阅读说明：本技术 一种漏泄电缆及系统 (Leaky cable and system ) 是由 苏琦 孟令彬 王东波 杨军 邹勇 于 2021-08-10 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明实施例提供一种漏泄电缆及系统,漏泄电缆包括由内向外依次嵌套设置的内导体、绝缘层和外导体,外导体上开设有多列槽孔组,多列槽孔组环绕外导体设置；其中,多列槽孔组至少包括两列具有不同槽孔形状的槽孔组。通过将多列槽孔组开设在外导体上,使得同一根漏泄电缆上具有不同槽孔形状的槽孔组,不同槽孔形状的槽孔组形成不同的电磁波辐射方向,通过电磁波辐射方向的不同以相互极化隔离,电磁波沿内导体传输的同时通过外导体上开设的多列槽孔组向外界辐射电磁波,从而在同一根漏泄电缆上实现通讯信号的多方向覆盖,以降低漏泄电缆的建设成本。(The embodiment of the invention provides a leakage cable and a system, wherein the leakage cable comprises an inner conductor, an insulating layer and an outer conductor which are sequentially nested from inside to outside, the outer conductor is provided with a plurality of slotted hole groups, and the slotted hole groups are arranged around the outer conductor; wherein, the multi-row slot group at least comprises two rows of slot groups with different slot shapes. The multi-row slot groups are arranged on the outer conductor, so that the same leaky cable is provided with the slot groups with different slot shapes, the slot groups with different slot shapes form different electromagnetic wave radiation directions, the slot groups with different slot shapes are mutually polarized and isolated through the difference of the electromagnetic wave radiation directions, and electromagnetic waves are transmitted along the inner conductor and are radiated to the outside through the multi-row slot groups arranged on the outer conductor, so that the multi-directional coverage of communication signals on the same leaky cable is realized, and the construction cost of the leaky cable is reduced.)

1. A leaky cable is characterized by comprising an inner conductor, an insulating layer and an outer conductor which are sequentially nested from inside to outside, wherein a plurality of rows of slotted hole groups are formed in the outer conductor and are arranged around the outer conductor;

wherein, the multi-row slot group comprises two rows of slot groups with different slot shapes.

2. The leaky cable as claimed in claim 1, wherein said sets of slots of different slot shapes include a first set of slots and a second set of slots, said first set of slots and said second set of slots being oppositely disposed on said outer conductor.

3. The leaky cable as claimed in claim 2, wherein said plurality of rows of slot groups further include a third slot group, a slot shape of said third slot group being different from a slot shape of said first slot group, a slot shape of said third slot group being different from a slot shape of said second slot group;

the first, second, and third slot groups are symmetrically disposed with respect to an axis of the outer conductor.

4. The leaky cable as claimed in claim 2, wherein said plurality of rows of slot groups further comprise a fourth slot group, a slot shape of said fourth slot group being the same as a slot shape of said first slot group;

the interval between the fourth slot group and the first slot group is larger than the interval between the first slot group and the second slot group, and the interval between the fourth slot group and the first slot group is larger than the interval between the second slot group and the fourth slot group.

5. The leaky cable as claimed in claim 1, wherein said slotted hole shapes include an I-shaped groove, a U-shaped groove, and a wave-shaped groove.

6. The leaky cable as claimed in claim 5, wherein said I-shaped groove includes at least two linear groove elements, at least two of said linear groove elements being disposed at intervals in a direction of an axis of said outer conductor, said linear groove elements including a plurality of linear groove sub-elements disposed at intervals, said linear groove sub-elements being perpendicular to the axis of said outer conductor.

7. The leaky cable as claimed in claim 5, wherein said U-shaped groove includes a first groove cell and a second groove cell having opposite groove opening directions, said first groove cell and said second groove cell being disposed at a spacing in a direction of said outer conductor axis, said groove opening direction being perpendicular to said outer conductor axis direction.

8. The leaky cable as claimed in claim 5, wherein said wave-shaped groove includes at least two diagonal groove units, at least two of said diagonal groove units being spaced apart in a direction along an axis of said outer conductor, and adjacent two of said diagonal groove units being disposed at a first angle, said diagonal groove unit including a plurality of diagonal groove sub-units being spaced apart, said diagonal groove sub-units being disposed at a second angle with respect to an axis of said outer conductor.

