阅读说明：本技术 防雨水冲刷边坡施工方法 (Construction method for preventing side slope from being washed by rainwater ) 是由 黄丁君 叶亲文 陈家炜 罗云鹏 于 2020-11-05 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种防雨水冲刷边坡施工方法,属于边坡领域,在袋装回填土外覆盖毛毡袋；毛毡袋上设有多个用于放置植被的容置腔,与现有技术中直接将植被种植在回填土上相比,现有技术中的植被尚未扎根回填土中时,在雨水冲刷下植被容易被直接冲下边坡；或者在暴雨时袋装回填土和植被一起被冲下边坡,导致边坡绿化率降低,水土流水严重；本发明通过在回填土上覆盖毛毡袋,毛毡袋上设有多个开口的容置腔用于容置植物根部被并承载植被重力,当植被根系未能扎入回填土时,袋体可以起支撑作用,防止植被被雨水冲下边坡；同时植被根系穿过毛毡袋扎入回填土后,毛毡袋还可以起到防止袋装回填土滚落边坡的作用；提高边坡施工过程中的绿化稳定性和绿化持续性。(The invention discloses a construction method for preventing rainwater from scouring a side slope, which belongs to the field of side slopes, and a felt bag is covered outside bagged backfill soil; compared with the prior art that vegetation is directly planted on the backfill soil, the vegetation in the prior art is easy to directly wash down the side slope under the rain wash when the vegetation is not rooted in the backfill soil; or the bagged backfill soil and the vegetation are flushed down the side slope together in heavy rain, so that the greening rate of the side slope is reduced, and the water and soil flow is serious; according to the invention, the backfill soil is covered by the felt bag, the felt bag is provided with a plurality of open accommodating cavities for accommodating the root quilt of the plant and bearing the gravity of the vegetation, and when the root system of the vegetation cannot be pricked into the backfill soil, the bag body can play a supporting role and prevent the vegetation from being washed down a side slope by rainwater; meanwhile, after the vegetation root system penetrates through the felt bag and is pricked into the backfill soil, the felt bag can also play a role in preventing the bagged backfill soil from rolling down the side slope; the greening stability and the greening continuity in the slope construction process are improved.)

1. A construction method for preventing rainwater from scouring side slopes is characterized by comprising

S1, arranging latticed lattice beams along the slope;

s2, arranging anchoring holes on the lattice beams; an anchor rope and an anchor rod extending out of the anchoring hole are arranged in the anchoring hole;

s3, stacking bagged backfill soil in the grids formed by the lattice beams; and covering a felt bag outside the bagged backfill soil; the felt bag comprises a sheet-shaped base fabric and a plurality of bag body parts arranged on the base fabric; the edge of part of the bag body is fixedly connected with the bottom to form an accommodating cavity with one open end, and the accommodating cavity is used for accommodating the vegetation root quilt and bearing the gravity of the vegetation; mounting holes are formed in the bottom cloth of the felt bag and connected with the anchoring joints, and the felt bag is fixed on the surface of the backfill soil;

s4, laying iron wire nets on the latticed lattice beams, wherein the iron wire nets are positioned outside the felt bags; and is connected with the anchor rod;

s5, planting vegetation in the felt bags.

2. The method for constructing a side slope by preventing rainwater from scouring according to claim 1, wherein the side slope is trimmed step by step before the slope is provided with latticed lattice beams, and the inclination angle of the side slope is 30-60 degrees; the lattice beams form a net structure on each stage of side slope.

3. The construction method for preventing the side slope from being washed by the rainwater as claimed in claim 1, wherein the anchor rod is of a hollow tubular structure provided with an opening, the side wall of the anchor rod is provided with at least three cracks extending to the opening, and the tip of the conical wedge is inserted into the opening end of the anchor rod and then extrudes the side wall of the opening end of the anchor rod to be outwards expanded to form an end fixing structure; the bottom end of the tapered wedge is inserted into the bottom of the anchoring hole.

4. The method for constructing a side slope with rain wash resistance according to claim 1, wherein the lattice beams are cast-in-place reinforced concrete, and the horizontal distance between adjacent lattice beams is less than 4 m; the grid area formed by the lattice beams is not more than 12m 2.

