阅读说明：本技术 用于提升设备的钢结构复合组件 (Steel structure composite assembly for lifting equipment ) 是由 吉利·斯科瓦萨 于 2019-06-24 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种用于提升设备的钢结构复合组件,所述钢结构复合组件包括提升系统,通过水平横梁彼此固定的垂直连接的支柱的下部部分固定到所述提升系统中,其中调平提升系统包括提升板(11)。在两端的内侧上装配有相互以90度角度布置的成组开口的各个支柱(1)的垂直连接通过具有固定的第一螺母(21)的内连接件(18)实现,所述第一螺母通过第一内六角螺钉(20)附接,所述第一内六角螺钉抵抗由于经由一组开口的振动而引起的自发释放。所述横梁(2)与支柱(1)的连接装配有固定的一体螺母(17)。(A steel structural composite assembly for a lifting device, the steel structural composite assembly comprising a lifting system into which lower portions of vertically connected columns fixed to each other by horizontal beams are fixed, wherein a leveling lifting system comprises a lifting plate (11). The vertical connection of the various uprights (1) fitted with sets of openings arranged at an angle of 90 degrees to each other on the inner sides of the two ends is achieved by means of an inner connector (18) with a fixed first nut (21) attached by means of a first socket head cap screw (20) which resists spontaneous release due to vibrations through the set of openings. The connection of the cross beam (2) and the pillar (1) is equipped with a fixed integral nut (17).)

1. A steel structural composite assembly for a lifting device, which comprises a lifting system into which the lower part of a system of vertically connected columns fixed to each other by cross beams is fixed, characterized in that the leveling lifting system comprises a lifting plate (11) anchored into a concrete pit via an opening (15) using chemical bonding, while the structure leveling system comprises an adjusting screw (14), an adjusting bearing nut (12) and a safety nut (13), where the adjusting screw (14) passes through an opening in the lifting plate (10) welded on the lower part of the lowermost column (1) of the structure, and the vertical connection (3) of the individual columns (1) equipped with a set of openings arranged at 90 degrees to each other on the inside of both ends is realized by an inner connection (18) with a fixing nut (21), said inner connection being attached using socket head cap screws (20) with safety washers having a high resistance to spontaneous loosening due to vibrations through a set of openings, and the connection of the cross beam (2) with the post (1), i.e. the screw connection (4), being equipped with a fixed integral nut (17), in the face of the cross beam (2), closed by a plate (4b) through an oblong opening (4a) inside the structure by a socket head cap screw (4c) supported by a safety washer (4d) having a high resistance to spontaneous loosening due to vibrations, wherein the connection (4) is further equipped with mechanical protection by a safety plate (7) attached to a fixing nut (19) by a socket head cap screw (22) attached into the inside of a section on the side of the cross beam (2), wherein corner reinforcements (6) ensure the stability and perpendicularity of the connection (4) of the pillar (1) and the beam (2), and a system for placing the brackets of guide rails, which system comprises an oval opening (8) and a T-bolt (16) with a rectangular block (16b) at the rear part and a square block (16a) on the rectangular block for fixing and leveling the attached elements of the elevator.

2. The steel structural composite assembly for a lifting device according to claim 1, characterized in that all pillars (1) and beams (2) are made of the same standard closed section.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a self-supporting steel structure with a solid or transparent cladding for installing elevator technology systems.

Background

The solutions available on the market are mainly standard self-supporting welded structures. Their main drawback is the progressive installation at the construction site, using welding, grinding and subsequent painting processes carried out on site. The accuracy of the compromise in the manufacture of the structure depends on the expertise and precision of the welder and assembler who performed the manufacture of the structure. Another disadvantage is the risk of fire due to hot material spattering accompanying welding and grinding operations. The main drawback is of course the extended manufacture of the structure at the construction site and the longer duration of the elevator unavailability in case of replacement of the prior-art elevator system. The advantage of welded structures is high load bearing capacity and simple design, allowing the same type of elements to be used for all major vertical and horizontal parts of the structure.

