阅读说明：本技术 一种大气空间立体温度探测的拉曼激光雷达系统装置 (Raman laser radar system device for atmospheric space three-dimensional temperature detection ) 是由 陈晓龙 于 2019-08-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种大气空间立体温度探测的拉曼激光雷达系统装置,包括激光发射光路系统：对激光光束进行扩束整形后入射大气,形成后向散射信号被光信号接收系统接收；光信号接收系统：接收来自激光发射光路系统的原始光信号并传递至分光系统；分光系统：将原始光信号进行滤除、筛选,分离出需要的特定波长的光信号,传递到光信号转化模块；光信号转化模块：接收经过分光系统筛选并分离出系统需要的波长的光信号,并转换成电信号；电信号处理系统：对电信号处理后传输至数据采集计算处理系统；数据采集计算处理系统：对调理后的电信号进行采集、处理和计算获取最终结果。本发明提高信号接收效果,探测距离远,精度高,能全天候保证雷达数据的正常。(The invention provides a Raman laser radar system device for detecting the three-dimensional temperature of an atmospheric space, which comprises a laser emission light path system: the laser beam is expanded and shaped and then is incident to the atmosphere to form a back scattering signal which is received by an optical signal receiving system; an optical signal receiving system: receiving an original optical signal from a laser emission optical path system and transmitting the original optical signal to an optical splitting system; a light splitting system: filtering and screening the original optical signals, separating the optical signals with the required specific wavelength, and transmitting the optical signals to an optical signal conversion module; the optical signal conversion module: receiving optical signals with the wavelength required by the system screened and separated by the light splitting system, and converting the optical signals into electric signals; an electric signal processing system: the electric signal is processed and then transmitted to a data acquisition, calculation and processing system; the data acquisition computing processing system comprises: and acquiring, processing and calculating the conditioned electric signal to obtain a final result. The invention improves the signal receiving effect, has long detection distance and high precision, and can ensure the normal radar data in all weather.)

1. A Raman laser radar system device for atmospheric space three-dimensional temperature detection is characterized by comprising a laser emission light path system, an optical signal receiving system (10), a light splitting system, an optical signal conversion module, an electric signal processing system and a data acquisition computer processing system,

the optical signal receiving system (10): receiving an original optical signal from a laser emission optical path system and transmitting the original optical signal to an optical splitting system;

the optical signal conversion module: receiving optical signals with the wavelength required by the system screened and separated by the light splitting system, and converting the optical signals into electric signals required by an electric signal processing system;

the electric signal processing system: the electric signal is processed and then transmitted to a data acquisition, calculation and processing system;

the optical splitting system comprises an optical fiber (11) and a spectrometer (12), the optical fiber (11) receives an optical signal from the optical signal receiving system (10) and transmits the optical signal to the inside of the optical splitting system for splitting, and the spectrometer (12) separates high-order and low-order Raman signals in the received optical signal.

2. A raman lidar system apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the optical fiber (11) in the light splitting system adopts a double-optical fiber structure.

3. A raman lidar system apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the intelligent optical skylight device comprises optical glass (5), a sensor monitoring device (6), a skylight cleaning device (7), a defogging device (8) and a control device (9), wherein the sensor monitoring device (6), the skylight cleaning device (7) and the defogging device (8) are electrically connected to the control device (9), and the optical glass (5) is positioned on a transmitting end of a laser emission optical path system and a receiving end of an optical signal receiving system (10);

the sensor monitoring device (6) monitors the working condition of the surrounding environment of the optical glass (5) and transmits the working condition to the control device (9);

the skylight cleaning device (7) is used for cleaning the outer surface of the optical glass (5);

the demisting device (8) is used for eliminating condensed water on the surface of the optical glass (5).

4. A raman lidar system apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the laser emission optical path system comprises a laser (1) and a beam expander (2), and laser beams with specific wavelengths emitted by the laser (1) are directly emitted into the atmosphere through the beam expander (2).

5. A Raman lidar system apparatus for atmospheric spatial stereo temperature detection according to claim 4, wherein: the emergent end of beam expander (2) still is provided with speculum (3), speculum (3) are provided with a plurality ofly.

6. A raman lidar system apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the optical signal receiving system (10) comprises a receiving telescope, the receiving telescope receives optical signals after laser and particles in the atmosphere act in the whole field of view and converges the optical signals into a focus, and a lens is added in front of the focus.

7. A raman lidar system apparatus according to claim 6, wherein: an optical fiber coupler is also arranged between the telescope and the optical fiber (11).

8. A raman lidar system apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the optical signal conversion module comprises a detector, and the detector selects according to the wavelength range of the received light.