5. The construction method for preventing the rainwater from washing the side slope according to the claim 1, wherein the backfill soil is prepared by mixing the following components in parts by weight: 60-70 parts of fishpond sediment, 10-15 parts of humic acid soil, 10-23 parts of fly ash, 5-10 parts of coconut chaff, 2-5 parts of sawdust and 10-15 parts of stick clay.

6. The method for constructing a side slope with rain erosion resistance according to claim 1, wherein the vegetation inserted into the accommodating cavity is shrub, and the edge of the opening of the bag part after the vegetation is inserted is higher than the gravity center of the shrub vegetation.

7. The method for constructing a side slope with rain wash prevention according to claim 1, wherein the bottom of the felt bag is cellulose fiber at a position corresponding to the bag body.

8. The construction method for preventing the side slope from being washed by the rainwater as claimed in claim 1, wherein the edge of the mounting hole is provided with a metal wrapping; the anchor cable is inserted into the mounting hole and then is abutted against the metal wrapping edge.

9. The construction method for preventing rainwater from scouring side slopes according to claim 1, wherein the pore diameter of the wire netting is 0.3m ^2 and is less than 0.6 m ^ 2.

10. The method for constructing a side slope with rain wash prevention according to claim 1, wherein a drip irrigation system is required to be laid after vegetation is planted in the felt bag; the drip irrigation system comprises a plurality of drip irrigation pipes arranged along the slope inclination angle direction; the drip irrigation pipe is used for dripping water into the containing cavity of the felt bag, and the water permeates into the backfill soil after permeating the bottom of the felt bag.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of side slopes, in particular to a construction method for preventing rainwater from scouring the side slopes.

Background

Along with the increasing mileage of municipal roads in China, people have more and more demands on the municipal roads, so that the municipal roads are not only required to be smooth, but also required to be greened and beautified, and meanwhile, the safety of the municipal roads is more emphasized.

China has a large land and a complex terrain, so that municipal roads need to cross mountains and are provided with side slopes; therefore, the protection and treatment of the side slope with the easily falling loose rock-soil body become a great importance.

At present, the existing slope protection scheme mainly plants green plants on the slope to fulfill the aim of solidifying soil and preventing rock and soil from falling; however, in the existing slope greening technology, bagged backfill soil is directly put into grids enclosed by lattice beams of the slope, and then vegetation is planted in the backfill soil, so that the vegetation and the backfill soil are easily washed down from the slope by rainwater when the root system of the vegetation is not completely pricked into the backfill soil; the greening of the whole side slope is damaged, the stability and the continuity of the greening are not high, and the greening is easy to degrade; this is particularly the case in rainy seasons; some grids in the grids surrounded by the lattice beams lack green plants or only a small amount of green plants are stored, which is a common phenomenon on slopes.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the technology, the invention provides the construction method for preventing the side slope from being washed by rainwater, the felt bag is paved outside the bagged backfill soil, and green plants are planted in the felt bag, so that the side slope is effectively prevented from being washed by rainwater when the root system of the vegetation is not completely pricked into the backfill soil; the stability and the persistence of the greening are improved.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a construction method for preventing rainwater from scouring side slopes, which comprises the following steps

S1, arranging latticed lattice beams along the slope;

s2, arranging anchoring holes on the lattice beams; an anchor rope and an anchor rod extending out of the anchoring hole are arranged in the anchoring hole;

s3, stacking bagged backfill soil in the grids formed by the lattice beams; and covering a felt bag outside the bagged backfill soil; the felt bag comprises a sheet-shaped base fabric and a plurality of bag body parts arranged on the base fabric; the edge of part of the bag body is fixedly connected with the bottom to form an accommodating cavity with one open end, and the accommodating cavity is used for accommodating the vegetation root and bearing the gravity of the vegetation; and the bottom of the felt bag is provided with a mounting hole, and the mounting hole is connected with the anchoring joint to fix the felt bag on the surface of the backfill soil.

S4, laying iron wire nets on the latticed lattice beams, wherein the iron wire nets are positioned outside the felt bags; and is connected with the anchor rod;

s5, planting vegetation in the felt bags.

