阅读说明：本技术 主轴结构及具有其的机床 (Main shaft structure and machine tool with same ) 是由 崔中 高威 何圳涛 耿继青 赵桢 于 2020-12-09 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种主轴结构及具有其的机床,主轴结构包括轴芯、轴承结构和轴承座,轴承座具有连通通道,轴芯穿设在连通通道上,轴承结构设置在连通通道内,轴承结构套设在轴芯上；隔环定位结构,包括母隔环和子隔环,子隔环套设在轴芯上,子隔环上设置有外螺纹,母隔环的内圈上设置有与外螺纹相适配的内螺纹,母隔环可转动地设置在子隔环上,以带动子隔环移动；驱动件包括连接设置的操作段和驱动段,驱动段上设置有第一齿形部,母隔环上设置有与第一齿形部相适配的第二齿形部,驱动段可活动地设置在轴承座的连通通道内并与母隔环配合,操作段穿出轴承座并位于轴承座的外侧。以解决现有技术中的不便于调节主轴结构的轴承预紧力的技术问题。(The invention provides a main shaft structure and a machine tool with the same, wherein the main shaft structure comprises a shaft core, a bearing structure and a bearing seat, the bearing seat is provided with a communicating channel, the shaft core is arranged on the communicating channel in a penetrating manner, the bearing structure is arranged in the communicating channel, and the bearing structure is sleeved on the shaft core; the spacer ring positioning structure comprises a female spacer ring and a male spacer ring, the male spacer ring is sleeved on the shaft core, the male spacer ring is provided with an external thread, an inner ring of the female spacer ring is provided with an internal thread matched with the external thread, and the female spacer ring is rotatably arranged on the male spacer ring so as to drive the male spacer ring to move; the driving piece is provided with first profile of tooth portion including connecting the operation section and the drive section that set up, on the drive section, female spacer ring is provided with the second profile of tooth portion with first profile of tooth looks adaptation, and drive section movably sets up in the intercommunication passageway of bearing frame and cooperates with female spacer ring, and the operation section is worn out the bearing frame and is located the outside of bearing frame. The bearing pretightening force adjusting device solves the technical problem that the bearing pretightening force of a main shaft structure is not convenient to adjust in the prior art.)

1. A spindle structure, comprising:

the bearing structure comprises a shaft core (10), a bearing structure (20) and a bearing seat (30), wherein the bearing seat (30) is provided with a communicating channel, the shaft core (10) penetrates through the communicating channel, the bearing structure (20) is arranged in the communicating channel, and the bearing structure (20) is sleeved on the shaft core (10);

the spacer ring positioning structure (40) comprises a female spacer ring (41) and a male spacer ring (42), the male spacer ring (42) is sleeved on the shaft core (10), an external thread is arranged on the male spacer ring (42), an internal thread matched with the external thread is arranged on an inner ring of the female spacer ring (41), and the female spacer ring (41) is rotatably arranged on the male spacer ring (42) to drive the male spacer ring (42) to move;

driving piece (50), driving piece (50) are including connecting operation section (51) and drive section (52) that set up, be provided with first profile of tooth portion (53) on drive section (52), be provided with on female spacer ring (41) with second profile of tooth portion (43) of first profile of tooth portion (53) looks adaptation, drive section (52) movably sets up in the intercommunication passageway of bearing frame (30) and with female spacer ring (41) cooperation, operation section (51) are worn out bearing frame (30) and are located the outside of bearing frame (30).

2. The spindle arrangement according to claim 1, wherein the bearing arrangement (20) comprises a first bearing (21) and a second bearing (22) arranged at a distance from each other, the spacer ring positioning structure (40) is arranged between the first bearing (21) and the second bearing (22), the female spacer ring (41) is provided with a first internal thread section and a second internal thread section, the first internal thread section and the second internal thread section are oppositely rotated, and the sub spacer ring (42) comprises:

the first sub-spacer ring (421) and the second sub-spacer ring (422), be provided with on the first sub-spacer ring (421) with first external screw thread section (44) of first internal thread section adaptation, be provided with on the second sub-spacer ring (422) with second external screw thread section (45) of second internal thread section adaptation.