9. A raman lidar system apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the electric signal processing system comprises a denoising circuit module (16) and an amplifying circuit module (17), wherein the denoising circuit module (16) filters and suppresses electric noise through filtering, and the amplifying circuit module (17) amplifies the electric noise by 1 order or multiple orders.

10. A raman lidar system apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the data acquisition calculation processing system comprises an acquisition card (18) and a computer (19); the acquisition card (18) samples the analog signals optimized by the electric signal processing system, converts the analog signals into digital signals, performs batch processing calculation and transmits the digital signals to the computer (19).

Technical Field

The invention mainly relates to the technical field of laser radars, in particular to a Raman laser radar system device for atmospheric space three-dimensional temperature detection.

Background

Atmospheric temperature is one of the basic meteorological parameters in atmospheric environmental studies, which describes the thermal equilibrium structure of the atmosphere. The method plays an important role in researching problems such as atmospheric physics phenomenon, global climate warming, space temperature inversion layer and the like, and is also an important model parameter of a plurality of atmospheric modes. The atmospheric temperature in all days is combined with the spatial distribution and time evolution parameters of the aerosol, and the problems of cloud and mist precipitation, climate change, weather process and the like are favorably researched. Accurate atmospheric temperature detection is of great significance.

At present, the main means for detecting the vertical temperature of the atmosphere comprises satellite remote sensing, an air sounding balloon, a microwave radiometer and the like. The satellite remote sensing detection is temperature inversion performed from top to bottom based on thermal radiation information and an atmosphere model, and has the advantages of large scale, wide space, integral macroscopic characteristics, low vertical resolution and poor detail and precision effects; the mode of sounding balloon can realize comparatively accurate measurement, but speed is slow, the yardstick is little, and the scope is narrow, is applicable to certain point location and measures to factor influences such as weather condition, geographical position still are limited to.

Compared with the traditional detection mode, the laser radar technology is the most promising active remote sensing detection technology and has unique advantages in the field of atmospheric environment detection application: the method has the advantages of high space-time resolution, high space resolution, wide detection range, high detection precision, strong continuous detection, low maintenance and the like.

The ordinary skylight lens of current equipment adoption, in actual environment's use, lens dust accumulation, rainwater accumulation problem appear in the near field, need regularly clear up, generally once every day, if not clear up, will influence actual radar signal quality, the raman signal is originally just weak, if the lens surface is unclean very easily decay radar effective signal, leads to the detection distance to reduce. And if dust in the air or rainwater is not neutral, such as acidic or alkaline, the coated film layer on the surface of the skylight lens can be slowly corroded if not cleaned in time, so that the receiving efficiency of radar signals is reduced.

For winter and summer, in some high-humidity areas, because the radar system is generally in a constant-temperature environment, the temperature difference between the inner environment and the outer environment can easily cause the condensation phenomenon of the skylight lens, and if the condensation occurs, all radar signals can be blocked and disappear to form invalid data. The problem is solved by adjusting the temperature of the air conditioner of the station house and providing a dehumidifier, but the problem is solved by monitoring in time by personnel, and the method is time-consuming, labor-consuming and high in cost.

The Raman temperature measurement laser radar carries out vertical temperature profile inversion through the acquired rotating Raman signals, and the Raman signals are extremely weak and are easy to interfere, so that the detection distance is short generally, and the accuracy is poor particularly in the daytime.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the problems of low signal-to-noise ratio of a Raman signal, short detection distance and low high precision are solved, and a high-precision vertical detection result of the atmosphere temperature profile can be obtained; the problem of current radar receive external environment influence easily, need a large amount of manpowers to maintain the control is solved. The invention provides a Raman laser radar system device for detecting the three-dimensional temperature of an atmospheric space, which comprises a laser emission light path system, an optical signal receiving system 10, a light splitting system, an optical signal conversion module, an electric signal processing system and a data acquisition computer processing system,

the laser emission optical path system comprises: shaping the laser beam, guiding the laser beam to enter the atmosphere, enabling the laser to act on related molecules and particles in the atmosphere, and forming an optical signal received by the optical signal receiving system;

the optical signal receiving system 10: receiving an original optical signal from a laser emission optical path system and transmitting the original optical signal to an optical splitting system;

the light splitting system comprises: screening the optical signals transmitted by the optical signal receiving system, separating the optical signals of which the system needs specific wavelengths, and transmitting the optical signals to the optical signal conversion module;

the optical signal conversion module: receiving optical signals with the wavelength required by the system screened and separated by the light splitting system, and converting the optical signals into electric signals required by an electric signal processing system;

the electric signal processing system: the electric signal is processed and then transmitted to a data acquisition, calculation and processing system;

the data acquisition computing processing system: the device is used for collecting, processing and calculating the electric signals processed by the electric signal processing system;

the optical splitting system comprises an optical fiber 11 and a spectrometer 12, the optical fiber 11 receives the optical signal from the optical signal receiving system 10 and transmits the optical signal to the inside of the optical splitting system for splitting, and the spectrometer 12 separates high-order and low-order raman signals in the received optical signal.

