阅读说明：本技术 通风设备用的格栅 (Grille for ventilation equipment ) 是由 R·沙巴赫 C·阿方索·特谢 L·达·卢兹·莫雷斯 P·托雷斯·罗曼希尼 J·里卡多·赫尔曼 于 2018-12-28 设计创作，主要内容包括：本专利申请涉及通风设备用的格栅,其配置在通风设备(AP)的吹风元件(V)的下游,包括配置在定子部分(E)上游的网格部分(G)。(The present patent application relates to a grille for a ventilation device, arranged downstream of a blowing element (V) of the ventilation device (AP), comprising a mesh portion (G) arranged upstream of a stator portion (E).)

1. A grille for a ventilation device (100) arranged downstream of a blowing element (V) of a ventilation device (AP), characterized in that the grille comprises a mesh section (G) arranged upstream of a stator section (E).

2. Grid according to claim 1, characterized in that the mesh part (G) and the stator part (E) form a single air guide.

3. Grid according to claim 1, characterized in that the grid parts (G) are formed by radial and concentric fins (A) forming concentric rings.

4. Grid according to claim 1, characterized in that the stator part (E) is formed by blades (P) extending radially from the centre, i.e. the inside, of the grid to the outer periphery, i.e. the outside, of the grid, the two faces or leading edges of the blades having an airfoil profile.

5. Grid according to claim 1, characterized in that the gap (F) between the fan (V) and the grid nozzles_vbg) Corresponding to the inner diameter (d) of the grid nozzle_bg) And the outer diameter (D) of the fan (V)_v) Half of the difference between.

6. Grid according to claim 1, characterized in that the depth (L) of the inlet edge of the protective ring_pe) And the depth (L) of the outlet edge_ps) Aspect ratio (Z) between_p) Between 0.1 and 2.0.

7. Grid according to claim 1, characterized in that the minimum gap (D) between the points of maximum width of two adjacent protection rings_p) At the outer diameter (D) of the fan (V)_v) The value varies between 0.1 and 15%.

8. The grid according to claim 1 wherein the radius is other than the inlet edge radius(R_pe) And exit edge radius (R)_ps) In addition, each fin (A) has an inlet edge taper (Ω)_pe) And outlet edge taper (omega)_ps)。

Technical Field

The present invention relates to the field of devices and apparatus for air cooling and ventilation, and more particularly to the field of air conditioning equipment and fans.

Brief introduction to the drawings

The present invention relates to an air-blowing grille with built-in stator for application in appliances with ventilation elements, wherein said grille performs both the protection and support functions inherent to grills of this nature, as well as the function of recovering the partial dynamic pressure of the air passing through the grille, coming from the air-blower of the appliance for which the grille is intended.

The grille according to the invention makes it possible to increase the air flow of the respective equipment considerably for the same angular velocity of the air insufflator equipped, this increase in flow reaching up to 30% compared to similar equipment known in the prior art.

Background

Various configurations of meshes or grills for ventilation devices of the above-mentioned nature are known in the prior art.

One example is the solution disclosed in patent document US4858683, which relates to a cover for an air conditioning condenser unit, which cover is formed from a single unitary sheet of material. The cap includes a peripheral portion, a central portion, and an undivided annular portion located between the peripheral portion and the central portion. The peripheral portion, the central portion and the annular portion are generally coplanar. A first set of fins (fin) interconnects the central portion and the annular portion. A second set of fins connects the annular portion and the peripheral portion. The angle of inclination of the fins relative to the plane of the cover varies along the length of the fins.

Reading patent document US4858683, and based on the drawings of this application, it can be noted that the one-piece construction is intended to solve a series of problems, but eventually causes other problems. One of them is product maintenance, since the fin structure provides greater vulnerability so it cannot withstand greater pressures in the event of accidents such as stacking products or involving weight or pressure exerted on the grid. Furthermore, there is no mention in US4858683 regarding the cleaning of the lid and the possible disassembly of the lid to facilitate such cleaning. Such devices are prone to the accumulation of dust and various other types of debris. It will therefore be appreciated that the cleaning process is impeded by the fins and is further complicated by the difficulty of access and removal of the cover.

Finally, the fact that US4858683 seeks to protect the inclination angle of its fins is unsatisfactory when reading US4858683, since it is rare and ambiguous once the angles are mentioned and how they should be associated with possible solutions to the problems of the prior art.

Another related prior art solution is proposed in US20170343016, which discloses a protection grid set and a corresponding external air conditioning unit with a front panel, a fan protector comprising a hub arranged at the outlet to attach the fan motor set directly, and ribs arranged between the hub and the front panel. Further, the external unit according to this document includes a cabinet, a bell (bell) mouth provided in the cabinet, a fan cover provided at an outlet of the bell mouth, and a fan motor group attached to the fan cover.

