阅读说明：本技术 防飞石降噪的露天矿山采掘场结构和施工方法 (Open-pit mine excavation site structure capable of preventing flying stones and reducing noise and construction method ) 是由 王军 严章国 覃信海 张昌晶 沈杰 杨胜军 朱成铭 张延� 钱永亮 郝晓波 亓朝 于 2020-11-19 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种防飞石降噪的露天矿山采掘场结构和施工方法。该结构包括采掘面,沿着采掘面的边缘设置有预留坎,预留坎上开设有车道口,采掘面中部设有先锋槽,车道口与先锋槽连通,采掘面靠近先锋槽一侧的高度不低于靠近预留坎一侧的高度。该方法包括：在采掘面边缘布置预留坎,在预留坎上开设车道口,在采掘面开挖先锋槽；沿着先锋槽两侧进行转孔爆破采掘；先锋槽逐渐向两侧扩张,以先锋槽底部作为下一层的采掘面B,进行循环步骤采掘。本发明避免了矿料分散,减小了收集工作量；有效防止飞石和滚石,保障了施工安全和周边住民区的安全；并减小了噪声污染,减小了对周边住民的影响。(The invention provides a flying stone prevention and noise reduction open-pit mine excavation site structure and a construction method. The structure comprises a digging surface, a reserved ridge is arranged along the edge of the digging surface, a vehicle opening is arranged on the reserved ridge, a front-edge groove is arranged in the middle of the digging surface, the vehicle opening is communicated with the front-edge groove, and the height of the digging surface close to one side of the front-edge groove is not lower than the height of the digging surface close to one side of the reserved ridge. The method comprises the following steps: arranging a reserved bank at the edge of the mining surface, arranging a vehicle lane opening on the reserved bank, and excavating a pilot groove on the mining surface; performing rotary blasting excavation along two sides of the pioneer groove; the pioneer groove gradually expands towards two sides, and the bottom of the pioneer groove is used as the next layer of mining surface B to carry out the circular step mining. The invention avoids mineral aggregate dispersion and reduces the collection workload; flying stones and rolling stones are effectively prevented, and the construction safety and the safety of surrounding residential areas are guaranteed; and noise pollution is reduced, and the influence on surrounding residents is reduced.)

1. The utility model provides a prevent flying stone and fall open mine excavation ground structure of making an uproar which characterized in that: the novel mining face is characterized by comprising a reserved ridge (1), a pioneer groove (3) and a mining face (2), wherein the reserved ridge (1) is arranged along the edge of the mining face (2), a lane opening (8) is formed in the reserved ridge (1) and leads to the pioneer groove (3), the pioneer groove (3) is arranged in the middle of the mining face (2), side slopes (4) are arranged on two sides of the pioneer groove (3), and the height of the mining face (2) close to one side of the pioneer groove (3) is not lower than the height of the mining face close to one side of the reserved ridge (1).

2. The anti-flyrock noise reduction surface mine excavation site structure of claim 1, wherein: the pioneer groove (3) is used as an operation area, the slopes (4) on two sides of the pioneer groove (3) repeatedly block, dissipate and rebound the emitted operation noise, so that secondary diffused sound waves are formed on the upper part of the noise slopes (4), and the reserved ridge (1) blocks, dissipates and rebounds the energy in the horizontal direction of the secondary diffused sound waves again.

3. The surface mine excavation site structure for preventing flying stones and reducing noise according to claim 2, wherein: the attenuation degree of the noise energy under the combined action of the reserved threshold (1) and the pioneer groove (3) is not less than 50% or 40dB measured from the inside of 100m outside the reserved threshold (1) and the inside of the pioneer groove (3) respectively.

4. The surface mine excavation site structure for preventing flying stones and reducing noise according to claim 3, wherein: the weakening degree of the pioneer groove (3) to noise energy is not lower than 30% or 25dB measured from the position within 100m of the reserved threshold (1) and the position within the pioneer groove (3) respectively.

5. The anti-flyrock noise reduction surface mine excavation site structure of claim 1, wherein: the mining surfaces (2) on the two sides of the pioneer groove (3) are used as areas for arranging blasting ports, the blasting direction faces the pioneer groove (3), blasting flystones are enabled to splash towards the side slope (4) on the other side, and the side slope (4) intercepts the blasting flystones.