In exceptional cases, the prior art provides prefabricated structures with field installation, which eliminates the need for welding operations at the construction site. However, such a construction is composed of, in particular, opening sections or bent sheet metal, which does not achieve the stability and design simplicity of standard welded constructions and is not suitable for higher load-bearing capacity, hoisting operation and solutions of elevator technology systems which are currently widely used, in which no machine room exerts higher loads on the structure of the elevator shaft. In the known case of existing solutions, various types of elements are manufactured for the main horizontal and vertical bearing elements of the structure. In most cases, more elaborate designs require additional reinforcement of the wrap cable(s) to obtain a higher stability of the structure together with elevator technology system components anchored into the surrounding structure outside the shaft structure or using strong reinforcement elements at the level of the individual floors. Furthermore, if a transparent cladding is used, the open sections and screws are visible with a lower aesthetic value, which is not acceptable, for example, in the case of internal solutions with higher requirements in terms of aesthetics. Furthermore, such an assembly structure does not allow to utilize the space of the elevator cabin to the maximum in the small space of the stairwell, where the possibility of placing the entrance onto the landing (landing) would extend the space of the elevator cabin up to 100 mm.

Another disadvantage of the known assembly structures is that they make it difficult to place the lifting plate on a less flat surface, which is solved by non-systematic support of the corners of the distribution frame with metal sheets having various thicknesses, or require a very flat surface, the preparation of which is technically demanding and expensive.

Another disadvantage of this assembly configuration is the use of a loose nut and screw combination, where a single-start wrench must be used on both sides during assembly to eliminate rotation of the nut when the connection is complete. For the reasons mentioned above, the elements of the structure are usually designed to be open.

The WO 2006131947 document discloses the construction of an assembly shaft made of bent sheet metal that is connected by a threaded connection with loose nuts and screws. In addition, the structure is reinforced on each floor by a perimeter frame which provides a high degree of stability to the shaft. The structure is also adequately fixed within the frame of all compartments (bay) by using diagonal bracing (diagonalbridging) of the steel cables. The structure is placed on a lifting frame that allows the extension of the structure to align when it is placed.

A disadvantage of the disclosed solution is that it is more complicated and rather expensive to manufacture, taking into account the different sections of the pillars and beams. The only product produced on the basis of the standard series of the metallurgical industry is a large-size sheet metal, the various types of which need to be cut into pieces and bent in order to obtain customized elements for the structure of its pillars and beams. Another disadvantage of open elements is that they limit the lower stability of the overall height of the shaft, are more difficult to access for cleaning structures, lack of mechanical barriers for screw connection protection and compromise the aesthetic aspect in case of using transparent cladding in the spaces of stairwells. The use of open sections is necessary because a loose nut and screw combination is used and access is provided on both sides of the connection, requiring two tools on each side of the screw connection to retighten.

Among the drawbacks of the structure disclosed in the WO 2006131947 publication is the need to use also stabilizing frames at the level of the various floors, which limits the maximum utilization of the space of the shaft in which the shaft is installed inside the stairwell, and also lacks a system solution for fixing the entrances of the shaft doors. Another drawback can be seen in the designed structure levelling system, namely that it allows on the one hand the upper part of the structure to be aligned, but on the other hand does not provide a systematic solution to the problem of uneven surfaces on which the lifting frame is placed. Due to the uneven surface, the lifting frame must be non-systematically supported in the corners by the spacing metal sheets of various thicknesses. A final disadvantage is that complex fixing means (fixing) are required to fix the brackets of the elevator guide rails.

The document EP 2162377 discloses an assembled elevator shaft, the construction of which is complicated and fairly expensive to manufacture, which construction is based on a bent sheet metal system with a number of openings and screw connections, wherein threaded nut connections have to be used. The surface of the hoisting frame is required to be completely flat or, in case the surface for placing is not sufficiently flat, to support the structure corners non-systematically by means of spacer metal sheets, the stability of the structure is usually very low, which is only applicable in the interior where the rails can be anchored into the surrounding structure or where the rails fully assume a load-bearing function, among other requirements. To a self-supporting cladding rather than a self-supporting structure capable of transferring forces from an elevator. The height of the structure is limited and space cannot be utilized by extending the access opening onto the landing space.

The document EP 3222573 discloses an assembly structure of an elevator shaft, which is complicated and expensive to manufacture, which is fitted with a system of bent sheet metal, which has a low overall stability and no fixed connections. To a solution based on a simple connection of a transverse carrying element with a vertical carrying element. Other problematic parts of the elevator structure are not addressed.

The CN 106672754 document describes an assembly structure of an elevator shaft in which the manufacture of the structure based on bent sheet metal is complicated and expensive. This structure has a lower level of stability and is suitable for lower indoor platforms, not full-value elevators (full-value elevators) intended for apartment houses. A completely flat surface is required on which the lifting frame needs to be placed, or alternatively where the surface for placement is not completely flat, the structural corners must be non-systematically supported by the spacer metal sheets. The entrance for the shaft door and its anchoring are not covered. It is not possible to utilize space by extending the access opening onto the landing space.

