阅读说明：本技术 一种提高通信可靠性的电子雷管 (Electronic detonator for improving communication reliability ) 是由 尹喜珍 朱志明 郑弘毅 于 2020-10-15 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种提高通信可靠性的电子雷管,所述电子雷管包括整流与通信电路、控制模块、点火模块和开关结构,所述控制模块分别连接点火模块和整流与通信电路,所述整流与通信电路连接起爆器,所述开关结构一端连接整流与通信电路,另一端连接起爆器,所述开关结构由控制模块控制,当控制模块接收到起爆器发出的起爆指令并开始执行起爆后,所述控制模块控制开关结构处于断开状态,使得这时电子雷管模块与起爆器及其它电子雷管模块之间处于物理隔断状态。本发明解决了在小断面、金属矿山、井下和隧道等复杂场景使用时,在接收起爆指令并执行起爆的过程中因电信号干扰导致的电子雷管拒爆的问题,大大提高了电子雷管的通信可靠性能和安全性。(The invention discloses an electronic detonator for improving communication reliability, which comprises a rectifying and communication circuit, a control module, an ignition module and a switch structure, wherein the control module is respectively connected with the ignition module and the rectifying and communication circuit, the rectifying and communication circuit is connected with an initiator, one end of the switch structure is connected with the rectifying and communication circuit, the other end of the switch structure is connected with the initiator, the switch structure is controlled by the control module, and when the control module receives an initiation instruction sent by the initiator and starts to execute initiation, the control module controls the switch structure to be in a disconnected state, so that the electronic detonator module, the initiator and other electronic detonator modules are in a physical separation state. The invention solves the problem of electronic detonator explosion rejection caused by electric signal interference in the processes of receiving the detonation instruction and executing the detonation when used in complex scenes such as small sections, metal mines, underground and tunnels, and the like, and greatly improves the communication reliability and safety of the electronic detonator.)

1. The electronic detonator is characterized by comprising a rectifying and communication circuit, a control module, an ignition module and a switch structure, wherein the control module is respectively connected with the ignition module and the rectifying and communication circuit, the rectifying and communication circuit is connected with an initiator, one end of the switch structure is connected with the rectifying and communication circuit, the other end of the switch structure is connected with the initiator, the switch structure is controlled by the control module, and when the control module receives an initiation instruction sent by the initiator and starts to perform initiation, the control module controls the switch structure to be in a disconnected state, so that the electronic detonator module, the initiator and other electronic detonator modules are in a physical separation state.

2. The electronic detonator of claim 1 wherein the initiator is connected to a first bus bar and a second bus bar, the first bus bar and the second bus bar have a length greater than 500m, the rectifying and communication circuit is connected to the first bus bar and the second bus bar by a branch line, and the branch line has a length of 3m to 25 m.

3. The electronic detonator improving communication reliability as claimed in claim 1, wherein the control module is a single chip microcomputer/control chip, the RX pin and the TX pin of the single chip microcomputer/control chip are respectively connected with the rectifying and communication circuit, and the P0 pin of the single chip microcomputer/control chip is connected with the switch structure.

4. The electronic detonator of claim 3 wherein the ignition module comprises an energy storage capacitor, a detonator and a bridge wire resistor, the P6 pin of the single chip microcomputer/control chip is connected with the detonator, the VC pin of the single chip microcomputer/control chip is connected with the energy storage capacitor and the bridge wire resistor, and the bridge wire resistor is connected with the detonator.

5. The electronic detonator improving the communication reliability according to claim 2, wherein the switch structure comprises a first switch and a second switch, the two ends of the first switch are respectively connected with the first bus and the rectifying and communication circuit, and the two ends of the second switch are respectively connected with the second bus and the rectifying and communication circuit.

6. The electronic detonator of claim 1 wherein the switch structure is an NMOS switch or a PMOS switch or a CMOS switch or an NPN switch or a PNP switch or a composite switch of an NPN and a PNP or a thyristor switch.