3. Spindle arrangement according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the drive member (50) is movably arranged through the bearing block (30).

4. A spindle arrangement according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the drive member (50) further comprises an avoidance section (54), the avoidance section (54) being adapted to avoid the second toothing (43), the avoidance section (54) being arranged between the drive section (52) and the operating section (51).

5. The spindle arrangement according to claim 4, characterized in that the relief section (54) is a cylindrical section.

6. Spindle construction according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the cross-sectional area of the operating section (51) is polygonal.

7. A spindle arrangement according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the outer ring of the female spacer ring (41) is an inner concave surface on which the second tooth (43) is provided.

8. The spindle arrangement according to claim 2, characterized in that a first positioning groove is provided on the bearing seat (30), the first positioning groove having a first positioning step (61) and a second positioning step (62) arranged opposite to each other, the first bearing (21) abutting at the first positioning step (61), the second bearing (22) abutting at the second positioning step (62).

9. The spindle arrangement according to claim 8, characterized in that a second positioning slot (70) is further provided on the bearing seat (30), the second positioning slot (70) being provided in the first positioning slot, the female spacer ring (41) being rotatably provided in the second positioning slot (70).

10. The spindle structure according to claim 2, further comprising:

the first spacing ring (81) is sleeved on the shaft core (10), and the first spacing ring (81) is arranged between the first bearing (21) and the first sub spacing ring (421); and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,

and the second spacer ring (82) is sleeved on the shaft core (10), and the second spacer ring (82) is arranged between the second bearing (22) and the second sub spacer ring (422).

11. A machine tool comprising a spindle structure according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of machine tools, in particular to a spindle structure and a machine tool with the spindle structure.

Background

At present, the main shaft bearing pre-tightening modes in the prior art mainly include constant pressure pre-tightening and positioning pre-tightening, the constant pressure pre-tightening is realized by applying preset pressure on the bearing, the positioning pre-tightening is realized by positioning the bearing at a fixed position, and the pre-tightening forces of the two pre-tightening modes are fixed in the main shaft design stage.

However, with the two pretensioning methods, the pretension cannot be adjusted after the whole main shaft is assembled. If the pre-tightening force of the constant-pressure pre-tightening is required to be adjusted, the main shaft needs to be disassembled firstly, and then the height of the stud on the bearing seat is adjusted to adjust the compression amount of the pre-tightening spring. If the pretightening force of the positioning pretightening force needs to be adjusted, the main shaft needs to be disassembled, and then the main shaft is reassembled, so that the widths of the inner space ring and the outer space ring between the bearing groups are beneficial, the clearance between the bearing groups is changed, and the pretightening force is changed. The adjusting mode for adjusting the pretightening force is complex and inconvenient to operate.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly aims to provide a main shaft structure and a machine tool with the same, and aims to solve the technical problem that the bearing pretightening force of the main shaft structure is inconvenient to adjust in the prior art.

In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a spindle structure including: the bearing seat is provided with a communicating channel, the shaft core is arranged on the communicating channel in a penetrating way, the bearing structure is arranged in the communicating channel, and the bearing structure is sleeved on the shaft core; the spacer ring positioning structure comprises a female spacer ring and a male spacer ring, the male spacer ring is sleeved on the shaft core, the male spacer ring is provided with an external thread, an inner ring of the female spacer ring is provided with an internal thread matched with the external thread, and the female spacer ring is rotatably arranged on the male spacer ring so as to drive the male spacer ring to move; the driving part comprises an operation section and a driving section, the operation section and the driving section are connected and arranged, a first tooth-shaped portion is arranged on the driving section, a second tooth-shaped portion matched with the first tooth-shaped portion is arranged on the female spacer ring, the driving section is movably arranged in a communicating channel of the bearing seat and matched with the female spacer ring, and the operation section penetrates out of the bearing seat and is located on the outer side of the bearing seat.

