阅读说明：本技术 一种正多边形车削误差补偿的动力主轴与补偿方法 (Power spindle for regular polygon turning error compensation and compensation method ) 是由 朱逸轩 张辉 陈燕 胡雨倞 何安康 袁毕纪 徐祥辉 万櫆 谈学操 黄迪 吴磊 于 2020-12-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种正多边形车削误差补偿的动力主轴与补偿方法,正多边形车削误差补偿的动力主轴主要包括伺服电机、支撑架、动力刀盘、微动刀具装置、靠模电机、靠模支架、定位槽、靠模、端盖螺母、支撑台；动力刀盘与工件主轴定位初始位置后以一定转速比旋转进行复合车削,复位弹簧驱动刀柄上的滚轮紧贴靠模位于起始位置,靠模与动力刀盘以一定的速度差同时同向同相位开始旋转,靠模与复位弹簧共同驱动刀柄沿着动力刀盘的刀孔在径向动态移动一定的微位移进行车削补偿,从而保证正多边形车削误差补偿的动力主轴加工正多边形工件可实时改变刀头到工件轴线的中心距从而进行车削误差补偿,使车削出的正多边形工件精度满足要求。(The invention discloses a power spindle for compensating regular polygon turning errors and a compensation method, wherein the power spindle for compensating the regular polygon turning errors mainly comprises a servo motor, a support frame, a power cutter head, a micro-motion cutter device, a profiling motor, a profiling support, a positioning groove, a profiling, an end cover nut and a support table; the power cutter head and the workpiece spindle are positioned at an initial position and then rotate at a certain rotation speed ratio for compound turning, the return spring drives the roller on the cutter handle to cling to the explorator to be positioned at the initial position, the explorator and the power cutter head start to rotate at the same direction and the same phase at the same time at a certain speed difference, the explorator and the return spring jointly drive the cutter handle to dynamically move at a certain micro displacement along the cutter hole of the power cutter head in the radial direction for turning compensation, and therefore the power spindle for ensuring the regular polygon turning error compensation can change the center distance from the cutter head to the axis of the workpiece in real time for turning error compensation, and the precision of the turned regular polygon workpiece meets the requirement.)

1. A regular polygon turning error compensation power spindle is characterized in that: the device comprises a servo motor, a support frame, a power cutter head, a micro-motion cutter device, a profiling motor, a profiling support, a positioning groove, a profiling, an end cover nut and a support table; the servo motor is connected with the support frame through bolts; the support frame is fixedly connected with the support table; the servo motor is fixedly connected with the power cutter head; the power cutter head is radially provided with a plurality of cutter holes, each cutter hole is a through hole, the section of the front end of each cutter hole is a regular polygon, the section of the rear end of each cutter hole is a circle, and the tail of each cutter hole is provided with a protruding tubular structure and an external thread; the profiling motor is connected with the profiling bracket through a bolt; the profiling support is provided with the positioning groove, and the profiling support is connected with the support table through the positioning groove by a bolt; according to the shape and the size of the workpiece which is required to be processed, the shape of the profile is a polygon with error compensation, and the profile is fixedly connected with the profile motor; a hole is formed in the middle of the end cover nut and matched with the external thread of the protruding tubular structure at the tail part of the cutter hole of the power cutter head; and the power cutter head main shaft and the workpiece main shaft are arranged in parallel.

2. A power spindle for compensating for turning errors in a regular polygon as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the micro-motion cutter device comprises a cutter head, a cutter handle, a positioning nut, a return spring and a roller; tool bit and handle of a knife fixed connection, the front end of handle of a knife be regular polygon cross-section and with the regular polygon cross-section hole sliding fit of the tool hole front end of power blade disc, the rear end of handle of a knife is circular cross-section and is equipped with the screw thread, the handle of a knife afterbody is located to the gyro wheel, reset spring locates the handle of a knife middle part, set nut locate the handle of a knife rear end and with handle of a knife screw thread fit.

3. The method for compensating the power spindle for the regular polygon turning error compensation as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the utility model discloses a compound turning of power blade disc and work piece main shaft location initial position back is rotatory with a constant speed ratio, and the gyro wheel on the reset spring drive handle of a knife is hugged closely the profiling is located the initial position, the profiling with the power blade disc begins rotatoryly with certain velocity difference syntropy same phase simultaneously, the appearance of profiling is for having the approximate polygon of error compensation, because the velocity difference the profiling drives the handle of a knife jointly with reset spring along the knife hole of power blade disc carries out the turning compensation at the certain micro displacement of radial movement, guarantees thereby the power main shaft processing regular polygon work piece of regular polygon turning error compensation can change the centre-to-centre spacing completion turning error compensation of tool bit to work piece axis in real time, makes the regular polygon work piece precision that the turning meets the requirements.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a finish machining device for turning of a regular polygon workpiece, in particular to a power spindle for compensating turning errors of the regular polygon and a compensation method of a dynamic profiling.