The solution of US20170343016 aims at providing both a grid capable of providing less resistance to the airflow of the fan and a robust grid structure capable of ensuring rigidity to stably support the fan and the motor in the external air conditioning unit. Although it mentions that especially in the case of sections having a concave surface (faces S1, S2, S3 of fig. 9 of US 20170343016) while the opposite faces are straight, the increase in the blade pitch angle and the variation in their section height are features that enable the air flow through the grid to be optimized. Thus, the grid of US20170343016 does not have a stator function, since the aerodynamic profile of its blades is not used to redirect the airflow to recover part of the kinetic energy contained therein.

Several other prior art devices, such as those proposed by patent documents US 4202409, WO 201778513 and JP4936251, have shown common problems throughout the prior art. Many of the proposed devices and solutions have grids or bars configured and/or angled to prevent optimal drainage or airflow. Furthermore, it is common to use materials that interfere with cleaning and maintenance for a variety of reasons, such as meshes with very narrow openings and cuts, or meshes that are also difficult to remove from the body to which they are attached. Thus, complex or difficult maintenance and cleaning can become expensive.

Therefore, there is room for improvement in grills for ventilation apparatuses, which eliminate the problems pointed out in the prior art, and furthermore, provide resource savings in addition to safety and convenience to their end users.

Disclosure of Invention

Problems to be solved by the invention

It is therefore an object of the present patent to provide a grille for a ventilation device, wherein the grille has an integrated built-in stator, with both protection and support functions as well as the function of restoring the dynamic pressure of the air passing through the grille.

Drawings

For a better understanding and presenting the objects of the invention patent, reference will now be made to the accompanying drawings, in which the functional improvements obtained are schematically represented, and in which:

fig. 1 shows a partial cross-sectional side view of a grille for a ventilation device according to the invention, said grille being mounted downstream of blowing means of the ventilation device;

FIG. 2 shows an enlarged side view of detail X of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 shows an enlarged side view of a grid fin according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 shows an enlarged side view of detail Y of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 shows a partial cross-sectional side view of the stator of the grid of FIG. 1;

figure 6 shows a side view of detail T of figure 5;

FIG. 6a shows an enlarged side view of detail T of FIG. 5, more particularly of the lower part of a stator blade according to the invention;

FIG. 6b shows an enlarged side view of detail T of FIG. 5, more particularly an enlarged side view of the upper part of a stator vane according to the invention;

FIG. 7 shows an upper front perspective view of the grid of FIG. 1 mounted downstream of an aeration device of a ventilation apparatus;

FIG. 8 shows a top view of a grill for a ventilation apparatus according to the present invention, the grill being mounted on the ventilation apparatus;

FIG. 9 shows an enlarged side view of detail W of FIG. 8; and

fig. 10 shows a perspective view of a ventilation device provided with a grille according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

The grille or only grille for a ventilation device according to the patent of the invention is a monolithic grille, which is arranged downstream of the blowing element (V) of the ventilation device (AP), essentially comprising a mesh portion (G) and a stator portion (E).

The grid part (G) is formed by radial and concentric fins (a) forming concentric rings or radial ribs and arranged upstream of the stator part (E), i.e. beside the air-blowing element (V), here represented by a fan (V). The grid portion (G) forms, in addition to being configured as a safety element to prevent access to the rotating and/or internal parts of the equipment (AP), also the initial part of the stator (E), the fins (a) of which are the initial part of the air conduction of the blades (P) of the stator (E), wherein the fins (a) have an airfoil profile with the purpose of increasing the recovery efficiency of the dynamic air pressure from the fan (V), converting it into a static pressure obtained by reducing the circumferential component of the fan outlet speed (V). Furthermore, it should be noted that the fins (a) must have a sufficient shape to allow the injection of the piece and its extraction, with minimum cost (height of the concentric rings) and minimum loss of material (inlet and outlet tapering). The shape of the fins (a) may be, for example but not limited to, an asymmetric prismatic shape or other suitable profile, preferably with inclined faces.

The stator portion (E) is formed by blades (P) extending radially from the centre (inside) of the grid to the periphery (outside) of the grid, the two faces or leading edges of the blades having an airfoil profile.

When leaving the fan (V), the total air flow velocity is composed of an axial component defining the air flow and a circumferential component resulting from the angular movement of the fan (V). By means of the curvature of the blades (P) of the stator (E), the circumferential component is reduced and its kinetic energy is partly converted into static pressure. Thus, because the static pressure in the grid/stator increases and only from the grid outlet will the static pressure become equal to the ambient pressure again, the static pressure that the fan (V) has to overcome decreases because the pressure at its outlet is lower than the ambient pressure (outside the grid).

Thus, the static pressure ratio of the inlet to the outlet when the fan (V) is operating is lower than when it is operating in the absence of the stator (E), and therefore a significant increase in the air flow is obtained.