In a specific scheme, before arranging the latticed lattice beams on the slope surface, repairing the side slope step by step, wherein the inclination angle of the side slope is 30-60 degrees; the lattice beams form a net structure on each stage of side slope.

According to the specific scheme, transverse drainage ditches are arranged between the side slopes at different levels, a plurality of longitudinal drainage ditches are arranged on the side slopes at different levels, and the longitudinal drainage ditches are communicated with the transverse drainage ditches.

According to the specific scheme, the anchor rod is of a hollow tubular structure provided with an opening, at least three cracks extending to the opening are formed in the side wall of the anchor rod, and the tip end of the conical wedge is inserted into the opening end of the anchor rod and then extrudes the side wall of the opening end of the anchor rod to be outwards expanded to form an end fixing structure; the bottom end of the tapered wedge is inserted into the bottom of the anchoring hole.

In a specific scheme, the lattice beams are cast-in-place reinforced concrete, and the horizontal distance between every two adjacent lattice beams is less than 4 m; the grid area formed by the lattice beams is not more than 12m 2.

According to the specific scheme, the backfill soil is prepared by mixing the following components in parts by weight: 60-70 parts of fishpond sediment, 10-15 parts of humic acid soil, 10-23 parts of fly ash, 5-10 parts of coconut chaff, 2-5 parts of sawdust and 10-15 parts of stick clay.

The specific scheme, holding chamber opening up, vegetation root follow opening insert the back, bag body portion bears the gravity of vegetation in the vertical direction.

According to the specific scheme, the vegetation inserted into the accommodating cavity is shrubs, and the edge of the opening of the bag part is higher than the gravity center height of the shrub vegetation after the vegetation is inserted.

Preferably, the bottom of the felt bag is cellulose fiber at the position corresponding to the bag body.

According to the preferred scheme, the bottom of the felt bag is provided with a plurality of leakage holes corresponding to the bag body.

In the preferred scheme, the edge of the mounting hole is provided with a metal wrapping edge; the anchor cable is inserted into the mounting hole and then is abutted against the metal wrapping edge.

In the specific scheme, the aperture of the wire mesh is 0.3m ^2 and is less than 0.6 m ^ 2.

In the specific scheme, a drip irrigation system is required to be paved after the vegetation is planted in the felt bag; the drip irrigation system comprises a plurality of drip irrigation pipes arranged along the slope inclination angle direction; the drip irrigation pipe is used for dripping water into the containing cavity of the felt bag, and the water permeates into the backfill soil after permeating the bottom of the felt bag.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

according to the construction method for preventing the rainwater from scouring the side slope, the felt bag is covered outside the bagged backfill soil; the felt bag is provided with a plurality of open accommodating cavities which are used for accommodating the vegetation root quilt and bearing the gravity of the vegetation; the bottom of the felt bag is provided with a mounting hole, and the mounting hole is connected with the anchoring joint; compared with the prior art that vegetation is directly planted on the backfill soil, the vegetation is easy to be directly washed down the side slope under the rain wash when the vegetation in the prior art is not rooted in the backfill soil; or the bagged backfill soil and the vegetation are flushed down the side slope together in heavy rain, so that the greening rate of the side slope is reduced, and the water and soil flow is serious; according to the invention, the backfill soil is covered by the felt bag, the felt bag is provided with a plurality of open accommodating cavities for accommodating the vegetation root quilt and bearing the gravity of the vegetation, and when the vegetation root system cannot be pricked into the backfill soil, the bag body can play a supporting role to prevent the vegetation from being re-slopped by rainwater; meanwhile, after the vegetation root system penetrates through the felt bag and is pricked into the backfill soil, the felt bag can also play a role in preventing the bagged backfill soil from rolling down the side slope; greatly improving the stability and the persistence of the slope greening.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the construction method of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the slope configuration of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the felt bag of the present invention.

The main element symbols are as follows:

1. side slope; 11. a lattice beam; 12. anchoring the hole; 3. felt bags; 31. a bottom; 32. a bag body portion; 33. and (7) installing holes.