6. A construction method of an open-pit mine excavation site structure applying the flying stone prevention and noise reduction according to claim 1, characterized in that: arranging blast holes along two sides of a pioneer groove (3), wherein the blast holes and a side slope (4) are inclined in the same direction, the pioneer groove (3) is used as an operation area, excavating operation is carried out after blasting, the pioneer groove (3) is gradually expanded towards two sides along with the blasting excavation, and when the pioneer groove (3) is expanded until the distance between the side slope (4) and the boundary edge is equal to the width of a reserved ridge (1), the bottom of the pioneer groove (3) is used as an excavating surface B (12) of a next layer, and a pioneer groove B (13) of the next layer is excavated; and excavating the reserved bank (1), and then excavating downwards along the slope of the reserved bank (1) to the height of the excavating surface B (12) to form a reserved bank B (11) of the next layer.

7. The construction method according to claim 6, wherein: the edge of the digging surface (2) is reserved by digging the digging surface (2) downwards, and the reserved bank (1) is naturally formed.

8. The construction method according to claim 6, wherein: the method further comprises the following step of excavating the pioneer groove B (13) to form multi-level operation area common operation when the width of the pioneer groove (3) meets the condition of excavating the next layer of pioneer groove B (13).

9. The construction method according to claim 6, wherein: the height of the reserved ridge (1) is equal to that of the side slope (4) of the pioneer groove (3), and the slope rate is equal.

10. The construction method according to claim 6, wherein: the primary blasting depth is not less than the height of the pioneer groove (3).

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of mining operation, in particular to a flying stone prevention and noise reduction open-pit mine excavation site structure and a construction method.

Background

In open-air mining, the surface soil covered on the ore body and surrounding rocks are stripped in a certain range of open space, and the ore is mined. At present, open-pit deep-hole bench blasting is a widely applied method for mine excavation, namely, a stock ground is built to mine a highway to each layer of excavation surface, and layer-by-layer blasting mining is carried out. In blast mining operations, the following problems exist: (1) strong and lasting noise can be generated in the processes of blasting, secondary solution, loading and the like, and the noise is spread out of a mine site, so that noise pollution can be caused, and the ecological environment and the life of surrounding residents are influenced; (2) flying stones generated by blasting easily fly out of a mine boundary, and form hidden dangers for surrounding residential areas, constructors and construction equipment; (3) the original suspended stones on the mountain bodies around the mine or the suspended stones exploded and flying to the slope bodies easily form rolling stones, and the hidden danger that the rolling stones roll to the operation area to harm the construction safety exists; (4) the blasting ore material has a large flying range, the ore material is dispersed, and the collection workload is increased. Chinese patent publication No. CN105442621A discloses a stock ground mining method under a complex geological condition state, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of building a stock yard traffic hole in a mountain body in a non-excavation range, excavating a construction branch hole to a stock yard mining area by taking the stock yard traffic hole as a main line, excavating a pioneer groove on a mining operation surface by taking the construction branch hole as a basis, and blasting by taking the pioneer groove as an empty surface. The method ensures that the blasting direction is kept away from the river channel, prevents the materials from falling into the river, but can not solve the problems of noise pollution and stone rolling caused by flying stones.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a flying stone prevention and noise reduction open-pit mine excavation site structure and a construction method.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme.

The invention provides a flying stone prevention and noise reduction open-pit mine excavation site structure which comprises a reserved bank, a pioneer groove and an excavation surface, wherein the reserved bank is arranged along the edge of the excavation surface, a vehicle lane opening leading to the pioneer groove is formed in the reserved bank, the pioneer groove is arranged in the middle of the excavation surface, side slopes are arranged on two sides of the pioneer groove, and the height of one side, close to the pioneer groove, of the excavation surface is not lower than the height of one side, close to the reserved bank, of the excavation surface.

During the excavation operation, rotary hole blasting excavation is carried out on two sides of the pioneer trough, and the pioneer trough is gradually widened in the excavation process, so that most of mineral aggregates are concentrated in the pioneer trough, and the problem of mineral aggregate dispersion is avoided; the side slopes on the two sides of the pioneer groove and the reserved ridge are used for effectively intercepting the flying stones, so that the flying stones are prevented from flying out of the mine boundary, and the safety of surrounding residential areas, construction personnel and construction equipment is guaranteed; when the hanging stones roll down from the surrounding mountain, the rolling stones are prevented from rolling into the construction area in the pioneer groove through the buffering of the mining surfaces at the two sides of the pioneer groove, and the construction safety is guaranteed; after the construction noise is blocked and dissipated energy and rebounded through the side slope, the construction noise is blocked and rebounded through the reserved bank, so that the sound wave is transmitted upwards, the sound wave energy in the horizontal direction is effectively absorbed, the noise is restrained from being diffused outside the construction field range, the noise pollution is reduced, and the influence on surrounding residents is relieved.

