阅读说明：本技术 用于识别轴承的类型的装置 (Device for identifying the type of a bearing ) 是由 约阿基姆·伯格斯特罗姆 佩埃里克·拉尔森 于 2021-03-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：公开了一种用于识别轴承(4)的类型的装置(1),其中,所述装置(1)包括检测单元(6)和识别单元(10),所述检测单元(6)用于检测所述轴承(4)的振动频率,所述识别单元(10)用于基于检测的振动频率来识别所述轴承(4)的类型。(An apparatus (1) for identifying a type of a bearing (4) is disclosed, wherein the apparatus (1) comprises a detection unit (6) for detecting a vibration frequency of the bearing (4) and an identification unit (10) for identifying the type of the bearing (4) based on the detected vibration frequency.)

1. A device (1) for identifying the type of a bearing (4),

characterized in that the device (1) comprises a detection unit (6) for detecting a vibration frequency of the bearing (4) and an identification unit (10), the identification unit (10) being adapted to identify the type of the bearing (4) based on the detected vibration frequency.

2. The arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the identification unit (10) is adapted to compare the detected vibration frequency with a plurality of vibration frequencies stored in a database (20) and to identify the type of the bearing (4) based on the result of the comparison.

3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the detected vibration frequency has a vibration pattern and the recognition unit (10) is adapted to compare the vibration pattern with a plurality of vibration patterns.

4. The device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the identification unit (10) is adapted to derive a plurality of bearing frequencies from the shaft speed of the machine (2) and the dimensions of a plurality of bearings stored in a database (20), to compare the detected vibration frequency with the derived vibration frequency, and to identify the type of the bearing (4) based on the comparison result.

5. The device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the detection unit (6) comprises a vibration sensor (8) for sensing a vibration signal.

6. The apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the apparatus (1) further comprises a calculation unit (12), the calculation unit (12) being configured to transform the sensed vibration signal from the time domain to the frequency domain by a fast Fourier transform algorithm.

7. The arrangement according to claim 6, characterized in that the identification unit (10) is adapted to detect one or more frequencies in a frequency domain signal representing the vibration pattern.

8. The device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the detection unit (6) is further adapted to detect whether the bearing (4) is deteriorated and/or loaded, and if so, the vibration frequency of the bearing (4), the identification unit (10) being adapted to identify the type of deteriorated or loaded bearing (4).

9. Device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the vibration frequency corresponds to the frequency of the rolling elements (18) passing through the inner or outer raceway of the bearing (4), the rotational frequency of the rolling elements (S) and/or the vibration frequency of the machine (2) in which the bearing (4) is integrated.

10. A method for identifying the type of a bearing (4),

characterized in that the method comprises detecting the vibration frequency of the bearing (4) and identifying the type of the bearing (4) based on the detected vibration frequency.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a device for identifying the type of a bearing according to claim 1. The invention also relates to a method for identifying the type of a bearing according to claim 9.

Background

Bearings are used in different kinds of machines, such as rotating machines. Sometimes, the built-in bearing is unknown to the customer. In this case, when the bearing deteriorates or malfunctions, it is difficult to replace the bearing and prepare a suitable bearing. Furthermore, there are difficulties in the detection and analysis of bearing conditions when the type of bearing is unknown.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a simple method of identifying an already installed bearing.

Disclosure of Invention

This object is solved by a device for identifying the type of a bearing according to claim 1 and a method for identifying the type of a bearing according to claim 9.

The apparatus may include a detection unit for detecting a vibration frequency of the bearing, and an identification unit for identifying a type of the bearing based on the detected vibration frequency. The bearing may be part of a machine, for example. The device may be part of the machine or may be arranged outside the machine and may be connected to the machine or the bearing for identification purposes.

For detecting the vibration frequency, the detection unit may monitor the machine and/or the bearing and may detect the vibration frequency directly by the vibration of the bearing or indirectly by the vibration of the machine.

If the identification unit has identified the type of bearing, i.e. the bearing identification (bearing identification), based on the detected vibration frequency, the information about the bearing identification can be used for an accurate diagnosis of the bearing, since the specific properties of the bearing are now known. Furthermore, the identification of the type of bearing may be used for several estimations of the bearing, such as an estimation of the service life of the bearing or an estimation of any other condition of the bearing. Additionally, since the bearings have been identified, the identity and type of bearing can be used to provide an appropriate replacement bearing, if necessary. Furthermore, if a failure or degradation of the bearing occurs, information about the bearing identification and the specific characteristics and characteristics of the bearing may be used for prediction (prognosis) about the cause of the degradation or failure. In particular, bearing identification and knowledge of the cause may be used to replace individual components of the bearing.