Further, bearing structure includes first bearing and the second bearing that the interval set up, and spacer ring location structure sets up between first bearing and second bearing, is provided with first internal thread section and second internal thread section on the female spacer ring, and the rotation direction of first internal thread section and second internal thread section is opposite, and son spacer ring includes: the first external thread section is matched with the first internal thread section, and the second external thread section is matched with the second internal thread section.

Further, the driving piece is movably arranged on the bearing seat in a penetrating mode.

Furthermore, the driving part further comprises an avoiding section, the avoiding section is used for avoiding the second tooth-shaped part, and the avoiding section is arranged between the driving section and the operating section.

Further, the avoiding section is a cylindrical section.

Further, the cross-sectional area of the operation section is polygonal.

Further, the outer ring of the female spacer ring is an inner concave surface, and the second tooth-shaped part is arranged on the inner concave surface.

Furthermore, a first positioning groove is formed in the bearing seat, the first positioning groove is provided with a first positioning step and a second positioning step which are arranged oppositely, the first bearing is abutted to the first positioning step, and the second bearing is abutted to the second positioning step.

Furthermore, a second positioning groove is further formed in the bearing seat, the second positioning groove is formed in the first positioning groove, and the female spacer ring is rotatably arranged in the second positioning groove.

Further, the spindle structure further includes: the first spacer ring is sleeved on the shaft core and arranged between the first bearing and the first sub spacer ring; and/or the second spacer ring is sleeved on the shaft core and arranged between the second bearing and the second sub spacer ring.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a machine tool comprising a spindle arrangement, the spindle arrangement being as provided above.

By applying the technical scheme of the invention, a worker can drive the driving section to move by operating the operation section, and drives the female spacing ring to rotate when the first tooth-shaped part of the driving section is meshed with the second tooth-shaped part of the female spacing ring, so that the female spacing ring is driven to move along the axial direction of the shaft core under the threaded fit of the female spacing ring and the male spacing ring, the male spacing ring is driven to move to a position at which at least part of the bearing structure is abutted, the bearing structure is positioned, and the pre-tightening force can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the male spacing ring. The structure is simple, the realization is convenient, and the operation is simple and convenient. Therefore, the main shaft structure provided by the invention can solve the technical problem that the bearing pretightening force of the main shaft structure is inconvenient to adjust in the prior art.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic structural view of a spacer ring positioning structure provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 illustrates an exploded view of a spacer ring positioning structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 illustrates a schematic diagram of the spacer ring locating structure and the driving member provided by the embodiment of the invention;

fig. 4 shows a cross-sectional view of a spindle structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

Wherein the figures include the following reference numerals:

10. a shaft core; 20. a bearing structure; 21. a first bearing; 22. a second bearing; 30. a bearing seat; 40. a spacer ring positioning structure; 41. a female spacer ring; 42. a sub-spacer ring; 421. a first sub-spacer ring; 422. a second sub-spacer ring; 43. a second tooth-shaped portion; 44. a first external thread section; 45. a second outer thread section; 50. a drive member; 51. an operation section; 52. a drive section; 53. a first tooth-shaped portion; 54. an avoidance section; 61. a first positioning step; 62. a second positioning step; 70. a second positioning groove; 81. a first spacer ring; 82. a second spacer ring; 90. an electric motor assembly.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, an embodiment of the present invention provides a spindle structure, which includes a spindle core 10, a bearing structure 20, a bearing seat 30, a spacer ring positioning structure 40, a driving element 50, and a motor assembly 90, wherein the motor assembly 90 is sleeved on the spindle core 10. The bearing seat 30 has a communicating channel, the shaft core 10 is disposed on the communicating channel, the bearing structure 20 is disposed in the communicating channel, and the bearing structure 20 is sleeved on the shaft core 10. The spacer ring positioning structure 40 comprises a female spacer ring 41 and a male spacer ring 42, the male spacer ring 42 is sleeved on the shaft core 10, the male spacer ring 42 is provided with an external thread, an inner ring of the female spacer ring 41 is provided with an internal thread matched with the external thread, the female spacer ring 41 is rotatably arranged on the male spacer ring 42 to drive the male spacer ring 42 to move on the shaft core 10, the male spacer ring 42 is abutted against the bearing structure 20, and the clearance in the bearing structure 20 is changed by moving the position of the male spacer ring 42. The driving member 50 includes an operation section 51 and a driving section 52, which are connected to each other, the driving section 52 is provided with a first tooth-shaped portion 53, the female spacer ring 41 is provided with a second tooth-shaped portion 43 adapted to the first tooth-shaped portion 53, the driving section 52 is movably disposed in the communication channel of the bearing seat 30 and is matched with the female spacer ring 41, and the operation section 51 penetrates through the bearing seat 30 and is located outside the bearing seat 30.

