阅读说明：本技术 一种剖分式双脊矩形喇叭天线结构及制备方法 (Split type double-ridge rectangular horn antenna structure and preparation method ) 是由 张登材 王森 赵志强 黄福清 刘颖 张义萍 于 2020-11-16 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种剖分式双脊矩形喇叭天线结构,包括脊盖、脊盒以及馈电座,所述脊盖包括上脊、直波导段腔盖、喇叭段的上半部分,所述脊盒包括下脊、直波导段腔体、喇叭段的下半部分、后盖板和安装法兰,所述脊盖与脊盒连接接触面分别开设有安装孔与自定位结构,所述定位结构用于脊盖与脊盒精准装配,所述馈电座通过第一连接螺钉与安装法兰固定在后盖板上；第二连接螺钉通过安装孔固定脊盖与脊盒形成双脊矩形喇叭天线的主体结构。(The invention provides a split type double-ridge rectangular horn antenna structure which comprises a ridge cover, a ridge box and a feed seat, wherein the ridge cover comprises an upper ridge, a straight waveguide section cavity cover and an upper half part of a horn section, the ridge box comprises a lower ridge, a straight waveguide section cavity, a lower half part of the horn section, a rear cover plate and a mounting flange, mounting holes and self-positioning structures are respectively formed in connection contact surfaces of the ridge cover and the ridge box, the positioning structures are used for accurately assembling the ridge cover and the ridge box, and the feed seat is fixed on the rear cover plate through a first connecting screw and the mounting flange; the second connecting screw fixes the ridge cover and the ridge box through the mounting hole to form a main body structure of the double-ridge rectangular horn antenna.)

1. A split type double-ridge rectangular horn antenna structure is characterized by comprising a ridge cover, a ridge box and a feed seat, wherein the ridge cover comprises an upper ridge, a straight waveguide section cavity cover and an upper half part of a horn section, the ridge box comprises a lower ridge, a straight waveguide section cavity, a lower half part of the horn section, a rear cover plate and a mounting flange, a mounting hole and a self-positioning structure are respectively formed in the connection contact surface of the ridge cover and the ridge box, the positioning structure is used for accurately assembling the ridge cover and the ridge box, and the feed seat is fixed on the rear cover plate through a first connecting screw and the mounting flange; the second connecting screw fixes the ridge cover and the ridge box through the mounting hole to form a main body structure of the double-ridge rectangular horn antenna.

2. The split double-ridged rectangular horn antenna structure of claim 1, wherein said self-locating structure comprises a locating pin on the ridgebox and a corresponding locating pin hole on the ridgecover, with a small clearance fit between the locating pin holes and the locating pin.

3. The split type double-ridge rectangular horn antenna structure of claim 1, wherein the mounting holes comprise mounting through holes formed in the ridge cover and mounting blind holes correspondingly formed in the ridge box, and the mounting blind holes are threaded holes; the second connecting screw penetrates through the mounting through hole to be in threaded connection with the mounting blind hole.

4. The split double-ridge rectangular horn antenna structure of claim 1, wherein the top of the positioning pin and the opening of the positioning hole are chamfered.

5. The split double-ridged rectangular horn antenna structure of claim 1, wherein said mounting holes are 6 sets.

6. The split double-ridged rectangular horn antenna structure of claim 1, wherein said self-positioning structures number 2 groups.

7. The split double-ridged rectangular horn antenna structure of claim 1, wherein said antenna external dimensions are 71mm x 52mm x 20 mm.

8. A method for manufacturing a split double-ridge rectangular horn antenna structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:

step 1, respectively designing a ridge cover and a ridge box structure model, integrating an upper ridge, a cavity cover of a straight waveguide section and the upper half part of a horn section together to form the ridge cover, and integrating a lower ridge, a cavity of the straight waveguide section, the lower half part of the horn section and a rear cover plate together to form the ridge box;

step 2, manufacturing the ridge cover and the ridge box through numerical control milling;

step 3, arranging a positioning pin hole and an installation through hole on the ridge cover, and arranging a positioning pin column and an installation blind hole on the ridge box;

step 4, aligning the positioning pin column on the ridge box with the positioning pin hole on the ridge cover for assembling;

step 5, fixing the ridge cover and the ridge box through the mounting through hole and the mounting blind hole by adopting a second connecting screw;

and 6, fixing the feed seat on the rear cover plate through the first connecting screw and the mounting flange to complete the preparation of the main structure of the double-ridge rectangular horn antenna.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of antennas, in particular to a split type double-ridge rectangular horn antenna structure and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The double-ridge rectangular horn antenna has the advantages of wide working frequency band, large power capacity, good radiation characteristic and the like, and is widely applied in the fields of communication, radar, electronic warfare and the like at present. In the existing literature, the electromagnetic design of the antenna is studied very much, but the introduction of the structural form is a simplified schematic diagram, and the detailed structural design introduction is lacked. As is well known, the antenna is a typical mechatronic product, and the selection of the structure forming method and the detailed structure design of each component not only affect the electromagnetic performance and mechanical strength of the antenna, but also directly affect the precision, manufacturing period and cost of the antenna.