The vibration frequency may correspond to the frequency of the rolling elements passing through the inner or outer raceway of the bearing, the rotational frequency of the rolling elements and/or the vibration frequency of the machine in which the bearing is integrated.

According to another embodiment, the identification unit is adapted to (/ adapted to) (adapted to) compare the detected vibration frequency with a plurality of vibration frequencies stored in a database and identify the type of the bearing based on the comparison result.

In one embodiment, instead of vibration frequencies, the database may contain the dimensions of a plurality of bearings. Based on these bearing dimensions, a bearing frequency may be derived from the shaft rotational speed of the machine, and the identification unit may then compare the detected vibration frequency with the derived bearing frequency to identify the type of bearing.

The database may be part of the apparatus or may be arranged remotely from the apparatus. The identification unit may communicate with the database via, for example, wireless communication. In the database, a plurality of vibration frequencies corresponding to the bearing types may be stored. Thus, the identification unit may compare the detected vibration frequency with a plurality of vibration frequencies, and if there is the same stored vibration frequency, the corresponding type of bearing may be identified as the type of the current bearing.

According to another embodiment, the detected vibration frequency has a vibration pattern (vibration pattern), and the recognition unit is adapted to compare the vibration pattern with a plurality of vibration patterns.

Additionally or alternatively, the database may contain a plurality of vibration modes, wherein each vibration mode corresponds to a specific type of bearing. In this case, the recognition unit may determine a vibration pattern of the detected vibration frequency (i.e., a specific value sequence within the detected vibration frequency), and may compare the determined vibration pattern with the stored vibration pattern.

To sense the vibration signal, the detection unit may include a vibration sensor. Vibration sensors may be used to measure or sense vibrations of the entire machine or vibrations of bearings inside the machine. The vibration sensor may be connected to the detection unit through a cable, or may communicate with the detection unit through wireless communication.

A preferred way of performing the identification of the type of bearing may be based on a transformation of the vibration signal from the time domain to the frequency domain, e.g. using a fast fourier transformation algorithm.

In this case, the apparatus further comprises a calculation unit for transforming the sensed vibration signal from the time domain to the frequency domain. When the signal is in the frequency domain, the identification unit may detect one or more frequencies in the frequency domain signal representing the vibration pattern. In the frequency domain, the signal frequency may be easier to detect than in the time domain, since, for example, the noise frequency may be specified and eliminated.

In particular, there will be indicators at certain frequencies in the frequency domain when the bearing condition deteriorates or if the bearing is subjected to heavy loads. The pattern matching may be used with frequencies identified in the frequency domain and then compared to a known repository of bearing frequencies stored in a database.

In a preferred embodiment, the detection unit may be adapted to determine whether the bearing is degraded or loaded (loaded), and if this is the case, the vibration frequency of the bearing may be detected. The degradation may be determined due to the occurrence of a particular vibration frequency. A defective or deteriorated bearing, or a heavily loaded bearing, may exhibit harmonic vibration modes having a fundamental frequency that corresponds to the characteristic frequency of the type of bearing.

When using the proposed device, it is possible to identify bearings that have been installed in a machine without knowing the specific type of bearing. With the proposed device, only the vibration frequency of the bearing needs to be detected, without any other knowledge. The detected vibration frequency may then be compared to a stored frequency corresponding to the particular type of bearing. Thus, the bearing may also be identified after it is installed in the machine.

Another aspect of the invention relates to a method for identifying a type of a bearing, wherein the method comprises: the vibration frequency of the bearing is detected, and the type of the bearing is identified based on the detected vibration frequency.

Yet another aspect of the invention relates to a computer program product comprising computer program code adapted to cause a control unit (e.g. a computer) and/or a computer of the apparatus described above to perform the steps described above. The database may also be implemented by a computer program.

The computer program product may be provided as a storage means, such as a memory card, a USB stick, a CD-ROM, a DVD, and/or may be a file downloadable from a server, in particular a remote server, in the network. The network may be a wireless communication network for communicating files with the computer program product.

