Method, device and system for determining running state of passive waste heat removal system
阅读说明：本技术 非能动余热排出系统运行状态的确定方法、装置和系统 (Method, device and system for determining running state of passive waste heat removal system ) 是由 习蒙蒙 喻娜 冉旭 李峰 吴清 刘昌文 冷贵君 陈宏霞 杨帆 鲜麟 蔡容 陆雅 于 2021-07-22 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种非能动余热排出系统运行状态的确定方法、装置和系统,反应堆一次侧非能动余热排出系统运行状态确定方法和蒸汽发生器二次侧非能动余热排出系统运行状态确定方法；若反应堆一次侧非能动余热排出系统成功运行且蒸汽发生器二次侧非能动余热排出系统成功运行,则非能动余热排出系统成功运行,否则,非能动余热排出系统运行失败。(The invention discloses a method, a device and a system for determining the running state of a passive waste heat discharge system, in particular to a method for determining the running state of a reactor primary side passive waste heat discharge system and a method for determining the running state of a steam generator secondary side passive waste heat discharge system; if the primary side passive waste heat removal system of the reactor successfully operates and the secondary side passive waste heat removal system of the steam generator successfully operates, the passive waste heat removal system successfully operates, otherwise, the passive waste heat removal system fails to operate.)
1. A method of determining an operating condition of a passive residual heat removal system, for use in determining a terminal, the method comprising: the method comprises the following steps of determining the operation state of a reactor primary side passive waste heat removal system and determining the operation state of a steam generator secondary side passive waste heat removal system;
the method for determining the running state of the reactor primary side passive waste heat removal system comprises the following steps:
receiving valve position information, wherein the valve position information is the valve position of a flow control valve of a passive waste heat discharge heat exchanger;
receiving first flow information, wherein the first flow information is the fluid flow of a passive waste heat discharge system;
receiving first temperature information, the first temperature information being a temperature of a fluid within a hot leg line and a condenser line;
receiving second temperature information, wherein the second temperature information is the temperature in the heat exchange water tank;
receiving third temperature information, wherein the third temperature information is reactor coolant system temperature;
receiving first pressure information, wherein the first pressure information is the pressure of a voltage stabilizer;
receiving second flow information, wherein the second flow information is reactor coolant system flow;
judging whether a flow control valve is opened or not according to the valve position information, judging whether a passive waste heat discharge system establishes flow or not according to the first flow information, judging whether the fluid temperatures of a hot leg pipeline and a condensation pipeline are increased or not according to the first temperature information, judging whether the temperature of a heat exchange water tank is increased or not according to the second temperature information, judging whether the temperature of a reactor coolant system is decreased or not according to the third temperature information, judging whether the pressure of a voltage stabilizer is decreased or not according to the first pressure information, and judging whether the passive waste heat discharge system is kept or not according to the second flow information;
if the two judgment results are yes, determining that the reactor primary side passive waste heat removal system successfully operates, otherwise, determining that the reactor primary side passive waste heat removal system fails to operate;
the method for determining the operation state of the secondary side passive waste heat removal system of the steam generator comprises the following steps:
receiving valve position information, wherein the valve position information is the valve position of a flow control valve of a passive waste heat discharge heat exchanger;
receiving first flow information, wherein the flow information is the fluid flow of a passive waste heat discharge system;
receiving fourth temperature information, the fourth temperature information being fluid temperatures in a vapor line and a condensation line;
receiving second temperature information, wherein the second temperature information is the temperature in the heat exchange water tank;
receiving third temperature information, wherein the third temperature information is reactor coolant system temperature;
receiving first pressure information, wherein the first pressure information is the pressure of a voltage stabilizer;
receiving second flow information, wherein the second flow information is reactor coolant system flow;
receiving second pressure information, wherein the second pressure information is steam generator pressure;
judging whether a flow control valve is opened or not according to the valve position information, judging whether a passive waste heat discharge system establishes flow or not according to the first flow information, judging whether the fluid temperatures of a steam pipeline and a condensation pipeline rise or not according to the fourth temperature information, judging whether the temperature of a heat exchange water tank rises or not according to the second temperature information, judging whether the temperature of a reactor coolant system drops or not according to the third temperature information, judging whether the pressure of a voltage stabilizer drops or not according to the first pressure information, judging whether the passive waste heat discharge system is kept or not according to the second flow information, and judging whether the pressure of a steam generator drops or not according to the second pressure information;
if the two judgment results are yes, determining that the secondary side passive waste heat removal system of the steam generator is successfully operated, otherwise, determining that the secondary side passive waste heat removal system of the steam generator is failed to operate;
if the primary side passive waste heat removal system of the reactor successfully operates and the secondary side passive waste heat removal system of the steam generator successfully operates, the passive waste heat removal system successfully operates, otherwise, the passive waste heat removal system fails to operate.
2. The method for determining the operating state of the passive residual heat removal system according to claim 1, wherein the method for determining the operating state of the primary side passive residual heat removal system of the reactor sequentially judges the received valve position information, the first flow rate information, the first temperature information, the second temperature information, the third temperature information, the first pressure information and the second flow rate information, and judges the next information after the former information is judged to be yes;
the method for determining the operation state of the secondary side passive waste heat removal system of the steam generator sequentially judges received valve position information, first flow information, fourth temperature information, second temperature information, third temperature information, first pressure information, second flow information and second pressure information, and judges the next information after the former information is judged to be yes.