Technical Field

The invention relates to an electronic detonator, in particular to an electronic detonator for improving communication reliability.

Background

Electronic detonators, also known as digital electronic detonators, digital detonators or industrial digital electronic detonators, generally adopt an electronic detonator blasting control system to control the electronic detonators to blast.

The electronic detonator explosion control system basically comprises two parts, namely a detonator and an exploder, wherein a plurality of electronic detonator modules are connected with the exploder in a parallel connection mode, and the exploder can simultaneously control a plurality of electronic detonators to work.

The electronic detonator is generally blasted after receiving a detonation signal of the initiator, signal transmission between the electronic detonator and the initiator is generally through wired transmission, but when the electronic detonator is used in complex working environments such as small sections, metal mines, underground wells, tunnels and the like, the signal transmission between the electronic detonator and the initiator is often interfered, so that the electronic detonator has the problem of explosion rejection and is not beneficial to the safety of the electronic detonator.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an electronic detonator with improved communication reliability.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

the electronic detonator comprises a rectifying and communication circuit, a control module, an ignition module and a switch structure, wherein the control module is respectively connected with the ignition module and the rectifying and communication circuit, the rectifying and communication circuit is connected with an initiator, one end of the switch structure is connected with the rectifying and communication circuit, the other end of the switch structure is connected with the initiator, the switch structure is controlled by the control module, and when the control module receives a detonation instruction sent by the initiator and starts to perform detonation, the control module controls the switch structure to be in a disconnection state, so that the electronic detonator module, the initiator and other electronic detonator modules are in a physical separation state.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the initiator is connected with a first bus bar and a second bus bar, the length of the first bus bar and the length of the second bus bar are more than 500m, the rectifying and communication circuit is connected with the first bus bar and the second bus bar through branch lines, and the length of the branch lines is 3 m-25 m.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the control module is a single chip microcomputer/control chip, an RX pin and a TX pin of the single chip microcomputer/control chip are respectively connected to the rectification and communication circuit, and a P0 pin of the single chip microcomputer/control chip is connected to the switch structure.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ignition module includes an energy storage capacitor, a squib and a bridge wire resistor, the P6 pin of the single chip microcomputer/control chip is connected to the squib, the VC pin of the single chip microcomputer/control chip is connected to the energy storage capacitor and the bridge wire resistor, and the bridge wire resistor is connected to the squib.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the switch structure comprises a first switch and a second switch, two ends of the first switch are respectively connected with the first bus and the rectification and communication circuit, and two ends of the second switch are respectively connected with the second bus and the rectification and communication circuit.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the switch structure is an NMOS switch, a PMOS switch, a CMOS switch, an NPN switch, a PNP switch, or a composite switch of NPN and PNP, or a thyristor switch.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the invention solves the problem of electronic detonator misfire caused by electric signal interference in the process of receiving a detonation instruction and executing detonation when used in complex scenes such as small sections, metal mines, underground and tunnels, and the like, and greatly improves the anti-interference performance and safety of the electronic detonator.

In addition, the invention has simple structure, can be directly arranged on the existing blasting control system, does not need to redesign the blasting control system, and saves the cost.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the connection of the present invention to an initiator;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an NMOS switch;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a PMOS switch;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a CMOS switch;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an NPN switch;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a PNP switch;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a combination NPN and PNP switch;

fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the thyristor switch.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further explained below.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the electronic detonator with improved communication reliability provided by the invention comprises a rectifying and communication circuit 210, a control module 220, an ignition module 230 and a switch structure 240.

The rectifying and communication circuit 210 is for connection to the initiator 100 for receiving power and control signals provided by the initiator 100, and the rectifying and communication circuit 210 may be connected to the initiator 100 in the following manner: the initiator 100 is connected to a first bus a and a second bus B, and the rectifying and communicating circuit 210 is connected to the first bus a and the second bus B by branch lines.

In order to ensure the safety of field blasting operators, the lengths of the first bus A and the second bus B are greater than 500m, and meanwhile, the lengths of the electronic detonator modules 200 connected to the first bus A and the second bus B through branch lines can be 3 m-25 m according to different field conditions.