The pioneer groove is used as an operation area, the side slopes on two sides of the pioneer groove repeatedly stop, dissipate and rebound the emitted operation noise, so that secondary diffused sound waves are formed at the upper part of the noise side slope, partial energy of the secondary diffused sound waves is upwards transmitted, and the reserved ridge stops, dissipate and rebound the energy of the secondary diffused sound waves in the horizontal direction.

The attenuation degree of the noise energy under the combined action of the reserved threshold and the pioneer groove is not lower than 50% or 40dB measured from the position within 100m outside the reserved threshold and the position within the pioneer groove respectively.

The weakening degree of the pioneer groove 3 to noise energy is not lower than 30% or 25dB measured from the interior of the reserved bank within 100m and the interior of the pioneer groove respectively.

The attenuation degree of the reserved threshold to the noise energy is not lower than 25% or 15dB respectively measured from the inside and outside of the reserved threshold within 100 m.

And the digging surfaces on the two sides of the pioneer groove are used as blasting opening arrangement areas, the blasting direction faces the pioneer groove, blasting flyrock splashes towards the side slope on the other side, and the side slope intercepts the blasting flyrock.

The pilot groove is perpendicular to the main wind direction of the mining field. Wind is blocked by the reserved ridge, the wind speed is reduced, and a circulating current is formed along the reserved ridge and the pioneer groove, so that the wind speed in a mining area is further reduced, the wind speed is controlled within the range of the dust-raising starting wind speed in most of time, and the dust raising is greatly reduced.

The invention also provides a construction method of the open-pit mine excavation site structure applying the flyrock prevention and noise reduction, which comprises the following steps: arranging blast holes along two sides of the pioneer groove, wherein the blast holes and the side slope incline in the same direction, the pioneer groove is used as an operation area, excavating operation is carried out after blasting, the pioneer groove gradually expands towards two sides along with the blasting excavation, and when the pioneer groove expands until the distance between the pioneer groove and the edge of a mine boundary is equal to the width of a reserved ridge, the bottom of the pioneer groove is used as an excavating surface B of a next layer, and the pioneer groove B of the next layer is excavated; and excavating the reserved bank, and then excavating downwards along the slope of the reserved bank to the height of the excavation surface B to form the reserved bank B of the next layer.

The digging face is dug downwards, the edge of the digging face is reserved, and the reserved ridge is formed naturally. When the lower-layer mineral aggregate is mined, the reserved bank can be detached by directly mining the mineral aggregate of the reserved bank part, so that the circulating operation is formed, and the construction time and the cost are saved.

And when the width of the pioneer groove meets the condition of excavating the next layer of pioneer groove B, excavating the pioneer groove B to form multi-level operation region common operation.

The blasting direction converges towards the leading slot. Mineral aggregate is centralized in the pioneer groove, so that centralized loading and transportation are facilitated; in addition, the blasting firstly explodes from the side slope position to the pioneer groove, and the side slope on the other side is effectively aligned to perform blocking, absorption and rebound.

The height of the reserved ridge is equal to that of the side slope of the pioneer groove, and the slope rate is equal. The pioneer groove and the reserved threshold are set to be the same in height and slope rate, so that the mining steps can be carried out circularly, the height of the reserved threshold does not need to be trimmed repeatedly, and the working procedure is saved.

The primary blasting depth is not less than the height of the pioneer groove.

The method also comprises spraying machines arranged on two sides of the pioneer groove, dust detectors arranged at an upper air port and a lower air port of the boundary of the mining area, and a humidity detector arranged in the pioneer groove. The sprayer makes water smoke in the construction area for the dust settling velocity, gets rid of the raise dust that the mining area produced, avoids the raise dust to spread outside the mining area scope, causes the pollution to the environment. The sprayers on the two sides of the pioneer groove act in the first time of blasting flying dust, so that the difficulty of subsequent treatment of the flying dust is reduced.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