3. A method for determining an operation state of a passive residual heat removal system, which is used in a detection terminal, the method comprising:
detecting and sending valve position information, wherein the valve position information is the valve position of a flow control valve of a passive waste heat discharge heat exchanger, and the valve position information is used for judging whether the flow control valve is opened or not;
detecting and sending first flow information, wherein the first flow information is the fluid flow of the passive waste heat discharge system, and the first flow information is used for judging whether the passive waste heat discharge system establishes the flow;
detecting and sending first temperature information, wherein the first temperature information is the fluid temperature in a hot leg pipeline and a condensing pipeline, and the first temperature information is used for judging whether the fluid temperature in the hot leg pipeline and the condensing pipeline rises or not;
detecting and sending second temperature information, wherein the second temperature information is the temperature in the heat exchange water tank and is used for judging whether the temperature of the heat exchange water tank rises or not;
detecting and sending third temperature information, wherein the third temperature information is the temperature of a reactor coolant system, and the third temperature information is used for judging whether the temperature of the reactor coolant system is reduced or not;
detecting and sending first pressure information, wherein the first pressure information is the pressure of the voltage stabilizer, and the first pressure information is used for judging whether the pressure of the voltage stabilizer drops;
detecting and sending second flow information, wherein the second flow information is the flow of a reactor coolant system and is used for judging whether a passive waste heat removal system is maintained or not;
detecting and sending fourth temperature information, wherein the fourth temperature information is the fluid temperature in a steam pipeline and a condensation pipeline, and the fourth temperature information is used for judging whether the fluid temperature in the steam pipeline and the condensation pipeline rises or not;
detecting and sending second pressure information, wherein the second pressure information is steam generator pressure and is used for judging whether the steam generator pressure is reduced or not;
and if all the signals are judged to be yes, determining that the passive waste heat removal system successfully operates, otherwise, determining that the passive waste heat removal system fails to operate.
4. A passive residual heat removal system operating condition determining apparatus for use in a terminal, the apparatus comprising:
the first receiving module is used for receiving valve position information, and the valve position information is the valve position of a flow control valve of the passive waste heat discharging heat exchanger;
the second receiving module is used for receiving first flow information, and the first flow information is the fluid flow of the passive waste heat discharging system;
a third receiving module, configured to receive first temperature information, where the first temperature information is a temperature of a fluid in a hot leg line and a condenser line;
the fourth receiving module is used for receiving second temperature information, and the second temperature information is the temperature in the heat exchange water tank;
the fifth receiving module is used for receiving third temperature information, and the third temperature information is the temperature of a reactor coolant system;
the sixth receiving module is used for receiving first pressure information, wherein the first pressure information is the pressure of the voltage stabilizer;
a seventh receiving module, configured to receive second flow information, where the second flow information is a reactor coolant system flow;
an eighth receiving module, configured to receive fourth temperature information, where the fourth temperature information is a temperature of a fluid in a vapor line and a condensation line;
the ninth receiving module is used for receiving second pressure information, and the second pressure information is steam generator pressure;
the first judging module is used for judging whether a flow control valve is opened or not according to the valve position information, judging whether the passive waste heat discharging system establishes flow or not according to the first flow information, judging whether the fluid temperatures of a hot leg pipeline and a condensation pipeline are increased or not according to the first temperature information, judging whether the temperature of a heat exchange water tank is increased or not according to the second temperature information, judging whether the temperature of a reactor coolant system is decreased or not according to the third temperature information, judging whether the pressure of a voltage stabilizer is decreased or not according to the first pressure information, judging whether the passive waste heat discharging system is kept or not according to the second flow information, if yes, determining that the primary side passive waste heat discharging system of the reactor is operated successfully, and if not, determining that the primary side passive waste heat discharging system of the reactor is operated unsuccessfully;
the second judgment module is used for judging whether the flow control valve is opened or not according to the valve position information and judging whether the passive waste heat discharge system establishes flow or not according to the first flow information, judging whether the fluid temperature of the steam pipeline and the condensing pipeline rises or not according to the fourth temperature information, judging whether the temperature of the heat exchange water tank rises or not according to the second temperature information, judging whether the temperature of the reactor coolant system is reduced or not according to the third temperature information, judging whether the pressure of the voltage stabilizer is reduced or not according to the first pressure information, judging whether the passive waste heat discharge system is kept or not according to the second flow information, judging whether the pressure of the steam generator is reduced or not according to the second pressure information, if so, determining that the secondary side passive waste heat removal system of the steam generator successfully operates, otherwise, determining that the secondary side passive waste heat removal system of the steam generator fails to operate;
and the third judgment module is used for determining the running state of the passive waste heat removal system.
5. The device for determining the operating state of the passive residual heat removal system according to claim 4, wherein the first judging module is used for sequentially judging the received valve position information, the first flow rate information, the first temperature information, the second temperature information, the third temperature information, the first pressure information and the second flow rate information;
in a second judgment module, sequentially judging the received valve position information, the first flow information, the fourth temperature information, the second temperature information, the third temperature information, the first pressure information, the second flow information and the second pressure information;
and in the third judgment module, the judgment result of the first judgment module and the judgment result of the second judgment module are judged in parallel.
6. A device for determining an operation state of a passive residual heat removal system, which is used in a detection terminal, the device comprising:
the first detection and sending module is used for detecting and sending valve position information, the valve position information is the valve position of a flow control valve of the passive waste heat discharge heat exchanger, and the valve position information is used for judging whether the flow control valve is opened or not;
the second detection and sending module is used for detecting and sending first flow information, the first flow information is the fluid flow of the passive waste heat discharging system, and the first flow information is used for judging whether the passive waste heat discharging system establishes the flow or not;
the third detection and sending module is used for detecting and sending first temperature information, wherein the first temperature information is the fluid temperature in the hot leg pipeline and the condensation pipeline, and the first temperature information is used for judging whether the fluid temperature of the hot leg pipeline and the fluid temperature of the condensation pipeline rise or not;
the fourth detection and sending module is used for detecting and sending second temperature information, wherein the second temperature information is the temperature in the heat exchange water tank, and the second temperature information is used for judging whether the temperature of the heat exchange water tank rises or not;
the fifth detection sending module is used for detecting and sending third temperature information, wherein the third temperature information is the temperature of the reactor coolant system, and the third temperature information is used for judging whether the temperature of the reactor coolant system is reduced or not;
the sixth detection sending module is used for detecting and sending first pressure information, wherein the first pressure information is the pressure of the voltage stabilizer, and the first pressure information is used for judging whether the pressure of the voltage stabilizer drops;
the seventh detection and sending module is used for detecting and sending second flow information, wherein the second flow information is the flow of the reactor coolant system, and the second flow information is used for judging whether the passive waste heat removal system is kept or not;
an eighth detecting and sending module, configured to detect and send fourth temperature information, where the fourth temperature information is a temperature of a fluid in a steam pipeline and a condensing pipeline, and the fourth temperature information is used to determine whether the temperature of the fluid in the steam pipeline and the condensing pipeline rises;
a ninth detection sending module, configured to detect and send second pressure information, where the second pressure information is steam generator pressure, and the second pressure information is used to determine whether the steam generator pressure decreases;
and if all the signals are judged to be yes, determining that the passive waste heat removal system successfully operates, otherwise, determining that the passive waste heat removal system fails to operate.
