivery pipe is sequentially provided with a fuel control valve, a fuel regulating valve and a one-way valve along the fuel delivery direction; wherein, pressure sensors are respectively arranged at two sides of the fuel regulating valve.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of safety detection of hydrogen fuel cell automobiles, in particular to a liquid hydrogen bottle burning test device.

Background

The liquid hydrogen bottle fire test is an important type test content of liquefied hydrogen storage and transportation equipment, the working capacity of a pressure relief device of a vehicle-mounted liquid hydrogen storage container under the condition of fire and the fire-resistant performance of the liquid hydrogen storage container are mainly examined, and the fire test result is an important basis for judging whether the vehicle-mounted liquid hydrogen storage container is qualified.

The united nations published UN GTR13 'Global technical and regulatory laws on hydrogen and fuel cell vehicles' in 2013, and the requirements of a basic performance verification test, a service termination condition verification test and the like are provided for the liquid hydrogen storage system for the vehicles, so that the performance test and the quality evaluation related national standard of liquid hydrogen storage and transportation equipment products are lacked at present.

Therefore, a scheme for a hydrogen storage cylinder fire test is needed to evaluate the fire test performance of the liquid hydrogen cylinder.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the invention provides a liquid hydrogen cylinder fire test device, which can perform local fire and overall fire tests on a liquid hydrogen cylinder, wherein test data is used for examining the safety performance of the gas cylinder under the condition of fire, so as to judge whether a liquid hydrogen storage container is qualified.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention comprises a blowing and replacing system, a liquid hydrogen filling system, a combustion system, a safety protection and discharge system and a measurement and control system.

The blowing and replacing system comprises a high-pressure gas source, a high-pressure gas pipeline, a first valve, a first pressure gauge and a first pressure transmitter.

The high-pressure gas source is connected to a medium inlet of the liquid hydrogen bottle through a high-pressure gas pipeline; the high-pressure gas pipeline is connected with a first stop valve, a first one-way valve and a first electromagnetic valve in sequence.

The liquid hydrogen filling system comprises a liquid hydrogen source, a liquid hydrogen filling pipeline and a low-temperature valve arranged on the liquid hydrogen filling pipeline; the liquid hydrogen source is connected to a medium inlet of the liquid hydrogen bottle through a liquid hydrogen filling pipeline.

The combustion system comprises a combustion rack, a remote electronic igniter, a fuel delivery pipe, a fuel control valve, a fuel regulating valve, a bus bar, a manual stop valve and a fuel bottle group.

The combustion rack comprises at least one group of combustion pipes, the number of the combustion pipes in each group is at least one, and the combustion pipes are ignited by a remote electronic igniter.

One end of the fuel conveying pipe is connected with the combustion pipe, and the other end of the fuel conveying pipe is connected with the bus bar; the fuel input pipe is provided with a fuel control valve and a fuel regulating valve.

The fuel gas cylinder group collects fuel into the fuel delivery pipe through the bus bar; the manual stop valve is arranged at the joint of the fuel delivery pipe and the bus bar.

The safety protection and discharge system comprises a valve guard plate connected to a medium inlet of the liquid hydrogen bottle and an emptying pipeline measurement and control system which comprises a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a data acquisition module, a valve control module and a video monitoring module.

The temperature sensors are respectively arranged at a medium inlet of the liquid hydrogen bottle and at a contact position of the liquid hydrogen bottle and the flame on the combustion rack, and are used for measuring real-time temperature and sending the real-time temperature to the data acquisition module.

The pressure sensor is arranged on the high-pressure gas pipeline, the fuel delivery pipe and the emptying pipeline and used for measuring the real-time pressure in the pipeline and sending the pressure to the data acquisition module.

And the data acquisition module receives real-time temperature and real-time pressure.

And the valve control module is used for respectively controlling the first electromagnetic valve, the fuel control valve and the fuel regulating valve to be opened and closed according to the real-time temperature and the real-time pressure acquired by the data acquisition module.

The video monitoring module comprises an explosion-proof camera and display and storage equipment; the explosion-proof camera is used for collecting the test environment video in real time and sending the test environment video to the display and storage equipment for display and storage.

Further, the emptying pipeline comprises an active emptying pipeline and a passive emptying pipeline; and a heat exchanger and an emptying electromagnetic valve are arranged on the passive emptying pipeline.

The data acquisition module acquires real-time pressure on the emptying pipeline, and if the pressure on the emptying pipeline exceeds a set threshold value, the valve control module controls the emptying electromagnetic valve to be opened for pressure relief.

The heat exchanger is arranged in front of the emptying electromagnetic valve and used for heating the liquid hydrogen medium discharged from the liquid hydrogen bottle to a temperature higher than the working temperature of the emptying electromagnetic valve.

Furthermore, the measurement and control system also comprises an overpressure sensor; the overpressure sensor is arranged in the environment of the liquid hydrogen bottle and used for monitoring the pressure of air shock waves at different distances.