in summary, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: (1) most of mineral aggregates generated by blasting are concentrated in the pioneer trough, so that mineral aggregates are prevented from being dispersed, and the collection workload is reduced; (2) the reserved bank effectively intercepts the flying stones, prevents the flying stones from flying out of the mine boundary, and ensures the safety of surrounding residential areas and construction equipment; (3) the excavating surfaces on the two sides of the pioneer groove effectively buffer the rolling stones, so that the rolling stones are prevented from rolling into a construction area in the pioneer groove, and the construction safety is guaranteed; (4) construction noise is transmitted upwards after being blocked and rebounded for many times, so that the acoustic energy in the horizontal direction is effectively consumed, and the noise is restrained from diffusing outside the construction field range, thereby reducing noise pollution and reducing the influence on surrounding residents.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of a surface mine excavation site for preventing flying stones and reducing noise according to the invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the mining steps of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the direction of blast splatter of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the noise spreading of the present invention.

In the figure: 1-reserving a bank; 2-digging surface; 3-a pioneer groove; 4-side slope; 5-a sprayer; 6-a dust detector; 7-a moisture detector; 8-vehicle crossing; 11 reserving a bank B; 12-a digging face B; 13-Pioneer groove B.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention is further described below, but the scope of the claimed invention is not limited to the described.

As shown in fig. 1, the invention provides a surface mine excavation site structure for preventing flying stones and reducing noise, which comprises a reserved bank 1, a pioneer groove 3 and a mining surface 2, wherein the reserved bank 1 is arranged along the edge of the mining surface 2, a vehicle lane opening 8 is formed in the reserved bank 1 and leads to the pioneer groove 3, the pioneer groove 3 is arranged in the middle of the mining surface 2, side slopes 4 are arranged on two sides of the pioneer groove 3, and the height of the mining surface 2 close to one side of the pioneer groove 3 is not lower than the height of the mining surface close to one side of the reserved bank 1.

During the excavation operation, rotary hole blasting excavation is carried out on two sides of the pilot groove 3, and the pilot groove 3 is gradually widened in the excavation process. As shown in fig. 3, the blasting flyrock explodes from the lower part of the side slope 4 to the pioneer groove 3, so that most of mineral aggregates are concentrated in the pioneer groove 3, mineral aggregate dispersion is avoided, and collection workload is reduced; the pioneer groove 3 effectively intercepts the flying stones, reduces the falling height of the flying stones, and under the explosive loading density of 1.2kg/m3, the flying distance of the flying stones in the traditional mining field is 77.8m, which causes hidden danger to the machinery in a mining area.

The reserved bank 1 effectively intercepts a small amount of flying stones which splash far away, prevents the flying stones from flying out of the mine boundary, and ensures the safety of surrounding residential areas, construction personnel and construction equipment; when the rolling stones roll down from the high positions of the periphery, the mining surfaces 2 at the two sides of the pioneer groove 3 are buffered, so that the rolling stones are prevented from rolling into the construction area in the pioneer groove 3, and the construction safety is guaranteed.

The pioneer groove 3 is used as an operation area, the slopes 4 on two sides of the pioneer groove 3 repeatedly block, dissipate and rebound the emitted operation noise, so that secondary diffused sound waves are formed on the upper part of the noise slope 4, partial energy of the secondary diffused sound waves is upwards transmitted, and the reserved ridge 1 again blocks, dissipates and rebounds the energy of the secondary diffused sound waves in the horizontal direction.

The attenuation degree of the noise energy under the combined action of the reserved threshold 1 and the pioneer groove 3 is not lower than 50% or 40dB measured from the inside of 100m outside the reserved threshold 1 and the inside of the pioneer groove 3 respectively.

The weakening degree of the pioneer groove 3 to noise energy is not lower than 30% or 25dB measured from the position within 100m of the reserved threshold 1 and the position within the pioneer groove 3 respectively.

The attenuation degree of the reserved threshold 1 to the noise energy is not lower than 25% or 15dB respectively measured from the inside and outside of the reserved threshold 1 within 100 m.

And the digging surfaces 2 on two sides of the pioneer groove 3 are used as blasting port arrangement areas, the blasting direction faces the pioneer groove 3, blasting flyrock is enabled to splash towards the side slope 4 on the other side, and the side slope 4 intercepts the blasting flyrock.