7. A determination system for the running state of a passive residual heat removal system is characterized by comprising a detection end and a determination end communicated with the detection end;
the detection end comprises a passive residual heat removal system operation state determination device according to claim 6, and the determination end comprises a passive residual heat removal system operation state determination device according to any one of claims 4 to 5.
8. A method for determining the running state of a passive residual heat removal system is characterized in that: the system for determining the operation state of the passive residual heat removal system according to claim 7, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
the first detection sending module sends the detected valve position information to the first receiving module;
the second detection sending module sends the detected first flow information to the second receiving module;
the third detection sending module sends the detected first temperature information to the third receiving module;
the fourth detection sending module sends the detected second temperature information to the fourth receiving module;
the fifth detection sending module sends the detected third temperature information to the fifth receiving module;
the sixth detection sending module sends the detected first pressure information to the sixth receiving module;
the seventh detection sending module sends the detected second traffic information to the seventh receiving module;
the eighth detection sending module sends the detected fourth temperature information to the eighth receiving module;
the ninth detection sending module sends the detected second pressure information to the ninth receiving module;
the first judgment module is used for sequentially judging the valve position information, the first flow information, the first temperature information, the second temperature information, the third temperature information, the first pressure information and the second flow information, if all judgment results are yes, the primary side passive waste heat removal system of the reactor is determined to be operated successfully, and otherwise, the primary side passive waste heat removal system of the reactor is determined to be operated unsuccessfully;
the second judging module is used for sequentially judging the valve position information, the first flow information, the fourth temperature information, the second temperature information, the third temperature information, the first pressure information, the second flow information and the second pressure information, if all the judgment results are yes, the secondary side passive waste heat discharging system of the steam generator is determined to be successfully operated, and otherwise, the secondary side passive waste heat discharging system of the steam generator is determined to be failed to operate;
the third judging module judges the judging result of the first judging module and the judging result of the second judging module in parallel, if the first judging module and the second judging module both determine that the passive waste heat discharging system operates successfully, otherwise, the passive waste heat discharging system fails to operate.
9. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that: the computer program realizing the steps of the method as claimed in claim 1, 2, 3 or 8 when executed by a processor.
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of nuclear power stations, in particular to a method, a device and a system for determining the running state of a passive waste heat removal system.
Background
The basic safety functions of a nuclear power plant include controlling reactivity, removing core waste heat, and containing radioactive materials. Conventional pressurized water reactor nuclear power plants are typically operated with auxiliary feedwater systems for the post-accident removal of core waste heat. In order to improve the inherent safety of nuclear power plants, some novel pressurized water reactor nuclear power plants are provided with passive waste heat discharge systems for discharging the waste heat of a reactor core after a design basis accident or a design expansion working condition. The system adopts a passive mode to lead out the heat of the reactor core to the cooling water tank, thereby reducing the dependence on active equipment.
At the present stage, an operator needs to operate the passive waste heat removal system in real time, so that the automation cannot be effectively realized, and an error may exist in practice.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provide a method, a device and a system for determining the running state of a passive residual heat removal system.
A method of determining an operating condition of a passive residual heat removal system for use in a terminal, the method comprising: the method comprises the following steps of determining the operation state of a reactor primary side passive waste heat removal system and determining the operation state of a steam generator secondary side passive waste heat removal system;
the method for determining the running state of the reactor primary side passive waste heat removal system comprises the following steps:
receiving valve position information, wherein the valve position information is the valve position of a flow control valve of a passive waste heat discharge heat exchanger;
receiving first flow information, wherein the first flow information is the fluid flow of a passive waste heat discharge system;
receiving first temperature information, the first temperature information being a temperature of a fluid within a hot leg line and a condenser line;
receiving second temperature information, wherein the second temperature information is the temperature in the heat exchange water tank;
receiving third temperature information, wherein the third temperature information is reactor coolant system temperature;
receiving first pressure information, wherein the first pressure information is the pressure of a voltage stabilizer;
receiving second flow information, wherein the second flow information is reactor coolant system flow;
judging whether a flow control valve is opened or not according to the valve position information, judging whether a passive waste heat discharge system establishes flow or not according to the first flow information, judging whether the fluid temperatures of a hot leg pipeline and a condensation pipeline are increased or not according to the first temperature information, judging whether the temperature of a heat exchange water tank is increased or not according to the second temperature information, judging whether the temperature of a reactor coolant system is decreased or not according to the third temperature information, judging whether the pressure of a voltage stabilizer is decreased or not according to the first pressure information, and judging whether the passive waste heat discharge system is kept or not according to the second flow information;
if the two judgment results are yes, determining that the reactor primary side passive waste heat removal system successfully operates, otherwise, determining that the reactor primary side passive waste heat removal system fails to operate;
the method for determining the operation state of the secondary side passive waste heat removal system of the steam generator comprises the following steps:
receiving valve position information, wherein the valve position information is the valve position of a flow control valve of a passive waste heat discharge heat exchanger;
receiving first flow information, wherein the flow information is the fluid flow of a passive waste heat discharge system;
receiving fourth temperature information, the fourth temperature information being fluid temperatures in a vapor line and a condensation line;
receiving second temperature information, wherein the second temperature information is the temperature in the heat exchange water tank;
receiving third temperature information, wherein the third temperature information is reactor coolant system temperature;
receiving first pressure information, wherein the first pressure information is the pressure of a voltage stabilizer;
receiving second flow information, wherein the second flow information is reactor coolant system flow;
receiving second pressure information, wherein the second pressure information is steam generator pressure;
judging whether a flow control valve is opened or not according to the valve position information, judging whether a passive waste heat discharge system establishes flow or not according to the first flow information, judging whether the fluid temperatures of a steam pipeline and a condensation pipeline rise or not according to the fourth temperature information, judging whether the temperature of a heat exchange water tank rises or not according to the second temperature information, judging whether the temperature of a reactor coolant system drops or not according to the third temperature information, judging whether the pressure of a voltage stabilizer drops or not according to the first pressure information, judging whether the passive waste heat discharge system is kept or not according to the second flow information, and judging whether the pressure of a steam generator drops or not according to the second pressure information;
if the two judgment results are yes, determining that the secondary side passive waste heat removal system of the steam generator is successfully operated, otherwise, determining that the secondary side passive waste heat removal system of the steam generator is failed to operate;
if the primary side passive waste heat removal system of the reactor successfully operates and the secondary side passive waste heat removal system of the steam generator successfully operates, the passive waste heat removal system successfully operates, otherwise, the passive waste heat removal system fails to operate.