The CN 102180397 document discloses a solution for a shaft steel structure assembled in blocks. The above solution can be adopted, in particular, externally using a crane, thus eliminating any possibility of internal use.

The document CN105329751 discloses an assembly structure of an elevator shaft. The drawbacks of the above solutions are the complex and expensive manufacturing due to the system of bending the metal sheets, the requirement of a completely flat surface for placing the lifting frame, or the applicable non-systematic support of the structural corners by the spacer metal sheets in case the surface for placing is not sufficiently flat. This structure has a lower level of stability and is more suitable for lower indoor platforms than full value elevators for apartment houses. There is no solution to the access opening for the shaft door and its anchoring and landing space cannot be utilized by extending the access opening.

The CN 203428696 document discloses an assembly structure for an elevator shaft of an industrial elevator. The shaft is very coarse in design and carries diagonal bracing. This solution is not suitable for exposed structures of shafts in apartment houses.

The AU 8115491 document discloses a construction system for a construction elevator. This system is not suitable for standard elevator technology systems used in apartment houses.

The CN 204096827 document discloses an assembly structure in a block design that is more suitable for mounting on the outside where a crane can be employed.

Based on the prior art, it is assumed that the assembly structure requires a connection using screws and loose nuts, and it is not possible to design the manufacture of the assembly structure based on a uniform closing element utilized in the welded structure. The proposed element is therefore opened up with different sections for the struts and beams of the structure. The known prior art based assembly structures lack the mechanical properties of the welded structure and therefore the presently known assembly structures are limited to small scale custom production, where such high load capacity, stability and mechanical resistance are not required. Thus, the advantage of using a uniform prefabricated section for the entire structure remains only on a portion of the welded structure on site.

Disclosure of Invention

A steel structural composite assembly for a lifting device, the composite assembly comprising a lifting system into which the lower parts of vertically connected columns connected to each other by cross beams are fixed, wherein the levelling lifting system comprises lifting plates (11) which are anchored into a concrete pit via openings (15) using chemical bonding, and the structure levelling system comprises adjustment screws (14), adjustment load nuts (12) and safety nuts (13), wherein the adjustment screws (14) pass through openings in the lifting plates (10) welded to the lower part of the lowermost column (1) of the structure. The vertical connection (3) of the various uprights (1) fitted with sets of openings arranged at an angle of 90 degrees to each other on the inner sides of the two ends is achieved by means of an inner connector (18) with fixing nuts (21) attached by means of socket head cap screws (20) with safety washers having a high resistance to spontaneous release due to vibrations through the set of openings. The connection of the cross beam (2) fitted with a fixed integral nut (17) to the post (1), i.e. the screw connection (4), is achieved in the front part of the cross beam (2), which is closed by a plate (4b) via an oblong opening (4a) inside the structure by means of a socket head cap screw (4c) supported by a safety washer (4d) having a high resistance to spontaneous release due to vibrations. The connection (4) is also equipped with mechanical protection by a safety plate (7) attached by means of socket head cap screws (22) to fixing nuts (19) attached to the inside of the sections on the sides of the cross beam (2), where corner reinforcements (6) ensure the stability and perpendicularity of the connection (4) of the pillar (1) and cross beam (2), and a system for seating the brackets of the guide rails, which comprises an oval opening (8) and a T-bolt (16) with a rectangular block (16b) at the rear part and a square block (16a) on the rectangular block, for fixing and leveling the attached elements of the elevator.

The steel structural composite assembly for the lifting device preferably has all the struts (1) and cross beams (2) made of the same standard closed section.

The disclosed solution simplifies and reduces the manufacturing and installation costs by using the same series of produced elements for the horizontal and vertical elements of the structure, increases the overall stability of the structure, improves its aesthetic impression, simplifies the foundation of the shaft, maximizes the space for the elevator technical system in the case of additional installation in the limited space for the elevator shaft in existing stairwells.

The disclosed assembly structure combines the advantages of using uniform elements for beams and columns in the case of welded structures, including their high load-bearing capacity, and the advantages of the assembly structure in that it can be manufactured in the workshop and installed on site quickly. The disclosed structure allows for design simplicity and load bearing capability with standard welded structures without the need for additional pre-fabrication operations.

Drawings

FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of a

Figure 1 shows a section of a structural model,

FIG. 2

Figure 2 shows the lifting of the structure,

FIG. 3

Figure 3 shows an anchoring system for the guide rail brackets of the elevator and shaft doors,

FIG. 4

FIG. 4 shows the connection of the horizontal and vertical load bearing elements of the structure, FIG. 5

Figure 5 shows the connection of the vertical carrying elements of the structure,

FIG. 6

Fig. 6 shows a corner reinforcement of a horizontal element.