As shown in fig. 4, after the construction noise is blocked and rebounded by the slope 4, the construction noise is blocked and rebounded by the reserved bank 1, so that the sound wave is transmitted upwards, the sound wave energy in the horizontal direction is effectively absorbed, the finally transmitted noise outside the mine boundary in the horizontal direction is greatly smaller than the open deep hole bench blasting in the prior art, the noise is restrained from being diffused outside the construction field, the noise pollution is reduced, and the influence on surrounding residents is reduced. For example, when the noise of the construction sound source is 85dB, the noise conducted to the position 100m inside the reserved threshold 1 is weakened to 58dB through the weakening of the pioneer groove 3, and the noise conducted to the position 100m outside the reserved threshold 1 is weakened to 41dB, so that the noise 500m outside the reserved threshold 1 is reduced to 19dB, and the noise hardly affects residential areas. Under the traditional mine excavation structure, the structure of the pioneer groove 3 and the reserved ridge 1 is not provided, 85dB noise is transmitted in a free diffusion mode, and 45dB is still remained at the position 500m away from the excavation site. It can be seen that the structure of the invention reduces the noise of 500m outside the mining area by at least 57%, reduces the noise of the mining surface by about 31%, and obviously reduces the influence of the noise on surrounding residents. Even if the blasting operation is carried out with large noise, the influence of the noise on surrounding residents is small under the attenuation amplitude, and the problem of noise pollution is solved.

As an embodiment of the present invention:

the reserved ridge 1 is of a triangular or trapezoidal structure with the slope rate of 1: 0.3-1: 0.5 and the height of 12-18 m towards one side of the mining face 2. The slope rate ensures the strength of the reserved bank 1, so that the reserved bank 1 does not collapse during mining blasting; when the rolling stones roll from the reserved ridge 1 under the slope to the mining surface 2, the slope enables the horizontal component speed of the rolling stones to be at a lower level, and due to the buffering of the mining surfaces 2 on two sides of the pioneer groove 3, the rolling stones are prevented from rolling to the working area of the pioneer groove 3 during working. The reserved threshold of the structure weakens the noise energy from 58dB at a position 100m within the reserved threshold 1 to 41dB at a position 100m outside the reserved threshold 1, and the weakening degree is 29%.

The pioneer groove 3 is of a trapezoidal groove structure with the height of 12-18 m and inclined side slopes 4 arranged on two sides. The sound waves bounce on the side slope 4 at the height for multiple times, the propagation distance is prolonged, most energy is consumed when the sound waves propagate to the upper part of the side slope 4, and the noise generated by blasting and mining operations is effectively blocked; and the energy of the secondary sound wave reversely ejected from the side slope 4 is transmitted upwards, and the secondary sound wave in the horizontal direction is blocked by the reserved threshold 1 again, so that the sound wave energy is fully absorbed, and the noise is effectively reduced.

The slope rate of the side slope 4 is 1: 0.3-1: 0.5. Under the slope rate, the sound waves are reflected by the side slope 4 and the reserved ridge 1 and then are transmitted upwards, so that the noise is effectively inhibited from being diffused outside the range of the construction site; furthermore, the broken stones cannot fall off from the side slope 4, so that the construction safety is guaranteed; during blasting, the flyrock that the quality is big directly falls into pioneer groove 3 and piles up, and the mineral aggregate that falls into on slope 4 is stably piled up, and when the slope reduces the loading loader easily with side slope 4 interfere to this setting is convenient for loading transportation and follow-up exploitation, and reduces the flyrock that flies out pioneer groove 3, has improved the security.

The pioneer slot 3 of the structure weakens the noise energy from 85dB in the pioneer slot 3 to 58dB at the position 100m within the reserved threshold 1, and the weakening degree is 31%.

The reserved threshold 1 and the pioneer slot 3 in the embodiment act together to weaken the noise from 85dB in the pioneer slot 3 to 41dB at a position 100m away from the reserved threshold 1, and the weakening degree is 51%.

The pilot groove 3 is perpendicular to the main wind direction of the excavation site. Wind is blocked by the reserved bank 1, the wind speed is reduced, and circulation flow is formed along the reserved bank 1 and the pioneer groove 3, so that the wind speed in a mine area is further reduced, the wind speed is controlled within a dust raising starting wind speed range in most of time, and dust raising is greatly reduced.

The invention also provides a construction method of the open-pit mine excavation site structure applying the flyrock prevention and noise reduction, which comprises the following steps: arranging blast holes along two sides of a pioneer groove 3, wherein the blast holes and a side slope 4 incline in the same direction, the pioneer groove 3 is used as an operation area, mining operation is carried out after blasting, the pioneer groove 3 gradually expands towards two sides along with the blasting mining, and when the pioneer groove 3 expands until the distance between the pioneer groove 3 and the edge of a mine boundary is equal to the width of a reserved ridge 1, the bottom of the pioneer groove 3 is used as a mining surface B12 of the next layer, and the pioneer groove B13 of the next layer is excavated; and (4) excavating the reserved bank 1, and then excavating downwards along the slope of the reserved bank 1 to the height of the excavating surface B12 to form a reserved bank B11 of the next layer.