Preferably, in the method for determining the operating state of the reactor primary side passive waste heat removal system, the received valve position information, the first flow information, the first temperature information, the second temperature information, the third temperature information, the first pressure information and the second flow information are sequentially judged, and after the former information is judged to be yes, the next information is judged;
the method for determining the operation state of the secondary side passive waste heat removal system of the steam generator sequentially judges received valve position information, first flow information, fourth temperature information, second temperature information, third temperature information, first pressure information, second flow information and second pressure information, and judges the next information after the former information is judged to be yes.
A method for determining the running state of a passive residual heat removal system is used in a detection terminal, and comprises the following steps:
detecting and sending valve position information, wherein the valve position information is the valve position of a flow control valve of a passive waste heat discharge heat exchanger, and the valve position information is used for judging whether the flow control valve is opened or not;
detecting and sending first flow information, wherein the first flow information is the fluid flow of the passive waste heat discharge system, and the first flow information is used for judging whether the passive waste heat discharge system establishes the flow;
detecting and sending first temperature information, wherein the first temperature information is the fluid temperature in a hot leg pipeline and a condensing pipeline, and the first temperature information is used for judging whether the fluid temperature in the hot leg pipeline and the condensing pipeline rises or not;
detecting and sending second temperature information, wherein the second temperature information is the temperature in the heat exchange water tank and is used for judging whether the temperature of the heat exchange water tank rises or not;
detecting and sending third temperature information, wherein the third temperature information is the temperature of a reactor coolant system, and the third temperature information is used for judging whether the temperature of the reactor coolant system is reduced or not;
detecting and sending first pressure information, wherein the first pressure information is the pressure of the voltage stabilizer, and the first pressure information is used for judging whether the pressure of the voltage stabilizer drops;
detecting and sending second flow information, wherein the second flow information is the flow of a reactor coolant system and is used for judging whether a passive waste heat removal system is maintained or not;
detecting and sending fourth temperature information, wherein the fourth temperature information is the fluid temperature in a steam pipeline and a condensation pipeline, and the fourth temperature information is used for judging whether the fluid temperature in the steam pipeline and the condensation pipeline rises or not;
detecting and sending second pressure information, wherein the second pressure information is steam generator pressure and is used for judging whether the steam generator pressure is reduced or not;
and if all the signals are judged to be yes, determining that the passive waste heat removal system successfully operates, otherwise, determining that the passive waste heat removal system fails to operate.
A passive residual heat removal system operating condition determining apparatus for use in a terminal, the apparatus comprising:
the first receiving module is used for receiving valve position information, and the valve position information is the valve position of a flow control valve of the passive waste heat discharging heat exchanger;
the second receiving module is used for receiving first flow information, and the first flow information is the fluid flow of the passive waste heat discharging system;
a third receiving module, configured to receive first temperature information, where the first temperature information is a temperature of a fluid in a hot leg line and a condenser line;
the fourth receiving module is used for receiving second temperature information, and the second temperature information is the temperature in the heat exchange water tank;
the fifth receiving module is used for receiving third temperature information, and the third temperature information is the temperature of a reactor coolant system;
the sixth receiving module is used for receiving first pressure information, wherein the first pressure information is the pressure of the voltage stabilizer;
a seventh receiving module, configured to receive second flow information, where the second flow information is a reactor coolant system flow;
an eighth receiving module, configured to receive fourth temperature information, where the fourth temperature information is a temperature of a fluid in a vapor line and a condensation line;
the ninth receiving module is used for receiving second pressure information, and the second pressure information is steam generator pressure;
the first judging module is used for judging whether a flow control valve is opened or not according to the valve position information, judging whether the passive waste heat discharging system establishes flow or not according to the first flow information, judging whether the fluid temperatures of a hot leg pipeline and a condensation pipeline are increased or not according to the first temperature information, judging whether the temperature of a heat exchange water tank is increased or not according to the second temperature information, judging whether the temperature of a reactor coolant system is decreased or not according to the third temperature information, judging whether the pressure of a voltage stabilizer is decreased or not according to the first pressure information, judging whether the passive waste heat discharging system is kept or not according to the second flow information, if yes, determining that the primary side passive waste heat discharging system of the reactor is operated successfully, and if not, determining that the primary side passive waste heat discharging system of the reactor is operated unsuccessfully;
the second judgment module is used for judging whether the flow control valve is opened or not according to the valve position information and judging whether the passive waste heat discharge system establishes flow or not according to the first flow information, judging whether the fluid temperature of the steam pipeline and the condensing pipeline rises or not according to the fourth temperature information, judging whether the temperature of the heat exchange water tank rises or not according to the second temperature information, judging whether the temperature of the reactor coolant system is reduced or not according to the third temperature information, judging whether the pressure of the voltage stabilizer is reduced or not according to the first pressure information, judging whether the passive waste heat discharge system is kept or not according to the second flow information, judging whether the pressure of the steam generator is reduced or not according to the second pressure information, if so, determining that the secondary side passive waste heat removal system of the steam generator successfully operates, otherwise, determining that the secondary side passive waste heat removal system of the steam generator fails to operate;
and the third judgment module is used for determining the running state of the passive waste heat removal system.
Preferably, in the first judging module, the received valve position information, the first flow information, the first temperature information, the second temperature information, the third temperature information, the first pressure information and the second flow information are sequentially judged;
in a second judgment module, sequentially judging the received valve position information, the first flow information, the fourth temperature information, the second temperature information, the third temperature information, the first pressure information, the second flow information and the second pressure information;
and in the third judgment module, the judgment result of the first judgment module and the judgment result of the second judgment module are judged in parallel.
