阅读说明：本技术 硼的分布式光点燃方法及装置 (Distributed light ignition method and device for boron ) 是由 刘冬 马曼曼 秦钊 于 2020-11-02 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了针对硼及硼铝复合燃料的分布式光点燃方法及装置,该装置包括闪光灯、铝制灯罩、石英玻璃载片、高速摄像机、彩色摄像机装置,该装置在闪光灯曝光后,在极短的时间内释放光量,纳米硼粉以及纳米硼铝复合燃料吸收光能转化为自身的热能,达到着火点后与周围空气发生燃烧反应；同时利用高速摄像机记录燃料被点燃的瞬间变化图,彩色摄像机记录火焰燃烧变化。(The invention provides a distributed light ignition method and a device for boron and boron-aluminum composite fuel, wherein the device comprises a flash lamp, an aluminum lampshade, a quartz glass slide, a high-speed camera and a color camera device, the device releases light quantity in a very short time after the flash lamp is exposed, and nano boron powder and the nano boron-aluminum composite fuel absorb light energy and convert the light energy into self heat energy to be subjected to combustion reaction with ambient air after reaching an ignition point; meanwhile, a high-speed camera is used for recording the instantaneous change chart of the ignited fuel, and a color camera is used for recording the flame combustion change.)

1. A boron distributed light ignition device is characterized by comprising a quartz glass slide (1), an aluminum lampshade (2), a flash lamp (3), a bracket (4), a high-speed camera (5), a color camera (6) and an annular lamp tube (9); the flashlight (3) is fixed on the bracket (4), the energy released by the annular lamp tube (9) is gathered on the quartz glass slide (1) by the aluminum lampshade (2), and the quartz glass slide (1) is fixed at the same position by the clamping groove (8) of the aluminum lampshade (2); the composite fuel of nano boron and nano aluminum is placed in the groove (7) of the quartz glass slide (1) with fixed surface area, so that the light absorption surface area of the flash lamp (3) at the moment of exposure is ensured to be unchanged.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the quartz glass slide (1) is at a distance of 20mm from the annular lamp vessel (9).

3. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the recess (7) for placing the sample has a diameter of 10mm and a depth of 2 mm.

4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the high-speed camera (5) is located at 10cm directly perpendicular to the quartz glass plate (1) to record the sample light ignition transients.

5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the flash lamp (3) provides instantaneous light energy, and the nanocomposite fuel absorbs the light energy and converts the light energy into its own heat energy, so that a combustion phenomenon occurs after reaching the ignition point.

6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that a high-speed camera (5) and a color camera (6) are used for recording the transient diagram and the ignition process of the distributed light ignition of the boron-aluminum composite fuel, respectively.

7. A distributed light ignition method for boron, which is characterized by comprising

Adding aluminum powder with average particle diameter of 30nm into nanometer boron powder, mixing the two by touch loosening with a spoon or grinding in an argon glove box for 10min with a mortar for tight mixing,

the bulk density of the sample is ensured to be unchanged by placing a fixed amount of the sample in the groove with a fixed volume, and the bulk density of the sample is changed by placing boron-aluminum composite fuels with different masses in the fixed groove volume, wherein the mixing ratio of boron and aluminum in the sample is respectively 1: 4-3: 2,

and finally, igniting the boron-aluminum composite fuel particles by using the energy of the flash distribution ignition device at the moment of exposure.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of novel ignition modes of boron, in particular to a distributed light ignition method of boron.

Background

The solid rocket propulsion technology is widely applied in the military field and aerospace, and the fuel of the solid rocket ramjet is developing towards high energy density. Because the metal fuel has higher combustion heat and can relieve the instability of high-frequency combustion, adding high-energy metal particles or directly adopting high-energy metal as fuel becomes the current key research direction. Common high energy metal fuels are magnesium, boron, aluminum, zirconium, and the like, with boron having extremely high mass and volumetric heating values, currently considered the best fuel for solid propellants. However, boron has the problems of poor ignition performance and low combustion efficiency due to the high melting point and high boiling point of boron and an oxide layer on the surface of boron. Therefore, research on mixing boron with fuel with better combustion performance to prepare composite fuel is an important means for improving boron combustion at present, which has important significance on further development of the impact engine.