By adopting the spindle structure provided by the embodiment, a worker can drive the driving section 52 to move by operating the operating section 51, and drive the female spacer ring 41 to rotate when the first tooth-shaped portion 53 of the driving section 52 is engaged with the second tooth-shaped portion 43 of the female spacer ring 41, so that the female spacer ring 41 and the female spacer ring 42 are in threaded fit to drive the female spacer ring 42 to move along the axial direction of the shaft core 10, and drive the female spacer ring 42 to move to a position at which at least a part of the bearing structure 20 abuts against, so as to position the bearing structure 20, and thus the magnitude of the pre-tightening force can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the female spacer ring 42. The structure is simple, the realization is convenient, and the operation is simple and convenient. Therefore, through the main shaft structure that this embodiment provided, can solve the technical problem of the bearing pretightning force of the main shaft structure of being not convenient for adjust among the prior art to fundamentally solved and controlled the not enough and great problem that generates heat of bearing rigidity.

Specifically, when the main shaft structure is in failure and needs to be maintained, the problems of overlarge heat generation, undersize rigidity and the like of the bearing structure 20 cannot be adjusted and improved through the pre-tightening of the bearing structure 20, the technical scheme of the invention can bring great convenience to the maintenance work of the main shaft structure, and the pre-tightening state of the bearing structure 20 can be improved under the condition that the main shaft structure is not disassembled, so that the rigidity and the heat generation condition of the main shaft structure are improved.

Specifically, the female spacer ring 41 may be of a turbine structure, and correspondingly, the driving section 52 of the driving member 50 is of a worm structure, and the driving member 50 is movably disposed on the bearing seat 30. Alternatively, the female spacer ring 41 may have a gear structure, and correspondingly, the driving section 52 of the driving member 50 also has a gear structure, and the driving member 50 is rotatably disposed on the bearing seat 30. Alternatively, the female spacer 41 may have a worm gear structure, and the female spacer 42 may have a ring-surface worm, a conical worm, or the like. The structure of the female spacer 41 and the structure of the driver 50 in the present embodiment are not limited to the above-described embodiments, as long as the driver 50 can rotate the female spacer 41.

Specifically, the bearing seat 30 in this embodiment is provided with a first through hole and a second through hole, both the first through hole and the second through hole are communicated with the communication channel, the driving member 50 is disposed through the first through hole and the second through hole, and the first through hole and the second through hole are symmetrically disposed on the bearing seat 30. With the above structure, it is possible to easily restrict and guide the movement of the driving member 50 through the first through hole and the second through hole, so that the driving member 50 can stably move and drive the female spacer 41 to rotate.