Preferably, the optical fiber 11 in the optical splitting system adopts a dual-fiber structure, and the spectrometer 12 adopts a grating or a focusing lens or a slice mirror or a filter.

Preferably, the intelligent optical skylight device is further included, the intelligent optical skylight device comprises an optical glass 5, a sensor monitoring device 6, a skylight cleaning device 7, a defogging device 8 and a control device 9, wherein the sensor monitoring device 6, the skylight cleaning device 7 and the defogging device 8 are electrically connected to the control device 9, the optical glass 5 is positioned on a transmitting end of the laser emission optical path system and a receiving end of the optical signal receiving system 10;

the sensor monitoring device 6 monitors the working condition of the environment around the optical glass 5 and transmits the working condition to the control device 9;

the skylight cleaning device 7 is used for cleaning the outer surface of the optical glass 5;

the demisting device 8 is used for eliminating condensed water on the surface of the optical glass 5.

Preferably, the sensor monitoring device 6 is a temperature sensor or a humidity sensor or a raindrop sensor or a video monitoring device.

Preferably, the skylight cleaning device 7 is a wiper or a water sprayer.

Preferably, the defogging device 8 is a heater and a fan.

Preferably, the laser emission light path system comprises a laser 1 and a beam expander 2, and a laser beam with a specific wavelength emitted by the laser 1 is directly emitted into the atmosphere through the beam expander 2.

Preferably, the exit end of the beam expander 2 is further provided with a plurality of reflectors 3, and the reflectors 3 are provided.

Preferably, the optical signal receiving system 10 includes a receiving telescope, the receiving telescope receives the optical signals after the laser and the particles in the atmosphere act in the whole field of view and converges the optical signals into a focus, and a lens is added in front of the focus.

Preferably, a fiber coupler is further provided between the telescope and the optical fiber 11.

Preferably, the optical signal conversion module includes a detector, and the detector is selected according to the wavelength range of the received light.

Preferably, the electrical signal processing system includes a denoising circuit module 16 and an amplifying circuit module 17, the denoising circuit module 16 filters and suppresses electrical noise through filtering, and the amplifying circuit module 17 amplifies through 1 or multiple stages.

Preferably, the data acquisition computational processing system comprises an acquisition card 18 and a computer 19; the acquisition card 18 samples the analog signals optimized by the electrical signal processing system, converts the analog signals into digital signals, performs batch processing calculation, and transmits the digital signals to the computer 19.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. by adopting a large-aperture telescope structure and combining a double-optical-fiber receiving device, the aberration is effectively reduced, and the effective signal field angle is reduced, so that the signal-to-noise ratio of a received signal is improved, and higher precision is obtained;

2. compared with the traditional single optical fiber, the double-optical fiber structure can increase the receiving field angle in the arrangement direction, improve the signal receiving effect and ensure that the detection distance is longer;

3. the light splitting system adopts double-grating light splitting, compared with the traditional single-grating light splitting, the linear resolution is higher, the linear dispersion rate of 0.1nm/mm is realized in an ultraviolet band, and the requirement of high linear dispersion rate required by Raman wavelength related to temperature detection is met;

4. the intelligent skylight system is arranged, so that the external environment can be self-perceived and automatically controlled, the influence of the external environment is not easily caused, the automatic operation can be realized without the monitoring of people, and the normal radar data can be ensured in all weather.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the present invention;

in the figure, the position of the upper end of the main shaft,

1. a laser; 2. a beam expander; 3. a mirror; 4. a mirror; 5. an optical glass; 6. a sensor monitoring device; 7. a skylight cleaning device; 8. a defogging device; 9. a control device; 10. an optical signal receiving system; 11. an optical fiber; 12. a spectrometer; 13. a meter signal detector; 14. a first Raman signal detector; 15. a second Raman signal detector; 16. a denoising circuit module; 17. an amplifying circuit module; 18. collecting cards; 19. and (4) a computer.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood and make the above features, objects, and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, the present invention is further described with reference to the following examples. The examples are intended to illustrate the invention only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