Detailed Description

In order to more clearly describe the present invention, the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As described in the background art, the existing road side slope 1 is filled with backfill soil in bags and vegetation is easy to be washed down the side slope 1 by rainwater, especially when the vegetation is just planted and the root systems of the vegetation cannot be pricked into the backfill soil; leading to the reduction of the greening rate of the side slope 1; based on the invention, the invention provides a construction method for preventing rainwater from scouring a side slope 1, which comprises the following steps of referring to figure 1

S1, arranging latticed lattice beams 11 along the slope;

s2, arranging anchoring holes 12 on the lattice beams 11; an anchor rope and an anchor rod extending out of the anchoring hole 12 are arranged in the anchoring hole 12;

s3, stacking bagged backfill soil in the grids formed by the lattice beams 11; and the felt bag 3 is covered outside the bagged backfill soil; the felt bag 3 includes a sheet-like base cloth 31 and a plurality of bag body portions 32 provided on the base cloth 31; the partial edge of the bag body part 32 is fixedly connected with the base cloth 31 to form an accommodating cavity with one open end, and the accommodating cavity is used for accommodating the vegetation root quilt and bearing the gravity of the vegetation; and the bottom cloth 31 of the felt bag 3 is provided with a mounting hole 33, and the mounting hole 33 is connected with the anchoring joint to fix the felt bag 3 on the surface of the backfill soil.

S4, laying iron wire nets on the latticed lattice beams 11, wherein the iron wire nets are positioned outside the felt bags 3; and is connected with the anchor rod;

s5, planting vegetation in the felt bag 3.

The invention covers a felt bag 3 outside the bagged backfill soil; the felt bag 3 is provided with a plurality of open accommodating cavities which are used for accommodating the vegetation root quilt and bearing the gravity of the vegetation; the bottom cloth 31 of the felt bag 3 is provided with a mounting hole 33, and the mounting hole 33 is connected with the anchoring joint; compared with the prior art that vegetation is directly planted on the backfill soil, the vegetation is easy to be directly washed down the side slope 1 under the rain wash when the vegetation in the prior art is not rooted in the backfill soil; or the bagged backfill soil and the vegetation are flushed down the side slope 1 together in heavy rain, so that the greening rate of the side slope 1 is reduced, and the water and soil flow is serious; according to the invention, the felt bag 3 is covered on the backfill soil, the felt bag 3 is provided with a plurality of open accommodating cavities for accommodating the vegetation root quilt and bearing the gravity of the vegetation, and when the vegetation root system cannot be pricked into the backfill soil, the bag body can play a supporting role to prevent the vegetation from being washed down the side slope 1 by rainwater; meanwhile, after the vegetation root system penetrates through the felt bag 3 and is pricked into the backfill soil, the felt bag 3 can also play a role in preventing the bagged backfill soil from rolling down the side slope 1; greatly improving the stability and the continuity of the slope greening.

In the present embodiment, the side slope is a highway side slope, a municipal road side slope, a railway side slope, or a mine, but is not limited thereto.

In a specific scheme, before S1, side slope 1 is repaired step by step, and the inclination angle of the side slope 1 is 30-60 degrees; the lattice beams 11 form a net structure on each stage of side slope 1; the gentle slope has reduced the probability that the rubble dropped down because of the action of gravity, and this angle can be alleviated the rainwater and wash side slope 1 down with the backfill soil in bags simultaneously.

In the present embodiment, the lattice shape of the lattice beam 11 is any one of a diamond shape, a square shape, or an arch shape.

In the embodiment, transverse drainage ditches are arranged between the side slopes 1 at all levels, a plurality of longitudinal drainage ditches are arranged on the side slopes 1 at all levels, and the longitudinal drainage ditches are communicated with the transverse drainage ditches; when raining, the inclination angle of the side slope 1 makes rainwater flow into the longitudinal drainage ditch through the transverse drainage ditch, so that the erosion of the side slope 1 by the rainwater is reduced, and the water and soil loss of the side slope 1 is reduced.

At S2, the lattice beam 11 is cast in place of concrete; the anchoring holes are formed in the lattice beams 11, and the anchor rods penetrate through the lattice beams 11 and then are inserted into rock strata of the side slope 1; the downward force applied to the lattice beam 11 is transmitted to the side slope 1 through the anchor rod; meanwhile, the connection between the lattice beam 11 and the side slope 1 is strengthened, and the lattice beam 11 is stably fixed on the side slope 1; the specific anchoring holes are a plurality of holes arranged on the nodes of the grid-shaped lattice beam 11.