9. The leaky cable as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a protective jacket is further provided nested on said outer conductor.

10. A leaky cable system comprising a leaky cable as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, further comprising a source jumper and a matching block, said source jumper, said leaky cable and said matching block being electrically connected in sequence.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of communication, in particular to a leaky cable and a system.

Background

With the popularization of informatization, people have higher and higher demand for instant messaging. The leaky cable is used as a special antenna in a mobile communication system in a special environment, effectively improves the coverage effect of communication signals, can transmit signals and can also carry out wireless signal coverage, and is generally accepted and praised in the industry.

However, in a scenario such as a railroad bridge, it is generally necessary to lay leaky cables on the rails on both sides, and since there is no tunnel wall for support, the laying cost of the leaky cables is very high; in addition, in a single-hole multi-track scene, as a plurality of leaky cables need to be laid to ensure that the communication signals can cover trains running in all tracks, the construction cost is increased, and the problem of high construction cost of the leaky cables is caused.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the invention provides a leaky cable and a system, which aim to solve the problem that the construction cost of the leaky cable is high in the prior art.

The embodiment of the invention provides a leakage cable, which comprises an inner conductor, an insulating layer and an outer conductor which are sequentially nested from inside to outside, wherein a plurality of rows of slotted hole groups are arranged on the outer conductor and are arranged around the outer conductor;

wherein, the multi-row slot group comprises two rows of slot groups with different slot shapes.

Optionally, the slot groups of different slot shapes include a first slot group and a second slot group, and the first slot group and the second slot group are oppositely disposed on the outer conductor.

Optionally, the plurality of rows of slot groups further includes a third slot group, a slot shape of the third slot group is different from a slot shape of the first slot group, and a slot shape of the third slot group is different from a slot shape of the second slot group;

the first, second, and third slot groups are symmetrically disposed with respect to an axis of the outer conductor.

Optionally, the plurality of rows of slot groups further include a fourth slot group, and a slot shape of the fourth slot group is the same as a slot shape of the first slot group;

the interval between the fourth slot group and the first slot group is larger than the interval between the first slot group and the second slot group, and the interval between the fourth slot group and the first slot group is larger than the interval between the second slot group and the fourth slot group.

Optionally, the slot shapes include an I-shaped slot, a U-shaped slot, and a wave-shaped slot.

Optionally, the I-shaped groove includes at least two linear groove units, at least two linear groove units are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the outer conductor, and the linear groove units include a plurality of linear groove sub-units arranged at intervals, and the linear groove sub-units are perpendicular to the axial direction of the outer conductor.

Optionally, the U-shaped groove includes a first groove unit and a second groove unit having opposite groove opening directions, the first groove unit and the second groove unit are disposed at an interval along the outer conductor axial direction, and the groove opening direction is perpendicular to the outer conductor axial direction.

Optionally, wave type groove includes two at least chute groove units, two at least the chute groove unit is followed outer conductor axial direction interval sets up, and adjacent two the chute groove unit is first angle setting, the chute groove unit includes the chute groove subunit that a plurality of intervals set up, the chute groove subunit with the axis of outer conductor is the setting of second angle.

Optionally, a protective sleeve is further nested on the outer conductor.

The embodiment of the invention also provides a leaky cable system which comprises the leaky cable, a lead jumper and a matching component, wherein the lead jumper, the leaky cable and the matching component are electrically connected in sequence.

In the embodiment of the invention, the multi-row slotted hole groups are arranged on the outer conductor, so that the same leaky cable is provided with the slotted hole groups with different slotted hole shapes, the slotted hole groups with different slotted hole shapes form different electromagnetic wave radiation directions, the mutual polarization isolation is realized through the difference of the electromagnetic wave radiation directions, and the electromagnetic wave is transmitted along the inner conductor and is radiated to the outside through the multi-row slotted hole groups arranged on the outer conductor, thereby realizing the multi-directional coverage of communication signals on the same leaky cable and reducing the construction cost of the leaky cable.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive labor.