The common structural forming method of the double-ridge rectangular horn antenna comprises 4 methods of block welding, integral forming of carbon fiber composite materials, integral casting and part assembly.

The forming of the block welding structure refers to that parts such as a horn body, a mounting flange, a waveguide section, an upper ridge, a lower ridge, a rear cover plate and the like are assembled and welded into a whole (see the literature: manufacturing process of the pyramid horn antenna, xue Ying et al. electronic process technology 2007,28 (3): 169-170). The deformation caused by high-temperature welding can cause the size and the shape of the antenna to change, so that the electromagnetic performance of the antenna is reduced, and the use of the system is further influenced. In addition, the aluminum alloy material suitable for welding is generally medium-low strength aluminum material, and the antenna welded by the material has low mechanical strength and is difficult to adapt to severe environments in the aerospace field and meet the high reliability requirements in the fields.

The method for integrally forming the carbon fiber composite material is to adopt high-modulus prepreg resin carbon fibers to lay layers on a mold, and carry out vacuum hot-press forming on a horn body, a mounting flange, a waveguide section, an upper ridge and a lower ridge together (see the literature: carbon fiber horn antenna manufacturing process research, waves, electronic mechanical engineering, 2018,34 (4): 47-51). The antenna with the structure is low in size precision, poor in surface roughness, high in mold cost, long in manufacturing period and high in carbon fiber price, and is suitable for the horn antenna with simple inner cavity and low precision requirement in the aerospace field.

The integral casting structure forming method is characterized in that parts such as a horn body, a mounting flange, a waveguide section, an upper ridge, a lower ridge, a rear cover plate and the like are cast and formed together through a plaster mold investment precision casting technology or an electroforming copper technology (see the document: Beijing aerospace university. millimeter wave rectangular-circular transition integrated corrugated horn antenna and a processing method: 200910093482.9[ P ]. 2010-03-03). The mould adopting the casting technology has high cost, low dimensional precision of the antenna and poor surface roughness of the inner cavity, and is suitable for mass production of the horn antenna with simple shape of the inner cavity and low precision requirement. In addition, since the horn antenna using the electroformed copper is made of copper, it is heavy and has a long production cycle.

The method for forming the assembly structure of the parts comprises the steps of independently processing the parts such as the horn section, the mounting flange, the waveguide section, the upper ridge, the lower ridge, the rear cover plate and the like, and fastening, assembling and forming the parts by using screws (see the document: the university of Western electronic technology: 201610068745.0[ P ]. 2016-06-29). Each part of the antenna is formed by machining independently, and the antenna is high in size precision, good in surface roughness and good in electromagnetic performance of products. The method has the advantages of more decomposed parts, more assembly links, larger accumulated error and influence on further improvement of the electromagnetic performance of the antenna. In addition, this method requires a large size space for the upper and lower ridges of the antenna to accommodate the mounting positions of the screws, and the ridges do not fit tightly into the waveguide cavity and the inner wall of the horn section, and have gaps that reduce the gain of the antenna (see document: university of sienna electronics technology. broadband double-ridge horn antenna: 201610068745.0[ P ]. 2016-06-29).

In conclusion, in the existing structure forming method, the blocking welding deformation is large, the precision is poor, and the strength is low; the carbon fiber composite material is integrally formed and integrally cast, the inner surface of the horn is poor in roughness, the dimensional precision is low, and the cost is high; the method for assembling the parts requires that the upper ridge and the lower ridge need to have larger size space for arranging the screw mounting position, and the structural forming methods can not meet the requirements of certain small-size high-precision double-ridge rectangular horn antennas

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the split double-ridge rectangular horn antenna structure and the preparation method thereof are provided, gaps among ridges, a waveguide cavity and the inner wall of a horn section are completely eliminated, and accumulated errors are reduced by reducing the number of assembled parts, so that the double-ridge rectangular horn antenna with low cost, high precision and high electromagnetic performance is obtained.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a split type double-ridge rectangular horn antenna structure comprises a ridge cover, a ridge box and a feed seat, wherein the ridge cover comprises an upper ridge, a straight waveguide section cavity cover and an upper half part of a horn section, the ridge box comprises a lower ridge, a straight waveguide section cavity, a lower half part of the horn section and a rear cover plate, a mounting hole and a self-positioning structure are respectively formed in the connection contact surface of the ridge cover and the ridge box, the positioning structure is used for accurately assembling the ridge cover and the ridge box, and the feed seat is fixed on the rear cover plate through a first connecting screw and a mounting flange; the second connecting screw fixes the ridge cover and the ridge box through the mounting hole to form a main body structure of the double-ridge rectangular horn antenna.