The flow increase value facilitated by the grille according to the invention varies according to the dimensions of the grille/stator (E) and of the fan (V).

In tests carried out in a split air-conditioning condenser, with a grid known from the prior art and then operating with a grid according to the invention, the increase in outlet airflow from the grid was increased by more than 15%, in tests carried out on equipment that is simpler in design and has optimised dimensions and aesthetic characteristics, in the laboratory, an increase in air volume per unit time of more than 25% was achieved compared to a conventional grid.

The technical effect of the combination of safety and increased airflow possible by the object of the invention results from a simple but efficient and effective design, based on the above example but certainly not limited thereto, as shown and elucidated below.

Outer diameter (D) of fan (V)_v) And inner diameter (d) of the grid nozzle_bg) In relation to this, so that a gap (F) is created between the fan and the grid nozzle_vbg) The gap corresponding to the inner diameter (d) of the grid nozzle_bg) And outer diameter (D)_v) Half of the difference, namely:

in a non-limiting example of the invention, the void (F)_vbg) Typical values of (c) are in the range between 1 and 50mm, preferably 7mm, depending of course on the type of equipment used.

Also on the fan (V), it is noted the axial position (LA) of the fan outlet edge_vs) Axial position of stator inlet edge (LA)_ee) Axial position of stator exit edge on outer radius (LA)_ese) And the axial position (LA) of the stator exit edge within the inner radius_esi) So that the fan outlet edge and the stator inlet edge (F)_ve) A gap is established between them, which is equal to the axial position (LA) of the stator inlet edge_ee) And axial position (LA) of fan outlet edge_vs) The difference between, representing a value between 1 and 30mm, preferably 15 mm, of course depending on the type of equipment used. Thus:

Fve＝LAee-LAvs

furthermore, the above measurements determine the stator depth (P) in the outer radius_ee) The depth being equal to the axial position (LA) of the stator exit edge in the outer radius_ese) Axial position (LA) with stator inlet edge_ee) The difference between, and the stator depth (P) in the inner radius_ei) The depth corresponding to the axial position (LA) of the stator exit edge in the inner radius_esi) Axial position (LA) with stator inlet edge_ee) The difference between them. Thus:

Pee＝LAese-LAee

Pei＝LAesi-LAee

stator depth in outer radius (P)_ee) And stator depth in inner radius (P)_ei) Is rotated between 10 and 300mm, in this example, outerStator depth in radius (P)_ee) Is 25mm and a stator depth (P) in the inner radius_ei) Is 35 mm. In addition to the discussion of ideal values, it is important to note that, in practice, depth (P)_ee、P_ei) And grid size are often limited by the size constraints imposed by the overall design, particularly by the costs involved in tooling, materials, shipping, assembly, etc. As a meaningful relationship, it has been demonstrated that the height (or depth) dimension of the grille is equal to 1 to 2 times the fan height (measured axially).

As mentioned above, the air flow in motion is at the fan outlet edge at an angle (α) relative to the axial (total) air velocity in the flow path_vs) Reaches the grid at an angle (Γ) relative to the axial stator inlet edge in the flow path_ee) Reach the stator (E) blades (A), thus the angle (alpha) of the (total) air velocity in the fan outlet edge_vs) Angle (gamma) to the stator inlet edge_ee) There is an angular offset between them, referred to herein for completeness's sake only as the lag value (lag) (β)_ve) But not represented in the figure:

βve＝Γee-αvs

in the illustrated example, the hysteresis value (β)_ve) Varying between-15 ° and +15 °, preferably close to zero.

Outlet edge (Θ) of stator (E)_es) The angle with respect to the axial direction in the flow path must be smaller than the angle (Γ) of the stator inlet edge_ee) And is close to or equal to zero, preferably, in this example, the desired stator inlet edge angle (Γ)_ee) Will be 10 ° (ten degrees) which approximates maximum dynamic pressure recovery.

Stator (E) blades (P) such that the radius of curvature (R) of the stator blades_e) About 10 to 1000 mm, in the given example preferably about 60 mm, depending on the size (AP) of the device, under these conditions the number of stator vanes (N)_e) Is a direct function of the diameter of the grid, the number of stator vanes per grid (N)_e) It may vary from 2 to 100 blades (P), in this case 30 blades (P). However, the number of blades (P) is substantially theoretically ideal for the fan1 to 2 times the number of blades (V), which means, for example, that for a fan (V) with 4 blades, the stator has 8 blades (P). Although this is the ideal value for maximum pressure recovery, in our example case the strong size, structural, safety and aesthetic limitations increase this number to about 30, which obviously varies according to the conditions described above.