A device for determining an operating state of a passive residual heat removal system for use in a detection terminal, the device comprising:
the first detection and sending module is used for detecting and sending valve position information, the valve position information is the valve position of a flow control valve of the passive waste heat discharge heat exchanger, and the valve position information is used for judging whether the flow control valve is opened or not;
the second detection and sending module is used for detecting and sending first flow information, the first flow information is the fluid flow of the passive waste heat discharging system, and the first flow information is used for judging whether the passive waste heat discharging system establishes the flow or not;
the third detection and sending module is used for detecting and sending first temperature information, wherein the first temperature information is the fluid temperature in the hot leg pipeline and the condensation pipeline, and the first temperature information is used for judging whether the fluid temperature of the hot leg pipeline and the fluid temperature of the condensation pipeline rise or not;
the fourth detection and sending module is used for detecting and sending second temperature information, wherein the second temperature information is the temperature in the heat exchange water tank, and the second temperature information is used for judging whether the temperature of the heat exchange water tank rises or not;
the fifth detection sending module is used for detecting and sending third temperature information, wherein the third temperature information is the temperature of the reactor coolant system, and the third temperature information is used for judging whether the temperature of the reactor coolant system is reduced or not;
the sixth detection sending module is used for detecting and sending first pressure information, wherein the first pressure information is the pressure of the voltage stabilizer, and the first pressure information is used for judging whether the pressure of the voltage stabilizer drops;
the seventh detection and sending module is used for detecting and sending second flow information, wherein the second flow information is the flow of the reactor coolant system, and the second flow information is used for judging whether the passive waste heat removal system is kept or not;
an eighth detecting and sending module, configured to detect and send fourth temperature information, where the fourth temperature information is a temperature of a fluid in a steam pipeline and a condensing pipeline, and the fourth temperature information is used to determine whether the temperature of the fluid in the steam pipeline and the condensing pipeline rises;
a ninth detection sending module, configured to detect and send second pressure information, where the second pressure information is steam generator pressure, and the second pressure information is used to determine whether the steam generator pressure decreases;
and if all the signals are judged to be yes, determining that the passive waste heat removal system successfully operates, otherwise, determining that the passive waste heat removal system fails to operate.
A determining system for the running state of a passive residual heat removal system comprises a detection end and a determining end communicated with the detection end;
the detection end comprises the determining device for determining the running state of the passive residual heat removal system of the detection end, and the determining end comprises the determining device for determining the running state of the passive residual heat removal system of the detection end.
A method for determining the running state of a passive residual heat removal system is based on the system for determining the running state of the passive residual heat removal system, and comprises the following steps:
the first detection sending module sends the detected valve position information to the first receiving module;
the second detection sending module sends the detected first flow information to the second receiving module;
the third detection sending module sends the detected first temperature information to the third receiving module;
the fourth detection sending module sends the detected second temperature information to the fourth receiving module;
the fifth detection sending module sends the detected third temperature information to the fifth receiving module;
the sixth detection sending module sends the detected first pressure information to the sixth receiving module;
the seventh detection sending module sends the detected second traffic information to the seventh receiving module;
the eighth detection sending module sends the detected fourth temperature information to the eighth receiving module;
the ninth detection sending module sends the detected second pressure information to the ninth receiving module;
the first judgment module is used for sequentially judging the valve position information, the first flow information, the first temperature information, the second temperature information, the third temperature information, the first pressure information and the second flow information, if all judgment results are yes, the primary side passive waste heat removal system of the reactor is determined to be operated successfully, and otherwise, the primary side passive waste heat removal system of the reactor is determined to be operated unsuccessfully;
the second judging module is used for sequentially judging the valve position information, the first flow information, the fourth temperature information, the second temperature information, the third temperature information, the first pressure information, the second flow information and the second pressure information, if all the judgment results are yes, the secondary side passive waste heat discharging system of the steam generator is determined to be successfully operated, and otherwise, the secondary side passive waste heat discharging system of the steam generator is determined to be failed to operate;
the third judging module judges the judging result of the first judging module and the judging result of the second judging module in parallel, if the first judging module and the second judging module both determine that the passive waste heat discharging system operates successfully, otherwise, the passive waste heat discharging system fails to operate.
A computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements a method for determining an operating state of a passive residual heat removal system for a detection side, a method for determining an operating state of a passive residual heat removal system for a determination side, and a method for determining an operating state of a passive residual heat removal system for a determination system.
Compared with the prior art, the method and the device have the advantage that the confirmation of the operation state of the passive residual heat removal system is realized by confirming the operation state of the passive residual heat removal system at the primary side of the reactor and the operation state of the passive residual heat removal system at the secondary side of the steam generator.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the method for determining the operation state of the reactor primary side passive residual heat removal system according to the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a method for determining an operation state of a secondary side passive waste heat removal system of a steam generator according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of the method for determining the operating state of the primary side passive residual heat removal system of the reactor according to the invention. .
Fig. 4 is a schematic flow chart of the method for determining the operating state of the secondary side passive waste heat removal system of the steam generator according to the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not to be construed as limitations of the invention.
It should be noted that, for convenience of description, only the portions related to the present invention are shown in the drawings.
In the present invention, the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.
A determining system for the running state of a passive residual heat removal system comprises a detection end and a determining end communicated with the detection end;
the detection end comprises a determining device for determining the running state of a passive residual heat removal system of the detection end, and the determining end comprises a determining device for determining the running state of the passive residual heat removal system of the detection end.
The operation state physical parameters and the safety function realization physical parameters of the passive waste heat discharge system are detected through the detection end, the parameters of the detection end are judged through the determination end, and the operation state of the passive waste heat discharge system is judged through the judgment result.
The device for determining the running state of a passive residual heat removal system in a detection end comprises:
the first detection and sending module is used for detecting and sending valve position information, the valve position information is the valve position of a flow control valve of the passive waste heat discharge heat exchanger, and the valve position information is used for judging whether the flow control valve is opened or not;
if the flow control valve is an electromagnetic directional valve, the first detection sending module can be a controller communicated with the electromagnetic valve; if the flow control valve is an electric control valve, the first detection sending module can be a driver connected with the electric control valve, and data transmission is carried out through a wired interface or a wireless transmitter.
The second detection and sending module is used for detecting and sending first flow information, the first flow information is the fluid flow of the passive waste heat discharging system, and the first flow information is used for judging whether the passive waste heat discharging system establishes the flow or not;
the second detection sending module can be a flowmeter arranged in the system, and can determine whether the passive waste heat removal system works normally or not through the detection of the flowmeter on the flow, and data transmission is carried out through an effective interface or a wireless transmitter.