Furthermore, from location structure for including the locating pin post on the ridge box and the corresponding locating pin hole on the ridge lid, for the cooperation of little clearance between locating pin hole and the locating pin post.

Furthermore, the mounting holes comprise mounting through holes formed in the ridge cover and mounting blind holes correspondingly formed in the ridge box, and the mounting blind holes are threaded holes; the second connecting screw penetrates through the mounting through hole to be in threaded connection with the mounting blind hole.

Furthermore, chamfers are arranged at the top of the positioning pin column and the hole of the positioning small hole.

Further, the mounting holes are 6 groups

Further, the number of the self-positioning structures is 2.

Further, the external dimension of the antenna is 71mm multiplied by 52mm multiplied by 20 mm.

The invention also provides a preparation method of the split type double-ridge rectangular horn antenna structure, which comprises the following steps:

step 1, respectively designing a ridge cover and a ridge box structure model, integrating an upper ridge, a cavity cover of a straight waveguide section and the upper half part of a horn section together to form the ridge cover, and integrating a lower ridge, a cavity of the straight waveguide section, the lower half part of the horn section and a rear cover plate together to form the ridge box;

step 2, manufacturing the ridge cover and the ridge box through numerical control milling;

step 3, arranging a positioning pin hole and an installation through hole on the ridge cover, and arranging a positioning pin column and an installation blind hole on the ridge box;

step 4, aligning the positioning pin column on the ridge box with the positioning pin hole on the ridge cover for assembling;

step 5, fixing the ridge cover and the ridge box through the mounting through hole and the mounting blind hole by adopting a second connecting screw;

and 6, fixing the feed seat on the rear cover plate through the first connecting screw and the mounting flange to complete the preparation of the main structure of the double-ridge rectangular horn antenna.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of adopting the technical scheme are as follows:

(1) the antenna has high precision and good electromagnetic performance. On one hand, the main structure of the antenna consists of two parts, namely a ridge cover and a ridge box, so that gaps among ridges, a waveguide cavity and the inner wall of the horn section are completely eliminated, the number of parts of the antenna is reduced, and further, the accumulated error of the assembly and the connection of a plurality of parts is reduced; on the other hand, the self-positioning structures designed on the ridge cover and the ridge box are not only the processing reference of the ridge cover and the ridge box, but also the assembly reference of the ridge cover and the ridge box, and the integration of the processing reference and the assembly reference also reduces the accumulated error;

(2) the antenna has a simple structure, and the manufacturability of each part is good, so that the manufacturing period of the antenna is shortened, and the manufacturing cost of the antenna is reduced;

(3) the method is not influenced by the size of the product batch, and is suitable for single small-batch trial production and large-batch production;

(4) the ridge cover and the ridge box can be made of high-strength aluminum alloy materials, so that the rigidity and the strength of the antenna are good;

(5) the structural form is particularly suitable for the double-ridge rectangular horn antenna with high frequency band, high precision and small size.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a side view of a split double-ridged rectangular horn antenna according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is an exploded view of the split double-ridged rectangular horn antenna of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the split position of the split double-ridge rectangular horn antenna of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a ridge cover structure of the split double-ridge rectangular horn antenna of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a ridge box structure of the split double-ridge rectangular horn antenna of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a graph comparing the standing wave coefficient simulation and the test result of the split double-ridge rectangular horn antenna in an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a diagram comparing simulation and test results of the radiation pattern of the split double-ridge rectangular horn antenna in an embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numerals: the method comprises the following steps of 1-ridge box, 2-ridge cover, 3-feed base, 4-first connecting screw, 5-upper ridge, 6-horn section upper half part, 7-straight waveguide section cavity cover, 8-positioning pin hole, 9-mounting through hole, 10-lower ridge, 11-horn section lower half part, 12-positioning pin column, 13-rear cover plate and mounting flange, 14-straight waveguide section cavity, 15-mounting blind hole and 16-second connecting screw.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a split type double-ridge rectangular horn antenna structure comprises a ridge cover 2, a ridge box 1 and a feed seat 3, wherein the ridge cover comprises an upper ridge 5, a straight waveguide section cavity cover 7 and a horn section upper half part 6, the ridge box comprises a lower ridge 10, a straight waveguide section cavity 14, a horn section lower half part 11, a rear cover plate and a mounting flange 13, mounting holes and self-positioning structures are respectively formed in connection contact surfaces of the ridge cover and the ridge box, the positioning structures are used for accurately assembling the ridge cover and the ridge box, and the feed seat is fixed on the rear cover plate through a first connecting screw 4 and a mounting flange; the second connecting screw 16 fixes the ridge cover and the ridge box through the mounting hole to form the main body structure of the double-ridge rectangular horn antenna.