As shown in fig. 2, in the embodiment of the mining step, after the reserved sill 1 is arranged, the area a is mined to form the leading groove 3, then the hole turning blasting is performed along the two sides of the leading groove 3, the mineral aggregate in the area B is mined to form the mining surface B12 of the next layer, then the area c is excavated to form the leading groove B13 of the next layer, the corresponding lane entrance and exit are repaired at the same time, and then the area d and the area e are mined to form the reserved sill 1 of the next layer, so that the mining of the mineral aggregate of the next layer is completed.

Through the step, most of mineral aggregates are concentrated in the pioneer trough 3, so that mineral aggregate dispersion is avoided, and the collection workload is reduced; due to the fact that the reserved ridge 1 and the pioneer groove 3 are arranged in advance, the reserved ridge 1 effectively intercepts a small amount of flying stones which splash far away, flying stones are prevented from flying out of a mine boundary, and safety of surrounding residential areas, construction personnel and construction equipment is guaranteed; blasting flying stones explode from the lower part of the side slope 4 to the pioneer groove 3, and when rolling stones roll down from the high positions of the periphery, the mining surfaces 2 on the two sides of the pioneer groove 3 are buffered, so that the rolling stones are prevented from rolling into a construction area in the pioneer groove 3, and the construction safety is guaranteed; the side slope 4 and the reserved ridge 1 respectively stop and dissipate energy and rebound noise, so that the sound waves are transmitted upwards, the sound wave energy in the horizontal direction is effectively absorbed, finally, the noise transmitted to the horizontal direction outside the mine is greatly smaller than the open deep hole step blasting in the prior art, the noise is restrained from being diffused outside the construction field range, the noise pollution is reduced, and the influence on surrounding residents is reduced.

In the mining process, the bottom of the pioneer groove 3 is used as the next layer of the mining surface B12, the structures of the pioneer groove 3 and the reserved ridge 1 of the mine field are always kept, and the effects of preventing the flying stones from rolling stones and preventing noise are kept for a long time.

When the width of the pioneer groove 3 meets the condition of excavating the next layer of pioneer groove B13, excavating the pioneer groove B13 to form multi-level working area common operation. The multi-platform simultaneous mining is realized, and the ore production speed of the same ore area is improved.

The edge of the mining face 2 is reserved by downward mining of the mining face 2, and the reserved sill 1 is naturally formed. When the lower-layer mineral aggregate is mined, the reserved threshold 1 can be dismantled by directly mining the mineral aggregate of the reserved threshold 1, so that the circular operation is formed, and the construction time and the cost are saved.

The blasting direction converges towards the pilot slot 3. Mineral aggregate is centralized in the pioneer groove 3, so that centralized loading and transportation are facilitated; in addition, the blasting firstly explodes from the position of the side slope 4 to the front groove 3, and the side slope 4 on the other side is effectively aligned to perform blocking, absorption and rebound.

The height of the reserved ridge 1 is equal to that of the side slope 4 of the pioneer groove 3, and the slope rate is equal. The pioneer groove 3 and the reserved bank 1 are set to be the same in height and slope rate, so that the mining steps can be carried out circularly, the height of the reserved bank 1 does not need to be trimmed repeatedly, and the working procedure is saved.

The primary blasting depth is not less than the height of the pioneer groove 3.

The method further comprises the steps that spraying machines 5 are arranged on two sides of the pioneer groove 3, dust detectors 6 are arranged at an upper air inlet and a lower air inlet of the boundary of the mining area, and a humidity detector 7 is arranged inside the pioneer groove 3. The sprayer 5 produces water mist in the construction area, accelerates the dust settling speed, removes the raise dust generated in the mining area, and avoids the raise dust from spreading outside the mining area, thereby causing pollution to the environment. The sprayers 5 on the two sides of the pioneer groove 3 act in the first time of blasting flying dust, so that the difficulty of subsequent treatment of the flying dust is reduced. Humidity in the pioneer groove is monitored through the moisture detector 7, so that the humidity is controlled in the dust raising range of the flying dust, and the influence of overlarge humidity on the quality of the mineral aggregate is avoided.