The control module 220 is respectively connected to the rectifying and communication circuit 210 and the ignition module 230, and is configured to receive the signal sent by the rectifying and communication circuit 210, feed back the signal to the rectifying and communication circuit 210, and control the ignition module 230 to operate.

The control module 220 may be specifically a single chip microcomputer/control chip, an RX pin and a TX pin of the single chip microcomputer/control chip are respectively connected to the rectifying and communication circuit 210, the rectifying and communication circuit 210 processes data sent from the initiator 100 and then transmits the processed data to the single chip microcomputer/control chip through the RX pin, and the single chip microcomputer/control chip may also transmit the processed data to the rectifying and communication circuit 210 through the TX pin, and the data is returned to the initiator 100 through the first bus a and the second bus B in a current feedback manner by the rectifying and communication circuit 210.

The ignition module 230 comprises an energy storage capacitor C1, a detonating tube Q1 and a bridge wire resistor YT, a pin P6 of a singlechip/control chip is connected with the detonating tube Q1, a pin VC of the singlechip/control chip is connected with the energy storage capacitor C1 and the bridge wire resistor YT, the bridge wire resistor YT is connected with the detonating tube Q1, after the singlechip/control chip receives a charging instruction, the energy storage capacitor C1 is charged by controlling the pin VC, the charging is stopped when the voltage of the energy storage capacitor C1 reaches an expected voltage value, after the charging is finished, the detonator 100 sends a detonating instruction, the detonating tube Q1 is opened through the pin P6, the energy stored in the energy storage capacitor C1 is released to the ground through the bridge wire resistor YT, the bridge wire resistor YT is caused to generate heat and ignite a detonating powder head on the bridge wire resistor, and the blasting is finished.

The switch structure 240 is located between the rectifying and communication circuit 210 and the initiator 100, one end of the switch structure 240 is connected with the rectifying and communication circuit 210, the other end of the switch structure is connected with the initiator 100 and is controlled by the control module 220, when the control module 220 receives an initiation instruction sent by the initiator 100 and starts to perform initiation, the control module 220 controls the switch structure 240 to be in an off state, so that the electronic detonator module 200 and the initiator 100 are in a physical isolation state at this time to isolate interference signals possibly generated in the initiation performing process, and when the control module 220 controls the switch structure 240 to be in an on state at other states, signal transmission between the initiator 100 and the electronic detonator module is ensured.

The switch structure 240 is specifically connected in series between the first bus a, the second bus B and the rectifying and communication circuit 210, and the switch structure includes a first switch S1 and a second switch S2, two ends of the first switch S1 are respectively connected to the first bus a and the rectifying and communication circuit 210, two ends of the second switch S2 are respectively connected to the second bus B and the rectifying and communication circuit 210, so that when the first switch S1 and the second switch S2 are in a closed state, the initiator 100 is in a connected state, and when the first switch S1 and the second switch S2 are in an open state, the initiator 100 is just in a physically blocked state.

In the present application, only after the control module 220 receives an initiation command of the initiator 100, the control module 250 will start to perform initiation and control the first switch S1 and the second switch S2 to be opened, and otherwise, the control module 220 controls the first switch S1 and the second switch S2 to be both in a closed state. Therefore, the detonation device and the detonation device 100 can not only ensure that the detonation device is not interfered when the detonation is executed, but also enable the detonation device and the detonation device 100 to carry out normal information and power transmission before the detonation.

The first switch S1 and the second switch S2 may have a variety of different specific implementations, including: NMOS switch, PMOS switch, CMOS switch, NPN switch, PNP switch, NPN and PNP composite switch, and silicon controlled switch.