The third detection and sending module is used for detecting and sending first temperature information, the first temperature information is the fluid temperature in the hot leg pipeline and the condensation pipeline, and the first temperature information is used for judging whether the fluid temperature of the hot leg pipeline and the condensation pipeline rises or not;
the third detection sending module can be a contact type temperature sensor or a far infrared non-contact type temperature sensor, the temperature of the outer walls of the hot leg pipeline and the condensation pipeline is detected through the temperature sensor to detect the temperature of the fluid in the pipeline, and the third detection sending module can also be a contact type sensor arranged in the pipeline and directly contacts with the fluid to detect the temperature of the fluid.
The fourth detection sending module is used for detecting and sending second temperature information, the second temperature information is the temperature in the heat exchange water tank, and the second temperature information is used for judging whether the temperature of the heat exchange water tank rises or not;
the fifth detection sending module is used for detecting and sending third temperature information, wherein the third temperature information is the temperature of the reactor coolant system, and the third temperature information is used for judging whether the temperature of the reactor coolant system is reduced or not;
the fourth detection sending module and the fifth detection sending module are similar to the third detection sending module and can be contact temperature sensors or far infrared non-contact temperature sensors.
The sixth detection sending module is used for detecting and sending first pressure information, wherein the first pressure information is the pressure of the voltage stabilizer, and the first pressure information is used for judging whether the pressure of the voltage stabilizer drops;
the sixth detection sending module can be a pressure gauge arranged in the voltage stabilizer, measures the pressure of the voltage stabilizer, and judges whether the pressure is reduced or not according to the difference value in the data measured twice.
The seventh detection sending module is used for detecting and sending second flow information, the second flow information is the flow of the reactor coolant system, and the second flow information is used for judging whether the passive waste heat removal system is kept or not;
the seventh detection sending module may be a flow meter, similar to the second detection sending module.
The eighth detection and sending module is used for detecting and sending fourth temperature information, the fourth temperature information is the fluid temperature in the steam pipeline and the condensation pipeline, and the fourth temperature information is used for judging whether the fluid temperature of the steam pipeline and the condensation pipeline rises or not;
the eighth detection sending module is similar to the third detection sending module and can be a contact temperature sensor or a far infrared non-contact temperature sensor.
A ninth detection sending module, configured to detect and send second pressure information, where the second pressure information is steam generator pressure, and the second pressure information is used to determine whether the steam generator pressure is decreased;
the ninth detection sending module is similar to the sixth detection sending module, and can be a pressure gauge arranged in the steam generator, measure the pressure of the steam generator, and judge whether the pressure is reduced or not according to the difference value in the data measured twice.
A determination device for determining the operational status of a passive residual heat removal system in a terminal, comprising:
the first receiving module is used for receiving valve position information, and the valve position information is the valve position of a flow control valve of the passive waste heat discharging heat exchanger;
the second receiving module is used for receiving first flow information, and the first flow information is the fluid flow of the passive waste heat discharging system;
a third receiving module, configured to receive first temperature information, where the first temperature information is a temperature of a fluid in the hot leg line and the condenser line;
the fourth receiving module is used for receiving second temperature information, and the second temperature information is the temperature in the heat exchange water tank;
the fifth receiving module is used for receiving third temperature information, and the third temperature information is the temperature of the reactor coolant system;
the sixth receiving module is used for receiving the first pressure information, and the first pressure information is the pressure of the voltage stabilizer;
the seventh receiving module is used for receiving second flow information, and the second flow information is the flow of the reactor coolant system;
an eighth receiving module, configured to receive fourth temperature information, where the fourth temperature information is a temperature of a fluid in the vapor line and the condensation line;
the ninth receiving module is used for receiving second pressure information, and the second pressure information is steam generator pressure;
the first receiving module to the ninth receiving module are connected to the first detecting and sending module to the ninth detecting and sending module, and may be integrated, that is, the receiving module receives the sending information of the nine detecting and sending modules, or may be a plurality of independent receiving modules, and the receiving module receives the information sent by the detecting and sending modules.
For example: the temperature information is received by the same receiving module, the pressure information is received by the same receiving module, and the like.
The first judging module is used for judging whether the flow control valve is opened or not according to the valve position information, judging whether the passive waste heat discharging system establishes flow or not according to the first flow information, judging whether the fluid temperatures of the hot leg pipeline and the condensation pipeline are increased or not according to the first temperature information, judging whether the temperature of the heat exchange water tank is increased or not according to the second temperature information, judging whether the temperature of the reactor coolant system is decreased or not according to the third temperature information, judging whether the pressure of the voltage stabilizer is decreased or not according to the first pressure information, judging whether the passive waste heat discharging system is kept or not according to the second flow information, if yes, determining that the primary side passive waste heat discharging system of the reactor is operated successfully, and if not, determining that the primary side passive waste heat discharging system of the reactor is operated unsuccessfully;
the second judging module is used for judging whether the flow control valve is opened or not according to the valve position information, judging whether the passive waste heat discharging system establishes flow or not according to the first flow information, judging whether the fluid temperatures of the steam pipeline and the condensing pipeline rise or not according to the fourth temperature information, judging whether the temperature of the heat exchange water tank rises or not according to the second temperature information, judging whether the temperature of the reactor coolant system drops or not according to the third temperature information, judging whether the pressure of the voltage stabilizer drops or not according to the first pressure information, judging whether the passive waste heat discharging system is kept or not according to the second flow information, judging whether the pressure of the steam generator drops or not according to the second pressure information, if yes, determining that the secondary side passive waste heat discharging system of the steam generator successfully operates, and if not, determining that the secondary side passive waste heat discharging system of the steam generator fails to operate;
and the third judgment module is used for determining the running state of the passive waste heat removal system.
The first determining module, the second determining module and the third determining module may be processors having logic operations, and may be an integral structure or a plurality of independent structures.
By inputting judgment data in the judgment module in advance and judging according to the information received by the receiving module, for example:
and comparing the valve position information sent by the first detection sending module with the judgment data in the first judgment module, and if the valve position information meets a certain judgment standard, determining that the flow control valve is in an open or closed state.
