阅读说明：本技术 基于定时电压测量法的防雷元件测试仪校准方法 (Lightning protection element tester calibration method based on timing voltage measurement method ) 是由 陆新东 朱小明 张华伟 孙军涛 陈兵 林芳芳 陆新桥 王蕾 侯永辉 刘锐 周建涛 于 2020-12-25 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种基于定时电压测量法的防雷元件测试仪校准方法,包括电压表、时间模块、第一电子开关和处理器模块；电压表用于检测工作电源的电压；第一电子开关用于启动时间模块；时间模块为时钟周期累加式计时模块；处理器用于采集时间模块计时范围内的至少一组电压数据并计算电压上升率；电压上升,电子开关闭合,时间模块开始计时,在设定的起始时间,电压表采集第一次电压值U-1,经设定的时长ΔT后,采集第二次电压值U-2,根据两次电压值的差值和经过的时间ΔT,计算电压上升率：U-升=(U-2-U-1)/ΔT。该方法加入通过时间模块的设计,提高了电压采集的准确性,进而提升电压上升率校准的准确度。(The invention provides a lightning protection element tester calibration method based on a timing voltage measurement method, which comprises a voltmeter, a time module, a first electronic switch and a processor module, wherein the voltmeter is connected with the time module; the voltmeter is used for detecting the voltage of the working power supply; the first electronic switch is used for starting the time module; the time module is a clock period accumulation type timing module; the processor is used for collecting at least one group of voltage data in the timing range of the time module and calculating the voltage rising rate; the voltage rises, the electronic switch is closed, the time module starts to time, and the voltmeter collects the first voltage value at the set initial time U 1 Set time length delta T Then, collecting the second voltage value U 2 Based on the difference between the two voltage values and the elapsed time delta T And calculating the voltage rising rate: U lifting of wine =（ U 2 ‑ U 1 ）/Δ T . According to the method, the design of the time module is added, so that the accuracy of voltage acquisition is improved, and the accuracy of voltage rise rate calibration is further improved.)

1. A lightning protection element tester calibration method based on a timing voltage measurement method is characterized in that: the device comprises a voltmeter, a time module, a first electronic switch and a processor module;

the voltmeter is connected with the processor module and used for detecting the voltage value of the working power supply and sending the voltage value to the processor module;

the first electronic switch associated processor module and time module are used to start the time module;

the time module is a clock period accumulation type timing module, and is connected with the processor module and used for sending time information;

the processor module is used for controlling the closing of the first electronic switch, collecting at least one group of voltage data within the timing range of the time module and calculating the voltage rise rate;

controlling the first electronic switch to be closed along with the rise of the voltage, starting timing by the time module, and acquiring a first voltage value by the voltmeter at a set initial timeU ₁Duration delta set by the elapsed time moduleTThen, the voltmeter collects the second voltage valueU ₂Based on the difference between the two voltage values and the elapsed time deltaTAnd calculating the voltage rising rate:U _{lifting of wine}=（U ₂-U ₁）/ΔT。

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the device also comprises a compensation module, wherein the compensation module is used for compensating the voltage difference value collected by the voltmeter, and the voltage difference value comprises a first voltage difference value delta corresponding to the timing delay of the timing moduleU ₁Difference value delta from second voltageU ₃Further comprises a first time voltage difference value delta corresponding to the time delay collectionU ₂Difference value delta from second voltageU ₄And obtaining a compensated first-time voltage value as follows:and obtaining a compensated second voltage value as follows:。

3. the method of claim 2, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the time delays of the timing triggers are equal and the voltage rise rate is assumed to be linear, i.e. deltaU ₁≈ΔU ₃。

4. The method of claim 3, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the frequency of voltage acquisition is constant and the voltage rise rate is assumed to be linear, i.e., ΔU ₂≈ΔU ₄。

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the method comprises the steps of: still include leakage current detection circuitry, leakage current detection circuitry includes voltmeter, second electronic switch and adjustable resistance, second electronic switch is used for getting into under working power supply adjustable resistance when lightning protection component tester from the leakage current detection module of taking starts, triggers the second electronic switch and starts, concatenates adjustable resistance on working power supply's output circuit, the voltmeter notes the voltage value of this in-process to according to voltage value and adjustable resistance's numerical value, calculate true current value, compare with the measuring value of the leakage current detection module of lightning protection component tester with the help of true current value, evaluate the leakage current performance of lightning protection component tester.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of electricity, in particular to a lightning protection element tester calibration method based on a timing voltage measurement method.