In the course of the fan air flow (V), each blade (P) has a stator inlet edge radius (R)_ee) Or compatible airfoil profile-and stator exit edge radius (R)_es) Wherein the values compatible with the given example range between 0.1 and 20mm, preferably about 1 mm.

An important feature of the blade (P) according to the invention is the continuous variation of its curvature from the center of the grid to its outer periphery, referred to herein as the coefficient of expansion (Zexr) of the stator blades in the radial direction, representing the variation in angular units per unit length of each blade, expressed in degrees/mm. Suitable values range from-10 °/mm to +10 °/mm, preferably-0.2 °/mm, that is to say a desired angle of the outer radius of approximately 30 °.

According to the grid fin (A), configured in the grid part (G), in addition to the function of preventing the accident of the internal and/or moving parts of the equipment (AP), the fin also forms the initial part of the stator (E) as the initial air conduction part of the stator (E) blade (P).

The concentric rings formed by the fins (A) of the grid part (G) have a depth (L)_p) A guard ring in the range of 2 to 50mm, preferably approximately 10mm, and further having a depth (L)_pe) Has a value between 2mm and 20mm, preferably 3mm, of the inlet edge and depth (L) of the protective ring_ps) The exit edge of the guard ring, which is a classical value for this example, is between 2mm and 30mm, preferably 7 mm.

Depth (L) of entrance edge of guard ring_pe) And the depth (L) of the outlet edge_ps) The aspect ratio (Z) between_p) Such that the quotient between these amounts is from 0.1 to 2.0, preferably from 0.4 to 2.0,

namely:

minimum spacing (D) between guard rings corresponding to the distance between points of maximum width of two adjacent guard rings_p) Must be between 2mm and 50mm and, in a non-limiting example of the invention, is preferably approximately 8mm, i.e. the minimum clearance (D)_p) Can be on the outer diameter (D) of the fan (V)_v) Varying between 0.1 and 15% of the value, preferably (D)_v) 5% of the total.

Between the inlet edge of the protection ring and the inlet edge of the stator, the gas flow (P)_pe) The relative position in the axial direction of the path is greater than or equal to the depth (L) of the inlet edge_pe) This is because due to injection limitations, less than this value affects the shape (greater losses) and the relative position is less than the stator depth in the outer radius (P)_ee) Or stator depth in inner radius (P)_ei) Preferably substantially equal to the depth (L) of the inlet edge_pe) This means that the stator inlet edge is at the transition between the inlet edge and the outlet edge of the protection ring (point of maximum width of the protection ring).

Except that the inlet edge radii (R) are both between 0.5mm and 10mm, preferably approximately 1mm in the given example_pe) And exit edge radius (R)_ps) In addition, each fin (a) forming the protection ring has an inlet edge taper (Ω) of 5 ° to 120 °, preferably substantially 35 °_pe) Outlet edge taper (Ω) of 5 ° to 120 °, preferably substantially 30 °_ps)。

It should be noted that the invention is not limited to the proposed concept and extends to all design possibilities including integration of the discharge grate to the stator by or repositioning the protective grid at the grate outlet. The invention is also not limited to use in split air conditioner condensers and may be used in condensers of different types (refrigerator, free-standing, etc.) of various capacities and forms, as well as other equipment such as table or wall or ceiling fans, heaters, air blowers, room humidifiers, vehicle ventilation systems, etc.

The grids according to the present invention may be made of any material commonly used for grids and grids of this nature, as well as polymers, metals, fibers and other suitable materials, but are not limited to these.

The present invention overcomes another important drawback of the prior art, since the grille can be easily removed from the body of the equipment (AP) to which it is attached, for cleaning operations and regular maintenance.

Another significant advantage is that the grille for a ventilation device of the invention provides a saving in energy, such as electricity or fuel for driving a generator, since practical tests have demonstrated that the inventive concept of using a mesh portion (G) upstream of the stator portion (E) enables an improvement of the air flow performance of nearly 30%.

It should also be noted that the grid for a ventilation device of the invention can be adapted to different types of devices, since the dimensional variations required to accommodate different oven (oven) sizes do not exceed the scope of the object of the invention.

Finally, it is also clear that the invention presents low construction and maintenance costs, eliminating the use of additional devices such as support and adjustment members, locks or additional structures.

Finally consider

It is obvious that the measured values and the relation between the measured values described for the present invention may vary depending on the size of the grille for the ventilation apparatus.

However, extensive practical testing has shown that these dimensions and their relationship are efficient and effective in terms of the safety and utility provided by grills for ventilation equipment.

Conclusion

It will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes could be made to the invention without departing from the concepts disclosed in the foregoing description. Such modifications must be considered as included within the scope of the present invention. Accordingly, the particular embodiments described in detail above are illustrative and exemplary only, and are not limiting to the scope of the invention, which is to be given the full breadth of the appended claims and any and all equivalents thereof.