And comparing the first temperature information sent by the third detection sending module at different times, and if the temperature at the previous time is lower than that at the later time, determining that the fluid temperature of the hot leg pipeline and the fluid temperature of the condensation pipeline are rising.
……
Similarly, the information of the detection and transmission modules is judged, and the operation state of the reactor primary side passive waste heat removal system can be determined.
The second judging module judges the information of the plurality of detecting and sending modules, so that the operation state of the secondary side passive waste heat discharging system of the steam generator can be determined.
And the results of the first judgment module and the second judgment module are input into the third judgment module, and finally the determination of the running state of the passive waste heat removal system is realized.
Specific judgment methods are provided below, and several specific examples are provided.
In this embodiment, a method for determining an operating state of a passive residual heat removal system is used in a determination end, and the method includes: the method comprises the following steps of determining the operation state of a reactor primary side passive waste heat removal system and determining the operation state of a steam generator secondary side passive waste heat removal system;
the method for determining the operation state of the passive waste heat removal system is divided into a method for determining the operation state of the reactor primary side passive waste heat removal system and a method for determining the operation state of the steam generator secondary side passive waste heat removal system, and finally the operation state of the passive waste heat removal system is determined by comprehensively judging the reactor primary side and the steam generator secondary side.
The method for determining the operation state of the reactor primary side passive residual heat removal system comprises the following steps:
receiving valve position information, wherein the valve position information is the valve position of a flow control valve of a passive waste heat discharge heat exchanger;
receiving first flow information, wherein the first flow information is the fluid flow of a passive waste heat discharge system;
receiving first temperature information, the first temperature information being a temperature of fluid within the hot leg line and the condenser line;
receiving second temperature information, wherein the second temperature information is the temperature in the heat exchange water tank;
the four pieces of information are used for determining physical parameters representing the operation state of the reactor primary side passive residual heat removal system.
Receiving third temperature information, wherein the third temperature information is the temperature of a reactor coolant system;
receiving first pressure information, wherein the first pressure information is the pressure of a voltage stabilizer;
receiving second flow information, wherein the second flow information is reactor coolant system flow;
the three pieces of information are used for determining physical parameters for realizing the safety function of the reactor primary side passive residual heat removal system.
Of course, only if the primary side passive residual heat removal system of the fixed reactor is in an operating state and realizes a safety function, the correct operation of the system can be proved.
Judging whether a flow control valve is opened or not according to the valve position information, judging whether a passive waste heat discharge system establishes flow or not according to the first flow information, judging whether the fluid temperatures of a hot leg pipeline and a condensation pipeline are increased or not according to the first temperature information, judging whether the temperature of a heat exchange water tank is increased or not according to the second temperature information, judging whether the temperature of a reactor coolant system is decreased or not according to the third temperature information, judging whether the pressure of a voltage stabilizer is decreased or not according to the first pressure information, and judging whether the passive waste heat discharge system is kept or not according to the second flow information;
if the two judgment results are yes, determining that the reactor primary side passive waste heat removal system successfully operates, otherwise, determining that the reactor primary side passive waste heat removal system fails to operate;
the method for determining the operation state of the secondary side passive waste heat removal system of the steam generator comprises the following steps:
receiving valve position information, wherein the valve position information is the valve position of a flow control valve of a passive waste heat discharge heat exchanger;
receiving first flow information, wherein the flow information is the fluid flow of a passive waste heat discharge system;
receiving fourth temperature information, the fourth temperature information being the temperature of the fluid in the vapor line and the condenser line;
receiving second temperature information, wherein the second temperature information is the temperature in the heat exchange water tank;
the four pieces of information are used for determining physical parameters representing the operation state of the secondary side passive waste heat removal system of the steam generator.
Receiving third temperature information, wherein the third temperature information is the temperature of a reactor coolant system;
receiving first pressure information, wherein the first pressure information is the pressure of a voltage stabilizer;
receiving second flow information, wherein the second flow information is reactor coolant system flow;
receiving second pressure information, wherein the second pressure information is steam generator pressure;
the four pieces of information are used for determining physical parameters for representing the realization of the safety function of the secondary side passive waste heat removal system of the steam generator.
Of course, only if the secondary side passive waste heat removal system of the steam generator is in an operating state and the safety function is realized, the correct operation of the steam generator can be proved.
Judging whether a flow control valve is opened or not according to the valve position information, judging whether a passive waste heat discharge system establishes flow or not according to the first flow information, judging whether the fluid temperatures of a steam pipeline and a condensation pipeline rise or not according to the fourth temperature information, judging whether the temperature of a heat exchange water tank rises or not according to the second temperature information, judging whether the temperature of a reactor coolant system drops or not according to the third temperature information, judging whether the pressure of a voltage stabilizer drops or not according to the first pressure information, judging whether the passive waste heat discharge system is kept or not according to the second flow information, and judging whether the pressure of a steam generator drops or not according to the second pressure information;
if the two judgment results are yes, determining that the secondary side passive waste heat removal system of the steam generator is successfully operated, otherwise, determining that the secondary side passive waste heat removal system of the steam generator is failed to operate;
after the operating states of the primary side of the reactor and the secondary side of the steam generator are confirmed respectively, the passive waste heat removal system can be indicated to operate successfully only by ensuring that the primary side of the reactor and the secondary side of the steam generator operate normally, and if one of the secondary side of the reactor and the secondary side of the steam generator cannot operate normally, the passive waste heat removal system is indicated to fail to operate.
If the primary side passive waste heat removal system of the reactor successfully operates and the secondary side passive waste heat removal system of the steam generator successfully operates, the passive waste heat removal system successfully operates, otherwise, the passive waste heat removal system fails to operate.
In the method for determining the operation state of the reactor primary side passive waste heat removal system, received valve position information, first flow information, first temperature information, second temperature information, third temperature information, first pressure information and second flow information are sequentially judged, and after the former information is judged to be yes, the next information is judged;
in the method for determining the operation state of the secondary side passive waste heat removal system of the steam generator, received valve position information, first flow information, fourth temperature information, second temperature information, third temperature information, first pressure information, second flow information and second pressure information are sequentially judged, and after the former information is judged to be yes, the next information is judged.
By detecting in sequence, parallel data may be reduced, thereby reducing the need for processing power of the processor.