Background

The Surge Protector (SPD) has the functions of overvoltage and leakage protection in a circuit, the instrument for testing the Surge Protector (SPD) is a lightning protection element tester, the accuracy of the instrument directly determines the reliability of the test of the Surge Protector (SPD), and the indexes of the Surge Protector (SPD) and the tester are also specified in relevant national standards. Local/industry specifications are made in individual provincial and municipal industries, some calibration methods are provided, and the actual operation effect is poor. The rapid development of the lightning protection detection industry needs to perfect the calibration method of the equipment.

The lightning protection element tester mainly has indexes such as voltage, leakage current and constant current, wherein the voltage comprises two parts, the voltage and the voltage rise rate, wherein the voltage is generally 0-1700V, and the voltage rise rate is generally 100V/s +/-10V/s. The voltage calibration of the lightning protection element tester is relatively mature, the voltage rise rate integrates the requirements on the lightning voltage (current) rise rate and the actual engineering detection, the calibration method is less in research, and the repeatability and the stability are relatively poor due to the existing method of frequently adopting a voltmeter and a stopwatch; another type of method is a method using an oscilloscope in combination with an attenuator, which is mainly used for calibrating voltage waveforms, both methods being less accurate.

The study of the starting rise time of the direct-current power supply is researched by a student, the measurement precision is measured at short time intervals based on the delay line technology, the influence of the voltage rise rate, the current limiting ratio and the stray capacitance is researched by the power industry, the parameter optimization design is made, and the limitation that the voltage parameter is represented by the complete voltage wave front time is verified.

These studies all provide some reasonable suggestions and methods for voltage and voltage rise rate tests, but no literature exists on considering the influence of load variation on voltage and voltage rise rate in voltage calibration of a lightning protection element tester. The method simulates the resistance of a Surge Protector (SPD) when the SPD is not conducted, improves the actual measurement precision of the voltage rise rate through a timing voltage measurement method, and has a certain promotion effect on the calibration and the use of the method.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the lightning protection element tester calibration method based on the timing voltage measurement method, which ensures the effective voltage measurement range, improves the time accuracy, corrects the system error and improves the voltage rise rate calibration accuracy.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a lightning protection element tester calibration method based on a timing voltage measurement method comprises a voltmeter, a time module, a first electronic switch and a processor module;

the voltmeter is connected with the processor module and used for detecting the voltage value of the working power supply and sending the voltage value to the processor module;

the first electronic switch associated processor module and time module are used to start the time module;

the time module is a clock period accumulation type timing module, and is connected with the processor module and used for sending time information;

the processor module is used for controlling the closing of the first electronic switch, collecting at least one group of voltage data within the timing range of the time module and calculating the voltage rise rate;

controlling the first electronic switch to be closed along with the rise of the voltage, starting timing by the time module, and acquiring a first voltage value by the voltmeter at a set initial timeU ₁Duration delta set by the elapsed time moduleTThen, the voltmeter collects the second voltage valueU ₂Based on the difference between the two voltage values and the elapsed time deltaTAnd calculating the voltage rising rate:U _{lifting of wine}=（U ₂-U ₁）/ΔT。

Basically, the voltage difference compensation device further comprises a compensation module, wherein the compensation module is used for compensating the voltage difference value collected by the voltmeter, and the voltage difference value comprises a first voltage difference value delta corresponding to the timing delay of the timing moduleU ₁Difference value delta from second voltageU ₃Further comprises a first time voltage difference value delta corresponding to the time delay collectionU ₂Difference value delta from second voltageU ₄And obtaining a compensated first-time voltage value as follows:and obtaining a compensated second voltage value as follows:。

basically, the time delays of the timing triggers are equal and the voltage rise rate is assumed to be linear, i.e. ΔU ₁≈ΔU ₃。

Basically, the frequency of voltage acquisition is constant and the voltage rise rate is assumed to be linear, i.e., ΔU ₂≈ΔU ₄。

Basically, still include leakage current detection circuitry, leakage current detection circuitry includes voltmeter, second electronic switch and adjustable resistance, second electronic switch is used for getting into under working power supply adjustable resistance when lightning protection component tester starts from the leakage current detection module in area, triggers the second electronic switch and starts, connects adjustable resistance in series on working power supply's output circuit, the voltmeter notes the voltage value of this in-process to according to the numerical value of voltage value and adjustable resistance, calculate real current value, compare with the measuring value of the leakage current detection module of lightning protection component tester with the help of real current value, evaluate the leakage current performance of lightning protection component tester.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has outstanding substantive characteristics and remarkable progress, and particularly, the electronic switch is added, a new time module is designed, the traditional stopwatch form is replaced, and the pulse accumulation mode is adopted for timing, so that the timing precision is greatly improved, and the problem of large error caused by manual operation is avoided when the traditional active stopwatch form is changed into passive triggering.