Fig. 1 is one of the schematic structural diagrams of a leaky cable provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of an outer conductor of a leaky cable provided by an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 3 is a second schematic structural diagram of a leaky cable provided by an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 4 is a third schematic structural diagram of a leaky cable provided by an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a leaky cable system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 is one of the structural schematic diagrams of a prior art leaky cable provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a second schematic structural diagram of a conventional leaky cable according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The terms first, second and the like in the description and in the claims of the present invention are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It will be appreciated that the structures so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that embodiments of the invention may be practiced in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein, and that the terms "first", "second", etc. are generally used herein as a class and do not limit the number of terms, for example, a first term can be one or more than one. In addition, "and/or" in the specification and claims means at least one of connected objects, a character "/" generally means that a preceding and succeeding related objects are in an "or" relationship.

Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a leaky cable according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the leaky cable according to the embodiment of the present invention includes an inner conductor 10, an insulating layer 20, and an outer conductor 30, which are sequentially nested from inside to outside, where a plurality of slot groups 40 are disposed on the outer conductor 30, and the plurality of slot groups 40 are disposed around the outer conductor 30;

wherein the plurality of rows of slot groups 40 comprises two rows of slot groups having different slot shapes.

The working principle of the embodiment is as follows: by arranging the plurality of slot groups 40 on the outer conductor 30, the same leaky cable is provided with slot groups with different slot shapes, the slot groups with different slot shapes form different electromagnetic wave radiation directions, and the slot groups are mutually polarized and isolated through the difference of the electromagnetic wave radiation directions. Electromagnetic waves are transmitted along the inner conductor 10 and radiated to the outside through the multi-row slotted hole group 40 arranged on the outer conductor 30, so that multi-directional coverage of communication signals is realized on the same leaky cable, and the construction cost of the leaky cable is reduced.

The leaky cable is a leaky coaxial cable for short, has a signal transmission function and an antenna function, can uniformly radiate controlled electromagnetic wave energy along a line and receive the controlled electromagnetic wave energy, and achieves the purpose of covering an electromagnetic field blind area so as to achieve the smoothness of mobile communication.

When there is a multi-directional radiation requirement, a combination of multiple leaky cables is usually used in the conventional scheme to achieve multi-directional coverage. A certain distance is needed between a plurality of leaky cables to ensure the independence of each leaky cable, however, the method increases the laying cost and the material cost of the leaky cables.

For example, in a conventional prior art scheme, as shown in fig. 6, two leaky cables 601 are laid, the two leaky cables 601 are oppositely arranged, and the interval between the two leaky cables 601 may be D₁The excitation units 6011 on the two leaky cables 601 radiate in a first direction and a second direction, respectively, and an included angle between the first direction and the second direction may be 180 degrees.

Wherein the interval D between two leaky cables 601₁With the wavelength lambda of the signal radiation₁The relationship of (a) may be: d₁>λ₁/4, e.g. carrying wavelength λ₁At 800mm, D₁It is required to be larger than 200 mm.

For another example, in another conventional scheme, as shown in fig. 7, three leaky cables 701 are laid, and the three leaky cables 701 may be spaced apart from each other by a distance D₂The excitation units 7011 on the three leaky cables 701 radiate to the third direction, the fourth direction, and the fifth direction, respectively, and the third direction, the fourth direction, and the fifth direction may be at an angle of 120 degrees with respect to each other.

Wherein the three leaky cables 701 have a distance D between each other₂With the wavelength lambda of the signal radiation₂The relationship of (a) also needs to satisfy: d₂>λ₂/4。

Therefore, the aim of enhancing the covering effect can be achieved by increasing the number of the laid leaky cables in the conventional scheme, but the laying cost is gradually increased along with the increase of the number of the laid leaky cables, and the occupied space is increased along with the increase of the number of the laid leaky cables.

The leaky cable provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises an inner conductor 10, an insulating layer 20 and an outer conductor 30 which are sequentially nested from inside to outside, electromagnetic waves are transmitted along the inner conductor 10 and radiated to the outside through a plurality of rows of slotted hole groups 40 arranged on the outer conductor 30, the plurality of rows of slotted hole groups 40 are arranged around the outer conductor 30 and at least comprise two rows of slotted hole groups with different slotted hole shapes so as to form different radiation directions, so that the correlation among the plurality of rows of slotted hole groups 40 is reduced, and the multidirectional coverage of communication signals on the same leaky cable is realized.