Referring to fig. 3-9, the following are various specific implementations of the switch structure:

(1) when the switch structure is an NMOS switch, the switch is switched on when a control signal ENN sent by the control module is at a high level, and the switch is switched off when the ENN is at a low level;

(2) when the switch structure is a PMOS tube switch, the switch is switched on when a control signal ENP sent by the control module is at a low level, and the switch is switched off when the ENP is at a high level;

(3) when the switch structure is a CMOS switch, a control signal ENN sent by the control module is at a high level, and when ENP is at a low level, the switch is conducted; when the control signal ENN is at a low level and ENP is at a high level, the switch is turned off;

(4) when the switch structure is an NPN switch, and a control signal ENN sent by the control module is at a high level, the NPN transistor QN is turned on, the output Vout is shorted to the ground, which is equivalent to the switch being turned off, and when ENN is in another state, the pull-down resistor R2 is grounded, the NPN transistor QN is turned off, Vin is Vout, which is equivalent to the switch being turned on;

(5) when the switch structure is a PNP switch, and a control signal ENP sent by the control module is at a low level, the PNP transistor QP is turned on, Vin is Vout, which is equivalent to the switch on state, and when the ENP is in another state, the pull-up resistor R5 is connected to Vin, and the PNP transistor QP is turned off, which is equivalent to the switch off state;

(6) when the switch structure is an NPN and PNP combined switch, when a control signal ENN sent by the control module is at a high level, the NPN triode QN is conducted, a base level of a QP of the PNP triode is grounded, the QP is conducted, Vin is Vout, which is equivalent to the conduction of the switch, when the ENN is in other states, the pull-down resistor R2 is grounded, the pull-up resistor R7 is connected with Vin, and the triodes QN and QP are both disconnected, which is equivalent to the disconnection of the switch;

(7) when the switch structure is a silicon controlled switch, when a control signal ENN sent by the control module changes from a low level to a high level, Vin is Vout, which is equivalent to that the switch is turned on, and when ENN is a low level, the switch is turned off.

The specific selection of the switch structure 240 may be determined according to actual requirements, and the implementation manner of the switch structure is not limited to the above 7 manners, and only the implementation manner of the switch structure that the control module 220 can control the switch structure 240 to be in the off state after receiving the initiation instruction sent by the initiator 100 may be adopted.

The following is a specific working process of the present application:

in a normal working state, the control module 220 controls the first switch S1 and the second switch S2 to be in a closed state, the initiator 100 firstly sends a scanning broadcast instruction to the rectifying and communication circuit 210, after the rectifying and communication circuit 210 receives the scanning instruction, the rectifying and communication circuit 210 sends processed data to an RX pin of the control module 220, after the control module 220 processes the data, the data is sent to the rectifying and communication circuit 210 through a TX pin, the data is returned to the initiator 100 by the rectifying and communication circuit 210 in a current feedback manner for confirmation, after the state confirmation, the initiator 100 sends a charging instruction to the control module 220 through the rectifying and communication circuit 210, after the control module 220 receives the charging instruction, the VC pin is controlled to charge the energy storage capacitor C1, when the voltage of the energy storage capacitor C1 reaches an expected voltage value, the charging is stopped, after the charging is finished, the initiator 100 sends an initiation instruction, the output first bus bar a and second bus bar B become zero level. After the control module 220 receives the firing command, the level of the EN control signal output from the P0 pin is inverted, so that the first switch S1 and the second switch S2 are turned off. At this time, the initiator 100 is in a physical disconnection state with the application, and no interference signal enters the module to influence the subsequent execution of the initiation instruction. At this time, the energy storage capacitor C1 supplies power to the control module 220, after the control module 220 completes the set delay operation, the detonating tube Q1 is opened through the pin P6, the energy stored in the energy storage capacitor C1 is released to the ground through the bridge wire resistor, the bridge wire resistor YT is caused to generate heat, and the initiation explosive head on the bridge wire resistor is ignited, so that the blasting is completed.

In addition, an identity verification module is arranged on the initiator 100, and before operating the initiator 100, a field operator needs to verify the identity and perform 'roll call' on the electronic detonator module 200 in the network through the identity verification module, and after passing the authentication, the initiation process can be executed, so that the safety is improved.

The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.