Background

The regular polygon workpiece refers to a workpiece with a regular polygon cross section, turning of the regular polygon workpiece mainly refers to processing of workpieces with square, regular hexagon, regular octagon and the like cross sections, and the regular polygon workpiece has wide market application. The traditional method for machining the regular polygon workpiece is to use a milling machine to mill each surface of the regular polygon workpiece, each machined surface needs to be clamped and machined in a grading manner, the milling mode is low in efficiency, and grading machining precision of multiple surfaces is low and different in precision. The invention relates to a section bar turning and peeling device and a section bar turning and peeling method, which are applied by the inventor, wherein the patent numbers are as follows: ZL201310065947.6, the patent device of the invention can run normally, this invention patent is mainly the apparatus and processing method to turn the regular polygon, the processing method to turn the regular polygon uses the cycloidal principle of the planetary gear train, namely the axis of main shaft of cutter head and work piece are installed in parallel and rotated and formed the compound turning movement with certain speed ratio, the orbit relative to work piece axis of the knife tip is a closed cycloidal curve of the approximate straight line that is repeated periodically, the outline part that the orbit of the curve surrounds is the approximate regular polygon, therefore, this turning process regular polygon is an approximate processing method, the precision is lower as the range of processing is bigger. In order to improve the processing precision and the processing range of a turning regular polygon workpiece, the power spindle device and the error compensation method for regular polygon turning error compensation, which are applied by the inventor, have the following patent numbers: ZL201710903654.9, but the invention adopts high-technology components such as piezoelectric ceramics, grating scales and the like, has high cost and complex application conditions, and is difficult to industrialize. In order to reduce development cost and simplify equipment structure, the invention adopts dynamic profiling technology to carry out error compensation, so that the precision of the turned regular polygon workpiece meets the requirement.

Disclosure of Invention

According to the problems, the invention mainly solves the problems of low processing precision, small processing range, high cost and the like of the conventional turning regular polygon workpiece.

The invention provides a power spindle for compensating regular polygon turning errors, which comprises a servo motor, a support frame, a power cutter head, a micro-motion cutter device, a profiling motor, a profiling support, a positioning groove, a profiling, an end cover nut and a support table, wherein the servo motor is connected with the support frame; the servo motor is connected with the support frame through bolts; the support frame is fixedly connected with the support table; the servo motor is fixedly connected with the power cutter head; the power cutter head is radially provided with a plurality of cutter holes, each cutter hole is a through hole, the section of the front end of each cutter hole is a regular polygon, the section of the rear end of each cutter hole is a circle, and the tail of each cutter hole is provided with a protruding tubular structure and an external thread; the profiling motor is connected with the profiling bracket through a bolt; the profiling bracket is provided with a positioning groove and is connected with the supporting platform through a bolt by the positioning groove; calculating to obtain an error compensation value according to the shape and the size of the workpiece which is required to be processed, wherein the shape of the explorator is an approximate polygon drawn according to the error compensation value, and the explorator is fixedly connected with an explorator motor; the middle of the end cover nut is provided with a hole which is matched with the external thread of the projecting tubular structure at the tail part of the cutter hole of the power cutter head, and the cutter handle can penetrate through the end cover nut when being installed; the main shaft of the power cutter head is arranged in parallel with the main shaft of the workpiece.

The micro-motion cutter device comprises a cutter head, a cutter handle, a positioning nut, a return spring and a roller; tool bit and handle of a knife fixed connection, the front end of handle of a knife be regular polygon cross-section and with the regular polygon cross-section hole sliding fit of the knife hole front end of power blade disc, the rear end of handle of a knife is circular cross-section and is equipped with the screw thread, the handle of a knife afterbody is located to the gyro wheel, reset spring locates the handle of a knife middle part, set nut locates the handle of a knife rear end and with handle of a knife screw thread fit, set nut's position decision reset spring's pretension value, reset spring drive gyro wheel removes along the profiling appearance, the profiling carries out the turning compensation along the certain micro displacement of the knife hole of power blade disc at radial dynamic displacement with reset spring common.