As shown in fig. 1, the present invention includes: a laser emission optical path system, an optical signal receiving system 10, an optical splitting system, an optical signal conversion module, an electrical signal processing system and a data acquisition computer processing system,

the optical signal receiving system 10: receiving an original optical signal from a laser emission optical path system and transmitting the original optical signal to an optical splitting system;

the optical signal conversion module: receiving optical signals with the wavelength required by the system screened and separated by the optical splitting system, filtering out the unwanted optical signals, and converting the unwanted optical signals into electrical signals required by an electrical signal processing system;

the electric signal processing system: the device is used for conditioning the just converted electric signals, reducing noise, improving the signal to noise ratio, matching the signals with a post-level data acquisition and calculation processing system, and transmitting the signals to the data acquisition and calculation processing system for acquisition, processing and calculation;

the optical splitting system comprises an optical fiber 11 and a spectrometer 12, the optical fiber 11 receives the optical signal from the optical signal receiving system 10 and transmits the optical signal to the inside of the optical splitting system for splitting, and the spectrometer 12 separates high-order and low-order raman signals in the received optical signal.

In this implementation, it is preferable that the intelligent optical skylight device further includes an intelligent optical skylight device, wherein the intelligent optical skylight device includes an optical glass 5, a sensor monitoring device 6, a skylight cleaning device 7, a defogging device 8 and a control device 9, the sensor monitoring device 6, the skylight cleaning device 7 and the defogging device 8 are electrically connected to the control device 9, and the optical glass 5 is located on the transmitting end of the laser emission optical path system and the receiving end of the optical signal receiving system 10;

the sensor monitoring device 6 monitors the working condition of the environment around the optical glass 5 and transmits the working condition to the control device 9;

the skylight cleaning device 7 is used for cleaning the outer surface of the optical glass 5;

the demisting device 8 is used for eliminating condensed water on the surface of the optical glass 5.

In the present embodiment, the sensor monitoring device 6 preferably uses a temperature sensor or a humidity sensor or a raindrop sensor or a video monitoring device.

In the present embodiment, it is preferable that the sunroof cleaning device 7 is a wiper or a water sprayer.

Set up above-mentioned structure, skylight cleaning device 7's effect is the clearance of realizing outside lens surface, solves the lens surface unclean or has ponding to lead to the unusual problem of radar signal.

In the present embodiment, it is preferable that the defogging device 8 is a heater and a fan. The defogging device 8 is used for eliminating condensed water on the surface of the lens, generally comprises heating and guiding functions, and can guide hot air to the surface of the optical glass to blow and heat the surface of the optical glass.

By adopting the intelligent skylight device, the problem that Raman signals are weak and are easy to interfere is solved, external environment sensing and judgment operation can be automatically carried out, processing and monitoring are not carried out on site by people, and the difficulty of manpower maintenance can be greatly reduced. Moreover, the validity of radar data can be ensured, and the problem of radar data abnormity caused by external environmental factors is avoided

In this embodiment, the laser emitting optical path system preferably includes a laser 1 and a beam expander 2, and a laser beam with a specific wavelength emitted by the laser 1 is directly emitted into the atmosphere through the beam expander 2.

In use, the adopted laser has good beam quality effect, and can be directly incident to the atmosphere or be incident to the atmosphere after being reflected by a reflector without being matched with a beam expander. Typically a 355nm wavelength or 532nm wavelength laser is used. In this embodiment, a high repetition frequency 355mm wavelength ultraviolet laser is used, the pulse width is less than 15ns, and the frequency is greater than 2 KHz.

In this embodiment, it is preferable that the exit end of the beam expander 2 further includes a plurality of reflectors 3, and the plurality of reflectors 3 are provided.

With the above configuration, the mirror functions to emit the expanded laser light into the atmosphere in a specific direction, so that the optical signal receiving system 10 can efficiently receive the signal. In some systems, the reflector is not needed, the laser is directly emitted to the atmosphere, the design adopts two reflectors, the surface of the reflector is coated with a reflecting film, and the reflectivity is more than 99 percent.

In the present embodiment, it is preferable that the optical signal receiving system 10 includes a receiving telescope, the receiving telescope receives the optical signals after the laser and the particles in the atmosphere act in the whole field of view and converges into a focus, and a lens is added in front of the focus.

In order to facilitate good signal reception, the aperture of the telescope is larger, generally larger than or equal to 200mm, the lens is added for eliminating spherical aberration, and the size of a light spot at an imaging position is reduced, so that the effective field angle is reduced, and meanwhile, the divergence angle of emergent light matched with the effective field angle can be reduced to a greater extent.

In this embodiment, a fiber coupler is preferably further provided between the telescope and the optical fiber 11.