Furthermore, in the calculation process, the time error caused by the asynchronism between the timing of the time module and the triggering of the electronic switch is considered, the error is compensated, meanwhile, the time error caused by the asynchronism between the acquisition of the voltmeter and the time module is considered, the error is compensated, and the compensated value appears in a voltage mode.

Furthermore, a leakage current detection circuit is constructed by utilizing the adjustable resistor, the electronic switch and the voltmeter and is used for detecting the leakage current detection capability of the equipment and evaluating the accuracy of the leakage current detection circuit.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a method for calibrating a lightning protection device tester based on a timing voltage measurement method according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of leakage current detection in the calibration method of the lightning protection element tester based on the timing voltage measurement method of the invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the following embodiments.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1, a method for calibrating a lightning protection device tester based on a timing voltage measurement method includes a voltmeter, a time module, a first electronic switch (in the figure, an electronic switch), and a processor module;

the voltmeter is connected with the processor module and used for detecting the voltage value of the working power supply and sending the voltage value to the processor module;

the first electronic switch associated processor module and time module are used to start the time module;

the time module is a clock period accumulation type timing module, and is connected with the processor module and used for sending time information;

the processor module is used for controlling the closing of the first electronic switch, collecting at least one group of voltage data within the timing range of the time module and calculating the voltage rise rate;

controlling the first electronic switch to be closed along with the rise of the voltage, starting timing by the time module, and acquiring a first voltage value by the voltmeter at a set initial timeU ₁Duration delta set by the elapsed time moduleTThen, the voltmeter collects the second voltage valueU ₂。

The device also comprises a compensation module, wherein the compensation module is used for compensating the voltage difference value collected by the voltmeter, and the voltage difference value comprises a first voltage difference value delta corresponding to the timing delay of the timing moduleU ₁Difference value delta from second voltageU ₃Further comprises a first time voltage difference value delta corresponding to the time delay collectionU ₂Difference value delta from second voltageU ₄And obtaining a compensated first-time voltage value as follows:and obtaining a compensated second voltage value as follows:。

according to the difference between two voltage values and the elapsed time deltaTAnd calculating the voltage rising rate:U _{lifting of wine}=（-）/ΔT。

In this embodiment, it is assumed that the time delay of the trigger timing is short, the time delay of the first time is equal to that of the second time, and the voltage rising rate is linear, i.e. ΔU ₁≈ΔU ₃Assuming that the voltage acquisition frequency is constant, i.e. the sampling delay period is the same, and assuming that the voltage rise rate is linear, i.e. ΔU ₂≈ΔU ₄From this, it can be approximated that:

-≈U ₂-U ₁；

the final available voltage rise rate is approximately:

U _{lifting of wine}=（U ₂-U ₁）/ΔT。

Through the correction of the system error, the timing error, the acquisition error and the delay error are reduced; and a high-precision time module is added, so that the measurement accuracy of time and voltage is improved, multiple effects are realized simultaneously, and the calibration accuracy of the voltage rise rate is improved.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 2, the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that: the leakage current detection circuit comprises the voltmeter, a second electronic switch (an electronic switch in the figure) and an adjustable resistor, wherein the second electronic switch is used for being connected with the adjustable resistor under a working power supply.

According to the requirement of GB/T21431-U _1mAThe ability to leak current. The function is hardly calibrated by various calibration devices in the past, and an electronic switch and an adjustable resistor are added in the embodimentU _1mAReduced to 0.75 timesU _1mAIn the process, a second electronic switch is triggered to start, the adjustable resistor is connected to an output circuit of the working power supply in series, the voltmeter records a voltage value in the process, a real current value is calculated according to the voltage value and the value of the adjustable resistor, and the leakage current performance of the lightning protection element tester is evaluated by comparing the real current value with a detection value of a leakage current detection module of the lightning protection element tester.

The adjustable resistor has the effect that multiple times of calibration can be carried out, and the resistance at each time is different, so that the test diversity and accuracy are improved.

Finally, it should be noted that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that: modifications to the specific embodiments of the invention or equivalent substitutions for parts of the technical features may be made; without departing from the spirit of the present invention, it is intended to cover all aspects of the invention as defined by the appended claims.