Further, the combustion frame consists of a bracket and a combustion pipe; the combustion tube is supported at the bottom of the liquid hydrogen bottle by a bracket; when the combustion tube is in combustion, the flame contacts the bottom of the liquid hydrogen bottle.

Furthermore, fuel through holes are formed in each group of combustion pipes at equal intervals, the intervals of the fuel through holes of the combustion pipes are the same, and the number and the positions of the fuel through holes formed in different groups of combustion pipes are different;

the combustion pipes belonging to different groups are arranged on the combustion rack at intervals to form a combustion pipe row, and the combustion pipe row is fixed below the liquid hydrogen bottle by the combustion rack; the length direction of the combustion pipe is parallel to the axial direction of the liquid hydrogen bottle, and the number of the combustion pipes enables flame to wrap the half height of the liquid hydrogen bottle body from the side surface during combustion.

Furthermore, 3 groups of combustion pipes are arranged on the combustion frame, and each group of combustion pipes is connected to the bus bar through one fuel conveying pipe; each group of combustion tubes individually corresponds to one remote electronic igniter; each fuel delivery pipe is sequentially provided with a fuel control valve, a fuel regulating valve and a one-way valve along the fuel delivery direction; wherein, pressure sensors are respectively arranged at two sides of the fuel regulating valve.

Has the advantages that:

the liquid hydrogen bottle fire test device provided by the invention can carry out liquid hydrogen filling on a hydrogen storage container on site according to test requirements, then fuel is provided by the fuel gas bottle group, the bottom and the side surface of the storage container to be tested are heated by the combustion frame until hydrogen in the container is expanded by heating and then is normally discharged by a pressure discharge device (PRD) or the gas bottle is exploded under pressure, so that the safety performance of the storage container to be tested under the condition of fire is checked. In the burning process, temperature and pressure data are transmitted into the data acquisition system in real time through cables to be displayed and stored, and each air control valve is remotely controlled through the control system.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a diagram of a liquid hydrogen storage container fire test apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in detail below by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The invention provides a liquid hydrogen bottle fire test device, which comprises a blowing and replacing system, a liquid hydrogen filling system, a combustion system, a safety protection and discharge system and a measurement and control system as shown in figure 1.

The blowing and replacing system comprises a high-pressure gas source, a high-pressure gas pipeline, a first valve, a first pressure gauge and a first pressure transmitter. The high-pressure gas source is connected to a medium inlet of the liquid hydrogen bottle through a high-pressure gas pipeline; the high-pressure gas pipeline is connected with a first stop valve, a first one-way valve and a first electromagnetic valve in sequence.

Before filling liquid hydrogen into a liquid hydrogen bottle, the liquid hydrogen bottle needs to be blown off and replaced, nitrogen and hydrogen are adopted as gas in a high-pressure gas source in a blowing-off and replacing system, the gas pressure in the high-pressure gas source does not exceed 90% of the working pressure of the liquid hydrogen bottle, generally 50% of the working pressure of the liquid hydrogen bottle is suitable, firstly, the nitrogen is adopted for blowing off and replacing, then, the hydrogen is replaced, and before filling the liquid hydrogen, a micro-positive pressure environment of the hydrogen is kept in the bottle so as to ensure the safety of the filling process of the liquid hydrogen. Nitrogen and hydrogen enter the bottle through the medium inlet of the liquid hydrogen level respectively, and then can be discharged to the atmosphere through the vent line.

The liquid hydrogen filling system comprises a liquid hydrogen source, a liquid hydrogen filling pipeline and a low-temperature valve arranged on the liquid hydrogen filling pipeline; the liquid hydrogen source is connected to a medium inlet of the liquid hydrogen bottle through a liquid hydrogen filling pipeline.

After the liquid hydrogen bottle is blown off and replaced by gas, liquid hydrogen needs to be filled. The liquid hydrogen source used for the test is conveyed to a test site by a liquid hydrogen tank truck, the liquid hydrogen filling pipeline is a low-temperature hose, one end of the liquid hydrogen filling pipeline is connected with a liquid hydrogen outlet of the liquid hydrogen tank truck, the other end of the liquid hydrogen filling pipeline is connected with a medium inlet of a liquid hydrogen bottle, and after a low-temperature valve arranged on the liquid hydrogen filling pipeline is opened, medium liquid hydrogen can be filled into the liquid hydrogen bottle.

The combustion system comprises a combustion rack, a remote electronic igniter, a fuel delivery pipe, a fuel control valve, a fuel regulating valve, a bus bar, a manual stop valve and a fuel bottle group.

The combustion rack comprises at least one group of combustion pipes, and the combustion pipes are ignited by a remote electronic igniter; the combustion frame in the embodiment of the invention consists of a bracket and a combustion pipe; the combustion tube is supported at the bottom of the liquid hydrogen bottle by a bracket; when the combustion tube is in combustion, flame contacts the bottom of the liquid hydrogen bottle, and the liquid hydrogen bottle is subjected to a fire test. One end of the fuel conveying pipe is connected with the combustion pipe, and the other end of the fuel conveying pipe is connected with the bus bar; the fuel input pipe is provided with a fuel control valve and a fuel regulating valve; the fuel gas cylinder group collects fuel into the fuel delivery pipe through the bus bar; the manual stop valve is arranged at the joint of the fuel delivery pipe and the bus bar.