Specifically, the self-positioning structure comprises a positioning pin 12 on the ridge box and a corresponding positioning pin hole 8 on the ridge cover, and the self-positioning structure is a reference for processing and assembling the ridge cover and the ridge box, so that the high precision and the high electromagnetic performance of the antenna are ensured. In a preferred embodiment, two registration pin holes are designed on the ridge cap, as shown in FIG. 4; two locating pins are designed on the spine box as shown in fig. 5. When the self-positioning structure is designed, the pin holes and the pin columns are in small clearance fit, the two positioning pin holes are far apart as possible, the positions of the positioning pin holes and the positioning pin columns are ensured to be consistent, and chamfers are designed at the hole openings of the positioning pin holes and the tops of the positioning pin columns, so that the self-positioning structure is favorable for assembly.

The mounting holes are used for fixing the ridge cover and the ridge box and comprise mounting through holes 9 formed in the ridge cover and mounting blind holes 15 correspondingly formed in the ridge box, and the mounting blind holes are threaded holes; the second connecting screw penetrates through the mounting through hole to be in threaded connection with the mounting blind hole.

In a preferred embodiment, chamfers are arranged on the top of the positioning pin column and at the hole openings of the positioning small holes.

In a preferred embodiment, the mounting holes are 6 sets.

In a preferred embodiment, the antenna has dimensions 71mm × 52mm × 20 mm.

Aiming at an electromagnetic simulation model of the antenna, when the antenna structure is designed, a horn section, a rectangular straight waveguide section, a mounting flange, an upper ridge, a lower ridge and a rear cover plate of the antenna are integrated together according to the mounting position from the physical form, and then the horn section, the rectangular straight waveguide section, the mounting flange, the upper ridge, the lower ridge and the rear cover plate are split into a ridge cover and a ridge box along the wide surface and the end surface of the straight waveguide section, wherein the splitting position is shown in figure 3. The split ridge cover is shown in fig. 4 and comprises an upper ridge, a cavity cover of a straight waveguide section and an upper half part of a horn section; the split ridge box is shown in fig. 5 and comprises a lower ridge, a cavity of the straight waveguide section, a lower half part of the horn section, a rear cover plate and a mounting flange. The ridge cover and the ridge box split according to the structure forming method have good machining manufacturability, the ridge cover and the ridge box can be manufactured by directly adopting numerical control milling, and higher dimensional accuracy and surface roughness can be obtained.

The invention also provides a preparation method of the split type double-ridge rectangular horn antenna structure, which comprises the following steps:

step 1, respectively designing a ridge cover and a ridge box structure model, integrating an upper ridge, a cavity cover of a straight waveguide section and the upper half part of a horn section together to form the ridge cover, and integrating a lower ridge, a cavity of the straight waveguide section, the lower half part of the horn section and a rear cover plate together to form the ridge box;

step 2, manufacturing the ridge cover and the ridge box through numerical control milling;

step 3, arranging a positioning pin hole and an installation through hole on the ridge cover, and arranging a positioning pin column and an installation blind hole on the ridge box;

step 4, aligning the positioning pin column on the ridge box with the positioning pin hole on the ridge cover for assembling;

step 5, fixing the ridge cover and the ridge box through the mounting through hole and the mounting blind hole by adopting a second connecting screw;

and 6, fixing the feed seat on the rear cover plate through the first connecting screw and the mounting flange to complete the preparation of the main structure of the double-ridge rectangular horn antenna.

The comparison between the standing wave coefficient real object test result and the simulation result of the double-ridge rectangular horn antenna obtained by the preparation method provided by the invention is shown in fig. 6, the standing wave coefficient real object test result and the simulation result are highly coincident, and the maximum value is not more than 1.7; the pair of the simulation result and the test result of the pattern of the typical frequency points is highly consistent with those of the typical frequency points in the spatial domain of +/-30 degrees as shown in fig. 7, and the pattern has a difference of about 1dB outside the spatial domain of +/-30 degrees, which is mainly caused by factors such as the test environment. Tests prove that the preparation method can effectively reduce errors and improve the precision.

The invention is not limited to the foregoing embodiments. The invention extends to any novel feature or any novel combination of features disclosed in this specification and any novel method or process steps or any novel combination of features disclosed. Those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains will appreciate that insubstantial changes or modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

All of the features disclosed in this specification, or all of the steps in any method or process so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations of features and/or steps that are mutually exclusive.

Any feature disclosed in this specification may be replaced by alternative features serving equivalent or similar purposes, unless expressly stated otherwise. That is, unless expressly stated otherwise, each feature is only an example of a generic series of equivalent or similar features.