Specifically, the anchor rod is of a hollow tubular structure provided with an opening, the side wall of the anchor rod is provided with at least three cracks extending to the opening, and the tip of the conical wedge is inserted into the opening end of the anchor rod and then extrudes the side wall of the opening end of the anchor rod to be outwards expanded to form an end fixing structure, so that the stability of the anchor rod in a rock stratum is improved; the bottom end of the conical wedge is inserted into the base cloth 31 of the anchoring hole 12; the other end of the anchor rod extends out of the anchoring hole or is connected with an anchor cable, and the anchor cable extends out of the anchoring hole; the wire netting is detachably hung on the anchor rod; the anchor rope is used for hanging the felt bag 3.

In the present embodiment, the felt bag 3 mainly plays three roles; the first is used for accommodating vegetation and bearing the weight of the vegetation; secondly, the device is used for shielding rainwater to prevent rainwater from directly washing the bagged backfill soil and washing the bagged backfill soil down the side slope 1; thirdly, when the bagged backfill soil slightly moves, the bagged backfill soil is intercepted to prevent the bagged backfill soil from continuously moving; in this example the felt bag 3 is laid over the grid formed by adjacent lattice beams 11, so that only anchor cables need to produce a sufficient tension on the felt bag 3; the felt bag 3 cannot be subjected to subsequent enclosure after one-time construction, so that even if the felt bag 3 is tightly pulled by an anchor cable in one-time construction, the pulling force of the anchor cable on the felt bag 3 is weakened along with the lapse of time; the middle part of the felt bag 3 is easy to loose under the action of gravity; therefore, in order to ensure the bearing performance of the felt bag 3, the length of the felt bag 3 in the horizontal direction is not easy to be too large, and the horizontal distance between the adjacent lattice beams 11 is less than 4m in the preferred scheme; the lattice beam 11 forms a grid area not greater than 12m 2.

In this embodiment, the backfill soil is prepared by mixing the following components in parts by weight: 60-70 parts of fishpond sediment, 10-15 parts of humic acid soil, 10-23 parts of fly ash, 5-10 parts of coconut chaff, 2-5 parts of sawdust and 10-15 parts of stick clay; the nutrient soil has rich component combination and nutrition, can meet the nutritional requirements of various plant growth, and enables the plants on the side slope 1 to easily survive and grow vigorously; the stability and the sustainability of the plant growth are maintained; particularly, the content of the fly ash is higher, so that the water absorption of the backfill soil is improved; because the vegetation root system is directly accommodated in the bag body structure of the felt bag 3, the vegetation root system needs to quickly penetrate through the felt bag 3 and be inserted into the backfill soil, so that the vegetation can grow; therefore, the water absorption of the backfill soil is improved, and the root systems of the vegetation roots which are led to the water can be utilized to quickly penetrate through the felt bags 3 and be inserted into the backfill soil.

In this embodiment, fly ash is a fine ash collected from flue gas generated by burning coal, and is a main solid waste discharged from a coal-fired power plant. The main oxides of the fly ash of the thermal power plant in China comprise SiO2, Al2O3, FeO, Fe2O3, CaO, TiO2 and the like; the fly ash particles are in a porous honeycomb structure, have large specific surface area and high adsorption activity, and have the particle size range of 0.5-300 mu m. And the bead wall has a porous structure, the porosity is as high as 50% -80%, and the water absorption is very strong.

In the present embodiment, the opening of the receiving cavity is upward, and after the root of the vegetation is inserted from the opening, the bag portion 32 receives the gravity of the vegetation in the vertical direction; when the side slope 1 is washed by rainwater, even if the root system of the vegetation is not pricked into the backfill soil, the bag body part 32 can bear the weight of the vegetation and effectively prevent the vegetation from being washed down the side slope 1; according to the specific scheme, the vegetation inserted into the accommodating cavity is shrubs, soil is attached to roots of the vegetation, and the opening edge of the bag part is higher than the gravity center height of the shrubs after the roots of the vegetation are inserted.