At present, the ignition mode for the research of the combustion performance of boron particles is mainly laser ignition, and the ignition mode has the problems that single-point ignition easily causes local high temperature, and an ignition device is heavy and expensive. The light ignition method is multipoint distributed ignition, has a simple structure and can be used in areas with severe conditions.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a distributed light ignition device and a distributed light ignition method for boron.

A boron distributed light ignition device mainly comprises two parts, an ignition part and a recording part. The ignition part mainly comprises a flash lamp, an aluminum lampshade, a quartz glass slide and a bracket, wherein the flash lamp is vertically fixed on the bracket, and after the flash lamp is exposed, the nano boron-aluminum composite fuel arranged in the groove of the quartz glass slide absorbs light energy to reach an ignition point and is ignited. The recording part consists of a high-speed camera and a color camera, the high-speed camera records the change of the ignition moment of the boron-aluminum composite fuel, and the color camera records the change of flame in the whole ignition process.

Furthermore, the distance between the quartz glass slide and the annular lamp tube is 20 mm.

Further, the groove for placing the sample has a diameter of 10mm and a depth of 2 mm.

Further, a high-speed camera is positioned at a position which is just 10cm vertical to the quartz glass sheet to record the light ignition transient process of the sample.

Furthermore, the flash lamp provides instantaneous light energy, and the nano composite fuel absorbs the light energy and then is converted into self heat energy to generate a combustion phenomenon after reaching an ignition point.

Further, a high-speed camera and a color camera are respectively used for recording the transient diagram and the ignition process of the distributed light ignition of the boron-aluminum composite fuel.

A boron distributed light ignition method is provided, which comprises

Adding aluminum powder with average particle diameter of 30nm into nanometer boron powder, mixing the two by touch loosening with a spoon or grinding in an argon glove box for 10min with a mortar for tight mixing,

through placing the sample of fixed quantity in the recess of fixed volume, ensure its bulk density unchangeable, and the change of its bulk density is realized through the quality of control sample, and the boron-aluminum composite fuel of placing different qualities in fixed recess volume controls the change of sample bulk density promptly, and the mixing ratio to boron-aluminum is 3 respectively: 2,2: 3 or 1: 4,

and igniting the boron-aluminum composite fuel particles by using the energy of the flash distribution ignition device at the moment of exposure.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages:

1. the invention adopts a flash distributed ignition mode to ignite the boron-aluminum composite fuel, the ignition mode is simpler, the required energy is less, and the distributed non-contact ignition can be remotely controlled;

2. the invention adopts the groove of the quartz glass sheet to control the change of the bulk density, namely under the condition that the volume of the groove is not changed, the change of the bulk density is realized by changing the mass of a sample;

3. the invention adopts the high-speed camera and the color camera to simultaneously record the data of the whole ignition process so as to analyze the temperature distribution, the combustion time, the combustion area ratio change and the like.

The invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is an exploded view of the structure of the present invention.

FIG. 3 shows the loose mixing ratio of boron and aluminum is 1: 4 sample combustion process chart.

FIG. 4 is an X-ray diffraction analysis of a sample after flash distributed ignition combustion.

FIG. 5 shows the loose mixing ratio of boron to aluminum is 3: 2 sample combustion process diagram.

FIG. 6 shows that the mixing ratio of the boron and the aluminum which are mixed closely is 3: 2 sample combustion process diagram.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further illustrated by the following examples

The inventive apparatus and method is described in connection with figure 2,

the method mainly utilizes the flash lamp to instantly release light pulse energy, and the nano aluminum powder absorbs the light energy to destroy an oxide layer on the surface of the nano aluminum powder, so that the internal aluminum particles react with air to further release heat, and the boron particles absorb the heat to reach an ignition point, thereby realizing the purpose that the boron-aluminum composite fuel is ignited by distributed light.