In the present embodiment, the bearing structure 20 includes a first bearing 21 and a second bearing 22 which are arranged at intervals, a spacer ring positioning structure 40 is arranged between the first bearing 21 and the second bearing 22, and a female spacer ring 41 is provided with a first internal thread section and a second internal thread section, and the rotation directions of the first internal thread section and the second internal thread section are opposite. The sub-spacer ring 42 comprises a first sub-spacer ring 421 and a second sub-spacer ring 422, the first sub-spacer ring 421 is provided with a first external thread section 44 matched with the first internal thread section, and the second sub-spacer ring 422 is provided with a second external thread section 45 matched with the second internal thread section. With such a structural arrangement, when the female spacer 41 rotates, the first sub spacer 421 and the second sub spacer 422 approach to each other or separate from each other, and the distance between the first bearing 21 and the second bearing 22 is changed by changing the distance between the first sub spacer 421 and the second sub spacer 422, so that the play between the bearing structures 20 can be adjusted, and the preload of the bearing structures 20 can be adjusted. The structure layout is compact, the action is reliable, and the pretightening force of the bearing structure 20 can be stably adjusted.

Specifically, by adopting the spindle structure provided by the embodiment, the relative displacement of the inner ring of the bearing structure 20 can be changed by changing the meshing position of the adjusting worm and the worm wheel under the condition that the spindle structure is not detached, and the worm is used for adjusting the rotation of the female spacer ring 41 in the circumferential direction, so that the aim of adjusting the pretightening force of the bearing structure 20 is fulfilled. Compared with the traditional bearing positioning and pre-tightening mode, the pre-tightening force fine-tuning device can perform fine tuning on the pre-tightening force after the main shaft structure is assembled, saves the work of disassembling the main shaft structure, reduces the maintenance difficulty of the main shaft structure, and simultaneously enables the heating condition of the bearing structure 20 and the rigidity of the shaft core 10 of the main shaft to be controllable.

Specifically, through the matching of the left-hand thread and the right-hand thread of the female spacer ring 41 with the first sub spacer ring 421 and the second sub spacer ring 422 respectively, the first sub spacer ring 421 and the second sub spacer ring 422 can be positioned and increased or decreased in the synchronous axial direction by rotating the female spacer ring 41, so that the distance between the bearing structures 20 (the distance between the first bearing 21 and the second bearing 22) is adjusted, and the adjustment of the pretightening force is realized.

Specifically, the female spacer ring 41 in this embodiment is a worm gear structure, and the driving section 52 of the driving member 50 is a worm gear structure. The driving member 50 is movably disposed on the bearing seat 30 to drive the female spacer 41 to rotate by matching the driving section 52 of the driving member 50 with the female spacer 41, and drive the male spacer 42 to move on the shaft core 10 by rotating the female spacer 41, specifically, drive the first male spacer 421 and the second male spacer 422 to approach or separate from each other by rotating the female spacer 41. By adopting the structure, the pre-tightening force of the bearing structure 20 can be adjusted by a worker only by moving the driving piece 50, and the operation is simple, convenient and reliable.

In the present embodiment, the driving member 50 further includes an avoidance segment 54, the avoidance segment 54 is used for avoiding the second tooth portion 43, and the avoidance segment 54 is disposed between the driving segment 52 and the operating segment 51. With the structure, when the driving element 50 moves to the position where the driving section 52 corresponds to the female spacing ring 41, the driving section 52 drives the female spacing ring 41 to rotate; when the driving member 50 moves to the position where the avoiding section 54 corresponds to the female spacer ring 41, the avoiding section 54 is arranged to avoid the female spacer ring 41, specifically, the outer wall surface of the avoiding section 54 is matched with the second toothed portion 43, so that the outer wall surface of the avoiding section 54 avoids the second toothed portion 43, and thus, the avoiding section 54 cannot drive the female spacer ring 41 to rotate, so that the bearing structure 20 is kept in the current pretightening force state. By adopting the structure, when the driving element 50 moves to the position where the avoiding section 54 is opposite to the second tooth-shaped part 43, the current pretightening force state can be maintained, and the pretightening force can be prevented from being adjusted when the driving element 50 is pushed by misoperation.