The construction mode of the invention is not suitable for planting turf on the side slope 1; only used for planting shrubs; shrubs refer to trees which have no obvious trunk and are short and small in a bush state, and can be generally divided into several types, such as ornamental flowers, ornamental fruits, ornamental branches and the like, and the trees are short and small woody plants; is perennial; the root system of the general broad-leaved plant can extend into the soil for 3-5m and can easily penetrate through the felt bag 3 and be inserted into the backfill soil; the root system of the common turf is short and difficult to insert into the backfill soil through the felt bag 3.

Preferably, the bottom cloth 31 of the felt bag 3 is made of cellulose fiber at the position corresponding to the bag body part 32; the cellulose fiber mainly comprises viscose fiber, acetate fiber, cuprammonium fiber and the like, and is obtained by remolding cellulose molecules of natural substances such as cotton linters, woods, bamboos, bagasse, reeds and the like by a certain process treatment method; the cellulose fibre is rectangular shape in this embodiment, and adjacent cellulose fibre holds the alternate segregation when receiving the root system extrusion, and it is comparatively easy that the root system passes 3 backer 31 of felt bag.

Alternatively, a plurality of leak holes are arranged on the bottom cloth 31 of the felt bag 3 at the position corresponding to the bag body part 32; the plant root system directly penetrates through the leakage hole and is inserted into the backfill soil.

In the embodiment, the felt bag 3 is provided with a mounting hole 33, and the anchoring lock penetrates through the mounting hole 33 and then is fixed with the felt bag 3; the edge of the mounting hole 33 is provided with a metal wrapping edge; the anchor cable is inserted into the mounting hole 33 and then abutted against the metal wrapping edge; compared with the method that the mounting hole 33 is not arranged on the felt bag 3 directly, the metal edge-wrapping force-bearing capacity is stronger; and the shearing force of the anchor cable can not tear the felt bag 3.

Preferably, a plurality of felt bags 3 are covered on the same grid of the lattice beam 11, and all the felt bags 3 are fixed through anchor cables.

In S4, the aperture of the wire netting is 0.3m 2 smaller than 0.6 m 2; the aperture is larger than that of the iron wire mesh in the conventional slope 1 process; the large-aperture meshes do not hinder the growth of vegetation, and particularly, the root system of the vegetation needs to penetrate through the felt bag 3 and be inserted into the backfill soil, so that the growth resistance is large; but the pore diameter is too large and cannot play a role in preventing falling rocks; therefore, the aperture of the wire mesh is 0.3m 2 smaller than 0.6 m 2.

After S5, a drip irrigation system is needed to be laid after the vegetation is planted into the felt bag 3; the drip irrigation system comprises a plurality of drip irrigation pipes arranged along the inclination angle direction of the side slope 1; the drip irrigation pipe is used for dripping water into the accommodating cavity of the felt bag 3, and the water permeates into the backfill soil after penetrating through the bottom cloth 31 of the felt bag 3; the water source of the drip irrigation system can be transported through a nearby well digging or engineering vehicle and pumped up by a water pump to flow downwards from the drip irrigation pipe at the top.

The invention has the advantages that:

1. the felt bag is provided with a plurality of open accommodating cavities which are used for accommodating the vegetation root quilt and bearing the gravity of the vegetation; compared with the prior art that vegetation is directly planted on the backfill soil, the vegetation slope protection bag has the advantages that the felt bag covers the backfill soil, the felt bag is provided with a plurality of open accommodating cavities for accommodating the vegetation root covers and bearing the gravity of the vegetation, and when the vegetation root systems cannot be pricked into the backfill soil, the bag body can play a supporting role to prevent the vegetation from being rewashed by rainwater.

2. After the vegetation root system penetrates through the felt bag and is pricked into the backfill soil, the felt bag can also play a role in preventing the bagged backfill soil from rolling down the side slope; greatly improving the greening rate in the slope construction process.

3. The horizontal distance between adjacent lattice beams is less than 4m in the preferred scheme; the area of the grid formed by the lattice beams is not more than 12m ^ 2; the bearing performance of the felt bag is ensured.

The above disclosure is only for a few specific embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and any variations that can be made by those skilled in the art are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.