Specifically, the flash lamp 3 is vertically fixed on the support 4, and most of light energy of the annular lamp tube 9 of the flash lamp is gathered on the quartz glass slide 1 by utilizing the light gathering effect of the aluminum lampshade 2 as the light of the annular lamp tube 9 is diffused all around. The nanometer boron-aluminum composite fuel is placed in the groove 7 of the quartz glass slide 1, and the clamping groove 8 on the aluminum lampshade 2 controls the quartz glass slide 1 at a fixed position. The groove 7 is cylindrical, the light absorption surface area of the nano boron-aluminum composite fuel can be controlled by controlling the size of the groove 7, and meanwhile, the influence of the fuel stacking density on light ignition can be controlled by controlling the size of the groove 7 and the fuel quality. After the flash lamp 3 is exposed, the nano aluminum absorbs luminous energy to be ignited, and the released heat is absorbed by the boron-aluminum composite fuel, so that the purpose of light ignition is achieved. The exposure time of the flash lamp 3 is extremely short, 1/900-1/2700 seconds, so a high-speed camera 5 is adopted to record the ignition condition of the nano boron-aluminum composite fuel at the moment of flash lamp explosion, the high-speed camera 5 is vertical to the position right above the groove 7, and pictures are directly transferred to a computer for storage. The entire ignition combustion process is recorded by the colour camera 6.

The nanometer boron particles can be ignited by light ignition by utilizing the nanometer aluminum particles, the nanometer boron-aluminum composite fuel emits bright light after being ignited, the higher the content of the nanometer aluminum is, the larger the stacking density is, the more violent the combustion phenomenon is, and the more obvious the micro explosion phenomenon is; the greater the bulk density, the better the combustion effect. The average temperature of the nano boron-aluminum composite fuel in the combustion stage is about 1300K, and the highest temperature is higher than 1700K.

Example 1

And (3) loose mixing of the sample, wherein the mixing proportion of boron and aluminum with higher bulk density is 1: the combustion process diagram at 4 is shown in fig. 3. The sample light ignition is mainly divided into two stages, an ignition period and a slow ignition period. The ignition period of the boron-aluminum composite metal fuel particles is the process from the flash lamp exposure moment to the complete combustion of the particles ignited at the initial stage, the duration is very short, about several tenths of a second, and the upward micro-explosion phenomenon of the sample is generated in the ignition period. The nanometer boron-aluminum composite fuel particles combusted in the ignition period enable the temperature of the surrounding nanometer particles to rise to reach the oxidation temperature, and obvious flame is also generated when the nanometer particles enter the slow combustion period. Under the working condition, the light ignition micro-explosion phenomenon and the combustion phenomenon are the most severe, and the peak value of the combustion area ratio in the combustion process can reach 42.54%. The sample after the reaction is subjected to X-ray diffraction analysis, and obvious diffraction peaks are observed when the 2 theta is 14.7 degrees and 28.0 degrees, and the diffraction peak position in the graph and boron oxide (B)₂O₃) Peak positions are matched in a standard card; in addition to this, Al is present₅BO₉Oxide formation, which indicates successful ignition of the nano-boron particles using a distributed flash ignition device. The X-ray diffraction analysis is shown in fig. 4.

Example 2

The boron-aluminum mixing proportion is 3 under natural stacking: 2, the combustion process diagram in the loose and intimate mixing is shown in fig. 5 and 6. The micro-detonation phenomenon of sample combustion under loose mixing is more severe. The peak value of the combustion area ratio of the loose mixture sample was 31.23%, and the time at which the peak value appeared was 1.29 s; whereas the peak burn area ratio for the intimately mixed sample was 17.68% with a peak time of 1.62s, indicating a faster burn propagation rate for the loosely mixed sample.

The invention researches the influence of different mixing modes, stacking density and mixing proportion on the ignition and combustion characteristics of the boron-aluminum composite fuel. And detecting and analyzing the flame intensity, temperature distribution, combustion time, combustion efficiency and appearance characterization in the light ignition process by using a combustion transient diagram and a combustion process diagram obtained by a high-speed camera and colors. The results demonstrate that light ignition can ignite boron-aluminum composite particles. Under the same working condition, the higher the content of aluminum is, the stronger the flame combustion intensity is, the higher the combustion efficiency of boron is, and the shorter the combustion time is.