Detailed Description

Examples of embodiments of steel structural composite assemblies for lifting equipment are provided in fig. 1-6.

As shown in fig. 1, the structure is designed as a closed section of steel, which is produced as a main element by a metallurgical process series. Support post2And a cross beam1Made of the same type of closing section. The length of the individual elements is measured on the basis of the dimensions of the elevator technology system and the space available in the shaft.

As shown in fig. 5, is connected3Vertical element in (1)1Exerting pressure on each other, which ensures a high load-bearing capacity of the higher structure. They pass through the connecting piece18Attached to each other, these connectors stabilize the mutual position of the connected vertical elements. Connecting piece18Comprising integral fastening nuts arranged at an angle of 90 degrees to each other21. Connected strut1Includes a set of openings, screws20And the fixing washer is screwed into the connecting piece through the openings18In (1). When the screw is retightened20The position of the elements to be connected and aligned is fixed. Due to the direct connection between the connecting pieces18In the use of a fixing nut21When the connection is retightened, no secondary tool is required to hold the loose nut.

Support post1By screw connection4Connected to a cross-member2. At the connection of4In the point (2), as shown in FIG. 4, a fixing nut is integrally formed17Embedded in the vertical element. Fixed integral nut17Screw fitted with washer with high resistance to vibrations4cThe screws being formed by plates welded to the front of the horizontal members4bTo secure the cross-beam of the structure2And a support1The firm connection of (2). Identical connection4System for connecting entrance of shaft door5The element of (1).

Vertical element connected to the front of the structure1Horizontal bearing element in2Security pane connected by elements7Covering the surface of the substrate with a covering agent,this also ensures mechanical protection of the connection. Horizontal elements at one level in the rear part of the structure2Arranged at 90 degrees to each other; these adjacent connections are all made by corner reinforcements6Covering, the corner reinforcement mechanically covering the connection4And also ensures that a right angle is maintained between adjacent horizontal elements.

For the purpose of easy mounting and alignment of the guide rails and the brackets of the shaft door, a system for connecting the aforementioned elements of an elevator technology system is designed, see fig. 3. In the horizontal element2In and at the inlet5Is provided with an oval opening8Into which special T-bolts are inserted16The T-bolt has a rectangular block at a rear portion thereof16bA square block is placed on the top of the rectangular block16a. The system allows easy connection of elevator technical elements and also allows easy replacement of screws in case of damage to the screws. Inserting screws into oval openings8Performing the following steps; in the section it is turned through an angle of 90 degrees and partly pushed out of the section. Screw nail16bThe rectangular edge of the head part is provided with an opening8And when the brackets of the elevator guide rails or the shaft doors are connected, the square blocks16aT-shaped bolt16And then rotated. Horizontal alignment of the guide rail and the connecting element of the bracket of the shaft door is possible before the connection is completely retightened.

The entire structure of the shaft is lifted onto a designed structure leveling system, see fig. 2, which is independent of the flat surface below the shaft and does not require any support from below by any spacer metal sheets. Distribution plate11Through the opening15Anchored into the concrete foundation of the structure by chemical bonding. At the distribution plate11On the upper part, an adjusting screw and a lifting plate are placed10Inserting an adjustment screw through the opening; the lifting plate being welded to the vertical carrier element of the structure1On the bottom portion of (a). The element can be adjusted by lifting the adjusting nut12Gradually aligned to a desired height, which means that the entire structure can be leveled. Then can pass through the safety nut13And (4) fixedly connecting.

Below the level of the respective floor levels,the structure is formed by an L-shaped anchoring part9Anchored into the landing via chemical bonding. These anchors include a vertical oval connection for delivering possible expansion of the structure. The angle piece also comprises an oblong opening in the longitudinal direction, which may extend before the structure if necessary, unless the anchoring surface of the landing is on a precise perpendicular line to the construction shaft. These horns are connected to the structure by two screws with anti-vibration and anti-loose washers. The nut is again inserted directly into the structure to eliminate the necessity of two tools required to retighten the screw and nut.