Specifically, a plurality of rows of slot groups 40 are formed on the outer conductor 30 of the same leaky cable, and at least two rows of slot groups with different slot shapes are included, the slot groups with different slot shapes have different radiation lobes, and each radiation lobe corresponds to one radiation direction. However, when a plurality of slot groups 40 are formed in one leaky cable, the plurality of slot groups 40 are coupled to each other due to too small intervals, which affects the radiation direction, and the formation of the plurality of slot groups 40 causes extra radiation, which increases the transmission loss of the leaky cable.

Thus, in the present invention, polarization isolation is employed to weaken the correlation of the multiple rows of slot sets 40 with each other. The polarization directions of the slot groups with different slot shapes as the excitation sources are different when the slot groups radiate, so that larger polarization loss can be generated to weaken the coupling effect of the excitation sources, and the polarization isolation is formed.

Alternatively, the slot shapes may include an I-slot, a U-slot, and a wave slot.

The main flow horizontal polarization slot hole can be an I-shaped slot, the main flow vertical polarization slot hole can be a U-shaped slot, and the polarization direction of the wave-shaped slot as an excitation source during radiation is between horizontal polarization and vertical polarization, so that multi-directional coverage of signals on the same leaky cable is realized, and polarization isolation is formed.

It should be noted that the shape of the slot may also be a slot with a shape of an L-shaped slot, a T-shaped slot, an E-shaped slot, or a triangular slot, and the like, and the same technical effects can be achieved, and are not described herein again.

As shown in fig. 2 to 4, the I-shaped groove may include at least two linear groove units, the at least two linear groove units are spaced apart from each other along the axial direction of the outer conductor 30, the linear groove unit may include a plurality of linear groove subunits 401 spaced apart from each other, and the linear groove subunits 401 are perpendicular to the axial direction of the outer conductor 30. Thus, the polarization direction when the I-shaped groove is used as an excitation source for radiation is overlapped with the horizontal polarization direction of the main current.

As shown in fig. 2 to 4, the U-shaped groove may include first groove units 402 and second groove units 403 having opposite groove opening directions, where the first groove units 402 and the second groove units 403 are alternately arranged along the axial direction of the outer conductor 30, and the groove opening direction is perpendicular to the axial direction of the outer conductor 30. Thus, the polarization direction when the U-shaped groove is used as an excitation source for radiation is coincident with the vertical polarization direction of the main current.

As shown in fig. 2 to 4, the wave-shaped groove may include at least two diagonal groove units, the at least two diagonal groove units are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the outer conductor 30, and two adjacent diagonal groove units are arranged at a first angle, the diagonal groove unit may include a plurality of diagonal groove sub-units 404 alternately arranged at intervals, and the diagonal groove sub-units 404 are arranged at a second angle with respect to the axial direction of the outer conductor 30; the first angle may be 90 degrees and the second angle may be 45 degrees. Thus, the polarization direction of the wave-shaped groove as an excitation source is between horizontal polarization and vertical polarization.

In a possible embodiment, two rows of slot groups with different slot shapes are formed on the outer conductor 30, which may be a first slot group and a second slot group, and the first slot group and the second slot group are oppositely arranged on the outer conductor 30, so as to reduce the correlation between the first slot group and the second slot group and weaken the coupling effect between the first slot group and the second slot group when the first slot group and the second slot group simultaneously serve as the excitation source.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the shape of the slot of the first slot group may be an I-shaped slot, and the shape of the slot of the second slot group may be a U-shaped slot;

as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the shape of the slot of the first slot group may be an I-shaped slot, and the shape of the slot of the second slot group may also be a wave-shaped slot;

the shape of the slotted hole of the first slotted hole group can also be a U-shaped groove, and the shape of the slotted hole of the second slotted hole group can also be a wave-shaped groove;

the effect comparison table of these combinations is given below, and as shown in table 1, table 1 is the effect comparison table of the combinations of the slot groups with different slot shapes in two different radiation directions:

TABLE 1

It should be noted that two rows of slot groups with different slot shapes, or two rows of first slot groups and two rows of second slot groups, are formed on the outer conductor 30, and the first slot groups and the second slot groups are alternately arranged on the outer conductor 30 at intervals to ensure that the polarization directions of two adjacent rows are different, and the same technical effect can be achieved, which is not described herein again.