Specifically, the avoiding section 54 in this embodiment is a cylindrical section, so that the second toothed portion 43 can be effectively avoided, the cylindrical section cannot be meshed with the second toothed portion 43, the avoiding section 54 can stably avoid the second toothed portion 43, and the female spacer ring 41 does not rotate, so that the bearing structure 20 can be stably maintained at the current play.

In the present embodiment, the cross-sectional area of the operation section 51 is polygonal to facilitate the operation of the worker. Specifically, the cross-sectional area of the operation section 51 is hexagonal, even if the operation section 51 is in the form of outer hexagonal, so that the external force can be transmitted to the female spacer ring 41 by using a tool in a fine and labor-saving manner, and the play can be adjusted according to the use requirement, thereby adjusting the pre-tightening force of the bearing structure 20.

Specifically, the outer ring of the female spacer 41 in this embodiment is an inner concave surface, and the second tooth portion 43 is disposed on the inner concave surface. Specifically, the female spacer ring 41 has a first end and a second end disposed opposite to each other along the axial direction of the female spacer ring 41, and the middle portion of the female spacer ring 41 is lower than the first end and the second end, so that the female spacer ring 41 has a concave structure. Adopt such structure setting, can provide certain accommodation space for driving piece 50 through setting up the interior concave surface, compare in normal ring structure, saved the inner space that driving piece 50 occupy, be convenient for improve the compactness of the inner space of bearing frame 30, optimize structural layout.

In the present embodiment, the bearing seat 30 is provided with a first positioning groove having a first positioning step 61 and a second positioning step 62 which are oppositely arranged, the first bearing 21 abuts against the first positioning step 61, and the second bearing 22 abuts against the second positioning step 62. With the adoption of the structure, the first bearing 21 and the second bearing 22 can be conveniently and stably limited by the first positioning step 61 and the second positioning step 62, and the stability of the structure is improved.

Specifically, the bearing seat 30 in this embodiment is further provided with a second positioning groove 70, the second positioning groove 70 is disposed in the first positioning groove (both the first positioning groove and the second positioning groove 70 are annular grooves), and the female spacer ring 41 is rotatably disposed in the second positioning groove 70. Adopt such structure setting, can be convenient for improve the spacing stability to female spacer ring 41 to make female spacer ring 41 rotate at second constant head tank 70 steadily, simultaneously through setting up second constant head tank 70 in first constant head tank, can improve setting up the compactedness of the inside structure of bearing frame 30, optimize structural layout.

Specifically, the main shaft structure further includes a first spacer ring 81, the first spacer ring 81 is sleeved on the shaft core 10, and the first spacer ring 81 is disposed between the first bearing 21 and the first sub spacer ring 421. Or, the main shaft structure further includes a second spacer ring 82, the second spacer ring 82 is sleeved on the shaft core 10, and the second spacer ring 82 is disposed between the second bearing 22 and the second sub spacer ring 422. Or, the main shaft structure further includes a first spacer ring 81 and a second spacer ring 82, the first spacer ring 81 is sleeved on the shaft core 10, the first spacer ring 81 is disposed between the first bearing 21 and the first sub spacer ring 421, the second spacer ring 82 is sleeved on the shaft core 10, and the second spacer ring 82 is disposed between the second bearing 22 and the second sub spacer ring 422.

Preferably, the spindle structure in this embodiment further includes a first spacer ring 81 and a second spacer ring 82, the first spacer ring 81 is sleeved on the spindle core 10, the first spacer ring 81 is disposed between the first bearing 21 and the first sub spacer ring 421, the second spacer ring 82 is sleeved on the spindle core 10, and the second spacer ring 82 is disposed between the second bearing 22 and the second sub spacer ring 422. With such a structure, on the one hand, a certain gap can be formed between the first bearing 21 and the second bearing 22 by the first spacer ring 81 and the second spacer ring 82, and the play of the bearing structure 20 can be adjusted on the basis of the gap between the first spacer ring 81 and the second spacer ring 82; on the other hand, the situation that the function of the sub-spacer ring 42 is unreliable when directly acting on the bearing structure 20 can be avoided, or the situation that the bearing structure 20 is directly acted by the sub-spacer ring 42 to cause serious abrasion can be reduced.