The method for determining the operation state of the passive residual heat removal system in the detection end comprises the following steps:
detecting and sending valve position information, wherein the valve position information is the valve position of a flow control valve of the passive waste heat discharge heat exchanger, and the valve position information is used for judging whether the flow control valve is opened or not;
detecting and sending first flow information, wherein the first flow information is the fluid flow of the passive waste heat discharge system, and the first flow information is used for judging whether the passive waste heat discharge system establishes the flow;
detecting and sending first temperature information, wherein the first temperature information is the fluid temperature in a hot leg pipeline and a condensing pipeline, and the first temperature information is used for judging whether the fluid temperature in the hot leg pipeline and the condensing pipeline rises or not;
detecting and sending second temperature information, wherein the second temperature information is the temperature in the heat exchange water tank and is used for judging whether the temperature of the heat exchange water tank rises or not;
detecting and sending third temperature information, wherein the third temperature information is the temperature of the reactor coolant system, and the third temperature information is used for judging whether the temperature of the reactor coolant system is reduced or not;
detecting and sending first pressure information, wherein the first pressure information is the pressure of the voltage stabilizer and is used for judging whether the pressure of the voltage stabilizer drops;
detecting and sending second flow information, wherein the second flow information is the flow of a reactor coolant system and is used for judging whether the passive waste heat removal system is kept or not;
detecting and sending fourth temperature information, wherein the fourth temperature information is the fluid temperature in the steam pipeline and the condensing pipeline, and the fourth temperature information is used for judging whether the fluid temperature of the steam pipeline and the condensing pipeline rises or not;
detecting and sending second pressure information, wherein the second pressure information is steam generator pressure and is used for judging whether the steam generator pressure is reduced or not;
the functions are realized by a first detection sending module, a second detection sending module, a third detection sending module, a fourth detection sending module, a fifth detection sending module, a sixth detection sending module, a seventh detection sending module, an eighth detection sending module and a ninth detection sending module respectively.
The first judgment module is used for sequentially judging the received valve position information, the first flow information, the first temperature information, the second temperature information, the third temperature information, the first pressure information and the second flow information;
in a second judgment module, sequentially judging the received valve position information, the first flow information, the fourth temperature information, the second temperature information, the third temperature information, the first pressure information, the second flow information and the second pressure information;
and in the third judgment module, the judgment result of the first judgment module and the judgment result of the second judgment module are judged in parallel.
A method for determining the running state of a passive residual heat removal system is based on the system for determining the running state of the passive residual heat removal system, and comprises the following steps:
the first detection sending module sends the detected valve position information to the first receiving module;
the second detection sending module sends the detected first flow information to the second receiving module;
the third detection sending module sends the detected first temperature information to the third receiving module;
the fourth detection sending module sends the detected second temperature information to the fourth receiving module;
the fifth detection sending module sends the detected third temperature information to the fifth receiving module;
the sixth detection sending module sends the detected first pressure information to the sixth receiving module;
the seventh detection sending module sends the detected second traffic information to the seventh receiving module;
the eighth detection sending module sends the detected fourth temperature information to the eighth receiving module;
the ninth detection sending module sends the detected second pressure information to the ninth receiving module;
the first judgment module is used for sequentially judging the valve position information, the first flow information, the first temperature information, the second temperature information, the third temperature information, the first pressure information and the second flow information, if all judgment results are yes, the primary side passive waste heat removal system of the reactor is determined to be operated successfully, and otherwise, the primary side passive waste heat removal system of the reactor is determined to be operated unsuccessfully;
firstly, whether the flow of a passive residual heat removal system is established or not is checked, if so, whether the fluid temperature of a hot leg pipeline and a condenser pipeline of the passive residual heat removal heat exchanger rises or not is continuously detected, if the temperature rises, whether the temperature in a heat exchange water tank rises or not is continuously detected, if the water temperature of the water tank rises, whether the temperature of a primary side coolant of the reactor drops or not is continuously detected, if the temperature drops, whether the pressure of a voltage stabilizer drops or not is continuously detected, if the pressure of the voltage stabilizer drops, whether the flow of the reactor coolant system is kept or not is continuously detected, and if the conditions are met, the primary side passive residual heat removal system of the reactor is considered to be successfully operated.
The second judging module is used for sequentially judging the valve position information, the first flow information, the fourth temperature information, the second temperature information, the third temperature information, the first pressure information, the second flow information and the second pressure information, if all the judgment results are yes, the secondary side passive waste heat discharging system of the steam generator is determined to be successfully operated, and otherwise, the secondary side passive waste heat discharging system of the steam generator is determined to be failed to operate;
firstly, whether the flow of a passive residual heat removal system is established or not is detected, if so, whether the fluid temperatures of a steam pipeline and a condenser pipeline of the passive residual heat removal heat exchanger rise or not is detected, if so, whether the temperature in a heat exchange water tank rises or not is detected, if so, whether the temperature of primary side coolant of a reactor drops or not is detected, if so, whether the pressure of a voltage stabilizer drops or not is detected, if so, whether the flow of the reactor coolant system is kept or not is detected, if the flow of the coolant system is established, whether the pressure of a steam generator drops or not is continuously detected, and if the conditions are met, the secondary side passive residual heat removal system of the steam generator is considered to be successfully operated.
The third judging module judges the judging result of the first judging module and the judging result of the second judging module in parallel, if the first judging module and the second judging module both determine that the passive waste heat discharging system operates successfully, otherwise, the passive waste heat discharging system fails to operate.
A computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored which, when being executed by a processor, carries out a method for determining an operating state of a passive residual heat removal system for a detection side, a method for determining an operating state of a passive residual heat removal system for a determination side and a method for determining an operating state of a passive residual heat removal system for a determination system.
By burning the method into the readable storage medium, automation can be realized by installing the readable storage medium.
In the description herein, reference to the description of the terms "one embodiment/mode," "some embodiments/modes," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment/mode or example is included in at least one embodiment/mode or example of the application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to be the same embodiment/mode or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments/modes or examples. Furthermore, the various embodiments/aspects or examples and features of the various embodiments/aspects or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without conflicting therewith.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present application, "plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing embodiments are merely for clarity of description and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that other variations or modifications may be made on the above invention and still be within the scope of the invention.