Referring to fig. 1, the main part of the structure is composed of the structure1Main bearing support assembling and structure2Is connected to the main load strut. In order to increase the structural stability, the joint connection in the corner is also provided by a corner reinforcement6The connection is made, thereby ensuring that the right angle is maintained in the connection. The support column with the maximum length of 4.5m is connected by an internal screw4The connections, details of which are provided in fig. 4. The maximum length of the pillar is 0.5m shorter than the standard length of the elevator guide rail. In this way, trouble-free transportation, handling and storage in the field are provided. A sufficient overall length also ensures the maximum possible stability of the structure, unlike in the case of structures in which the mounting of the uprights is carried out at the location of each cross-beam. The structure itself passes from its front through an extended inlet5Is strengthened. This solution offers the possibility of extending the shaft door onto the exit landing and enlarging the space for the elevator car itself in the small shaft.

The elevation of the structure (see fig. 2) is designed for surfaces that are not completely flat. Which comprises a lifting plate11The lifting plate passing through the opening15Anchored in the concrete recess with a chemical bond. In addition, a device comprising an adjusting screw is provided14Adjusting bearing nut12And a safety nut13The structure leveling system of (1). Adjusting screws are welded through the corner posts of the structure1Lifting plate on the bottom part of10Is provided. The system eliminates the need for a completely flat surface or additional support of the structural corners by spacing the metal sheetsThe requirements of (1).

Shaft door in structure5And a cross beam2Via an oval opening (see fig. 3)8And special T-shaped bolt16The connection system of (1). The system allows comfortable installation and possible replacement of the bolt shank without the need for intervening structures. T-shaped bolt16Inserted into the groove through its flat side, and then rotated by an angle of 90 degrees and extended; the block above the T-head is then used to secure it in the channel against rotation and extension. The same system is used for anchoring the brackets of the guide rails into the cross-beams of the structure.

Main load-bearing element, i.e. cross-member, of a connecting structure2And a support1(see fig. 4) from an oval opening inside the shaft4aProvided is a method. On the front side, the cross-member is formed by a plate4bClosed, the plate passing through socket head cap screws4cStrut screwed to a structure1The integration of the screw thread in the strut has the result that the mounting process is simplified, since there is no need to hold the loose nut on the other side. The washer under the screw ensures the stability of the connection, which has a high resistance to accidental release and to release due to vibrations.

Opening in beam is by safety plate7Covering, in which corner reinforcements6Providing an overall aesthetic closure for the open portion of the structure. The plate and the reinforcement being provided by socket head cap screws22Attached to a fixing nut19The fixing nut is attached to the cross beam2Inside the section on the part of (a). The closed section is more stable and has a better aesthetic impression than the open section C. In addition, the connecting element is better protected due to the overall closure.

As provided in fig. 5, the connection3Vertical element in (1)1Exerting pressure on each other, which ensures a high load-bearing capacity of the higher structure. They pass through the connecting piece18Attached to each other, these connectors stabilize the mutual position of the connected vertical elements. Connecting piece18Comprising embedded fastening nuts arranged at an angle of 90 degrees to each other21. The ends of the joined pillars 1 comprise a set of openings, screws20And the fixing washer is screwed into the connecting piece through the openings18In (1). When retightenedThe screws align and fix the position of the connected elements.

The advantage of the disclosed solution is to protect the internal load-bearing connections of the structure that are completely closed in the horizontal elements of the structure.

The described solution of the self-supporting assembly structure of the elevator fully solves the drawbacks of the standard methods of solutions currently used, taking into account the working experience in the field of the implementation and design of elevator technology, and allows the use of elements produced in a uniform series for the main load-bearing element of the assembly structure. This solution simplifies the installation process by eliminating the necessity of retightening the screw connection using two tools. The necessity of non-systematic support of the corners of the structure over uneven surfaces to level the structure is eliminated. The installation of the elevator technical system into the shaft structure is simplified by a simple, effective and aesthetic anchoring system which allows additional alignment of the elevator technical system components to be implemented in the shaft. This design maintains the stability and load-bearing capacity of the structure without the need for additional stabilizing elements and generally simplifies the manufacture of the structure by eliminating the process of cutting and bending the sheet metal used to manufacture the load-bearing elements. In addition, the design allows maximum use of the space in which the shaft is installed in a smaller space of the elevator shaft by using an extended entrance.

The installation of the structure does not require any special professional teams and, after training and assuming adherence to the installation procedures specified in installation manuals and occupational safety, can be performed by the assembly workers who perform the installation of the elevator technical system, thus eliminating the necessity of coordinating several teams on site.

The connection is achieved by means of uniform screws, thereby eliminating any possible confusion and errors during installation. The threads are installed directly into the element and there is no need to use two tools to hold and retighten the separate connections.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY

The steel composite component for a lifting device according to the invention can be produced repeatedly and can be used for the installation of elevator systems.