In this embodiment, the external thread and the internal thread may be fine threads and have a thread structure with a small pitch, thereby ensuring that the quenching process is not easily deformed. The fine-adjustment amount of the pre-tightening force is determined according to the actual tooth number and the processing capacity, the first tooth-shaped part 53 and the second tooth-shaped part 43 can be rectangular teeth, and theoretically, the more the number of the rectangular teeth is, the better the pre-tightening force is. The transmission ratio is over 80 in a precise adjustment theory, and the higher the transmission ratio of the worm and the worm wheel is, the better the precise adjustment is. The female spacer ring 41 has three main features: a rectangular tooth meshing with the drive 50 (adjustment worm), an internal half left-hand thread and a half right-hand thread.

Specifically, the pretensioning operation process in this embodiment is as follows: before pre-tightening, the spacer ring positioning structure 40 needs to be assembled: first, the machined first sub-spacer 421, second sub-spacer 422 and female spacer 41 are screwed together according to the screwing direction, so that the first sub-spacer 421 and the second sub-spacer 422 are in contact, and at this time, the width of the spacer positioning structure 40 is the minimum. The spacer ring positioning structure 40 and other parts are positioned and installed according to the shaft core 10, and the worm is installed from a preformed hole to ensure meshing and fixing. According to the pre-tightening force of the designed bearing structure 20, the driving piece 50 (which can be a worm) is adjusted to ensure the designed pre-tightening force, the nut is locked, at this time, the nut is completely locked, one side of the spacer ring positioning structure 40 is in contact with the spacer ring positioning structure, and the other side of the spacer ring positioning structure 40 is in contact with the spacer ring positioning structure (including the first spacer ring 81 and/or the second spacer ring 82), so that the pre-tightening transmission is ensured to be effective. If the main shaft structure is assembled, if the bearing rigidity is insufficient or the bearing calorific capacity is too large, the pretightening force needs to be adjusted, and the method comprises the following steps:

when the pretightening force needs to be adjusted, the worm is rotated to separate the meshing parts; and releasing radial pressure after the phase of the worm is adjusted to change, so that the worm and the worm wheel are meshed and temporarily separated, and then continuously rotating to enable the rectangular teeth of the female spacing ring 41 and the driving piece 50 to be meshed with each other again, so that the pre-tightening force adjustment is completed. According to the requirements of rigidity and heat productivity, the torsion worm drives the spacer ring positioning structure 40 to rotate so as to change the bearing pretightening force.

The second embodiment of the invention provides a machine tool, which comprises a spindle structure, wherein the spindle structure is the spindle structure provided by the second embodiment.

From the above description, it can be seen that the above-described embodiments of the present invention achieve the following technical effects: simple structure, the operation of being convenient for is realized, has improved the convenience of operation.

It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

The relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions, and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present application unless specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective portions shown in the drawings are not drawn in an actual proportional relationship for the convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any particular value should be construed as merely illustrative, and not limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, further discussion thereof is not required in subsequent figures.

In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the directional terms such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "lateral, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom", etc., are generally based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are used for convenience of description and simplicity of description only, and in the case of not making a reverse description, these directional terms do not indicate and imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation or be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore, should not be considered as limiting the scope of the present application; the terms "inner and outer" refer to the inner and outer relative to the profile of the respective component itself.

Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "above … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial relationship to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if a device in the figures is turned over, devices described as "above" or "on" other devices or configurations would then be oriented "below" or "under" the other devices or configurations. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" can include both an orientation of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may be otherwise variously oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.

It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and the like are used to define the components, and are only used for convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components, and the terms have no special meanings unless otherwise stated, and therefore, the scope of protection of the present application is not to be construed as being limited.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.