In order to further improve the receiving efficiency, the telescope can be ensured to receive light energy to be coupled into the optical fiber to the maximum extent, and the coupling efficiency is effectively improved.

In this embodiment, the optical fiber 11 in the optical splitting system is a dual-fiber structure, and the spectrometer 12 is a dual grating or focusing lens or a slice mirror or a filter.

With the above structure, the spectrometer 12 has high and low-order raman wavelengths of 353.8nm and 356.3nm for a 355-wavelength laser and 529.0nm and 531.1nm for a 532nm wavelength.

In use, the large-aperture telescope structure is combined with the double-optical-fiber receiving device, so that aberration can be effectively reduced, the angle of view of effective signals is reduced, the signal-to-noise ratio of the received signals is improved, higher precision is obtained for extraction of Raman signals, meanwhile, the double-optical-fiber receiving device is adopted, the angle of view of receiving is increased, and the receiving of the effective signals is guaranteed to the maximum extent.

In addition, the high-magnification beam expander is combined, the emergent light divergence angle is reduced, the aberration eliminating telescope and the double optical fibers are combined, the emergent light divergence angle is effectively compressed, the light spot of the telescope is reduced, the receiving field angle is increased, and the signal to noise ratio is greatly increased.

In this embodiment, the optical signal conversion module preferably includes a detector, and the detector is selected according to the wavelength range of the received light.

The structure is arranged, the detector adopts PMT or CPM or APD, and in the embodiment, the detector adopts a meter signal detector 13, a first Raman signal detector 14 and a second Raman signal detector 15.

In this implementation, the electrical signal processing system preferably includes a denoising circuit module 16 and an amplifying circuit module 17, the denoising circuit module 16 filters and suppresses electrical noise through filtering, and the amplifying circuit module 17 amplifies through 1 or multiple stages.

The noise reduction circuit module is used for improving the signal-to-noise ratio and is realized by a noise reduction circuit module 16; in order to achieve the best effect, the original signal intensity is properly amplified by the denoising circuit module 16 and matched with a post-stage data acquisition, calculation and processing system.

In this implementation, the data acquisition computational processing system preferably includes an acquisition card 18 and a computer 19;

the acquisition card 18 samples the analog signals optimized by the electrical signal processing system, converts the analog signals into digital signals, performs batch processing calculation, and transmits the digital signals to the computer 19.

The structure is arranged, wherein the acquisition card 18 can be divided into an analog acquisition card and a photon counting acquisition card according to different types, and is adaptive to the system; the computer 19 performs unified calculation processing on the data calculated by the acquisition card, and converts the acquired data into storable computer data texts and pictures for dynamic presentation and display according to specific software functions.

The specific implementation flow is as follows:

as shown in fig. 1, the laser emits 355nm pulse laser, and the laser is expanded by a beam expander 2, then is reflected by a reflector 3 and a reflector 4 in sequence, and then is incident to the outside atmosphere through skylight glass 5.

The sensor monitoring device 6 can detect the external environment, acquire information on temperature, humidity, and rainfall state, transmit the information to the control device 9, and determine whether to activate the wiper device 7 and the defogging device 8 by the control device 9.

If the outside is rainy, the lens cleaning device 7 can be started to scrape accumulated water on the surface of the optical glass 5; if the skylight needs to clean dust on the surface of the lens, the lens cleaning device 7 can also be started for cleaning. If the internal environment of the optical glass 5 reaches the condensation condition, the defogging device 8 is controlled to start to work, condensed water on the surface of the skylight lens glass is eliminated, and the radar signal is ensured to be normal.

Laser entering external atmosphere is received by an optical signal receiving system through scattered signals, the telescope 10 converges and concentrates all light in a field range, the received whole light is transmitted to a rear-stage spectrometer 12 through an optical fiber 11 for further light splitting, three paths of signals including high-low order rotation Raman signals and meter scattering signals are separated, each path of signal is respectively connected with a detector, namely a meter signal detector 13, a first Raman signal detector 14 and a second Raman signal detector 15, and the optical signals are converted into electric signals.

The signal-to-noise ratio of the acquired electric signals is improved after signal optimization processing such as denoising processing of the denoising circuit module 16 and amplification processing of the amplifying circuit module 17, sampling and acquisition are carried out by an acquisition card 18 of a data acquisition system, analog signals are converted into digital signals, and the digital signals are uniformly uploaded to a computer 19 for inversion calculation and result presentation through an algorithm.

The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present patent application and are not intended to limit the present patent application. Modifications and variations can be made to the above-described embodiments by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of this patent application. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concepts disclosed in the present application shall be covered by the claims of this patent application.