Further preferred embodiments are defined in the dependent claims as well as in the description and the drawings. Thus, elements described or illustrated in combination with other elements may exist alone or in combination with other elements without departing from the scope of protection.

In the following, preferred embodiments of the invention are described with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are only exemplary and not intended to limit the scope of protection. The scope of protection is only limited by the appended claims.

Drawings

The figures show:

FIG. 1: schematic view of a device for identifying the type of bearing.

In the following, identical or similar functional elements are denoted by the same reference numerals.

Reference numerals

1 apparatus

2 machine

4 bearing

6 detection unit

8 vibration sensor

10 identification unit

12 calculation unit

14 inner ring

16 outer ring

18 rolling element

20 database

Detailed Description

Fig. 1 shows a device 1 for identifying a bearing 4, which may be part of a machine 2. Without any knowledge about the type of bearing 4, the bearing 4 may already be installed in the machine 2.

In order to identify the type of bearing 4, for example in order to find a suitable alternative for the bearing 4, the device 1 comprises a detection unit 6. The detection unit 6 may directly detect the vibration frequency of the bearing 4, or may indirectly detect the vibration frequency of the bearing 4 via the vibration of the machine 2. For detecting the vibration frequency, the detection unit 6 may comprise a vibration sensor 8. The vibration sensor 8 (although shown outside the bearing 4) may be arranged within the bearing 4 for detecting vibration frequencies within the bearing 4, may be located on the housing of the machine 2, on the housing of the bearing 4 or inside the housing of the bearing 4.

The vibration sensor 8 may sense vibrations of different portions of the bearing 4, for example, vibrations as the rolling elements 18 pass through the inner or outer races of the bearing 4, the rotational frequency (a frequency of a spin) of the rolling elements 18, and/or the vibration frequency of the machine 2 into which the bearing is integrated. It should be noted that although the bearing 4 is shown as a ball bearing having an inner ring 14, an outer ring 16 and balls 18, any other kind of bearing 4 may be used, for example a rolling bearing, i.e. a tapered roller bearing or the like.

The identification unit 10 of the device 1 may use the sensed vibration frequency to identify the type of the bearing 4. For example, the identification unit 10 may communicate with the database 20 to compare the detected vibration frequency of the bearing 4 with the vibration frequencies stored in the database 20. Each stored vibration frequency may correspond to a specific type of bearing, and the identification unit 10 may identify the type of bearing by performing pattern (/ model) (pattern) matching between the sensed vibration frequency and the stored vibration frequency.

In another embodiment, the database 20 may contain a plurality of bearing sizes. Based on these bearing dimensions, the bearing frequency (/ bearing frequency may be derived as a function of the shaft speed of the machine 2) may be derived from (as a function of) the shaft speed (shaft speed) of the machine 2. In this case, the identification unit 10 compares the detected vibration frequency with the derived bearing frequency to identify the type of the bearing 4.

In another embodiment, the detection unit 6 may be adapted to determine whether the bearing 4 is degraded or loaded, and if this is the case, the vibration frequency of the bearing 4 may be detected. The degradation may be determined due to the occurrence of a particular vibration frequency. A defective or deteriorated (/ damaged) bearing or a heavily loaded bearing may exhibit harmonic vibration patterns (harmonic vibration patterns) with a fundamental frequency that corresponds to the characteristic frequency of the bearing type. Furthermore, the identification unit 10 may identify, in addition to the type of the bearing 4, parts of the bearing 4 that may need to be replaced.

In a preferred embodiment, the vibration sensor 8 may sense the vibration frequency as a vibration signal in the time domain. The calculation unit 12 of the apparatus 1 may transform the sensed vibration signal from the time domain to the frequency domain, for example using a fast fourier transform algorithm. Based on the frequency domain signal, the identification unit 10 may detect one or more frequencies in the frequency domain signal representing the vibration pattern of the bearing 4. Based on the vibration pattern, the identification unit 10 may compare the sensed vibration signal with the stored vibration signal and identify the bearing 4, as described above.

In summary, when using the proposed device, it is possible to identify bearings that have been installed in a machine without any a priori knowledge about the specific type of bearing. It is only necessary to detect the vibration frequency of the bearing and the detected vibration frequency can then be compared to a stored frequency corresponding to a particular known type of bearing. Thus, the bearing may also be identified after it is installed in the machine.