In the embodiment of the invention, the number of the combustion pipes on the combustion rack is at least one group, at least one combustion pipe is arranged in each group, the fuel through holes are arranged on each group of combustion pipes at equal intervals, the intervals of the fuel through holes on the combustion pipes are the same, and the number and the positions of the fuel through holes on different groups of combustion pipes are different. Each group of combustion pipes corresponds to a fuel delivery pipe, and after the fuel delivery pipes deliver fuel into each combustion pipe in one group, the fuel can be ignited and combusted through the fuel through holes. Because the number and the positions of the fuel through holes on the different groups of the combustion tubes are different, the purpose of adjusting the combustion part of the liquid hydrogen bottle can be achieved by using the different groups of the combustion tubes.

The burning tubes belonging to different groups are arranged on the burning frame at intervals to form a burning tube row, the burning tube row is fixed below the liquid hydrogen bottle by the burning frame, the burning tube row can be an arc-shaped surface and also can be a plane, if the burning tube row is the arc-shaped surface, the diameter of the burning tube row is equivalent to that of the liquid hydrogen bottle, and thus, the burning tube row can surround the bottle body of the liquid hydrogen bottle. The length direction of the combustion pipe is parallel to the axial direction of the liquid hydrogen bottle, and the number of the combustion pipes enables flame to wrap the half height of the liquid hydrogen bottle body from the side surface during combustion.

In the embodiment of the invention, 3 groups of combustion pipes are arranged on the combustion frame, and each group of combustion pipes is connected to the bus bar through one fuel conveying pipe; each group of combustion tubes individually corresponds to one remote electronic igniter; each fuel delivery pipe is sequentially provided with a fuel control valve, a fuel regulating valve and a one-way valve along the fuel delivery direction; wherein, pressure sensors are respectively arranged at two sides of the fuel regulating valve.

The fuel control valve is used for controlling the opening and closing of the corresponding fuel delivery pipe. The fuel regulating valve is used for realizing fuel input flow of the fuel delivery pipe by regulating the opening and closing of the valve when the fuel control valve is in an opening state, so that the corresponding combustion fire source can be effectively regulated.

The safety protection and discharge system comprises a valve guard plate connected with a medium inlet of the liquid hydrogen bottle and an emptying pipeline.

In the embodiment of the invention, the emptying pipeline comprises an active emptying pipeline and a passive emptying pipeline; and a heat exchanger and an emptying electromagnetic valve are arranged on the passive emptying pipeline.

The data acquisition module acquires real-time pressure on the emptying pipeline, and if the pressure on the emptying pipeline exceeds a set threshold value (namely a discharge value, which can be set according to the attribute of the liquid hydrogen bottle), the valve control module controls the opening of the emptying electromagnetic valve to discharge the pressure.

The heat exchanger is arranged in front of the emptying electromagnetic valve and used for heating the liquid hydrogen medium discharged from the liquid hydrogen bottle to a temperature higher than the working temperature of the emptying electromagnetic valve.

The hydrogen medium in the container is safely discharged through the discharge pipeline, wherein the active discharge pipeline is used for actively discharging the pressure of the liquid hydrogen bottle when the gas pressure in the liquid hydrogen bottle reaches a discharge value. If an accident happens, the opening of the emptying electromagnetic valve can be controlled through the active emptying pipeline so as to carry out active discharge of the hydrogen medium.

The measurement and control system comprises a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a data acquisition module, a valve control module and a video monitoring module.

The temperature sensors are respectively arranged at a medium inlet of the liquid hydrogen bottle and at a contact position of the liquid hydrogen bottle and the flame on the combustion rack, and are used for measuring real-time temperature and sending the real-time temperature to the data acquisition module.

The pressure sensor is arranged on the high-pressure gas pipeline, the fuel delivery pipe and the emptying pipeline and used for measuring the real-time pressure in the pipeline and sending the pressure to the data acquisition module.

And the data acquisition module receives real-time temperature and real-time pressure.

The valve control module is used for respectively controlling the first electromagnetic valve, the fuel control valve and the fuel regulating valve to be opened and closed according to the real-time temperature and the real-time pressure acquired by the data acquisition module;

the video monitoring module comprises an explosion-proof camera and display and storage equipment; the explosion-proof camera is used for collecting the test environment video in real time and sending the test environment video to the display and storage equipment for display and storage.

Through a measurement and control system, the temperature of the area near the outer wall surface of the gas cylinder is monitored in real time, the thermal response parameters such as gas phase pressure and the like in the combustion process are monitored, the burning process of the test liquid hydrogen cylinder is mastered, and the abnormal conditions of the test are judged and processed in time.

In the embodiment of the invention, the measurement and control system also comprises an overpressure sensor; the overpressure sensor is arranged in the environment of the liquid hydrogen bottle and used for monitoring the pressure of air shock waves at different distances.

In summary, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.