In another possible embodiment, three rows of slot groups with different slot shapes are formed on the outer conductor 30, which may be a first slot group, a second slot group and a third slot group, the slot shape of the third slot group is different from the slot shape of the first slot group, and the slot shape of the third slot group is different from the slot shape of the second slot group;

the first, second, and third slot groups are symmetrically arranged with respect to the axis of the outer conductor 30.

In this embodiment, the position of the axis of the outer conductor 30 may be used as a rotation axis, the first, second, and third slot groups may be circumferentially arrayed on the outer conductor 30, the slot shape of the first slot group may be an I-shaped slot, the slot shape of the second slot group may be a U-shaped slot, the slot shape of the third slot group may be a wave-shaped slot, and the included angle between the first, second, and third slot groups may be 120 degrees, so as to weaken the coupling effect among the first, second, and third slot groups when they are simultaneously used as excitation sources, thereby forming polarization isolation.

Of course, in other possible embodiments, a plurality of rows of slots 40 are formed in the outer conductor 30, and the plurality of rows of slots 40 may also include a first slot, a second slot and a fourth slot, the shape of the slot of the fourth slot being the same as the shape of the slot of the first slot;

the interval between the fourth slot group and the first slot group is larger than that between the first slot group and the second slot group, and the interval between the fourth slot group and the first slot group is larger than that between the second slot group and the fourth slot group, so that the coupling effect among the first slot group, the second slot group and the fourth slot group which are simultaneously used as excitation sources is weakened, and polarization isolation is formed.

The shape of the slotted hole of the first slotted hole group can be an I-shaped groove, the shape of the slotted hole of the second slotted hole group can be a U-shaped groove, and at the moment, the shape of the slotted hole of the fourth slotted hole group can be an I-shaped groove;

the shape of the slotted hole of the first slotted hole group can be an I-shaped groove, the shape of the slotted hole of the second slotted hole group can be a wave-shaped groove, and at the moment, the shape of the slotted hole of the fourth slotted hole group can be an I-shaped groove;

the shape of the slotted hole of the first slotted hole group can be a U-shaped groove, the shape of the slotted hole of the second slotted hole group can be a wave-shaped groove, and at the moment, the shape of the slotted hole of the fourth slotted hole group can be a U-shaped groove;

the shape of the slotted hole of the first slotted hole group can be a U-shaped groove, the shape of the slotted hole of the second slotted hole group can be an I-shaped groove, and at the moment, the shape of the slotted hole of the fourth slotted hole group can be a U-shaped groove;

the shape of the slotted hole of the first slotted hole group can be a wave-shaped groove, the shape of the slotted hole of the second slotted hole group can be an I-shaped groove, and at the moment, the shape of the slotted hole of the fourth slotted hole group can be a wave-shaped groove;

the shape of the slotted hole of the first slotted hole group can be a wave-shaped groove, the shape of the slotted hole of the second slotted hole group can be a U-shaped groove, and at the moment, the shape of the slotted hole of the fourth slotted hole group can be a wave-shaped groove;

the effect of these combinations is shown in table 2 below, and table 2 is a table of the effect of the combinations of three slotted groups:

TABLE 2

Optionally, a protective sheath 50 may be further nested on the outer conductor 30, as shown in fig. 1, and the leaky cable includes an inner conductor 10, an insulating layer 20, an outer conductor 30 and a protective sheath 50 which are sequentially nested from inside to outside.

Through the protective action of protective sheath 50 to inner structure, avoid the erosion of rainwater, silt to the life of extension leakage cable reduces the maintenance cost.

The embodiment of the present invention further provides a leaky cable system, as shown in fig. 5, which includes a leaky cable 100, and further includes a source jumper 200 and a matching component 300, where the source jumper 200, the leaky cable 100, and the matching component 300 are electrically connected in sequence.

Wherein, the source jumper 200 may be a common radio frequency jumper for introducing the source signal into the leaky cable 100; the matching unit 300 may be a matching load, an antenna, or a jumper, and when the matching unit 300 is a jumper, one end of the jumper is connected to the leaky cable 100, and the other end can be connected to other devices or apparatuses.

It should be noted that, the implementation manner of the embodiment of the leaky cable is also applicable to the embodiment of the leaky cable system, and the same technical effect can be achieved, and no further description is provided herein.

It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

While the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, which are illustrative and not restrictive, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.