A compensation method for a power spindle with regular polygon turning error compensation is characterized by comprising the following steps: the power cutter head and the workpiece spindle are positioned at an initial position and then rotate at a certain rotation speed ratio for compound turning, the return spring drives the roller on the cutter handle to be tightly attached to the profiling at the initial position, the profiling and the power cutter head simultaneously rotate in the same direction and the same phase at a certain speed difference, the profile of the profiling is an approximate polygon with error compensation, the speed difference profiling and the return spring jointly drive the cutter handle to radially move for certain micro displacement along the cutter hole of the power cutter head for turning compensation, the power spindle with regular polygon turning error compensation can process a regular polygon workpiece, the center distance from the cutter head to the axis of the workpiece can be changed in real time, and therefore turning error compensation is completed, and the precision of the turned regular polygon workpiece meets requirements.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

at present, the turning method of the regular polygon is a composite turning motion which adopts the cycloid principle of a planetary gear train, and the turning profile is similar to the regular polygon, so the processing method is an approximate processing method and can only turn and process regular polygon workpieces with small sections and low precision. The invention relates to a power main shaft for compensating the turning error of a regular polygon, which improves the processing precision, reduces the processing cost and simplifies the equipment structure by a dynamic profiling technology.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a power spindle device for compensating the turning error of the regular polygon in the invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the micro-motion cutter device of the invention.

Detailed Description

For the purpose of illustrating the technical content, the constructional features, the achieved objects and the effects of the invention in detail, reference will be made to the following detailed description of the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

In the process of researching the turning regular polygon technology, technicians of the invention find that the existing turning regular polygon workpiece has the problems of low processing precision, small processing range, high cost and the like, and in order to solve the problems, the technicians adopt a dynamic profiling technology to perform error compensation to improve the processing precision.

With reference to fig. 1 and 2, the invention provides a power spindle for compensating the error of regular polygon turning, which comprises a servo motor 1, a support frame 2, a power cutter head 3, a micro-motion cutter device 4, a profiling motor 5, a profiling support 6, a positioning groove 7, a profiling 8, an end cover nut 9 and a support table 10; the servo motor 1 is connected with the support frame 2 through bolts; the support frame 2 is fixedly connected with the support table 10; the servo motor 1 is fixedly connected with the power cutter head 3; the power cutter head 3 is radially provided with a plurality of cutter holes, each cutter hole is a through hole, the section of the front end of each cutter hole is a regular polygon, the section of the rear end of each cutter hole is a circle, and the tail part of each cutter hole is provided with a protruding tubular structure and an external thread; the profiling motor 5 is connected with the profiling bracket 6 through bolts; the explorator bracket 6 is provided with a positioning groove 7, and the explorator bracket 6 is connected with the support table 10 through the positioning groove 7 by a bolt; calculating to obtain an error compensation value according to the shape and size of the turned regular polygon workpiece, wherein the shape of the explorator 8 is an approximate polygon drawn according to the error compensation value, and the explorator 8 is fixedly connected with the explorator motor 5; a hole is formed in the middle of the end cover nut 9 and is matched with an external thread of a protruding tubular structure at the tail of a cutter hole of the power cutter head 3, and the cutter handle 42 can penetrate through the end cover nut 9 when being installed; the main shaft of the power cutter head 3 is arranged in parallel with the main shaft of the workpiece.

The micro-motion cutter device 4 comprises a cutter head 41, a cutter handle 42, a positioning nut 43, a return spring 44 and a roller 45; tool bit 41 and handle of a knife 42 fixed connection, the front end of handle of a knife 42 is regular polygon cross-section and with the regular polygon cross-section hole sliding fit of the tool hole front end of power blade disc 3, the rear end of handle of a knife 42 is circular cross-section and is equipped with the screw thread, gyro wheel 45 locates the afterbody of handle of a knife 42, reset spring 44 locates handle of a knife 42 middle part, set nut 43 locates handle of a knife 42 rear end and with handle of a knife 42 screw thread fit, set nut 43's position determines reset spring 44's pretension value, reset spring 44 drives gyro wheel 45 and removes along 8 appearances of profiling, profiling 8 and reset spring 44 drive handle of a knife 42 jointly and carry out the turning compensation along the certain micro displacement of power blade disc 3's tool hole at radial.

A compensation method for a power spindle with regular polygon turning error compensation is characterized by comprising the following steps: the power cutter head 3 and the workpiece spindle are positioned at an initial position and then rotate at a certain rotation speed ratio for compound turning, the return spring 44 drives the roller 45 on the cutter handle 42 to cling to the explorator 8 to be positioned at the initial position, the appearance of the explorator 8 is an approximate polygon with error compensation, because the explorator 8 and the power cutter head 3 rotate in the same direction and the same phase at the same time at a certain speed difference, the explorator 8 and the return spring 44 jointly drive the cutter handle 42 to dynamically move for a certain micro-displacement in the radial direction along the cutter hole of the power cutter head 3 for turning compensation, the power spindle with regular polygon turning error compensation can be ensured to process the regular polygon workpiece by changing the center distance from the cutter head 41 to the workpiece axis in real time, thereby completing the turning error compensation, and enabling the precision of the turned.